第3讲现在分词（教师版）年高考英语二轮复习高频考点非谓语动词巧学巧练

“高考英语精品课程”非谓语动词第三讲：现在分词兴趣导入：现在分词的形式与动名词同形，现在分词有一般式和完成式，并有主动语态和被动语态，兼有动词，形容词，副词的特征，因而在句中可以作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语等。知识点回顾：现在分词的功能：状语Swimmingintheriverinsummer,wecanfeelcool.定语Heistheboyswimmingintheriver.表语Themovieisverymoving.宾补Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.其他形式完成式Havingreviewedhislessons,hewenttobed.=Afterhehadreviewedhislessons,hewenttobed.被动式Thelibrarybeingbuiltisexpectedtoopenattheendofthisyear.(强调主句和分词动作同时发生）Havingbeentoldseveraltimes,hecouldn’tunderstandwhatImeant.（强调时间先后）否定式Notknowingwheretogo,shewenttothepoliceforhelp.=Becauseshedidn’tknowwheretogo,shewenttothepoliceforhelp.Nothavingreceivedananswer,hewroteagain.=Becausehehadnotreceivedananswer,hewroteagain.专题精讲；在英语高考中，主要考查非谓语动词作状语、定语、宾补的用法。非谓语动词快速解题法（解题秘诀：九阴（字）真经）找对象(主语）定关系（主语与动词之间的关系）做选择（答案，时间先后）________inalongqueue,wewaitedforthestoretoopentobuyaNewiPad.(stand)_______whichuniversitytoattend,thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice.A.NotknowingB.KnowingnotC.NotknownD.Knownnot考点1、现在分词作状语(重点）现在分词可以作时间、原因、条件、伴随、结果状语，强调与句子主语之间主动关系；现在分词一般式doing表示与谓语动词（几乎）同时发生；havingdone则表示该动作先于谓语动作发生。【活学活用】1.Tonylentmethemoney,__________thatI’ddoasmuchforhim.（hope）2.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,________thebreakfastuntouched.(leave)3.(ask)toworkovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.4._________bymenow,thebikecan’tbelenttoyou.(use)考点2：现在分词作定语（重点）现在分词作定语表示一个正在进行的动作；区别doing和beingdonehavingdone不能作定语；单个分词作名词前置定语；分词短语作后置定语。Thequestionbeingdiscussed(=whicharebeingdiscussed)areofgreatimportance.Themantalkingto(=whoistalkingto)Tomismybrother.【活学活用】1.Themuseum(build)nowwillbeopentothepublicinsixmonths.2.Thetrafficrulesaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand(weigh)lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.考点3:现在分词作宾语补足语动词由宾语发出，强调动作的延续或正在进行，非全过程，合适一两类动词：感官动词和使役类动词后接现在分词表示“看见/听见……某人正在做某事”。口诀法：1感2听3使4看【活学活用】特别注意“…起来”之类的感官系动词无被动，无进行时态的考点1.Ilookedupandnoticesasnake______itswayupthetreetocatchitsbreakfastA.towindB.windC.windingD.wound2._________delicious,theapplesweresoldoutsoonTastingB.TastesC.TastedD.Totaste拓展：用于“with+名词+现在分词”，表示一个主动的、正在进行的动作。省略with后构成的“名词/代词+现在分词”构成独立主格结构。ith复合结构=with+宾语+宾语补足语定语，状语（伴随，方式，条件或原因等），句首句尾均可with+宾语+doingwith+宾语+donewith+宾语+todo活学活用：1.Withalotofwork_______,thenewlyelectedpresidentwasintrouble.

2.Withalotofwork_______,thenewlyelectedpresidentwashavingafreetime.

