2021-2022学年河北省泊头市闻知高级中学高一年级9月上旬教学质量检测试卷（解析版）VIP

2/22021-2022学年河北省泊头市闻知高级中学高一年级9月上旬教学质量检测试卷时间：100分钟分值：120分第I卷（选择题）第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACampecheisacitywithatumultuoushistory.OriginallythisareawassettledbytheMayans.ThefirstSpanishcolonizersarrivedin1517andestablishedCampecheasthemainportintheregion.Unsurprisingly,thismadeCampecheanattractivetargetforpirateswhofirstarrivedinthelate16century.Forthenext200years,Campechewasfrequentlyattacked.Nevertheless,itisadelightfulcityandfilledwithinterestingthingstodo.ExploretheoldcityofCampecheTherearealotofbeautifulrestoredoldtownsinMexico,butCampecheisoneofthenicest,cleanestandmostelegant.TheCampecheneighborhoodislovelyandcolorful,withneatsidewalksandsmoothlylaidoutroads!WanderalongtheCampecheMaleconOneofthenicestthingsaboutCampecheisitswaterfrontsetting.Thebestwaytoenjoythat?Wanderingalongthemalecon,orthewalkwayalongthewaterfront,justbeforesunset.Thisisthetimewhenitcoolsdownandeveryonecomesouttoseethingsandtobeseen.You'llseecouplesposingforphotographers,joggers,cyclists,elderlypeoplehavingconversationsandgroupsofteenagersgiggling.StopforaBiteatCalle59Calle59isapedestrian-onlystreetfilledwithoutdoortablesfromthesurroundingrestaurants.Youcancathereatnight,butalotofpeoplecomefordrinks.ThisistheoneplaceinCampechethatfeelstouristy—itstablesarefilledwithgiantbeersthatgetsharedamongmultiplepeoples.1．WhichofthefollowingsentencecanbestdescribeCampeche?A．Campechehasalargepopulation.B．Campecheisacitywithmixedheritage.C．Campechehasexperiencedyearsofcivilwar.D．Campecheonceappealedtopiratesforitsculture.2．What'sthebestthingforvisitorstodobeforesunset?A．Havinganicewalkalongthemalecon. B．EnjoyingtheatmosphereofCampeche.C．Drinkingbeersintherestaurants. D．Takingsomepicturesofthesunset.3．Ifyouwanttosensethetouristyatmospherethebestchoiceis_____________.A．Mexico. B．Calle59.C．TheCampecheneighborhood. D．TheCampecheMalecon.【答案】1．B2．A3．B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Campeche的城市历史，以及游览它的一些建议。1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Campecheisacitywithatumultuoushistory.OriginallythisareawassettledbytheMayans.ThefirstSpanishcolonizersarrivedin1517andestablishedCampecheasthemainportintheregion.Unsurprisingly,thismadeCampecheanattractivetargetforpirateswhofirstarrivedinthelate16century.Forthenext200years,Campechewasfrequentlyattacked.(坎佩切是一个有着动荡历史的城市。最初是玛雅人在这一地区定居。第一批西班牙殖民者于1517年抵达这里，并将坎佩切建立为该地区的主要港口。不出所意料，这使得坎佩切成为了16世纪晚期首次来到这里的海盗的一个有吸引力的目标。在接下来的200年里，坎佩切经常遭到袭击)”可推知，坎佩切是一个有着混合遗迹的城市。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据WanderalongtheCampecheMalecon部分中“Thebestwaytoenjoythat?Wanderingalongthemalecon,orthewalkwayalongthewaterfront,justbeforesunset.(最好的享受方式是什么？在日落之前，沿着河边的海滨大道漫步)”可知，日落前游客最好沿着海滨大道好好走一走。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Calle59isapedestrian-onlystreetfilledwithoutdoortablesfromthesurroundingrestaurants.Youcancathereatnight,butalotofpeoplecomefordrinks.ThisistheoneplaceinCampechethatfeelstouristy—itstablesarefilledwithgiantbeersthatgetsharedamongmultiplepeoples.(Calle59是一条步行街，到处都是周边餐厅的户外餐桌。你可以在晚上在这里吃饭，但是很多人来这里喝酒。这是坎佩切唯一一个游客常去的地方——它的桌子上摆满了可供多人分享的巨型啤酒)”可知，如果你想感受旅游的氛围，最好的选择是Calle59。