2024-2025学年天津市红桥区高一下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1天津市红桥区2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题第I卷（选择题，三部分，共70分）第一部分:听力（略）第二部分:英语知识运用（共两节,满分25分）第一节:单项填空（共10小题；每小题1分,满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.—Dad,Ifeelverynervouswiththecompetitionapproaching.—________.Itisanhonortotakepartinit.A.Takeyourtime B.TakeiteasyC.Noproblem D.It'shardtosay【答案】B【详析】考查情景交际。句意：——爸爸，竞赛要来了我感到很紧张。——放轻松，重在参与。A.Takeyourtime抓紧时间；B.Takeiteasy放轻松；C.Noproblem没问题；D.It'shardtosay很难说。根据后文Itisanhonortotakepartinit.可知是指放轻松。故选B。2.________bygradualblindnesssoonaftertheperformance,Tomwasstillabletowritesomeexcellentworks.A.Havingaffected B.Tobeaffected C.Affected D.Affecting【答案】C【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：虽然表演之后受到逐渐失明的影响，汤姆依然写出一些优秀的作品。A.Havingaffected影响了（现在分词的完成时）；B.Tobeaffected受影响（将来时的被动语态）；C.Affected受影响（过去分词）；D.Affecting影响（现在分词）。分析可知，Tom与空处为被动关系，且空后有介词by，空处应为过去分词作状语，故选C项。3.Napoleonwasdeterminedtodefeatthetwoarmiesagainsthimbut______failed.A.fortunately B.typically C.ultimately D.originally【答案】C【详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：拿破仑决心打败两支反对他的军队，但最终失败了。A.fortunately幸运的是；B.typically通常；C.ultimately最终；D.originally最初。由failed可知，句子表示“拿破仑决心打败两支反对他的军队，但最终失败了”，空格处意为“最终”。故选C。4.Thenewpresidentofthecollegeistryinghisbestto______theexpectationsofthestudents.A.liveupto B.getacross C.pickup D.turnto【答案】A【详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这所学院的新校长正在尽力达到学生们的期望。A.liveupto达到，不辜负；B.getacross使明白；C.pickup捡起，学会；D.turnto求助于。根据空后的theexpectations可知，此处意为“不辜负某人的期望”，表达为liveuptoone’sexpectations，故应用短语liveupto，故选A。5.Wepackedallthebooksintheboxes_____theywouldn’tgetdamaged.A.asif B.sothat C.incase D.evenif【答案】B【详析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我们把所有的书都打包放进箱子里以便它们不会被毁坏。A.asif仿佛，好像；B.sothat以便，为了；C.incase以防，万一；D.evenif即使。根据语境可知，此处是指“为了不让书毁坏”才把它们装进木盒子，应用sothat引导目的状语从句。故选B项。6.Theyoungmanplanstopursueacareerinthe__________oflawwhenhegraduatesfromuniversity.A.destination B.profession C.involvement D.literature【答案】B【详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人计划大学毕业后从事法律职业。A.destination目的地；B.profession职业；C.involvement参与；D.literature文学。根据句意，此处表示“职业”用profession。故选B。7.Globalwarmingcouldpatcoastalcitiesunderwateranddriveoverhalfofallspeciesto______.A.emotion B.movement C.damage D.extinction【答案】D【详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：全球变暖可能会将沿海城市淹没在水下，并导致一半以上的物种灭绝。A.emotion情绪；B.movement运动；C.damage损害；D.extinction灭绝。根据“Globalwarmingcouldpatcoastalcitiesunderwater”可知，全球变暖的影响可能极其严重，以至于能导致超过一半的物种走向灭绝。故选D。8.The_______boywaslastseen_______neartheEastLake.A.missing;playing B.missing;playC.missed;played D.missed;toplay【答案】A【详析】考查形容词词义辨析及非谓语动词。句意：那个失踪的男孩最后一次被看到时正在东湖附近玩。根据语境，第一空为形容词missing“丢失的”，做定语修饰名词；第二空是主语补足语，因其后有明确的地点，补足语表示动作当时正在进行中，所以只能使用playing。也就是说，这里使用的是seesb.doingsth.这一结构，而不是seesb.dosth.这一结构。故选A。9.Withsummerjust______,it’stimetothinkaboutgettingintoshape.A.intheway B.atthecorner C.inthedistance D.aroundthecorner【答案】D【详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：夏天即将来临，是时候考虑一下如何塑形了。A.intheway阻碍，妨碍；B.atthecorner在拐角处；C.inthedistance在远处；D.aroundthecorner即将来临。由“it’stimetothinkaboutgettingintoshape”可知，句子表示“夏天即将来临，是时候考虑一下如何塑形了”，空格处意为“即将来临”，故选D。10.______NeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafootballtotheMoon,wecouldevensaythatitisalsothemostpopularsportoutofthisworld.A.Resultin B.Dueto C.Giventhat D.Aswellas【答案】C【详析】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：考虑到NeilArmstrong曾想带足球去月球，我们甚至可以说足球也是地球外最受欢迎的运动。A.Resultin导致；B.Dueto因为；C.Giventhat考虑到；D.Aswellas除……之外。根据空后“NeilArmstrongwantedtotakeafootballtotheMoon”为一个完整的句子可知，此处应用giventhat引导原因状语从句，其余的都为介词短语，不能直接引导句子，故选C。第二节:完型填空（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。Fiveyearsago,Ilivedinthecountryside,whoseroadwasextremelyterrible.EveryeveningwhenIwasawayfromhomeonbusiness,mylittleboywouldask___11___ofhismothertotakehisblackdogandhisdaddy'swalkingsticktomakethehalf-milejourneyfromthehousetothefencewhich___12___thebeginningofthedirtydriveway.Oneday,Iwasbusywithmybusinessandwas___13___foraboutanhour,completelyforgettingaboutthefaithfullittleboydowntheroadwhomightbe___14___forhisdaddy.Onmywayhome,therainwassoheavythatIcouldnot___15___tenfeetinfrontofme.AllIcould___16___wasfinishingmyjourneyandgettingoutoftherain.___17___,thedownpourbegantoabate(减弱).Itwasonlydrizzle(毛毛细雨)bythetimemycarturnedthelast___18___andapproachedthefinalstreetbetweenmeandawarmhomewithnicemeal.AllofasuddenIcaughtsightofmylittleboy,whowas___19___anumbrellainonehand,awalkingstickintheother,andwaswearingthebiggestandmostbeautifulsmileevertolightenthe___20___ofthelittleboy.AsIstoppedthecarand___21___thedoor,heranintomyarmsandheldmelongandhard.Hewaswetand___22___withcold,buthenevermentionedtherain,northehour-longwait.Hesimplysaid,“Daddy,Imissedyou.Iamsogladyouarehome.”Lastyear,we___23___toawonderfulnewhomeprovidedforaspecialseasoninourlives.Wenolongerhavealongcountryroad.___24___,Ihaveneverforgottentherainydayandthelittleboyandhisblackdog.Often,perhapsathousandtimes,that___25___hasappearedinmymind.Likealleventsinourlives,ithappensonce,andmustbetreasured.11.A.order B.praise C.permission D.likes12.A.marked B.explained C.discovered D.described13.A.controlled B.trained C.bothered D.delayed14.A.searching B.sending C.waiting D.calling15.A.see B.drive C.feel D.hear16.A.thinkof B.stickto C.pickup D.holdout17.A.Infact B.Atlast C.Atonce D.Insurprise18.A.moment B.way C.street D.corner19.A.opening B.holding C.finding D.lifting20.A.body B.head C.hand D.face21.A.closed B.locked C.opened D.knocked22.A.worrying B.crying C.complaining D.trembling23.A.traveled B.turned C.returned D.moved24.A.However B.Besides C.Otherwise D.Therefore25.A.scene B.time C.act D.sight【答案】11.C12.A13.D14.C15.A16.A17.B18.D19.B20.D21.C22.D23.D24.A25.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了五年前，作者住在乡下时，每天晚上很小的儿子都要牵着狗，拿着爸爸拐杖去篱笆门那边接爸爸的亲情故事。特别是一个下大雨的晚上的情景，让作者记忆尤深，时常想起。【详析】1.考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天晚上当我出差不在家的时候，我的小男孩都会请求妈妈允许他牵着他的狗，拿着爸爸的拐杖，去离房子半英里外的篱笆那里等爸爸，这里也是标志着脏乱的车道开始的地方。A.order命令；B.praise表扬；C.permission允许；D.likes喜欢。根据上文的“whoseroadwasextremelyterrible.”和“Everyevening”可知，居住环境不好又是晚上，所以小孩需要征求妈妈的同意，askpermissionofsb.todosth.意为“请求某人允许做某事”。符合句意，故选C。2.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.marked标志；B.explained解释；C.discovered发现；D.described描述。根据“thebeginningofthedirtydriveway”可知这里意思是“标志着”通向家这段脏路的开始。故选A。3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我因事耽搁了大约一个小时，完全忘记了那个可能正在路边等他爸爸的忠实的小男孩。