AtosettleBsettledCsettlingDtobesettled3.–eon,pleasegivemesomeadviceabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork_______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.filledB.fillingC.tofillD.beingfilled4.Thepartywillbeheldinthegarden,weather(permit).5.Theoldcoupleoftentakeawalkaftersuperintheparkwiththeirpetdog_____them.A.tofollowB,followingC,followedD,followsThe

teacher

entered

the

classroom,

followed

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students.或Following

the

teacher,

the

students

entered

the

classroom.考点4:现在分词作表语现在分词作表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语的身份、性质或情况，常翻译为“令人……”。区别Ving形容词&Ved形容词比一比：词汇学霸考点1. ed形容词与ing形容词ed形容词，通常说明人，意为“【某人】感到……”；ing形容词通常说明事物，意为“【某事物】令人……”或“令人……的【事物】”。1) Fromhis____voiceonthephoneIknoweverythingisgoingunderway. A.satisfactoryB.satisfyingC.satisfiedD.satisfaction2) —I'mvery______withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.—Mm,itdoeshavea______smell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant3) Mr.Smith,______ofthe________speech,startedtoreadanovel. A.tired;boringB.tiring;boredC.tired;boredD.tiring;boring4) Lawsthatpunishparentsfortheirlittlechildren’sactionsagainstthelawsgetparents_____. A.worriedB.toworriedC.worryingD.worry考点2. 形容词做状语，表示主语所处的状态副词做状语一般修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子。_____________________________________1)Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,______.A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryandtiredC.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired2)_________andshortofbreath,AndyandRubywerethefirsttoreachthetopofMountTai.A.TobetriedB.TiredC.TiringD.Beingtired总结常见的ed形容词与ing形容词（表格）（写于笔记本上）考点5：现在分词与不定式表结果的区别用现在分词表自然而然的结果,causing用不定式表意外的结果，往往有only出现在不定式符号to前面,onlytodo,onlytobedone活学活用：Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,________seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocause2.Thenewsshockedthepublic,_______togreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.A.havingledB.ledC.leadingD.tolead3.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only________thathiswifehadlefthim.A.tobetoldB.tellingC.beingtoldD.told4.Tomtookataxitotheairport,only________hisplanehighupinthesky.A.findingB.tofindC.beingfoundD.tohavefound考点6：状语从句省略，同一个主语省略，现在分词表主动While(wait)forabus,IcameacrossmyformerEnglishteacher.Before_____________(travel),weshouldmakefullpreparations.考点7:现在分词短语作插入语（主动表被动）要点精讲：英语中generallyspeaking,judgingfrom/by,talkingof,considering等可以视作插入语，其逻辑主语可以与句子主语不一致。【活学活用】Thisisanarticle________________(consist)offiveparts.Thisisastory_____________(date)fromtheTangDynasty.__________(Judge)fromhiswords,hedidwellinhisexam.Theputer____________(belong)toourclassshouldbeusedforstudying.Thespeechwhichhemade___________(concern)thefootballmatchboredalotoffanstodeath._________(talk)oftravel,haveyoueverbeentoBeijing?考点8:现在分词的被动式、完成式和否定式（以动词do为例）内容主动语态被动语态否定式一般式doingbeingdonenotdoing完成式havingdonehavingbeendonenothavingdone【活学活用】________formanyyears,thebikeneedsrepairing.(use)____________severaltimes,hecouldn’tunderstandwhatImeant.Helikesmakingtheplanes,usually________someplasticstomakethem.Thefirelastedawholenight,__________(cause)greatdamage.巩固练习：用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.【2021·北京卷】From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,19．(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss．【答案】resulting【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起，造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。2.（2021·天津卷第一次考）China'sNationalHighway318,________（extend）over5,000kilometersfromShanghaitoZhangmu,Tibet,isknownasthe"heavenlyroad“foritsamazingviews.【答案】extending【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的国道318号，从上海到西藏樟木，延伸出5000多公里，因为它的令人赞叹的景观，被熟知为“天堂之路”。分析句子成分可知，isknownas是整个句子的谓语动词，所以空格处应填非谓语动词，extend与主语China'sNationalHighway318之间的关系为主动，所以用extending。