故选B。BIn1998,peopleinNaDoi,aquietvillageinnorthwestThailand,noticedthattheirfishcatchesinthenearbyNgaoRiverweredeclining.Thefishtheydidmanagetonetwerealsogettingsmaller.Together,NaDoi’s75householdsdecidedtotryanewsolution:theywouldsetasideasmallstretchofrivertobestrictlyoff-limitstofishing.Therulesareusuallysimple:nofishingofanykindinanagreed-uponareamarkedbyflagsorsigns.Whilefreshwaterreserveswon’tsolveeverything,inplaceswherefishpopulationsareunderpressure,theycangivespeciesmuch-neededbreathingroomtorebuildtheirnumbers,ultimatelymakingthembetterabletoweatherotherenvironmentalproblems.NaDoiwasthesecondvillageintheNgaoRivervalleytoadoptthispioneeringapproachtofreshwaterfisheriesmanagement.Sincethelate1990s,atleast50othervillagestherehavedonethesame.Asawhole,theentirelygrassroots-ledreserveshavebeensurprisinglysuccessful,accordingtofindingsrecentlypublishedinNature.Mostimportantly,theThailandcaseprovidesprobablythebestreal-worldproofthatfisheriesreservescanbenefitnotjustoceans,butfreshwater,tooIn2012.AaronKoning,thenadoctoralstudentattheUniversityofWisconsin,beganinvestigatingtheNgaoRivervalleyreservestoseehowwidespreadandsuccessfultheytrulywere.Koningfound,notsurprisingly,thatolderandbiggerreservesweremoresuccessful,becausetheyofferedmoretimeandspace—includingmorekindsofhabitat—inwhichtorebuildfishpopulationsandre-establishrarespecies.Butevenreservesestablishedinthelastcoupleofyearsshowedclearbenefitsfrombeingsparedintensefishingpressure.“Reservesthatwerelocatedclosertoavillagetendedtohaveanadvantage,”Koningsays,“probablybecausevillagerswerebetterabletoenforcetherules.”Bycomparingdifferentsystemsandapproachesaroundtheworld,Koningandhiscolleagueshopetoidentifycommonfactorsforsuccessthatcouldbetailoredtodiverseriversandlakes.4．WhatdroveNaDoitocreatefreshwaterreserves?A．Thedecliningofthefreshwater.B．Thesuccessofthenearbyvillages.C．Theincreasingfishpopulations.D．Theworseningofthefishingconditions.5．WhatdoesthesuccessofThailandfreshwaterreservessuggest?A．Fisheriesreservesarehelpfulinfreshwater.B．Thailandisapioneerinfisheriesmanagement.C．TheThailandapproachhasbeenappliedworldwide.D．Manyfishspeciesneedtorebuildtheirnumbers,6．AaronKoningfoundreservesthat________weremoresuccessful.A．hadbetterrules B．werebiggerandolderC．hadmorefishpopulations D．werecreatedmorerecently7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Grassroots-ledReservesInspiretheWorldsB．FisheriesReservesBenefitThailandRiversC．InvestigatetheNgaoRiverValleyReservesD．NaDoiIsLeadingThailandtoaBetterFuture【答案】4．D5．A6．B7．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了泰国的一些农民在河流中设立淡水保护区来保护水域和渔业，并取得了良好的成效。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In1998,peopleinNaDoi,aquietvillageinnorthwestThailand,noticedthattheirfishcatchesinthenearbyNgaoRiverweredeclining.Thefishtheydidmanagetonetwerealsogettingsmaller.Together,NaDoi’s75householdsdecidedtotryanewsolution:theywouldsetasideasmallstretchofrivertobestrictlyoff-limitstofishing.(1998年，在泰国西北部一个安静的村庄纳多伊，人们注意到他们在附近的Ngao河上的渔获量正在下降。他们设法捕捉到的鱼也在变小。纳多伊的75户家庭决定一起尝试一种新的解决方案：他们将留出一小段河流，严格禁止捕鱼)”可知，由于渔民的捕鱼量数量下降，所以纳多伊预留出一小段河流禁止捕鱼。即捕鱼条件的恶化，促使纳多伊开始建立淡水保护区。故选D。