湖北省部分省级示范高中2024-2025学年高二年级下册4月期中测试英语试题（解析版）

湖北省部分省级示范高中2024-2025学年下学期期中测试

高二英语试卷

考试时间：2025年4月24日试卷满分：150分

★祝考试顺利★

注意事项：

1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答

题卡上的指定位置。

2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在

试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和

答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂

到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.15

答案是C

1.WhatarethespeakersgoingtodoonThursday?

A.Gohiking.B.Playfootball.C.Watchamovie.

2.Whatisthemanintendedtodo?

A.Designauniform.B.Placeanorder.C.Formateam.

3.WhatisSally'sfavoritecity?

A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice.

4.Wherewillthespeakersdonext?

A.Toacafe.B.Toabookstore.C.Toadessertstore.

5.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenMr.GomezandJack?

A.Employerandemployee.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Workmates.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

第1页/共24页

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟，听完后，

各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.

7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?

A.Confused.B.Confident.C.Hesitant.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?

A.Ajobapplicant.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelarrangements.

9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?

A.Byhisworkingexperiences.B.Byhiscommunicationskills.C.Byhisinternationalbackground.

10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson?

A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?

A.Attendameeting.B.Packhisbelongings.C.Startanewposition.

12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?

A.Movingtohisnewoffice.B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.C.Preparingforapromotioncampaign.

13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?

A.Reviewanexpensereport.B.Providethemanwithsupplies.C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?

A.Atapark.B.Atamusichall.C.Atacoffeeshop.

15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?

A.Ifsrequestedbythecharity.B.Ifsfamilyfriendly.C.Ifsprivate.

16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Contactsomebands.B.Contributesomemoney.C.Organizesomeactivities.

17.Whatisthepurposeoftheevent?

A.Tohearsomelivemusic.B.Tohavesomefamilyfun.C.Tohelpananimalshelter.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic?

A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.B.Shewasinspiredbyherlecturer.C.Shebecameinterestedinthe

culture.

第2页/共24页

19.Whatisthebiggestchallengeforthespeaker?

A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.

B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.

C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.

20.Whatexcitedthespeakermost?

A.Shoppingatalocalmarket.B.Gettingtoknowthelocals.C.Beinginvitedtoalocalmeal.

第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WelcometoMuirWoods!Thisrareancientforestisakingdomofcoastredwoods,manyover600yearsold.

Howtogethere?

Peopleusingpersonalvehiclesmusthavereservationsbeforearrivingatthepark.(Detailsat

www.gomuirwoods.com.)

MuirWoodsNationalMonumentisopendaily,8a.m.tosunset.StopbyVisitorCentertogettrailsand

programinformation,andtotakeinexhibits.

What'syourpath?

EnjoyawalkonthepavedRedwoodCreekTrail(alsocalledMainTrail).Chooseshort,medium,orlong

loops(环线).OthertrailsgodeepintoMuirWoodsandMountTamalpaisStatePark.(RefertothemapofMuir

Woodsontherightfordetails.)

Readytoexploremore?

MuirWoodsispartofGoldenGateNationalRecreationArea,whichincludesMarinHeadlands,Alcatraz,the

Presidio,andOceanBeach.Downloadtheappat/goga.

Staysafeandprotectyourpark.

,Wi-Fiandcellservicearenotavailable.

,Watchforpoisonousplantsandfallingbranches.

•Donotfeedordisturbanimals.Fishingisprohibitedinthepark.

•Donotmarkorremovetrees,flowers,orothernaturalfeatures.

,Gototheparkwebsiteformoresafetytipsandregulations.

Accessibility

Wemakeagreatefforttomakefacilities,services,andprogramsaccessibletoall.Forinformation,goto

第3页/共24页

VisitorCenter,askaranger,call,orcheckourwebsite.

MoreInformation

MuirWoodsNationalMonument/muwoMillValley,CA94941-2696

•KentMemonal

Bridge4:Long

labour.2*milelooptrail

returnviaHillsideTrai

d

CathedralGrove

Bridge3:Mediumenterquietly

loop

Bridge2:Short

Yrhout匕looptrail

FoundersGrove

PinchotTree

BohemianGrove

.Restrooms

Bridge1:Start■Cafeandgiftshop

RedwoodCrwktrails

.VisitorCenter

■Payentrancef««b«r«

PARKING

AUpavedtrailsare

Hwheelchair-accessible.Restrooms

Pavedtrail

Extendedtrail

(notpaved)

TrailmapavailablePARKING

atvisitorcenter.