A.controlled控制；B.trained训练；C.bothered麻烦；D.delayed耽误。根据下文的“大约一个小时”判断，他是被生意耽误了。故选D。4.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.searching搜索；B.sending发送；C.waiting等待；D.calling喊。根据下文的“northehour－longwait”，可知此处指孩子在等待他的父亲。故选C。5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我回家的路上，雨下得太大了，以至于我看不到我前面十英尺的东西。A.see看见；B.drive开车；C.feel感觉；D.hear听见。根据上文的“therainwassothick”可知，此处是指雨下得很大，挡住了视线，看不到前面10英尺远的地方。故选A。6.考查短语词义辨析。句意：我满脑子想的都是结束我的旅程，避雨。A.thinkof想到；B.stickto坚持；C.pickup捡起；D.holdout坚持。根据“wasfinishingmyjourneyandgettingoutoftherain.”可知这是我心中所想，此处用“我只想……”与前面的“完全忘记”相呼应。故选A。7.考查短语词义辨析。句意：最后，倾盆大雨开始减弱。A.Infact事实上；B.Atlast最后；C.Atonce立刻；D.Insurprise吃惊地。根据语境可知，此处指最后雨减弱了。故选B。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的车转过最后一个拐角，走到我和一个有丰富的晚餐的温暖的家庭之间的最后一条街时，天已经下起了毛毛细雨。A.moment时刻；B.way方法，路；C.street街道；D.corner拐角处。由后半句（我与家以及丰盛的晚餐的最后一段路）也可知，作者刚拐了一个弯，开启新的一段路。故选D。9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然我看到了我的小男孩，他一手拿着雨伞，一手拿着手杖，脸上挂着有史以来最大最美的笑容，让小男孩的脸变得更加明亮。A.opening打开；B.holding持有，保持；C.finding发现；D.lifting举起。根据下文“anumbrellainonehand”，表示“举着伞”短语为holdanumbrella。故选B。10.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.body身体；B.head头；C.hand手；D.face脸。结合上文“mostbeautifulsmileevertolighten...”可知儿子此时看到了作者回来，所以面带笑容。故选D。11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我停下车，打开车门时，他跑进我的怀里，紧紧地抱住我。A.closed关闭；B.locked上锁；C.opened打开；D.knocked敲。根据上文“AsIstoppedthecar”及下文“heranintomyarmsandheldmelongandhard”，可知此处指我打开车门。故选C。12.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他浑身湿透了，冻得发抖，但是他没有提到雨，更没有提到这一个小时的等候。A.worrying担心；B.crying哭；C.complaining抱怨；D.trembling发抖。结合上文“Hewaswet”，可知他浑身湿透了，冻得发抖（tremble）。故选D。13.考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，我们搬到了一个很棒的新家，为我们的生活准备了一个特别的季节。A.traveled长途旅行；B.turned转动；C.returned返回；D.moved搬家，移动。根据下文中“Wenolongerhavealongcountryroad.”可知，作者搬了家。故选D。14.考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我从没有忘记那个雨天，小男孩和他的黑狗。A.However然而；B.Besides此外，以及；C.Otherwise否则，另外；D.Therefore因而，因此。结合语境可知前后句之间是转折关系，应用however。故选A。15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个场景常常出现在我的脑海里，可能有一千次。A.scene场面，情景；B.time时间；C.act行为；D.sight风景，景象。此空格与上句中的“therainydayandthelittleboyandhisblackdog”呼应，是一个场面。故选A。第三部分:阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分；满分30分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳答案。AHomestayinSydney,AustraliaLinda：OurlargehouseisinSydney，about200metersfromMacquarieUniversityand400metersfromthetrainstation.Thetrainrideisabout30minutestotheCBD.Nowweonlyhaveasmallbedroomforafemalestudent.Thecostis$260perweek,whichincludesallmealswhenathomeandlaundering(洗烫)ofclothes.E­mail：markalarms@.auJohn：Ihavealovelysingleroomforhomestay(male,non­smokersonly).Theapartmentislocatedacrosstheroadfromabusstation.Asportsfieldisonlyatwo­minutewalkaway.Theroomisforbothshortandlongstays.Thecostis$220perweek,includingbreakfastandlunchonweekdays.Thereisnowashingmachineathome.Doyourownlaundryintheapartmentblock’sfacilities.E­mail:ainsley_gilkes@.auEric：Iliveinthenorthernsuburbs(郊区)ofSydney—quietforstudyingandrelaxing,yetclosetoMacquarieUniversity&NCELTR&SIBT.Thesubwaystationisnearby.AllfacilitiesofthehouseincludingalivingroomwithaTVcanbeused.Ownersareveryopenandfriendly,andtreatstudentsaspartofthefamily.Thepricesincludeallmeals(breakfast，lunchanddinner)andcleaning.Thefeeis$300perweek.E­mail:mineanny@Rose：Hi，everyone！