2024-2025学年河南省部分名校高二下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省部分名校2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheAcademyofNutritionandDieteticsistheworld’slargestorganizationoffoodandnutritionprofessionals.Inits2025Food&NutritionConference,fourregistereddietitiannutritionists(RDNs)sharetheirjourney,lovefornutritionandtheircommunityimpact.JessicaCrandallSnyderJessicaCrandallSnydergrewupinthemidwestandalwayshadaninterestinnutrition,whichwasinspiredbyhermother’sstrugglewithweight.Sheinitiallypursuedacareerinjournalism,butherpassionforthefieldcontinuedtogrow,leadinghertoswitchtoacareerasanRDN.Today,sheservesasaspokespersonfortheAcademyofNutritionandDietetics.SharonSmallingSharonSmallinghasalwaysbeenanathlete.Incollege,shediscoveredthecrucialroleofnutritioninpeakperformance,whichinspiredhertopursueadegreeinNutritionandDietetics.Now,sheworksasanRDNtocreatenutritioneducationprogramsforinner-citychildren.Sheaimstoenablechildrentomakehealthychoices.ChristyWilsonChristyWilson’sstruggleswithaneatingdisorderincollegeledhertopursuenutritionasawaytokeepgoodphysicalcondition.HerpassionforthefieldledhertobecomeanRDNandshenowworksasadietitianforatreatmentcenterthateducatespeoplewitheatingdisordersonhowtodevelopahealthyrelationshipwithfood.SylviaKlingerSylviaKlingergrewupinColombiaandhadbeenexposedtoadiverserangeoffreshfruitsandvegetablesthatledhertodevelopadeeppassionforfoodandnutrition.AftermovingtotheUnitedStates,shebecameanRDNandisnowfocusedoneducatingtheLatin(拉丁人)communityaboutnutritionandhealthyeatinghabits.Sylviaiscommittedtoimprovinghealthoutcomes.1.Whowasmoreinfluencedbyanotherperson’sexperiencetochoosenutrition?A.JessicaCrandallSnyder. B.SharonSmalling.C.ChristyWilson. D.SylviaKlinger.2.WhydidChristyWilsonbegintopursuenutrition?A.Topromoteanewdietstyle.B.Tohelphergetridoftheillness.C.Toconductresearchoneatingdisorder.D.Toeducatepeoplewiththesameexperience.3.WhatdoweknowaboutSylviaKlinger?A.ShegrewupintheUnitedStates.B.Shewasnotinterestedinnutritionatfirst.C.ShenowworksfortheLatincommunity.D.Sheswitchedtoacareerrelatedtohighereducation.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了四位注册营养师（RDNs）的职业旅程、对营养学的热爱以及他们对社区的影响。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据JessicaCrandallSnyder部分中“JessicaCrandallSnydergrewupinthemidwestandalwayshadaninterestinnutrition,whichwasinspiredbyhermother’sstrugglewithweight.(JessicaCrandallSnyder在中西部长大，一直对营养学感兴趣，这源于她母亲与体重的斗争)”可知，JessicaCrandallSnyder是受他人经历影响而选择营养学的。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据ChristyWilson部分中“ChristyWilson’sstruggleswithaneatingdisorderincollegeledhertopursuenutritionasawaytokeepgoodphysicalcondition.(ChristyWilson在大学时与饮食失调的斗争让她选择追求营养学，以此作为保持良好身体状况的一种方式)”可知，ChristyWilson开始追求营养学是为了帮助自己摆脱疾病。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“AftermovingtotheUnitedStates,shebecameanRDNandisnowfocusedoneducatingtheLatincommunityaboutnutritionandhealthyeatinghabits.(搬到美国后，她成为了一名注册营养师，现在专注于向拉丁社区传授营养和健康饮食习惯。)”可知，SylviaKlinger现在为拉丁社区工作。故选C。