5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Mostimportantly,theThailandcaseprovidesprobablythebestreal-worldproofthatfisheriesreservescanbenefitnotjustoceans,butfreshwater,too.(最重要的是，泰国的案例提供了可能是最好的真实世界的证据，证明渔业储备不仅可以使海洋受益，也可以使淡水受益)”可知，泰国的淡水保护区成功可以证明渔业储备可以让淡水受益。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Koningfound,notsurprisingly,thatolderandbiggerreservesweremoresuccessful(Koning发现，毫无疑问，更古老和更大的保护区更成功)”可知，Koning发现更古老和更大的保护区更成功。故选B。7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Together,NaDoi’s75householdsdecidedtotryanewsolution:theywouldsetasideasmallstretchofrivertobestrictlyoff-limitstofishing.(纳多伊的75户家庭决定一起尝试一种新的解决方案：他们将留出一小段河流，严格禁止捕鱼)”和文章第三段“Mostimportantly,theThailandcaseprovidesprobablythebestreal-worldproofthatfisheriesreservescanbenefitnotjustoceans,butfreshwater,too.(最重要的是，泰国的案例提供了可能是最好的真实世界的证据，证明渔业储备不仅可以使海洋受益，也可以使淡水受益)”可知，本文主要介绍了泰国的一些农民在河流中设立淡水保护区来保护水域和渔业，并取得了良好的成效。那么B项FisheriesReservesBenefitThailandRivers(渔业保护区对泰国河流有利)满足题意。故选B。CArttherapy（治疗）involvestheuseofcreativetechniquessuchasdrawing,painting,coloring,orsculptingtohelppeopleexpressthemselvesartisticallyandexaminethepsychologicalandemotionalundertones.Withtheguidanceofanarttherapist,clientscar"decode"thenonverbalmessagesintheseartforms,whichleadtoabetterunderstandingoftheirfeelingsandbehaviorsotheycanresolvedeeperissues.Arttherapyhelpspeopleexploretheiremotions,relievestress.improvesymptomsofanxietyanddepression,andcopewithaphysicalillnessordisability.Noartistictalentisnecessaryforarttherapytosucceed,becausethetherapeuticprocessisnotabouttheartisticvalueofthework,butratheraboutfindingassociationsbetweenthecreativechoicesmadeandaclient'sinnerlife.TheartworkcanbeusedasaspringboardforreawakeningmemoriesandtellingstoriesthatmayrevealmessagesandbeliefsfromtheunconsciousmindAswithanyformoftherapy,yourfirstsessionwillconsistofyourtalkingtothetherapistaboutwhyyouwanttofindhelpandlearningwhatthetherapisthastoofferTogether,youwillcomeupwithatreatmentplanthatinvolvescreatingsomeformofartwork.Onceyoubegincreating,thetherapistmay,attimes,simplyobserveyourprocessasyouwork,withoutinterrupting.Whenyouhavefinishedapieceofartwork—andsometimeswhileyouarestillworkingonit-thetherapistwillaskyouquestionsofhowyoufeelabouttheartisticprocess,whatiseasyordifficultaboutcreatingyourartwork,andwhatthoughtsormemoriesyoumighthavehadwhileyouareworking.Generally,thetherapistwillaskaboutyourexperienceandfeelingsbeforeprovidinganyobservations.Arttherapyisfoundedonthebeliefthatself-expressionthroughartisticcreationhastherapeuticvalueforthosewhoarehealingorseekingdeeperunderstandingofthemselvesandtheirpersonalities.Arttherapistsaretrainedtounderstandtherolesthatvariousartmedialikecolorcanplayinthetherapeuticprocessandhowthesetoolscanhelprevealone'sthoughts,feelings,andpsychologicaldisposition.8．Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toteachpeopletobearttherapists.B．Toexplaintheoriginofarttherapy.C．Topraisethedevotionoftherapists.D．Topopularizeknowledgeofarttherapy.9．Whichofthefollowingmattersleastinthetherapeuticprocess?A．Thestyleofthework. B．Theemotionsoftheclient.C．Thememoriesoftheclient. D．Theartisticvalueofthework.10．