Ihaveoneroomforhomestay(girlstudentsonly)inahousewhichisveryclosetoMacquarieUniversity(SIBT)&WSUinthenortherndistrictofSydney.Thereisabusstationacrosstheroad.Traveltimetothecenterofthecityis40minutesbytrain.Weonlyhaveonehomestayatatime.Therefore,ourfamilycantakegoodcareofyou.Thefeeis$230perweek.Wearelookingforwardtohavingyouinourhome.E­mail:cliqi9239@26.Thefourpeoplewrotethesepassagesto________.A.findsuitableroommatesB.advertiseroomsforhomestayC.findasuitableroominSydneyD.introducesomegoodhotels27.WhowillmostprobablyaskLindaaboutherroom?A.AmalestudentstudyinginMacquarieUniversity.B.Amalestudentwhodoesn’tlikecooking.C.Twogirlswhowanttoshareabigroom.D.AgirlwhooftengoestotheCBD.28.ApersonwholivesinJohn’sapartment________.A.cansmokeintheapartmentB.canuseJohn’swashingmachinetowashclothesC.isprovidedwithbreakfastandlunchonweekdaysD.hastowalkalongwaytogettothesportsfield29.IfaboywantstofindahomestayroomnearMacquarieUniversity，heshouldsendane­mailto________.A.mineanny@ B.markalarms@.auC.cliqi9239@ D.ainsley________gilkest@.au30.Agirlwhowantsaroomforbetween$210and$240perweekwouldmostprobablycontact________.A.Linda B.John C.Eric D.Rose【答案】26.B27.D28.C29.A30.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四则澳大利亚居民寻找房间租户的广告。【26题详析】推理判读题。本文是四则澳大利亚居民寻找住户的广告，他们分别对自己的住房以及条件位置等进行了介绍，目的是在于吸引有需要的住户。故选B。【27题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一个表格第一段第二、三句话“Thetrainrideisabout30minutestotheCBD.Nowweonlyhaveasmallbedroomforafemalestudent.”（坐火车到中央商务区大约需要30分钟。现在我们只有一间供女学生使用的小卧室。）可知，Linda的房子靠近中央商务区，而且只租给女生。故选D。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第二个表格第二段第二句话“Thecostis$220perweek，includingbreakfastandlunchonweekdays.”可知，John的公寓在工作日是提供早餐和午餐的。故选C。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三个表格第一段“Iliveinthenorthernsuburbs(郊区)ofSydney—quietforstudyingandrelaxing，yetclosetoMacquarieUniversity&NCELTR&SIBT.Thesubwaystationisnearby.”（我住在悉尼北郊，安静的学习和放松，但离麦格理大学、NCELTR和SIBT很近。地铁站就在附近。）可知，如果一个男孩想在麦格理大学附近找一间公寓，那么他就要给Peter发电子邮件，邮件地址为mineanny@。故选A。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一个表格第一段最后一句话“Thefeeis$230perweek.”（费用是每周230美元。）可知，一个想要一个每周210到240美元的房间的女孩能够联系Rose。故选D。BThatmorning,IdroppedoureldestatkindergartenandreturnedhometoletourtwoyoungerchildrenplaywhileIworkedonmymedicalreport.Itwaswonderful,butithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn'tmakingadifferenceinanyone'slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow.Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome.Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster(领养)mother,providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately.OnMondaymorning,IpickedupthephoneanddialedthenumberIhadgoogledforthenearestDepartmentofChildren'sServices.Themanontheotherendwasreceptivetomyquestionsandexplainedthenextstepoftraining,involvingeightweeksofclassesdesignedtoprepareandeducatefosterparents.Wecontinuedthroughalltheclasses,thehomevisits,backgroundchecks,andseeminglyendlesssteps.Fivelongmonthsafterwewereapproved,thephonerang.Inthemiddleofthenight,IwokemyhusbandandrushedtoEastTennesseeChildren's'Hospital.Ourplacementwaswaitingforusintheemergencyroom,sickandlackofnutrition.Itdidn'ttakelongforustorealizethefulldepthofhersuffering.Sixmonthslater,herhalf-brothercametousbyourrequest.Wenowhadfivechildrenunderourcare.OnAugust12,2016,ourfamilyofsevenwalkedintoasmallcourtroom.Thechildren'slawyerandsocialworkerwerethere.Withjustafewwords,ouradoptionwasfinalized.Thesetwoamazingchildrenweren'tgoinghome,becausetheywerealreadyhome.Wearetheirforeverfamily,andtheyareourforeverchildren.Wemaynotbeabletochangetheentireworld,butwehavechangedtheworldentirelyforournewchildren.31.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutherhospitalwork?A.Unusuallydemanding. B.Lackinginmotivation.C.Filledwithchallenges. D.Packedwithchances.32.Whatledtheauthortodecidetoadoptchildren?A.Shewantedtomakeadifferenceinotherpeople.B.Shefeltsympatheticforabusedchildrensheknew.C.Shefeltconfidentaboutherabilitytoraisechildren.D.Sheexperiencedtrainingtoraisechildrenproperly.33.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph2?A.Thefosterparentsmustbehealthyandwell-educated.B.Itwasimpossibletogothroughalltheendlessprocess.C.Themanonthephonewasniceandgaveclearinstructions.D.Thehomevisitsandbackgroundcheckswouldtakeeightweeks.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"placement"inParagraph3referto?A.Thechildtobeadopted. B.Theneedtogettrained.C.Theapprovalofadoption. D.Theofficialatthehospital.35.Whydidtheauthorappearatthecourtroom?A.Toputtheadoptedkidselsewhere. B.Toreceiveanotheradoptedchild.C.Tobeginthekids'adoptioninherhome. D.Tomaketheadoptionofficiallylegal.【答案】31.B32.A33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章叙述了作者收养孩子的原因和经过。【31题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn'tmakingadifferenceinanyone'slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow”可知，作者突然意识到作者在医院的职业生涯并没有改变任何人的生活。作者需要一些能拓展自己的极限，推动自己成长的东西。由此可知，作者认为自己在医院的工作缺乏动力。故选B。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ithitmethatmycareerinhospitalwasn'tmakingadifferenceinanyone'slife.Ineededsomethingthatwouldstretchmylimitsandpushmetogrow.Mycareerenabledmetoworkfromhome.Icouldworkfromhome,andbecomeafoster(领养)mother,providingsafetyforachildwhoneededitdesperately”，作者有一天突然意识到自己在医院的职业生涯并没有改变任何人的生活。她需要一些能拓展自己极限，推动个人成长的东西。她的职业使她能够在家工作。她可以在家工作，成为领养妈妈，为孩子提供安全的迫切需要。由此推知，作者是想影响改变一些人的生活，才产生了领养孩子的想法。故选A。【33题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Themanontheotherendwasreceptivetomyquestionsandexplainedthenextstepoftraining,involvingeightweeksofclassesdesignedtoprepareandeducatefosterparents.Wecontinuedthroughalltheclasses,thehomevisits,backgroundchecks,andseeminglyendlesssteps”可知，周一早上，我拿起电话，拨通了谷歌上最近的儿童服务部门的电话号码。电话那头的人很乐意回答我的问题，并解释了培训的下一步，包括为期八周的课程，目的是为养父母做准备和教育。由此推知，电话里的人很友好，给出了明确的指示。故选C。【34题详析】词义猜测题。前几段提到作者想要收养孩子。根据该段中的“Fivelongmonthsafterwewereapproved,thephonerang.Inthemiddleofthenight,IwokemyhusbandandrushedtoEastTennesseeChildren's'Hospital.Ourplacementwaswaitingforusintheemergencyroom,sickandlackofnutrition”可知，作者在获得收养孩子的批准五个月之后，电话响了。作者和丈夫来到儿童医院，那么那个生病并且缺乏营养正在等待作者的应该就是作者将要收养的孩子。因此，画线词指的是“要被收养的孩子”。故选A。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“OnAugust12,2016,ourfamilyofsevenwalkedintoasmallcourtroom.Thechildren'slawyerandsocialworkerwerethere.Withjustafewwords,ouradoptionwasfinalized”可知，作者出现在小法庭上完成了收养程序。