North

02Kilometer

©=0.2MitaTo

MuirBeach

1.MuirWoodswillprobablyattract.

©redwoodlovers©huntinglovers③fishinglovers©hikinglovers

A.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③

2.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.ReservationsshouldbemadeifvisitorsdriveprivatecarstoMuirWoods.

B.VisitorsareadvisedtocallVisitorCenterforsafetytipsandregulations.

C.VisitorscanreadelectronicmapsusingWi-FiinMuirWoods.

D.Muirwoodsissurroundedbyhighlandandoceanbeaches.

3.AccordingtothemapofMuirWoods,.

第4页/共24页

A.foodandgiftscanbeboughtonvarioussitesinMuirWoods

B.BootjackTrailcanleadonetoVisitorCenterfromBridge3

C.MillValleyislocatedonthesouthwestsideofMuirBeach

D.Bridge4isthefarthestfromtheparkinglotsofallbridges

【答案】l.C2.A3.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了MuirWoods公园的相关信息，包括到达方式、游览路径、公园探

索和注意事项等。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"WelcometoMuirWoods!Thisrareancientforestisakingdomofcoastredwoods,

manyover600yearsold.（欢迎来到MuirWoods!这片罕见的古老森林是海岸红杉的王国，许多红杉树已有

600多年的历史）”可知，MuirWoods会吸引红杉爱好者；再根据What'syourpath?部分中Enjoya

walkonthepavedRedwoodCreekTrail（alsocalledMainTrail）.Chooseshort,medium,orlongloops.（在铺设好

的红杉溪小径（也称为主径）上散步。选择短、中或长的环线）”可知，MuirWoods也会吸引喜欢徒步的人。

所以MuirWoods可能会吸引“红杉爱好者和徒步爱好者”。故选C项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Howtogethere?部分中的“Peopleusingpersonalvehiclesmusthavereservationsbefore

arrivingatthepark.（使用私人车辆的人必须在到达公园之前进行预订）”可知，如果游客开车去MuirWoods,

需要预订。故选A项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据MuirWoods地图可知，停车场（Parking）在较南端，而桥梁排列从南往北分别是Bridge1,

Bridge2,Bridge3,Bridge4,结合地图中的描述“Bridge4:Long1Vzhour2.milelooptrail（桥4：长1个半小

时2英里的环形步道）”可知，在所有桥梁中，4号桥距离停车场最远。故选D项。

B

ThericharomaoffreshlyroastedcoffeefilledtheairinsideaquaintstonecabinintheeasternChinesevillage

thathousesFrankSterzer'scafe:BambooCoffeeRoasters.

Aftermorethan20yearsasanengineerandexecutivewithleadingautomobilecompaniesinGermanyand

China,FrankhasfoundanewcallingandfulfillmentinthevillageofMaolinearNingboinZhejiangprovince.

Inspiredbyhislifelongloveofcoffee,apassionforroastingbeanspromptedFranktoturnwhathadbeenahobby

intoathrivingbusiness."Zhejiang'scountrysidehasexcellentinfrastructure（基础设施）andbeautifullandscapes,

第5页/共24页

andIfindittheidealplacetostartmybusiness,7B9.,Franksays.Maoliislocatedlessthana3O-minutedrivefromthe

Ningbocitycenter,strikingapleasingbalancebetweenurbanconvenienceandruralpeace.

ForFrank,theexperienceofsippingacupofcoffeewhileenjoyingasliceofhandmadecakeandgazingatthe

countryside,capturesthetypeofpeacefullifestylehehopestosharewithvisitors.4tBambooCoffeeRoastersisa

placetosharethecharmofthismountainvillagewithvisitorsfromallovertheworld,“heexplains.

ThecafeisnamedaftertheabundanceofbambooaroundMaoli,whileitslogowasinspiredbyaphotograph

Franktookofanearbybambooforest.Hehasalsocreatedasmallcoffeefactorybehindtheshopfront,where

excellentbeansfromaroundtheworldareneatlystackednexttogentlyhummingroastingmachines.Heroasts10

metrictonsayear.Allthesehavebecomekeycomponentsofthecafe9ssuccess.

SinceopeninginJune2024,BambooCoffeeRoastershasquicklybecomeapopulardestination,attracting

visitorsfromnearandfarincludinginternationaltravelerstakingadvantageofChina'sexpandedvisa-freepolicies.

Frank'sownfamilytookadvantageofthispolicy,withhismotherandsiblingsvisitinglastyear.