BThefirstrecordedattemptstoreachAntarcticacameinthe1820s,withRussiansailorsdescribingabarren(荒芜的)landscapeanddangerousfrozenseas.ButanewresearchnowsuggeststhatMāori(毛利人)sailorsgottherebeforeanyoneelse—1,200yearsago.TherecentpaperintheJournaloftheRoyalSocietyofNewZealandaimstobringtolightthecontributionsoftheMāoripeopletoAntarcticvoyages.LedbyDr.PriscillaWehi,theteamlookedatMāorioralhistoriesaswellas“greyliterature”—researchoutsideofconventionalacademicareas,andfoundconnectionsbetweentheMāoriandAntarcticahavebeenoccurringsincetheearliesttraditionalvoyaging.“TheirconnectiontoAntarcticaremainspoorlydocumentedandacknowledgedintheresearch,”Wehisaid.“Thispaperbeginstofillthisgap.”Theresearchersfirsthighlightanearly7thcenturysouthernvoyagebyaMāorichiefHuiTeRangioraandhiscrew.ThisearlyexplorerissaidtohavereachedtheAntarcticOcean,theRossIceShelfontheedgeofAntarctica,wherethenavigatorencounteredsnowandicebergs.ThiswouldhavelikelymadethemthefirsthumanstoseeAntarcticwaters,overathousandyearsbeforetheEuropeanexpedition.EvenwiththearrivalofEuropeanexplorers,Māorispecialknowledgewasvalued.TeAtu—aNgāpuhiman—hasbeencalledthefirstMāoritohelpmaptheAntarcticcoastlinein1840.Māoriwerealsopartofthe“HeroicAgeofAntarcticExploration”inthelate19thandearly20thcentury,helpingEuropeanexplorerswithmedicine,construction,scientificpracticeandmoreonjourneystoAntarctica.Morerecently,anumberofMāorihaveparticipatedinNewZealand’sAntarcticscienceprograms,doingstudyoneverythingfromtheeffectsofclimatechangetopenguinpopulationecology.TheteambehindthislatestpaperhopesthatmoreandmoreMāoripeoplewillcontributetheirknowledgeandexperiencestoadvancethescientificenquiryonthisremotecontinent.4.Whatisthemaintopicofthenewpaper?A.TheEuropeanexplorationofAntarctica.B.ThehistoryofMāorivoyagestoAntarctica.C.ThescientificresearchconductedinAntarctica.D.TheeffectofnavigationonAntarcticecosystem.5.WhatphenomenondoesDr.PriscillaWehidescribeinparagraph2?A.TravelingtoAntarcticaispopular.B.HisteamhasfilledthegapofMāorioralhistories.C.ThereisnoconnectionbetweenMāoriandAntarctica.D.Māoriexplorationisoftenignoredbyscholars.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Europeanexplorers’journeytoAntarctica. B.Māori’stroubleinexploringtheAntarctica.C.Māori’scontributionstoAntarcticexploration. D.Europeanexplorers’helpwithMāori’svoyages.7.WhatcanbeexpectedaboutMāori’sfutureroleaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itwillchangeduetotheteam’shelp. B.Itwilldominatethescientificresearch.C.ItwilladvancetheAntarcticresearch. D.Itwillmainlyfocusonpenguinpopulation.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍毛利人最早到达南极洲及其对南极航行的贡献。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“ButanewresearchnowsuggeststhatMāori(毛利人)sailorsgottherebeforeanyoneelse—1,200yearsago.TherecentpaperintheJournaloftheRoyalSocietyofNewZealandaimstobringtolightthecontributionsoftheMāoripeopletoAntarcticvoyages.(但现在一项新的研究表明毛利人水手比任何人都早到达那里——1200年前。最近发表在《新西兰皇家学会杂志》上的一篇论文旨在揭示毛利人对南极航行的贡献)”可知，这篇论文主要讲述毛利人的南极洲航行史。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“LedbyDr.PriscillaWehi,theteamlookedatMāorioralhistoriesaswellas“greyliterature”—researchoutsideofconventionalacademicareas,andfoundconnectionsbetweentheMāoriandAntarcticahavebeenoccurringsincetheearliesttraditionalvoyaging.