Whatdoesthearttherapist'sconclusionmainlydependon?A．Theclient'squestions. B．Theclient'sexplanations.C．Thetherapist'sfeelings D．Thelengthoftheartisticprocess.11．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Littletrainingisneededtobecomeanarttherapist.B．Choicesofartelementsreflectpeople'sinnerworld.C．Arttherapistsneedtohavestrongbeliefinthemselves.D．Clientsarerequiredtousedifferenttoolstoshowthemselves.【答案】8．D9．D10．B11．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了艺术治疗的相关概念、内容、作用和方法。8．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Arttherapyinvolvestheuseofcreativetechniquessuchasdrawing,painting,coloring,orsculptingtohelppeopleexpressthemselvesartisticallyandexaminethepsychologicalandemotionalundertones.（艺术治疗包括使用创造性的技术，如绘画，绘画，着色，或雕塑，以帮助人们表达自己的艺术和检查心理和情感的潜调。）”可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是为了普及艺术治疗的知识。故选D。9．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Noartistictalentisnecessaryforarttherapytosucceed,becausethetherapeuticprocessisnotabouttheartisticvalueofthework,butratheraboutfindingassociationsbetweenthecreativechoicesmadeandaclient'sinnerlife.（艺术治疗的成功并不需要艺术天赋，因为治疗的过程不是关于作品的艺术价值，而是关于寻找创造性选择与客户的内心生活之间的联系。）可知，在治疗过程中，作品的艺术价值最不重要。故选D。10．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Onceyoubegincreating,thetherapistmay,attimes,simplyobserveyourprocessasyouwork,withoutinterrupting.Whenyouhavefinishedapieceofartwork—andsometimeswhileyouarestillworkingonit-thetherapistwillaskyouquestionsofhowyoufeelabouttheartisticprocess（一旦你开始创造，治疗师有时会在你工作的时候观察你的过程，而不会打断你。当你完成了一件艺术作品——有时当你还在做的时候——治疗师会问你对艺术过程的感觉如何）可知，在客户进行艺术创作的过程中，治疗师可能会观察和提问，在之后也会询问很多问题。以及最后一句“Generally,thetherapistwillaskaboutyourexperienceandfeelingsbeforeprovidinganyobservations.（通常，治疗师会在提供任何观察之前询问你的经验和感受。）可推知，艺术治疗师的结论主要取决于客户的解释。故选B。11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Arttherapistsaretrainedtounderstandtherolesthatvariousartmedialikecolorcanplayinthetherapeuticprocessandhowthesetoolscanhelprevealone'sthoughts，feelings,andpsychologicaldisposition.（艺术治疗师接受培训，了解各种艺术媒介(如颜色)在治疗过程中所扮演的角色，以及这些工具如何帮助揭示一个人的思想、感情和心理倾向。）”可以推断出艺术元素的选择反映了人的内心世界。故选B。DNowadaysmedicaltechnologyseemstobeadvancedenoughfordoctorstoperformbraintransplants(移植).Thoughthisprocedurehasonlybeensuccessfullyperformedonanimalssofar,doctorsarestillhopingtoperformthisprocedureonhumans.However,inmyopinion,braintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumansbecauseofthelargenumberofproblemsandsideeffectsthatcouldcomealongwith.Hopefullythesedangeroussideeffectswillconvincedoctorsnottoperformthisprocedureonhumans.Despitemanybenefitstechnologybrings,Idonotthinkthismedicaltechnologyofbraintransplantswillhelp.Wewereallbornwithonebrainandthroughchildhoodtoadolescenceourminddevelopedintowhoweare,soifwithadifferentbrainwewouldnolongerbeunique.Apersonwithadifferentbrainwouldseemtobeatotalstrangerandinmanywaystheywouldbe.Nooneshouldstealouridentityfromus,evenifweareseriouslyinjured,andchangeittoacompletelynewone.Alsoforthepeoplewhohavediedwithhealthybrains,thatwastheiridentityanditshouldnotbegiventoanyoneelse.Anotherproblemwithbraintransplantsishowdoctorscanchoosewhatare“healthy”or“normal”brains.Anelderlypersonwhohasdiedwouldhaveanagedbrainthatwouldnotbeasefficientasayoungerperson’sbrain.Thenwoulddoctorshavetofindhealthybrainsofthesameageasthepersonwhoneedsit?Thiscouldalsobringupotherfactorssuchasintelligence,gender,orphysicalproblemsthatapersonmighthavehadbeforedeath.Alsoanotherproblemmightbehowlongabraincanbekept“alive”afterdeathandhowitcanbekept“alive”withoutdamage.Overall,myfeelingsaboutthissurgeryarethatitshouldnotbedoneonhumansuntildoctorshaveovercomealltheproblemsandobstacles(障碍)thatstandintheirwayofmakinghumanbraintransplantssuccessful.12．Whydoestheauthorthinkbraintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall?A．Thecostofthesurgeryisextremelyhigh.B．Doctorsarenotabletoperformbraintransplants.C．Agoodmanyproblemsandsideeffectsmayarise.D．Thisprocedurehasonlybeensuccessfulonanimals.13．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Peopleshouldn’tgivetheirhealthybrainstoothers.B．Havingabraintransplantmeanslosingone’sidentity.C．Transplantingbrainsischangingoldbrainsintonewones.D．Havingbraintransplantsindicatesstealingidentityfromothers.14．Whatdoweknowabout“healthy”brains?A．Agedbrainsaren’thealthybrains. B．Youngbrainsarealwayshealthy.C．Healthybrainscannotbekept“alive”. D．It’sverydifficulttotellhealthybrains.15．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Toencouragebraindonation.B．Tostresstheimportanceofbrainoperation.C．Toargueagainstbraintransplantsonhumans.D．Tointroducethetechnologyofbraintransplants.【答案】12．C13．B14．D15．C【解析】这是一篇议论文。虽然医疗技术越来越发达，在动物身上已经成功实施了脑部移植，但是作者认为不应该进行脑部移植，尤其是人类脑部移植。12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“However,inmyopinion,braintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumansbecauseofthelargenumberofproblemsandsideeffectsthatcouldcomealongwith.”可知，作者认为完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上，因为可能会随之而来大量的问题和副作用。故选C项。13．段落大意题。根据第二段内容，尤其是“Wewereallbornwithonebrainandthroughchildhoodtoadolescenceourminddevelopedintowhoweare,soifwithadifferentbrainwewouldnolongerbeunique.(我们生来都只有一个大脑，从童年到青年，我们的思想逐渐形成现在的自己，所以如果我们有个不同的大脑，我们将不再独特)”及“Alsoforthepeoplewhohavediedwithhealthybrains,thatwastheiridentityanditshouldnotbegiventoanyoneelse.(同样，对于有健康大脑而去世的人，那是他们的身份，不应该给其他任何人)”可知，第二段主要讲做脑部移植意味着失去自己的身份，故选B项。14．细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Anotherproblemwithbraintransplantsishowdoctorscanchoosewhatare“healthy”or“normal”brains.(脑部移植的另一个问题是，医生如何选择什么是“健康的”或者“正常的”大脑)可知，很难辨别“健康的”大脑。故选D项。15．推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段中作者提出自己的观点“inmyopinion,braintransplantsshouldnotbeperformedatall,especiallynotonhumans(我认为，完全不应该做脑部移植手术，尤其是在人类身上)”，接下来具体分析为什么不赞成脑部移植，最后一段作者再次强调“itshouldnotbedoneonhumans…(它不应该在人类身上实施……)”，所以本文的目的是反对人类脑部移植。故选C项。Unitthe1980s,scientistsweretrainedtoignoreanimalpain,accordingtothebeliefthattheabilitytofeelpainwasassociatedonlywithhigherconsciousness.However,today,scientistsviewhumansasaspeciesofanimals,andlargelyacceptthatmanyspeciesarecapableofsomelevelofself-awareness.16．Ifyouhitanotherpersonintheface,youcanestimatetheirpainlevelbywhattheydoorsayinresponse.17．Gradually,scientistshavedevelopedasetofindicatorsofpainresponseinnon-humananimals.Demonstratingaresponsetoanegativestimulationanddisplayingprotectivebehaviorofinjuredareasaretwomajorsigns.18．