BeforetheSpringFestival,thecafewaswelcomingguestsfromallover,includingnearbycitieslike

HangzhouandShanghai.4tWecametoNingboforlocaldelicaciesandbusiness,purchasinglocalproduce.Products

suchashoneyoranges,bambooshootsandteahavealsofoundwidermarkets,thankstothecafe9spopularity,9,one

touristsaid.

4.WhatmadeFranksetupthecafeinMaoli?

A.China9sexpandedvisa-freepoliciesforinternationaltravelers.

B.Thevillage'soutstandingfacilitiesandpicturesquesceneries.

C.Frank9snewlyfoundenthusiasmforcoffeeandroastingbeans.

D.Thecombinationofurbanconveniencewithruralboomingindustry.

5.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph3mostnearlymean?

A.Accuratelyrecords.B.Perfectlyconveys.

C.Totallytakescontrolof.D.Firmlyseizes.

6.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?

A.OriginsofBambooCoffeeRoasters.B.Thehardshipsofrunningthebusiness.

C.TheoperationofFrank'sbusiness.D.Thevastprofitearnedfromthebusiness.

7.Whydoestheauthormentionthetourist,sremarkinthelastparagraph?

A.TotellusthepopularityofFrank9sbusinessenhancedlocaleconomy.

B.ToproveguestsfromalloverpromotedFrank'sbusiness.

第6页/共24页

C.TosharewithreaderstheintenseinterestoftouristsinexploringNingbo.

D.Toadvertiseforthelocalbusinessestopromotethesaleoflocalproduce.

【答案】4.B5.B6.C7,A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了弗兰克•斯特泽在中国浙江省宁波市附近的茅镌村开设了竹子咖

啡烘焙坊的故事。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段"Zhejiang'scountrysidehasexcellentinfrastructureandbeautifullandscapes,andIfind

ittheidealplacetostartmybusiness.（浙江的乡村有优秀的基础设施和美丽的风景，我发现这是创业的理想之

地。”'可知，让弗兰克在茅镌村开设咖啡馆的是这个村庄出色的设施和如画的风景。故选B项。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第三段“ForFrank,theexperienceofsippingacupofcoffeewhileenjoyingasliceof

handmadecakeandgazingatthecountryside,capturesthetypeofpeacefullifestylehehopestosharewithvisitors.

（对于Frank来说，一边品尝一杯咖啡，一边享受一块手工蛋糕，一边凝视乡村的体验，完美地capture他希

望与游客分享的那种宁静的生活方式）”可知，这种生活体验表达出了他理想的生活方式，"captures"在这

里的意思是“完美地传达”，故选B项。

【6题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第四段"ThecafeisnamedaftertheabundanceofbambooaroundMaoli,whileitslogowas

inspiredbyaphotographFranktookofanearbybambooforest.Hehasalsocreatedasmallcoffeefactorybehind

theshopfront,whereexcellentbeansfromaroundtheworldareneatlystackednexttogentlyhummingroasting

machines.Heroasts10metrictonsayear.Allthesehavebecomekeycomponentsofthecafe'ssuccess.（这家咖

啡馆以茅镌村周围丰富的竹子命名，而它的标志灵感来自弗兰克拍摄的一张附近竹林的照片。他还在店面

后面创建了一个小型咖啡工厂，来自世界各地的优质咖啡豆整齐地堆放在轻轻嗡嗡作响的烘焙机旁边。他

每年烘焙10公吨。所有这些都成为咖啡馆成功的关键组成部分。”'可知，第四段主要介绍了咖啡馆的命

名、标志、咖啡工厂、咖啡豆来源以及烘焙量等运营细节，即弗兰克企业的运营。故选C项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后——段“WecametoNingboforlocaldelicaciesandbusiness,purchasinglocalproduce.

Productssuchashoneyoranges,bambooshootsandteahavealsofoundwidermarkets,thankstothecafe's

popularity.（我们来到宁波是为了品尝当地美食和做生意，购买当地农产品。由于咖啡馆的受欢迎程度，峰

蜜橙子、竹笋和茶叶等产品也找到了更广阔的市场。）”可知，游客的评论表明他们因为咖啡馆的受欢迎程

第7页/共24页

度而来到宁波，并购买了当地的农产品，从而促进了当地经济的发展，即作者提到游客的评论是为了说明

弗兰克的生意提高了当地的经济。故选A项。

C

Arthasalwaysoccupiedaspecialplaceinsociety.Manypeopleconsiderartiststobetheultimateauthorities

onthenatureandexpressionofbeauty.Formuchofhistory,thepracticeofartwasmysterious,andartistswere

viewedasbeingsomewhatoddandoftenmad.Eventhewordmostcommonlyassociatedwithartists一

inspiration-hasitsownmagicalqualities.Literally,uinspiration^^isthebreathinginofaspirit.Artistswere

thoughtofaspeoplewhowereuniquelyinspiredtocreate.