3.（2021年1月浙江高考）Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople19．(live)inthecountryside,includinglowerlevelsofineandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【答案】living【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，句子已有谓语动词maybe，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。4.【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】Iwasupsettolearnthatmanyseaanimalseatplasticgarbage,37．(think)itisfood.【答案】thinking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我得知许多海洋动物吃塑料垃圾，以为那是食物时，我很难过。分析句子结构，________(think)itisfood.用作状语，think与其逻辑主语manyseaanimals之间是主动关系，用现在分词，所以填thinking。5.While_________(speak)toforeigners,youmusttryyourbesttomakeyourselfunderstood.6.Withnocentralgovernment,theislandwasruledbykings,each______________(control)adifferentregionofthecountry.7.Ourcar________________(develop)enginetrouble,westoppedforthenightataroadsiderestarea.8.Themeetingyesterday/now/(hold)tomorrowissignificant.9.Chinaisa______________(develop)country______________(belong)totheThirdWorld.10.Themanager,(make)itclearthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.【答案】4.thinking5.speaking;6.controlling7.havingdeveloped8.held;beingheld;tobeheld9.developing;belonging10.havingmade拓展练习11.(2021·新高考全国卷)Thoughitistheonlyunnaturalthingonyourwayupthemountain,stillithighlightsthewholeadventureoffersaplacewhereyoucansitdowntorestyour(ache)legs.12.(2021·天津卷改编)China'sNationalHighway318,________(extend)over5,000kilometersfromShanghaitoZhangmu,Tibet,isknownasthe"heavenlyroad“foritsamazingviews.13.(2021·浙江卷)Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople___________(live)inthecountryside,includinglowerlevelsofineandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.14.Lookoverthere–there’saverylong,windingpathleduptothehouse.15.Wearetryingtosolvetheproblemsarisenfromthelackofmunication.16.Seeingfromthispoint,wefindnoeasysolutiontotheproblem.17.Shereadtheletter,tearsrolldownhercheeks.18.Hegotuplateandhurriedtohisoffice,leftthebreakfastuntouched.19.Nowthesearchisonfortheremainedfive:adog,arooster,adragon,asheepandasnake.20.Therewasnothingtotalkabout,everyoneintheroomremainedsilent.【答案】1.aching2.extending3.living14.led改为leading15.arisen改为arising16.Seeing改为Seen17.roll改为rolling18.left改为leaving19.remained改为remaining10.was改为being短文改错下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（ʌ），并在其下面写出该加的词；删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：每句不超过两个错误；每处错误及其修改均仅限一次；只允许修改10出，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Twoyearsbefore,ItraveledtoBrazilandIrentedforacar.Unfortunate,Ihadanaccidentandhitanothercar,andIneededtostayinahospitalforatleasttwoweek.1calledmyparents,soIdidnottellthemwhathadhappened.IknewthattheywillbeworriedaboutmyselfbecauseIwassofartheraway,andthatmymotherwouldnotsleepifsheknew.Therefore,ItoldtheminterestedstoriesandhowIwasenjoyingBrazilAsaresult,nobodyknewtruth.Istillthinkthatitwastherightthingtodo.语法填空：HavingextendedtherecordofChineseastronauts'1．（long）stayinspaceinasingleflightmissionto90days,theShenzhou12missioncrew2．（return）toearthatthedesignatedDongfenglandingsiteintheGobidesertonFriday,3．（mark）asuccessfulconclusionofthefirstcrewedmissionatthecountry'sspacestationbuildingstage.TheShenzhou12returnmoduleseparatedfromtheorbitingmoduleat12:43pmonFriday,then4．（follow）byasmoothseparationfromthepropellant,accordingtotheChinamannedspaceagency.Carryingthethree5．(taikonaut)—missionmanderNieHaishengandhisfellowmembers,LiuBomingandTangHongbo,thereturncapsuletoucheddownatthelandingsiteat1:34pm.Thehomeingheroesdidnothavetowaittoolong6．thesearchandrescueteamreachedthemaftertheirlanding.Theywereconfirmed7．goodconditionaftertheytoucheddown8．（safe）attheDongfenglandingsite.9．wholeprocesswassosmooththatTangHongbowasseenplayingwiththependuringtheprocessofreturningtoearth."Realgold10．（fear）nofire",NieHaishengj