由此推知，小法庭是使收养合法化的地方。故选D。CTurning18isabigdealwhenyouareateenager.Itmeansyouareresponsibleforyourselfanddon’tneedyourparents’permissionanymore.However,therearelotsofopinionsaboutwhenonebecomesanadult.Somearebasedonscience,whileothersarepersonalopinions.Whilecurrentlytheageis18,sciencesupports25asamoresensibleageforadulthood,andIagree.Whilestudyingthebrainofteenagers,scientistshavelearnedthatwhenkidsarearound18,theirprefrontalcortex(前额皮层)isonlyhalfwaydeveloped.Theprefrontalcortexhelpspeoplesetandachievegoalsbyreceivingsignalsfromdifferentregionsofthebraintoprocessinformationandadaptingaccordingly.Thathalfwaydevelopmentmeansthatyoustillhavethingstolearnandyourbrainsstillhavetimetodevelopuntiltheageof25.Somepeoplethinkgoingofftocollegeandlivingonyourownqualifyyouasanadult,whileothersmaybelievehavingasteadyincomeandbeingabletoaffordtoliveonyourownarewhatmakeyouanadult.Noteveryonehasafortunatelifewheretheyhavefamilythatcanprovidesupport;therearesituationswhereyouareforcedtobecomean“adult”whetheryoulikeitornot.Inthefostercare(寄养)system,onceachildturns18,heorsheisconsideredanadultandcannolongerreceivestate-sponsoredsupport.Thesechildrenareforcedintoalifewheretheyhavenofamilyoranyonetosupportthemotherthanthosewhoweretherefortheminthesystem.Havingaqualityjobwillallowyoutosupplyyourselfwithnecessarythingstoliveandhelpyoubecomeamorematureandresponsibleperson.Also,goingthroughdifficulttimesandrealizinglifeisn’taseasyasitseems,shouldqualifysomeoneasanadult.36.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardconsidering25asanageforadulthood?A.Cautious. B.Uncaring.C.Doubtful. D.Positive.37.Howdoestheprefrontalcortexworktohelppeoplesetandachievegoals?A.Bydealingwithreceivedsignalsandrespondingaccordingly.B.Bycollectinginformationfromotherpartsofthebody.C.Bysendinginstructionstodifferentregionsofthebrain.D.Bytransportingsensedemotionsandmakingrecords.38.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph3?A.Giveadefinitionofadulthood.B.Stresstheimportanceoffamilysupport.C.Provenoteveryonelivesafortunatelife.D.Showopiniononbecominganadultisdivided.39.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph4referto?A.Families. B.Childreninthefostersystem.C.Workersinthefostersystem. D.Adults.40.Whatisonestandardqualifyingyouasanadultaccordingtotheauthor?A.Settingupafamily. B.Beingresponsibleforyourstudy.C.Embracingthelowmomentsinlife. D.Buyingyourselfqualitythingstolive.【答案】36.D37.A38.D39.B40.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了什么时候才算成为成年人。【36题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Whilecurrentlytheageis18,sciencesupports25asamoresensibleageforadulthood,andIagree.(虽然目前的年龄是18岁，但科学支持25岁是更明智的成年年龄，我同意这一观点)”可知，对于将25岁视为成年年龄，作者是持肯定态度的。故选D项。【37题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theprefrontalcortexhelpspeoplesetandachievegoalsbyreceivingsignalsfromdifferentregionsofthebraintoprocessinformationandadaptingaccordingly.(前额叶皮层通过接收来自大脑不同区域的信号来处理信息并相应地适应，从而帮助人们设定和实现目标)”可知，前额叶皮层通过处理接收到的信号并作出相应的反应，进而帮助人们设定和实现目标。故选A项。【38题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Somepeoplethinkgoingofftocollegeandlivingonyourownqualifyyouasanadult,whileothersmaybelievehavingasteadyincomeandbeingabletoaffordtoliveonyourownarewhatmakeyouanadult.Noteveryonehasafortunatelifewheretheyhavefamilythatcanprovidesupport;therearesituationswhereyouareforcedtobecomean“adult”whetheryoulikeitornot.