Ofcourse,artistscontributedtothismythology.Manyartistscreditedtheirtalentstothepresenceofsome

supernaturalpower.Wholemovementsofarthavecenteredonthesupposedlyotherworldlynatureofart.For

example,theRomanticpoetsbelievedthatartwasatermthatmeantanultimateexpressionofbeautyandtruth.

Thesearchforthisidealledthemtoexplorebothnaturalandsupernaturalthemesintheirworks.

Anotherpersistentviewofartregardeditsseparationfromlogic.Reasonandlogicweretheprovinceof

scientistsandphilosopherswhereascreativityandinsightweretheareaoftheartists.Thetwoseparateaspectsof

themindweresupposedtoremaindistinct.

Butin1704,amajorbreakthroughoccurred.SirIsaacNewton,mathematicianandphysicist,publishedhis

studyoflight,Opticks.OneofNewton'smajordiscoverieswasonthenatureofcolor.Usingaprism（棱镜），

Newtonfoundthatwhitelightisactuallycomposedofallthecolorsoftherainbow.Heevenprovidedascientific

explanationforthepresenceofrainbows.Theartisticcommunitywasshocked.Ascientisthadtakenabeautiful

andmagicalexperienceandexplaineditasthesimplerefraction（折射）ofbeamsoflightthroughtheprismofa

raindrop.Ascientisthadventuredintotheirsacredterritory.

Morethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,accusedNewtonof

reducingbeautyby“unweavingtherainbow”.Hiscolleague,SamuelTaylorColeridge,famouslyremarkedthatthe

soulsoffivehundredNewtonswouldbeneededtomakeoneShakespeare.Andyet,fromanotherperspective,

Newtondidnotreducethebeautyoftherainbow;heenhancedit.Inhissearchtouncoverthesecretsofthe

rainbow,Newtondemonstratedthewonder,creativity,andinspirationofanartist.Healsogavetheworldanother

opportunitytoexperiencethesublime（绝妙）.Newton,sdiscoverypavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthe

scienceofspectroscopy,awayofanalyzingthechemicalmakeupoflight.Nowscientistscanlookatthestarsand

knowtheircomposition.Thesenseofwonderthisabilitycreatesisnotmuchdifferentfromthewonderthepoetor

artistfeelswhenstaringatthosesamestars.

第8页/共24页

8.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasthecommonviewofartistsinhistory?

A.Artistswereuniquelyinspiredcreature.

B.Artistswereconsideredlogicalandrational.

C.Artistswereseenasinspiredandsomewhatstrange.

D.Artistswerethoughttobewithoutanysupernaturalbeliefs.

9.HowdidtheRomanticpoetsreacttoNewton'sdiscoveryaboutlightandcolor?

A.TheycreditedNewton'sinsightstomysticalinfluences.

B.Theyfeltitfadedthepoeticbeautyofnaturalphenomena.

C.Theywereinspiredtointegratemorescientificthemesintheirpoetry.

D.Theybelievedanewdimensiontotheappreciationofbeautymightarise.

10.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnKeats'andSamuelTaylorColeridge'sviewsonIsaacNewton?

A.Tohighlighttheimpactofscientificdiscoveriesonartisticperception.

B.TostatethatShakespeare9sknowledgeofbeautywasunmatched.

C.Toemphasizethesuperiorcreativityofpoetsoverscientists.

D.ToshowthatRomanticpoetsobjectedtoscientificprogress.

11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Itemphasizestheartisticunderstandingofscience.

B.Itdiscussesthecontrastbetweenartandlogics.

C.IthighlightsIsaacNewton'sinfluenceonarts.

D.ItshowstheInterplayofArtandScience.