“TheirconnectiontoAntarcticaremainspoorlydocumentedandacknowledgedintheresearch,”Wehisaid.“Thispaperbeginstofillthisgap.”(在普里西拉·韦希博士的带领下，这个研究小组研究了毛利人的口述历史和“灰色文献”——传统学术领域之外的研究，发现毛利人和南极洲之间的联系从最早的传统航行开始就存在了。“他们与南极洲的联系在研究中仍然很少被记录和承认，”韦希说。“这篇论文开始填补这一空白。”)”可知，本段主要描述的现象是：毛利人的探索经常被学者忽视。故选D。【6题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“EvenwiththearrivalofEuropeanexplorers,Māorispecialknowledgewasvalued.TeAtu—aNgāpuhiman—hasbeencalledthefirstMāoritohelpmaptheAntarcticcoastlinein1840.Māoriwerealsopartofthe“HeroicAgeofAntarcticExploration”inthelate19thandearly20thcentury,helpingEuropeanexplorerswithmedicine,construction,scientificpracticeandmoreonjourneystoAntarctica.(即使有了欧洲探险家的到来，毛利人特别的知识还是受到重视。泰·阿图是一个Ngāpuhi人，他在1840年被称为第一个毛利人帮助绘制南极海岸线。毛利人也是19世纪末和20世纪初“南极探险英雄时代”的一部分，帮助欧洲探险家进行医学，建筑，科学实践和更多的南极之旅)”可知，该段主要讲述“毛利人对于南极探险的贡献”。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Morerecently,anumberofMāorihaveparticipatedinNewZealand’sAntarcticscienceprograms,doingstudyoneverythingfromtheeffectsofclimatechangetopenguinpopulationecology.TheteambehindthislatestpaperhopesthatmoreandmoreMāoripeoplewillcontributetheirknowledgeandexperiencestoadvancethescientificenquiryonthisremotecontinent.(最近，许多毛利人参加了新西兰的南极科学项目，研究从气候变化的影响到企鹅种群生态的一切。这篇最新论文背后的团队希望越来越多的毛利人将贡献他们的知识和经验来推进对这个偏远大陆的科学探索)”可知，最近，毛利人无疑将推进对南极的研究。故选C。CTheAlaskangovernmenthasanewfour-leggedfriendkeepingmigratorybirdsandotheranimalsawayfromtherunwaysatFairbanksInternationalAirport:adog-likerobot,“Aurora.”TheAlaskaDepartmentofTransportationandPublicFacilitiespostedits“newhire”onInstagramlastmonth,sayingthattherobotwillbetrialedto“augmentairportsafety”bytryingtopreventencountersbetweenplanesandwildlife.In2023,92animalcollisions(相撞)werereportedatairportsnearAlaska.Andthat’sjustAlaska.Tryingtoeasethisproblemwithoutharmingwildliferequiressomecreativethinking.AndthatiswhereAuroracomesin.Auroraisaheadlessrobot,aboutthesizeofahuntingdog.Auroracanclimbrocksandstairs,andevendoalittledance.Itisthesemovementsthatitscreators,BostonDynamics,hopewillbepartofastrategytokeeprunwaysclearofwildlife,especiallymigratorybirdsintheautumn.Sillyasitmayseem,Auroracandothesemovementsofpredatorssuchasfoxesandwolves,whichhopefullywillcreateafearresponseinthebirdsandotherwildlife.Auroraisjustthelatestinalonglineofrejectedpotentialsolutionstothebirdandwildlifeproblematairports.OnesuggestionthatwasputforwardinAlaskawasflyingdrones(无人机)tothrowrepellents(驱虫剂)intotheair,butitwasbelievedtoorisky.Andyet,despitethefactthatAuroracostsabout$70,000,accordingtoRyanMarlow,Aurora’srobothandler,therobotisstillpreferabletoadog.“Aborderdogrequiresfood,training,warmth,butdoesn’tcollectdataforus,”hesaid.ThereissomethingaboutAurorathathasgreatfun.Maybeitisthedancing,orjusttheveryconceptofarobotchasingbirdsaround.Whateverthecase,comparingtoothersolutionsitseemsthatAuroracanmakeairportsjustabitmoresafeforpeopleandanimalsalike.