Someresearchersarguelobsters(龙虾)aretoodissimilartovertebrates(脊椎动物)tofeelpain.Nonetheless,lobstersdosatisfyallofthestandardsforapainresponse.Lobstersguardtheirinjuries,andlearntoavoiddangeroussituations.Theyareevenbelievedtopossesssomelevelofconsciousness.Inresult,todaymostscientistsagreethatinjuringalobstercausesphysicalpain.Duetogrowingevidencethatthelobstersmayfeelpain,itisnowillegaltoboillobstersaliveorkeepthemoniceinsomecountries.Eveninlocationswhereboilinglobstersremainslegal,manyrestaurantsprefermorehumanemethods.19．Tosatisfypickydiners,morerestaurantsruleoutthecruelcookingmethods.Currently,themosthumanetoolforcookingalobsteristheCrustaStun.Thisdeviceelectrocutes(电击)alobster.20．Thefollowingprocessofcookingissuretocausenopain.Incontrast,ittakesabout2minutesforalobstertodiefromboilingwaterduringwhichtimepainlasts.A．Buthugedisagreementexists.B．Thecreatureinstantlylosesconsciousnessinhalfasecond.C．Itbeatstheformermethodbysavingchefs’effortincleaningthecreature.D．It’sdifficulttoassesspaininotherspeciesbecausewecannotcommunicateaseasily.E.Peoplearecomingtorealizethatotherspeciesmightalsoenjoytheluxuryofemotion.F.Exceptformoralconsideration,manychefsbelievestressnegativelyaffectstheflavor(味道)ofthemeat.G.Legalprohibitionbecomesthemajorconsiderationforrestaurantswhenchoosingacookingmethod.【答案】16．E17．D18．A19．F20．B【解析】这是一篇说明文。今天，科学家把人类看作是一种动物，并在很大程度上接受许多物种都有一定程度的自我意识。人们开始意识到其他物种也可能拥有情感。接着文章以龙虾为例，论述了两种不同的观点：一种认为龙虾不能感觉到疼痛；一种认为龙虾受伤会引起身体疼痛。由于越来越多的证据表明龙虾可能会感到疼痛，在一些国家，活煮龙虾或把龙虾放在冰上是非法的。而餐厅除了道德上的考虑，也为了保持食物的口感，在烹饪龙虾前会将其电晕，再对其进行没有任何痛苦的烹饪。16．根据上文today,scientistsviewhumansasaspeciesofanimals,andlargelyacceptthatmanyspeciesarecapableofsomelevelofself-awareness.可知今天，科学家把人类看作是一种动物，并在很大程度上接受了许多物种都有一定程度的自我意识。这是人们逐渐意识到其他物种也可能享受情感。故选E。17．根据下文Gradually,scientistshavedevelopedasetofindicatorsofpainresponseinnon-humananimals.可知科学家们开发了一套非人类动物疼痛反应的指标。这是因为我们不容易和其它动物之间交流，所以很难评估其他物种的疼痛。故选D。18．根据后文Someresearchersarguelobsters(龙虾)aretoodissimilartovertebrates(脊椎动物)tofeelpain.可知一些研究人员认为龙虾和脊椎动物太不相似了，所以不能感觉到疼痛。与本段最后一句Inresult,todaymostscientistsagreethatinjuringalobstercausesphysicalpain.（今天大多数科学家都认为龙虾受伤会引起身体疼痛。）两者观点完全不一致，是存在巨大分歧的。故选A。19．根据下文Tosatisfypickydiners,morerestaurantsruleoutthecruelcookingmethods.（为了满足挑剔的食客，更多的餐馆排除了残忍的烹饪方法。）可知本空是叙述这一行为的原因是：除了道德上的考虑，许多厨师认为压力会对肉的味道产生负面影响。故选F。20．根据下文Thefollowingprocessofcookingissuretocausenopain.（接下来的烹调过程肯定不会引起疼痛。）因此可知龙虾是因为电击立刻失去了知觉，所以没有痛苦，故选B。第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Supposeyouhaveaticketforanexcitingfilmwhichyouwanttoseeverymuch,but21，therewillbeanexamtomorrow.Whatwillyoudo?Seethefilmorstudyfortheexam?Ifyoucan22seeingthefilmandworkhardatyourlessons,it23thatyouhaveself-control.Self-controlisnotsomethingyouhave24birth.Itneedstobedevelopedinyourlife.Often,youngchildrenwilleasilybe25whentheirneedsorwishesarenotmetatonce.26daily,childrenseealotoffood,toysandactivitiesthatare27tothem.Manytimeschildrendonotknowhowtodealwiththeirfrustration(沮丧)whentheyare28"no"or"later".Also,sometimesyoungchildrendonot29whytheyarenotallowedtodosomething.Inordertohavepositiveexperiencesathomeandinschool,childrenneed30tolearnproperlydealwiththeirfeelings31theycannotgetsomething.Theseskillswill32children'sself-control.Don'tgotobedlatebecauseofaniceTVprogram,33youmaygotoschoollate,anditisawasteof34Everyoneofushassomehobbies,afewofwhichmaykeepusfrommaking35inlife.Wemustuseourself-controltobecomefreeofthem.21．