【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章探讨了艺术与科学之间的关系，特别是科学发现如何影响艺术界对美的

理解。文章通过历史背景和具体例子，展示了艺术与科学之间的互动。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段"Formuchofhistory,thepracticeofartwasmysterious,andartistswereviewedas

beingsomewhatoddandoftenmad.Eventhewordmostcommonlyassociatedwithartists-inspiration一has

itsownmagicalqualities.Literally,ltinspiration^^isthebreathinginofaspirit.Artistswerethoughtofaspeople

whowereuniquelyinspiredtocreate.（在历史上大部分时间里，艺术实践是神秘的，艺术家被视为有些古怪甚

至经常疯狂的人。甚至与艺术家最常联系在一起的词一一灵感一一也有其自身的神奇品质。从字面上讲，

第9页/共24页

“灵感”是吸入一种精神。艺术家被认为是被独特地赋予灵感去创造的人。）”可知，历史上人们普遍认为

艺术家是受到灵感启发且有些奇怪的人，故选c项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“Morethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,

accusedNewtonofreducingbeautyby"unweavingtherainbow”.（一百多年后，最著名的浪漫主义诗人之一约

翰•济慈指责牛顿通过“拆解彩虹”减少了美。）”可知，浪漫主义诗人认为牛顿的发现削弱了自然现象的

诗意美，故选B项。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段uMorethanahundredyearslater,JohnKeats,oneofthemostfamousRomanticpoets,

accusedNewtonofreducingbeautyby“unweavingtherainbow".Hiscolleague,SamuelTaylorColeridge,

famouslyremarkedthatthesoulsoffivehundredNewtonswouldbeneededtomakeoneShakespeare.（一百多年

后，约翰・济慈指责牛顿通过“拆解彩虹”减少了美。他的同事塞缪尔-泰勒・柯勒律治曾著名地评论说，

需要五百个牛顿的灵魂才能造就一个莎士比亚。）”可知，作者提到济慈和柯勒律治的观点是为了强调科学

发现对艺术感知的影响，故选A项。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据最后——段“Newton'sdiscoverypavedthewayforthedevelopmentofthescienceof

spectroscopy,awayofanalyzingthechemicalmakeupoflight.Nowscientistscanlookatthestarsandknowtheir

composition.Thesenseofwonderthisabilitycreatesisnotmuchdifferentfromthewonderthepoetorartistfeels

whenstaringatthosesamestars.（牛顿的发现为光谱学的发展铺平了道路，这是一种分析光的化学成分的方法。

现在科学家们可以观察星星并了解它们的成分。这种能力所创造的惊奇感与诗人或艺术家凝视那些星星时

所感受到的惊奇并无太大不同。）”可知，文章通过历史背景和具体例子，探讨了艺术与科学之间的互动，

特别是科学发现如何影响艺术界对美的理解。所以文章的主要是展示艺术与科学之间的相互作用，故选D

项。

D

Superhumanartificialintelligencehasplayedaroleinourlife.Whenitcomestoplayinggameslikechess,or

solvingdifficultscientificchallengeslikepredictingproteinstructures,computersarewellaheadofhumans.But

wehaveonesuperpowertheyaren'tclosetomastering:mindreading.

Weareblessedwithamysteriousabilitytoreasonthegoals,desiresandbeliefsofothers,acrucialskillthat

meanswecananticipateotherpeople'sactionsandtheconsequencesofourown.IfAisaretobecometrulyuseful

ineverydaylife-tocooperateeffectivelywithusortounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadaftera

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bouncingball-wehavetogivethemthisgiftthatevolutionhasgivenustoreadotherpeople'sminds.

Inpsychology,theabilitytoinferanother5smentalstateisreferredtoastheoryofmind.Inhumans,this

capacitydevelopsataveryyoungage.Howtoreproducethecapabilityinmachinesisfarfromclear,though.One

ofthemainchallengesiscontext.Forinstance,ifsomeoneaskswhetheryouaregoingforarunandyoureply"it's

raining”,theycanquicklyconcludetheanswerisno.Butthisrequireshugeamountsofbackgroundknowledge

aboutrunning,weatherandhumanpreferences.

Besides,whetherhumansorAI,thetheoryofmindissupposedtoemergenaturallyfromone'sownlearning

process.BuildingpriorknowledgeintoAImakesitreliantonourimperfectunderstandingoftheoryofmind.In

addition,AImaybecapableofdevelopingapproacheswecouldneverimagine.Therecanbemanyformsoftheory

ofmindthatwedon'tlaiowaboutsimplybecauseweliveinahumanbodythathascertaintypesofsensesanda

certainabilitytothink.