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“augment”meaninparagraph1?A.Enhance. B.Inspect. C.Prove. D.Check.9.HowdoesAuroraintendtokeeprunwaysclearofwildlife?A.Byproducingchemicalsubstances. B.Bymodellingafterpredators’behaviors.C.Byusingsoundwavestodriveanimalsaway. D.Bydirectlyremovinganimalsfromthearea.10.WhydoesRyanMarlowconsiderAurorapreferabletoarealdog?A.Itischeaperinthelongrun. B.Itrequiresfoodandtraining.C.Itcanclimbrocksandstairs. D.Itcangatherdataforanalysis.11.WhatdoestheauthorimplyabouttheAurorarobotinthelastparagraph?A.Itisnotaseffectiveasexpected. B.Ithasbroughtentertainmenttotheairport.C.Ithasmadeairportsthesafestplacesforall. D.Itisamorepracticalsolutionthanotheroptions.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍机器人Aurora靠模仿捕食者行为保持跑道上没有野生动物，让机场对人和动物都更加安全。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“preventencountersbetweenplanesandwildlife(防止飞机与野生动物相遇)”可知，这台机器人能防止飞机与野生动物相遇，由此判断，该做法可以“增强机场安全”，故划线词意思是“增强”。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Itisthesemovementsthatitscreators,BostonDynamics,hopewillbepartofastrategytokeeprunwaysclearofwildlife,especiallymigratorybirdsintheautumn.Sillyasitmayseem,Auroracandothesemovementsofpredatorssuchasfoxesandwolves,whichhopefullywillcreateafearresponseinthebirdsandotherwildlife.(它的创造者波士顿动力公司希望这些运动能成为一项策略的一部分，让跑道远离野生动物，尤其是秋天的候鸟。虽然看起来很傻，但Aurora可以模仿狐狸和狼等掠食者的动作，希望能在鸟类和其他野生动物中产生恐惧反应)”可知，Aurora靠模仿捕食者行为保持跑道上没有野生动物。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Andyet,despitethefactthatAuroracostsabout$70,000,accordingtoRyanMarlow,Aurora’srobothandler,therobotisstillpreferabletoadog.“Aborderdogrequiresfood,training,warmth,butdoesn’tcollectdataforus,”hesaid.(然而，据Aurora的机器人管理员瑞安·马洛说，尽管Aurora的价格约为7万美元，但它仍然比狗更可取。他说：“边境犬需要食物、训练和温暖，但它不会为我们收集数据。”)”可知，RyanMarlow认为机器人比狗更可取是因为机器人可以收集数据用于分析。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ThereissomethingaboutAurorathathasgreatfun.Maybeitisthedancing,orjusttheveryconceptofarobotchasingbirdsaround.Whateverthecase,comparingtoothersolutionsitseemsthatAuroracanmakeairportsjustabitmoresafeforpeopleandanimalsalike.(Aurora有一种非常有趣的东西。也许是因为舞蹈，或者只是机器人追鸟的概念。无论如何，与其他解决方案相比，Aurora似乎可以让机场对人和动物都更安全)”可知，作者认为机器人Aurora是一个比其他选择更实用的解决方案。故选D。DResearchersmonitoringthelightlesslandscapeofthePacificOceanfloorthinkthey’veobserved“darkoxygen”beingcreatedthere,potentiallychallengingcommonlyheldbeliefsabouthowoxygenisproducedonEarth.Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenwascreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis(光合作用),aprocessthatrequiressunlight.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthattheoryandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.TheresearchteamledbySweetman,aprofessorwiththeScottishAssociationforMarineScienceinOban,Scotland,publisheditsfindingsMondayinanarticleinthejournalNatureGeoscience.Thescientistsaren’tcertainhowoxygeniscreatedatsuchdarkdepths,buttheybelieveit’sbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmineralscalledpolymetallicnodules(多金属结核).Thesenodules—“effectivelybatteriesinarock,”Sweetmansaid—mayusetheirelectricchargetosplitseawaterintohydrogenandoxygen.Thesenodulescontainmetalssuchasmanganese,nickelandcobalt,whichcanbeusedtomakethebatteriesusedinconsumerelectronics,appliancesandelectricvehicles.FranzGeiger,aNorthwesternUniversitychemistryprofessorwhoworkedonthestudy,saidinaseparatenewsreleasethattheremaybeenoughnodulesinanareaofthePacificOceancalledtheClarion-ClippertonZonetomeetglobalenergydemandsfordecadesafter.ButGeigeralsosaidthatminingwouldhavetobeconductedinawaythatdidnotremoveoxygenforlifeformsinthatpartoftheocean.Companiesconductedexploratorymissionsfordeep-seamininginthe1970sand80s,hesaid,andrecentresearchsuggeststhatthosemissionsmayhavehadinfluencesonmarinelifeintheareafordecades.“Afewyearsago,ateamofmarinebiologistswentbacktothoseareasandfoundessentiallynolife,”Geigersaid.“Andthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethenoduleswereundamaged,plentyoflife.”12.Whatdoweknowaboutthenewresearch?A.Ithighlightstheroleofsunlightinseawater.B.Itbelievesthelevelofoxygenishigherinthedeepsea.C.Itarguesoxygeniscreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis.D.Itdoubtstheconventionalviewofhowoxygenisproduced.13.Whatgeneratestheoxygenundertheseaaccordingtothescientists?A.Hydrogenandseawater. B.Specialmineralsontheseabed.C.Akindofeffectivebatteries. D.Marineplantsandsunlight.14.WhydidGeigermentionthedeep-seamininginthe1970sand80s?A.Toemphasizethevalueofmarinebiologists’work. B.Topraisepreviousexploratoryachievements.C.Toremindpeopletoprotectmarinelife. D.Toencouragefurthermarineexploitation.15.Whatwouldbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ScientistsDiscover“DarkOxygen”ontheSeaFloorB.MineralResourcesAreDetectedinthePacificOceanC.NodulesHaveChangedtheUnderseaLandscapeD.“DarkOxygen”intheDeepSea—theOriginofLife【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们在海洋中发现了一种新的方式产生的氧气——“暗氧”。他们认为，海底的特殊岩石可能像电池一样把海水电解，产生氧气。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“ResearchersmonitoringthelightlesslandscapeofthePacificOceanfloorthinkthey’veobserved“darkoxygen”beingcreatedthere,potentiallychallengingcommonlyheldbeliefsabouthowoxygenisproducedonEarth.(监测太平洋海底无光景观的研究人员认为，他们已经观察到那里正在产生“暗氧”，这可能会挑战人们对地球上氧气产生方式的普遍看法)”及第二段“Untilnow,itwasthoughtthatoxygenwascreatedonlythroughphotosynthesis(光合作用),aprocessthatrequiressunlight.Butthediscoverycastsdoubtonthattheoryandraisesnewquestionsabouttheoriginsoflifeitself.(到目前为止，人们一直认为氧气只能通过光合作用产生，而光合作用需要阳光。但这一发现对该理论提出了质疑，并对生命本身的起源提出了新的问题)”可知，新研究挑战人们对地球上氧气产生方式的普遍看法。故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Thescientistsaren’tcertainhowoxygeniscreatedatsuchdarkdepths,buttheybelieveit’sbeingproducedbyelectricallychargedmineralscalledpolymetallicnodules(多金属结核).Thesenodules—“effectivelybatteriesinarock,”Sweetmansaid—mayusetheirelectricchargetosplitseawaterintohydrogenandoxygen.(科学家们不确定氧气是如何在如此黑暗的深处产生的，但他们认为氧气是由一种叫做多金属结核的带电矿物产生的。这些结核——“实际上是岩石中的电池，”斯威特曼说——可以利用它们的电荷将海水分解成氢和氧)”可知，海底的特殊矿物在海底产生氧气。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ButGeigeralsosaidthatminingwouldhavetobeconductedinawaythatdidnotremoveoxygenforlifeformsinthatpartoftheocean.Companiesconductedexploratorymissionsfordeep-seamininginthe1970sand80s,hesaid,andrecentresearchsuggeststhatthosemissionsmayhavehadinfluencesonmarinelifeintheareafordecades.“Afewyearsago,ateamofmarinebiologistswentbacktothoseareasandfoundessentiallynolife,”Geigersaid.