(有些人认为上大学和独立生活使你成为一个成年人，而其他人可能认为有稳定的收入和能够负担得起自己的生活是使你成为一个成年人的标志。不是每个人都有幸运的生活，有家人可以提供支持；有些情况下，不管你喜欢与否，你都被迫成为一个“成年人”)”可以推知，作者在第三段中想要表明对于成为成年人的看法有很不同的观点，存在分歧。故选D项。【39题详析】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Inthefostercare(寄养)system,onceachildturns18,heorsheisconsideredanadultandcannolongerreceivestate-sponsoredsupport.Thesechildrenareforcedintoalifewheretheyhavenofamilyoranyonetosupportthemotherthanthosewhoweretherefortheminthesystem.(在寄养系统中，一旦孩子年满18岁，他或她就被视为成年人，不能再接受国家资助的支持。这些孩子被迫过一种除了那些在系统中为他们提供帮助的人外，没有家人或任何人支持他们的生活)”和指代关系可知，划线代词them指代的是上文中Thesechildren，即上一句话中的“寄养系统里的孩子”。故选B项。【40题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Also,goingthroughdifficulttimesandrealizinglifeisn’taseasyasitseems,shouldqualifysomeoneasanadult.(此外，经历困难时期并意识到生活并不像看起来那么容易，应该让人取得成年人资格)”可知，作者认为在生活中经历了困难时期，拥抱人生低谷，是成为成年人的标准之一。故选C项。第II卷（非选择题,三部分,共30分）第一部分:语篇填空（共10小题,每小题0.5分,满分5分）阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The1975filmJawstellsthestoryofagreatwhiteshark___41___attacksandkillsswimmers.Itwas___42___greatsuccess,attractinghugeaudiencesandwinningmanyawards.Atthesametime,it___43___(strength)people’slong-heldideaofthegreatwhitesharkasa___44___(danger)animal.Peoplehavealwaysbeenscaredofsharks,butJawsmadethingsworse.Itmadepeople___45___(frighten)ofsharks,especiallyofthegreatwhiteshark.Somepeoplestoppedswimminginthesea,afraidofthehorriblecreaturefromthefilm.Otherpeoplestartedfishingforsharks,___46___(kill)asmanyastheycould.After1975,thenumberoflargesharksaroundAmericafellquickly,andsoonfellaroundtheworld.Thiswasnotonlydue___47___fearofsharks,butalsofinning.Finningisatypeoffishingwheresharksarecaughtand___48___(they)finscutoff.Thesharksarethrownbackintotheseawheretheydieslowlyandpainfully.Thefinsareusedinsharkfinsoup.Finningkillsmillionsofsharksayear.___49___(fortunate),noteveryonewhowatchedthefilmJawsbecameafraidofsharks—somebecameinterestedinunderstandingthem.Today,aswelearnmoreaboutsharks,morepeoplethaneverwanttoprotectthemfrom____50____(extinct).【答案】41.that/which42.a43.strengthened44.dangerous45.frightened46.killing47.to48.their49.Fortunately50.extinction【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了1975年电影《大白鲨》对公众对鲨鱼看法的影响，以及随后鲨鱼数量减少的原因，包括人们的恐惧和割鳍行为。【41题详析】考查定语从句。句意：1975年的电影《大白鲨》讲述了一条大白鲨袭击并咬死游泳者的故事。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“agreatwhiteshark”，在定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。【42题详析】考查冠词。句意：这部电影取得了巨大的成功，吸引了大量观众，并赢得了许多奖项。空处为抽象名词具体化；此处的“success”为抽象名词表示具体的一件事，意为“成功的事”，其前用不定冠词修饰。great首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填a。【43题详析】考查谓语动词。句意：与此同时，它强化了人们长期以来对大白鲨作为一种危险动物的认知。空处为本句谓语动词；根据上文可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“it”，单数，和动词“strengthen”之间为主动关系。故填strengthened。【44题详析】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，它强化了人们长期以来对大白鲨作为一种危险动物的认知。空处为修饰名词“animal”用形容词形式，意为“危险的”。故填dangerous。【45题详析】考查形容词。句意：它使人们对鲨鱼，尤其是对大白鲨感到恐惧。空处为形容词形式担当表语，意为“感到害怕的、恐惧的”。故填frightened。【46题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：另一些人则开始捕杀鲨鱼，尽可能多地猎杀它们。