《新大学英语写作教程1》课件-写作教程1 UNIT 2

LexicalExpansion:WordBuildingUnit2Thescenarioofinstructionprovidedasfollowsisdesignedjustforreference.Theteacherissupposedtocombineillustratingthefocusedpointswithdoingthegivenexercisesintheunit.Unit2Classroomteachingiscompletelypresupposedonpre-readingthetextoutsideclassroom.I.Lead-inHowaretheitalicizedwordsrelatedinthefollowingsentences?Heassumedthatthenewapproachwasbetterthantheoldone.

Hemadeanassumptionthatthenewapproachwasbetterthantheoldone.Assumptionis

derivedfromassume.Anounisderivedfromaverb.

Whatimplication

canwedrawfromtheabovetwoexampleswhenwewrite?Wecanexpresssimilarmeaningsbyusingdifferentformsofwordsinwriting.Thesedifferentformswilladdvarietytoourwriting.Lookattheexcerptsfromtwostudents’writings,andthinkwhatthedifferencesare.1)Thedoctorarrivedextremelyquickly,andexaminedthepatientcarefully,andthisenabledthepatienttorecoverataquickspeed.2)Thedoctor’sextremelyquickarrivalandcarefulexaminationofthepatientbroughtabouthisveryspeedyrecovery.Whatcanweseefromtheabovetwoexampleswhenwewrite?Theuseofvariousformsofwordsmayalsomakeourwritingconcise,yetstillinformative.1)ismorelikelytobeusedinoralEnglish,and2)inwrittenEnglish.I.Lead-inActivatingknowledgemeansmakingwordknowledge

lyinginthemindsofstudentsstartworking.II.ActivatingKnowledgeThreemajorwaysofwordformationinEnglish:Derivation:Newwordsare

formedbyaddingaffixestothebaseforms(rootsorstems).e.g.educate

education

care

careful

carefullyActivatingknowledgemeansmakingwordknowledge

lyinginthemindsofstudentsstartworking.II.ActivatingKnowledgeThreemajorwaysofwordformationinEnglish:Compounding:Newwordsare

formedbycombiningtwoormorewords.e.g.home+work

homework

editor+in+chief

editor-in-chiefcold+war

coldwarNotethatcompoundsarewrittenindifferentways.Ifyouarenotsureofthewrittenformofacompound,consultadictionary.Activatingknowledgemeansmakingwordknowledge

lyinginthemindsofstudentsstartworking.II.ActivatingKnowledgeThreemajorwaysofwordformationinEnglish:Conversion:Newwordsare

formedbychanginganexistingwordofoneclasstoanotherclasswithoutanychangeinspelling.e.g.

Shewipedthesweatfromherface.(noun)Ittakesalotoftimetobuildupatruefriendship,sodon’tsweatitifyouhaven’tfoundyourBFFduringyour

firstsemester!(verb)Activatingknowledgemeansmakingwordknowledge

lyinginthemindsofstudentsstartworking.II.ActivatingKnowledgeOtherwaysofwordformationinEnglish:Clipping:Newwordsare

formedbycuttingoffpartsofwords.e.g.

Trytolimityourselftogoinghomeonceortwiceamonthmaxtokeepyourselfgrounded.Mymathclassisworththreecredits.Activatingknowledgemeansmakingwordknowledge

lyinginthemindsofstudentsstartworking.II.ActivatingKnowledgeOtherwaysofwordformationinEnglish:Initialism:Newwordsare

formedby(inmostcases)takinginitiallettersoftechnicaltermsororganizationandcountrynames,etc.Twosubtypesofinitialism:-pronouncedasastringofletters,i.e.letterbyletter-pronouncedasaworde.g.Ittakesalotoftimetobuildupatruefriendship,sodon’tsweatitifyouhaven’tfoundyourBFFduringyour

firstsemester!AgreatnumberofmedicalworkershavefoughtatthefrontlineinthebattleagainsttheCOVID-19pandemic.Activatingknowledgemeansmakingwordknowledge

lyinginthemindsofstudentsstartworking.II.ActivatingKnowledgeOtherwaysofwordformationinEnglish:Blending:Newwordsare

formedbycombiningpartofonewordwiththatofanother.e.g.Theeventwillbetelecastsimultaneouslytonearly150cities.Applyingknowledgemeansdoingyourwritingpracticebasedontheknowledgeyouhaveacquired.TasksOne,Two,ThreeandFour

Differentsentencestructuresrequiredifferentformsofwords.Thesetasksspecificallyfocusonthemajortypesofderivation(fromverbstonouns/adjectives,adjectivestonouns/adverbs,etc.)

III.ApplyingKnowledgeIV.WritingThroughExperiencingandReadingWritingthroughexperiencingandreadingmeansinvolvingstudentsinwritingpracticebasedontheirpersonalexperienceandwhattheyhavelearnedfromthetext.IV.WritingThroughExperiencingandReadingProofreadinginvolvescorrectingthewrongorinappropriateformsofwordsinagivenpassage.Exceptforonecarelessspellingmistake,thisexercisecallsthestudents’attentiontothespellingofacompoundword(state-sector),aninappropriateclippedword(apps),awrongword(marketinsteadofmarketing),theproperuseofinitialism(EAP),andtheproperwrittenformsofnumbers.Unlessaninitialismiswell-established,orwell-known,providethefullformfirstinwriting,andthenforconciseness,theshortenedformcanbeused.e.g.EnglishforAcademicPurposes(EAP)referstolearningEnglishinordertouseittostudyanothersubject.Manyuniversitieshavepre-sessionalEAPcourses,whichconcentrateonspecificskillsthelearnerswillneedtobenefitfromtheirlearninginanotherlanguage.IV.WritingThroughExperiencingandReadingWritingthroughexperiencingandreadingmeansinvolvingstudentsinwritingpracticebasedontheirpersonalexperienceandwhattheyhavelearnedfromthetext.IV.WritingThroughExperiencingandReadingRewriting

involvesthinkingaboutwhereandhowthewrongorinappropriateuseofwordsoccursinthegivenpassageafterreading.Someofthewordsareusedinwrongforms,e.g.awkwardlyinsteadofawkward(adverbinsteadofadjective),firstyearinsteadoffirst-year.AlotmoreoftheinappropriatenesshasbeenfoundinthegradeofformalityTheauthorhasused(comparatively)formalwordsorexpressiononalessformaltopic(tipsfornewcomers).e.g.approximatelyeveryone….(soundsformal)

almosteveryone….(soundslessformalandclose)IV.WritingThroughExperiencingandReadingIV.WritingThroughExperiencingandReadingWritingThroughExperiencingandReadingGuidedwritinginvolvesstudentsinwritingashortpassagebasedonTextA.StudentsneedtoreadTextAmorecarefullyandgetageneralideaofthetipstheauthorgivesinthetextandwritepassageabouttheproblemstheyhaveencounteredatuniversity,thenthinkhowtheymayhelpsolvetheseproblems.Studentsshouldthinkabouthowtodiscusstheproblems,i.e.inwhatordertheywillelaboratetheproblemsandhowtheyhavecopedwiththem.Inathree-orfour-paragraphpassage,