“Andthenafewhundredmetersovertotheleftandright,wherethenoduleswereundamaged,plentyoflife.”(但盖格也表示，采矿必须以一种不会为海洋中生命形式去除氧气的方式进行。他说，公司在上世纪七八十年代进行了深海采矿的勘探任务，最近的研究表明，这些任务可能对该地区的海洋生物产生了数十年的影响。盖格说：“几年前，一组海洋生物学家回到这些地区，发现基本上没有生命。然后在几百米左右的地方，那里的多金属结核没有受损，有很多生命。”)”可知Geiger提到上世纪七八十年代的深海采矿活动，是因为这些活动对该地区的海洋生物产生了几十年的影响，采矿区域几乎没有生命，而未受破坏的区域有很多生命，由此推断，Geiger提到上世纪七八十年代的深海采矿是为了提醒人们保护海洋生物。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ResearchersmonitoringthelightlesslandscapeofthePacificOceanfloorthinkthey’veobserved“darkoxygen”beingcreatedthere,potentiallychallengingcommonlyheldbeliefsabouthowoxygenisproducedonEarth.(监测太平洋海底无光景观的研究人员认为，他们已经观察到那里正在产生“暗氧”，这可能会挑战人们对地球上氧气产生方式的普遍看法)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了研究人员在太平洋海底无光区域发现了“暗氧”的产生，这一发现挑战了关于地球上氧气产生方式的传统观点。A选项“科学家在海底发现“暗氧””能很好地概括文章的主要内容，最适合作为文章标题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheSignificanceofaHealthyLifestyleAsseniorhighstudents,weoftenfindourselvesburiedunderapileoftextbooksandassignments,makingiteasytoignoreourhealth.___16___Ahealthylifestylesignificantlycontributestophysicalfitness.Regularexercise,forexample,isabasisofphysicalwell-being.Whenweengageinjogging,swimming,orcycling,ithelpstostrengthenourmuscles,improvecardiovascular(心血管的)function,andboostourimmune(免疫)system.___17___Additionally,abalanceddietisequallyimportant.Consumingavarietyoffoods,includingplentyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,leanproteins,andhealthyfats,providesourbodieswiththenecessarynutrientstofunctionbest.Mentalhealthalsobenefitsgreatlyfromahealthylifestyle.Sufficientsleep,whichisanessentialpartofit,allowsourbrainstorestandrecover.Whenwegetenoughsleep,wewakeupfeelingrefreshedandreadytofacetheday.___18______19___Whenindividualsarehealthy,theyarelesslikelytorelyonmedicalresources,thusreducingtheburdenonthehealthcaresystem.Itissuggestedthatmoreavailableandaccessiblehealthconsultationservicesbeprovidedtoteachtheimportanceofmaintainingahealthylifestyleinthegeneralpublic.Inthelongrun,ahealthylifestylehasfar-reachingsignificanceforourqualityoflife.Peoplewhomaintainhealthyhabitsaremorelikelytohaveahigherenergylevelthroughouttheirlives.Thismeanstheycanactivelyparticipateinvariousactivities,whetherit’sspendingtimewithfamily,pursuinghobbies,orengagingincommunitywork.___20___Theymayexperienceadeclineintheirphysicalandmentalcapabilitiesatarelativelyyoungage,limitingtheirlifechoicesandexperiences.A.Italsoplaysapositiveroleinoursociallife.B.Therearemanywaystostartlivingahealthylifestyle.C.Incontrast,thosewithunhealthylifestylesmayleadaninactivelife.D.Thesephysicalactivitiescanalsohelpusmaintainahealthyweight.E.Thiscanleadtobetterconcentration,improvedmemory,andenhancedmood.F.What’smore,ahealthylifestylecansavealargeamountofmedicalexpenses.G.However,ahealthylifestyleiscrucialforourwell-beingandacademicperformance.【答案】16.G17.D18.E19.F20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了健康生活方式的重要性。【16题详析】上文“Asseniorhighstudents,weoftenfindourselvesburiedunderapileoftextbooksandassignments,makingiteasytoignoreourhealth.