空处为非谓语动词形式担当状语；主语“otherpeople”和动词“kill”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填killing。【47题详析】考查固定短语。句意：这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为割取鱼鳍的行为。空处为固定短语：dueto，意为“因为……”，符合句意。故填to。【48题详析】考查代词。句意：割取鱼鳍是一种捕鱼方式，即捕获鲨鱼后割下它们的鱼鳍。空处为修饰名词“fins”用形容词性物主代词。故填their。【49题详析】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，并不是每一个看过电影《大白鲨》的人都对鲨鱼感到恐惧——有些人反而对了解鲨鱼产生了兴趣。空处为副词形式担当状语，意为“幸运的是”；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Fortunately。【50题详析】考查名词。句意：如今，随着我们对鲨鱼了解得越来越多，比以往任何时候都有更多的人想要保护它们，使其免遭灭绝。空处为名词形式担当介词后的宾语，意为“灭绝”。故填extinction。第二部分:阅读表达（共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分）阅读下面短文，并根据短文内容完成下列各题。Igotexcitedatthenewstoldbythenursethatwecouldmakepreparationsfortakingournewborntwins,DavidandMark,homewithus.However,IhadnoideawhatshouldIdoasafather.“HowcanItakecareofsuchdelicate(脆弱的)creaturesathomewithoutyourinstructions?”Iasked.Thenurselaughed,“Don’tworry.Youwillbefine.Theyknowhowtotellyoutheirneeds.”Itwasthebeginningofalifelongjourney,DavidandMarkwerejustlikealumpofclay(一块黏土),whichmywife,KarenandI,tosomedegree,couldshape.Iwonderedhowtoshapethemandmakethembecomegreatmen—notmenonlywithstrongbuildandhealthybodies,butmenofcharacter,integrity(正直)andbravery,andwithapositiveinfluence.Whenoursonswerelearningtowalk,Igotasuggestion:Alwaystreatyoursonsliketheadultstheyarecapableofbecoming,andmakethembecomemen.TheadviceletKarenandmeknowwhatreallymattersinlifeandintentionallybuildvaluesintotheirlife.Buthowcouldwedeveloptheircharacterandbuildvaluesintotheirlife?FinallyKarenandIdecidedtohavemeaningfuldialoguesaboutsomerolemodelswhiletakingawalkwiththeminthemorning.Andeachnight,Ireadthemabedtimestoryaboutpositivefigures.Onenight,whenIwasdoingso,Irealizedjustasthestoryreachedtheclimax(高潮),Isawwonderintheireyes.IrealizedIoftenmissedthoseexpressionswhenreadingthestory.SoIceasedreadingstoriestothem.Instead,IstartedtellingthemstoriesIcreatedaboutagoodboyandabadboyfacingamoraldilemmasoIcouldwatchtheirfaces.TheywarmlydiscussedtherightthingtodobeforeIrevealedhowthecharactershandledthesituation.Thisfull-eye-contactstorytellinghelpedusbondeachother.AndtheygraduallybecamethekindofpeoplethatKarenandIwantedthemtobe.Nowthinkingback,IthinkmygreatestachievementinlifeisthatmysonshavethevaluesKarenandIholddear.51.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenbeingaskedtotakehisbabieshome?(nomorethan5words)______________________________________________________52.Whataspectdidtheauthorfocusonduringhissons’growth?(nomorethan5words)______________________________________________________53.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ceased”inParagraph4mean?(Oneword)______________________________________________________54.WhatdidtheauthorandKarendotobuildvaluesintheirsons'life?(nomorethan15words)______________________________________________________55.Doyouagreewiththeauthor'swayofraisinghiskids?Why?(nomorethan20words)______________________________________________________【答案】51.Excitedbutworried.52.Characterandvalues.53.Stopped.54.Theyhadmeaningfuldialoguesaboutrolemodelsandtoldmoralstories.55.Yes,becauseitfocusesoncharacterandvalues,whichareessentialforlife.【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和妻子通过讨论榜样人物和讲述道德故事来培养孩子的价值观，最终将孩子培养成有品格、正直、勇敢且有正能量的人。【51题详析】考查推理判