A．unluckily B．finally C．usually D．simply22．A．turnup B．turnout C．giveup D．giveaway23．A．reminds B．means C．warns D．introduces24．A．of B．in C．by D．at25．A．satisfied B．disappointed C．interested D．shocked26．A．Almost B．Just C．Only D．Then27．A．attractive B．similar C．expensive D．strange28．A．asked B．told C．taken D．heard29．A．agree B．hope C．understand D．believe30．A．languages B．customs C．subjects D．skills31．A．whether B．until C．when D．before32．A．divide B．produce C．create D．develop33．A．so B．but C．or D．and34．A．money B．time C．ability D．energy35．A．experiments B．preparations C．sense D．progress【答案】21．A22．C23．B24．D25．B26．A27．A28．B29．C30．D31．C32．D33．C34．B35．D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了什么是自控能力，以及这个能力对于我们的重要性。21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：假设你有一张你非常想看的、激动人心的电影票，但不幸的是，明天有考试。A.unluckily不幸地；B.finally最终；C.usually通常；D.simply只是，简单地。根据下文“therewillbeanexamtomorrow”可知，第二天有考试对于想要看电影的人来说是不幸的事。故选A。22．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你能放弃看电影，努力学习功课，这意味着你有自制力。A.turnup调大，出现；B.turnout结果是，证明是；C.giveup放弃；D.giveaway赠送。根据“workhardatyourlessons”可知，为了准备考试而努力学习，放弃了看电影。故选C。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你能放弃看电影，努力学习功课，这意味着你有自制力。A.reminds提醒；B.means意味着；C.warns警告；D.introduces介绍。为了准备考试放弃看电影并且努力学习，这就意味着有自控能力。故选B。24．考查介词词义辨析。句意：自我控制不是与生俱来的。A.of的；B.in在……里面；C.by靠，通过；D.at在（某时间或某地点）。atbirth为固定短语，意为“在出生时”。根据“Itneedstobedevelopedinyourlife.”（它需要在你的生活中得到发展。）可知，自控能力不是与生俱来的。故选D。25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当孩子们的需要或愿望没有立即得到满足时，他们常常很容易失望。A.satisfied满意的；B.disappointed失望的；C.interested感兴趣的；D.shocked震惊的。根据“whentheirneedsorwishesarenotmetatonce.”可知，当需求或者愿望没有得到满足时，会感到失望。故选B。26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：孩子们几乎每天都能看到很多吸引他们的食物、玩具和活动。A.Almost几乎；B.Just仅仅，只是；C.Only仅仅；D.Then然后。对应上文的“often”，此处表示几乎每天孩子们都会看到很多东西。故选A。27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：孩子们几乎每天都能看到很多吸引他们的食物、玩具和活动。A.attractive吸引人的；B.similar相似的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.strange奇怪的。结合常识和上文提到“lotoffood,toysandactivities”可知，食物、玩具和玩乐对孩子来说是有吸引力的。故选A。28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多时候，当孩子们被告知“不”或“以后”时，他们不知道该如何处理他们的挫折感。A.asked问；B.told告诉；C.taken拿走；D.heard听说。根据“childrendonotknowhowtodealwiththeirfrustration”可知，孩子被家长告知“不”，所以很沮丧。故选B。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：而且，有时小孩子不明白为什么他们不被允许做某事。A.agree同意；B.hope希望；C.understand理解；D.believe相信。对应上文的“childrendonotknow”可知，此处表示孩子不明白为什么有些事不能做。故选C。30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了在家里和学校有积极的体验，孩子们需要学习正确处理他们得不到东西时的感受的技能。A.languages语言；B.customs习俗；C.subjects学科，主题；D.skills技巧。根据下文的“Theseskills”可知，此处为“skill”的词汇复现。故选D。31．考查从属连词辨析。句意：为了在家里和学校有积极的体验，孩子们需要学习正确处理他们得不到东西时的感受的技能。A.whether是否；B.until直到；C.when当……时候；D.before在……之前。此处表示当孩子得不到一些东西时，需要学习恰当地处理自己的感受。故选C。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些技能会培养孩子的自制力。A.divide划分，分割；B.produce生产；C.create创造；D.develop发展。