(作为高中生，我们常常发现自己埋在一堆课本和作业中，很容易忽视我们的健康)”指出高中生易忽视健康，G选项“However,ahealthylifestyleiscrucialforourwellbeingandacademicperformance.(然而，健康的生活方式对我们的幸福和学业成绩至关重要)”与上文构成转折关系，引出健康生活方式的重要性这一论述主题，上下文语意衔接自然。故选G项。【17题详析】上文“Whenweengageinjogging,swimming,orcycling,ithelpstostrengthenourmuscles,improvecardiovascular(心血管的)function,andboostourimmune(免疫)system.(当我们进行慢跑、游泳或骑自行车时，它有助于增强我们的肌肉，改善心血管功能，并提高我们的免疫系统)”阐述了运动对身体的好处，D选项“Thesephysicalactivitiescanalsohelpusmaintainahealthyweight.(这些体育活动也可以帮助我们保持健康的体重)”进一步说明运动的好处，“Thesephysicalactivities”指代上文的“jogging,swimming,orcycling”，上下文逻辑紧密。故选D项。【18题详析】上文“Whenwegetenoughsleep,wewakeupfeelingrefreshedandreadytofacetheday.(当我们获得足够的睡眠时，我们醒来会感到精神焕发，准备好迎接新的一天)”说明了充足睡眠让人精神好，E选项“Thiscanleadtobetterconcentration,improvedmemory,andenhancedmood.(这可以导致更好的注意力、改善的记忆力和提升的情绪)”进一步解释了充足睡眠带来的好处，“This”指代上文“getenoughsleep”这一行为。故选E项。【19题详析】下文“Whenindividualsarehealthy,theyarelesslikelytorelyonmedicalresources,thusreducingtheburdenonthehealthcaresystem.(当个人健康时，他们不太可能依赖医疗资源，从而减轻了医疗系统的负担)”说明了健康生活方式能减轻医疗系统负担，F选项“What’smore,ahealthylifestylecansavealargeamountofmedicalexpenses.(更重要的是，健康的生活方式可以节省大量的医疗费用)”与下文内容呼应，都围绕健康生活方式在医疗方面的益处展开，上下文逻辑一致。故选F项。【20题详析】上文“Peoplewhomaintainhealthyhabitsaremorelikelytohaveahigherenergylevelthroughouttheirlives.Thismeanstheycanactivelyparticipateinvariousactivities,whetherit’sspendingtimewithfamily,pursuinghobbies,orengagingincommunitywork.(保持健康习惯的人一生更有可能拥有更高的能量水平。这意味着他们可以积极参与各种活动，无论是与家人共度时光、追求爱好还是参与社区工作)”描述了健康生活方式者的积极生活状态，C选项“Incontrast,thosewithunhealthylifestylesmayleadaninactivelife.(相比之下，那些有不健康生活方式的人可能会过着不活跃的生活)”与上文形成对比，说明不健康生活方式者的生活状态，上下文逻辑清晰。故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TherewasahospitalnearthemallwhereIworked.Wedidn’toftenhavecustomersfromthehospital,yettherewasthisdadwho___21___broughthisyoungdaughterin.Thegirlwasabouteightyearsold,completelyhairlessfromchemo(化疗).Itwasevidentthatshefelt___22___aboutit.Herdadendedup___23___hisownhead,butitdidn’tseemtohelp.Onedaytheycameinagain,andIhadanidea.Myfriendhadjustcutmyhairbutdida___24___job.SoIaskedhimtocutallmyhair.Asapersoninthirties,Iquite___25___thisnewlook.Itwasarefreshingchange,andIcouldwearhatsasa(n)___26___statement,aswellastokeepmyears___27___incolddays.Whenthelittlegirlcamein,Iquickly___28___myhat.Ihopedthatbyshowingmyshavenhead,Icould___29___withher.Shehadseenmeafewtimesbefore,butshewasstillrather____30____.Then,suddenly,alarge,strongman____31____andpointedtohisownshavenhead.His____32____wasvoluntaryasifheunderstoodthesituationdeeply.Forthatday,weformedanunspoken____33____.Thatgirlcouldnotsmilehardenough.Sheandtheman____34____heartily,whileherfathertriedhisbesttoholdbackhis____35____.Ileftthatjobaboutayearago.I’mhopingshe’sdoingallright.21.A.deliberately B.consequently C.frequently D.apparently22.A.ashamed B.astonished C.regret D.frightened23.A.washing B.touching C.shaving D.knocking24.A.serious B.difficult C.terrible D.satisfactory25.A.rejected B.accepted C.envied D.proposed26.A.fashionable B.genuine C.enthusiastic D.innocent27.A.closed B.sensitive C.clear D.warm28.A.presented B.removed C.raised D.folded29.A.connect B.talk C.cooperate D.combine30.A.miserable B.shy C.strange D.selfish31.A.stoodup B.satdown C.walkedup D.lookedaround32.A.principle B.feeling C.suggestion D.action33.A.agreement B.contract C.bond D.decision34.A.fought B.shouted C.argued D.laughed35.A.memory B.excitement C.dream D.tears【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.C25.B26.A27.D28.B29.A30.B31.C32.D33.C34.D35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作者和一位陌生男子为了让因化疗脱发而感到羞愧的小女孩感到安慰，纷纷剃光头发，与小女孩建立起情感联系的故事。