ButwemightstillwantAItohaveamorehuman-likeformoftheoryofmind.Humanscanclearlyexplain

theirgoalstoeachotherusingcommonlanguageandideas.WhilelettingAIformthetheoryofmindintheir

learningprocessislikelytoleadtodevelopingmorepowerfulAI,plainlybuildinginsharedwaystorepresent

knowledgemaybecrucialfbrhumanstotrustandcommunicatewithAI.

Itisimportanttoremember,though,thatthepursuitofmachineswiththeoryofmindisaboutmorethanjust

buildingmoreusefulrobots.ItisalsoasteppingstoneonthepathtowardsadeepergoalforAIandrobotics

research:buildingtrulyself-awaremachines.Whetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongtheway

thinkingaboutotherpeopleandotheragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.

12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcontextscanAIunderstandwell?

A.Whenamomasksherkidtodrinkaglassofmilk,thekiddrinksitup.

B.Whenkidsseetheirmomafterhurtingthemselves,theycryevenlouder.

C.Whenateacherasksfbraboy'shomework,heanswers“mycatateit”.

D.Whenyouaretreatedwithaspicyhotpotfordinner,youreply“asorethroat”.

13.Whichstatementwilltheauthoragreewithmostabouttheoryofmind?

A.Humans5theoryofmindisfarfromperfect.

B.HumanslimitAl'stheoryofmindtoanextent.

C.Al'stheoryofminddevelopmenthasbeenfullyuncovered.

D.SharedformsoftheoryofmindleadtomorepowerfulAL

14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardtrulyself-awaremachines?

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A.Ambiguous.B.Subjective.C.Approving.D.Skeptical.

15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.AIwithItsOwnTheoryofMindIsAnticipated.

B.Al'sTheoryofMindWillDefineOurFuture.

C.Al'sTheoryofMind-aBlessingorSufferingtoHumans.

D.TheoryofMindBridgestheGapBetweenHumansandAL

【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.A

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了人工智能（AI）在理论心智（theoryofmind）方面的发展现

状、挑战及未来展望。理论心智是指理解他人心理状态的能力，对人类合作与沟通至关重要。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Oneofthemainchallengesiscontext.Forinstance,ifsomeoneaskswhetheryouare

goingforarunandyoureply"it'sraining",theycanquicklyconcludetheanswerisno.Butthisrequireshuge

amountsofbackgroundknowledgeaboutrunning,weatherandhumanpreferences.（主要的挑战之一是上下文。

例如，如果有人问你是否要去跑步，而你回答“下雨了”，他们可以很快得出结论，答案是否定的。但这

需要大量的关于跑步、天气和人类偏好的背景知识。”'可知，AI在理解需要大量背景知识或复杂上下文的

情境时存在困难。故选A项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段"Besides,whetherhumansorAI,thetheoryofmindissupposedtoemergenaturally

fromone'sownlearningprocess.BuildingpriorknowledgeintoAImakesitreliantonourimperfect

understandingoftheoryofmin.（此外，无论是人类还是AI,理论心智都应该从自己的学习过程中自然产生。

将先验知识构建到AI中，会使它依赖于我们对理论心智的不完善理解。”'可知，人类对理论心智的不完

善理解可能会限制AI理论心智的发展，即人类在一定程度上限制了AI的理论心智。故选B项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后——段aWhetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongthewaythinkingabout

otherpeopleandotheragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.（我们是否能够实现这——目

标还有待观察。但在这一过程中，我们思考着他人和其他主体，我们正走在学会思考自己的道路上。”'可

知，作者对真正具有自我意识的机器的态度是赞成的。故选C项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Butwehaveonesuperpowertheyaren'tclosetomastering:mindreading.（但我们有

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一种他们还远远没有掌握的超能力：读心术。）”和第二段"IfAisaretobecometrulyusefulineverydaylife

——tocooperateeffectivelywithusortounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadafterabouncingball——

wehavetogivethemthisgiftthatevolutionhasgivenustoreadotherpeople'sminds.（如果人工智能要在日常

生活中真正发挥作用一一与我们有效合作，或者理解一个孩子可能会在弹跳的球后面跑到马路上一一我们

必须赋予它们这种进化赋予我们的读心术能力。）”可知，文章主要讨论了AI在理论心智方面的发展现状、

挑战及未来展望，即期待AI能拥有自己的理论心智。由此可知，最佳标题是A项“AIwithItsOwnTheory

ofMindIsAnticipated”（期待具有自身心理理论的AI）。故选A项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

BenefitsofSports

Doingsportsisaphysical,mentalandsocialadventure.Ifsagreatwayforchildrentotakeabreakfrom

studiesandreleaseextraenergy.Italso