根据上文“childrenneedskillstolearnproperlydealwiththeirfeelings”可知，这些技能能培养孩子的自制力。故选D。33．考查并列连词辨析。句意：不要因为一个好看的电视节目而晚睡，否则你可能上学晚了，这是浪费时间。A.so因此；B.but但是；C.or或者，否则；D.and和。上下文之间是转折关系。故选C。34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要因为一个好看的电视节目而晚睡，否则你可能上学晚了，这是浪费时间。A.money钱；B.time时间；C.ability能力；D.energy精力，能量。对于学生来说，因为看电视很晚导致上学迟到，这是在浪费时间。故选B。35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们每个人都有一些爱好，其中一些可能会阻碍我们在生活中取得进步。A.experiments试验；B.preparations准备；C.sense意识，感官；D.progress进步，进展。根据下文的“Wemustuseourself-controltobecomefreeofthem.”可知，此处是指一些不好的东西，而“阻止我们取得进步”符合语境，makeprogress为固定短语，意为“取得进步”。故选D。第=2\*ROMANII卷（非选择题）第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Iwillneverforget-myfirstassignmentasaforeignreporterinBraziltocovertheRioCarnival.ItisoneofBrazil'slargestcultural36．(event),drawinguptotwomilliontouriststoRioeveryyear.IwasoutonthestreetsonthefirstdayoftheCarnival,37．(arm)withmycameraandnotebook,readytodosomework.Beingthere38．(be)aconstantassault(冲击)onmysenses.Hundredsofpeopleweresinginganddancing,39．Braziliansambamusicfillingtheair.Iwanderedforhours,fromoneblockpartytoanother.Atonepoint,someoneoffered40．(trade)meanalcoholicbeverage(饮料)andagoldenfeatheredheaddressformy,camera.I’mstillnotsurewhy,butIagreedtothedeal.Itwas41．(probable)aquestionofgettingsweptupintheCarnivalspirit.Unfortunately,mybossdidnotacceptthis42．(explain),soIhadtopayfor43．newcameraintheend.Itwasworthit,though.Istillhavethatgoldenheaddress,as44．remindsmeofthoseunforgettabledays.TheRioCarnivaliswithoutdoubtsomething45．everyoneshouldaddtohisorherbucketlist.【答案】36．events37．armed38．was39．with40．totrade41．probably42．explanation43．a44．it45．that【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在巴西狂欢节上作为一名外国记者的难忘的经历。36．考查名词复数。句意：它是巴西最大的文化活动之一，每年吸引多达200万游客前来参观。oneof+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”是英语习惯表达，故用名词event的复数形式合乎逻辑。故填events。37．考查非谓语动词。句意：狂欢节的第一天，我带着相机和笔记本上街，准备干点活。分析句子可知，空格处为非谓语，动词arm“装备”和主语I之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词，作状语。故填armed。38．考查be动词的时态和数。句意：在那里，我的感官一直受到攻击。动名词短语Beingthere作主语，谓语动词用单数；根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填was。39．考查介词。句意：数百人载歌载舞，空气中弥漫着巴西桑巴舞音乐。介词with接复合宾语，句中with+名词+现在分词，作状语，表示伴随，符合句意和语法。故填with。40．考查非谓语动词。句意：有一次，有人提出用一杯酒精饮料和一个金色羽毛头饰换我的相机。offertodosth“主动提出做某事”是动词习惯用法，不定式作宾语。故填totrade。41．考查副词。句意：这可能是一个被狂欢节的精神所淹没的问题。修饰整个句子，应用probable的副词形式。故填probably。42．考查名词。句意：不幸的是，我的老板不接受这个解释，所以最后我不得不花钱买了一个新相机。根据空格前的acceptthis可知，此处应用explain的名词explanation单数形式作宾语。故填explanation。43．考查冠词。句意：不幸的是，我的老板不接受这个解释，所以最后我不得不花钱买了一个新相机。根据句意可知，这里泛指“一个新相机”，newcamera应用不定冠词限定，因所连接的单词new以辅音音素开头，故填a。44．考查代词。句意：但这是值得的。我仍然留着那个金色的头饰，因为它让我想起了那些难忘的日子。分析句子，根据句意可知，此处连词as后应用代词it作主语，指前面的事物thatgoldenheaddress。故填it。45．考查定语从句。句意：毫无疑问，狂欢节是每个人都应该添加到他或她的愿望清单上的东西。分析句子可知，空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为不定代词something，故用关系代词that引导从句，在从句中作宾语。故填that。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节书面表达（满分15分）46．假如你是李华，上周日下午在你校排球场上举行了排球比赛决赛(thevolleyballfinal)，请你为校英语报写一份报道，内容如下:1.赛程回顾:2.赛后反响。注意:1.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯:2.词数80左右，标题已给出，不计入总词数。TheVolleyballFinal_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________