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们不经常有医院的顾客，但有一位父亲经常带他的小女儿来。A.deliberately故意地；B.consequently因此；C.frequently经常地；D.apparently显然地。根据上文“Wedidn’toftenhavecustomersfromthehospital,yet”可知，前后是转折关系，所以是一位父亲经常带他的小女儿来，故选C。【22题详析】考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，她对此感到羞愧。A.ashamed羞愧的；B.astonished惊讶的；C.regret后悔；D.frightened害怕的。根据上文“Thegirlwasabouteightyearsold,completelyhairlessfromchemo(化疗).”可知，女孩因为化疗没有了头发，所以应该是感到羞愧，故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的父亲最终剃掉了自己的头，但这似乎没有帮助。A.washing洗；B.touching触摸；C.shaving剃；D.knocking敲。根据下文“Ihopedthatbyshowingmyshavenhead”可知作者也剃了头，所以这里说的是小女孩的父亲剃掉了自己的头发，故选C。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友刚给我剪了头发，但剪得很糟糕。A.serious严肃的；B.difficult困难的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.satisfactory令人满意的。根据下文“SoIaskedhimtocutallmyhair.”可推断，剪得很糟糕，故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个三十多岁的人，我完全接受了这种新的面貌。A.rejected拒绝；B.accepted接受；C.envied嫉妒；D.proposed提议。根据下文“Itwasarefreshingchange,andIcouldwearhats”可知，作者接受了这种新的面貌，故选B。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一种令人耳目一新的变化，我可以戴上帽子作为一种时尚的表达，也可以在寒冷的日子里为我的耳朵保暖。A.fashionable时尚的；B.genuine真诚的；C.enthusiastic热情的；D.innocent无辜的。根据上文“Icouldwearhats”和常识可知，戴帽子是一种时尚，故选A。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.closed关闭的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.clear清楚的；D.warm温暖的。根据下文“incolddays”可知，在寒冷的日子里帽子可以为耳朵保暖，故选D。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当小女孩进来时，我迅速脱下帽子。A.presented呈现；B.removed移除；C.raised举起；D.folded折叠。根据下文“Ihopedthatbyshowingmyshavenhead”可知，作者要展示剃了的光头，所以是脱掉帽子，故选B。【29题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我希望通过展示我的光头，我可以和她交流。A.connect(with)与……建立联系；B.talk(with)与……交谈；C.cooperate(with)与……合作；D.combine(with)与……结合。根据上文“Ihopedthatbyshowingmyshavenhead”可知，作者想通过展示自己的光头和小女孩交流，故选A。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她以前见过我几次，但她还是很害羞。A.miserable痛苦的；B.shy害羞的；C.strange奇怪的；D.selfish自私的。根据上文“Shehadseenmeafewtimesbefore,but”可知，上下文是转折关系，所以是她还是很害羞，故选B。【31题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，一个高大强壮的男人走了过来，指着自己剃光的头。A.stoodup站起来；B.satdown坐下；C.walkedup走近，走上前来；D.lookedaround环顾四周。根据下文“pointedtohisownshavenhead”可知，这个人指着自己剃光的头，说明是走上前来，故选C。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的行为是自愿的，仿佛他对形势了如指掌。A.principle原则；B.feeling感觉；C.suggestion建议；D.action行为。根据上文“Then,suddenly,alarge,strongman______andpointedtohisownshavenhead.”可知，这是行为，故选D。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一天，我们形成了一种默契。A.agreement协议；B.contract合同；C.bond联系，纽带；D.decision决定。根据上文“asifheunderstoodthesituationdeeply”可知，那一天形成了一种默契，一种联系，故选C。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和那个男人笑得很开心，而她的父亲则强忍着眼泪。A.