2025届陕西省渭南市高三下学期二模联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省渭南市2025届高三下学期二模联考英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIn2018wecreatedtheStudentPodcastChallenge,anopportunityforstudentsallaroundtheUStorecordtheirstoriesandsharethemwithus.Thisyear’scontestwillopenonthe6thofnextmonthandcloseonMay2nd.Onceagainitwillbeopentostudentsingrades4through12.Isityourfirsttimeenteringourcontest?Don’tfret!We’reheretohelp.ThebasicsStudentscanmakeapodcastaboutanytopicthey’reinterestedin,aslongastheykeepitbetweenthreetoeightminutes.Theentriesshouldbepurelyoriginalworkbystudents.Pleasekeepitclean!Nooffensivelanguagewillbeallowed.Andstudentsdoneedtoworkwithanadulttofilloutthesubmissionformtoenterthecontest.WheretogetstartedChoosingagoodstoryisjustasimportantasyouraudioproductionoreditingskills.Forexample,afavoriteentryfromlastyearwasapersonalstory,reportingonayoungperson’sexperiencelearningtoreadwithdyslexia(阅读障碍)anddiscussionsoneverydaytopicslikeschoollunchandteenfashion.Again,youcanchooseanytopicyouwishtoexplore.TheselectionOurjudgeswillselectamiddleschoolandhighschoolgrandprizewinner.Thegrandprizeincludesacertificate,atrophy,andaninterviewfromNPR.Forfourthgraders—anewcategorywecreatedlastyear—we’llselectthebestentriesandairsomeorallofthosepodcastsonNPRprograms.Inpreviousyears,ourwinnersalsoreceivedadditionalrecognitionfromtheirschools,andmanywereinterviewedbylocalmedia.ResourcesBeforeyouhittherecordbutton,checkoutourpodcastingresources.Wecovereverythingfromhowtotellagoodstory,howtosoundlikeyourselfonamicrophonetohowtousemusicinyourpodcast.Formoretipsandthelatestupdatesonthisyear’scontest,don’thesitatetoreachouttousatstudentpodcastchallenge@.Students,wecan’twaittohearyourstories.Goodluck!1.Whoarethetargetparticipants?A.NPR’sstaff. B.StudentsaroundtheUS.C.Podcastlovers. D.TheUSstudentsingrades4to12.2.Whatcoulddisqualifyapodcastentry?A.Lackingbackgroundmusic. B.Exceedingthetimelimit.C.Choosingapersonaltopic. D.Usingproperlanguage.3.Whatisthetext?A.Anannouncementpost. B.Aschoolnewsletter.C.Ajobadvertisement. D.Asubscriptionplan.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了播客比赛的要求以及报名方式等信息。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Onceagainitwillbeopentostudentsingrades4through12.(它将再次向4年级到12年级的学生开放)”可知，4到12年级的美国学生是目标参与者。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Studentscanmakeapodcastaboutanytopicthey’reinterestedin,aslongastheykeepitbetweenthreetoeightminutes.(学生们可以就任何他们感兴趣的话题制作播客，只要这些播客保持在3到8分钟之间)”可知，超过时间限制会取消播客的参赛资格。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“In2018wecreatedtheStudentPodcastChallenge,anopportunityforstudentsallaroundtheUStorecordtheirstoriesandsharethemwithus.Thisyear’scontestwillopenonthe6thofnextmonthandcloseonMay2nd.Onceagainitwillbeopentostudentsingrades4through12.Isityourfirsttimeenteringourcontest?Don’tfret!We’reheretohelp.(2018年，我们创建了学生播客挑战赛，让美国各地的学生有机会记录他们的故事并与我们分享。今年的比赛将于下月6日开始，5月2日结束。它将再次向4年级到12年级的学生开放。这是你第一次参加我们的比赛吗？不要烦恼!我们是来帮忙的)”结合文章主要介绍了播客比赛的要求以及报名方式等信息。可知，文章是一则公告。故选A。BChinesesarchitecturehaslongbeenthoughttoputstyleabovefunction.AseriesofquietbutremarkablebuildingsinChengdu,SichuanProvince,haveslowlychangedthatimpression.BehindthemisChinesearchitectLiuJiakun,thewinnerofthe2025PritzkerArchitecturePrize.HeisthesecondarchitectfromChinatoreceivethishighesthonorfortheprofession,followingWangShuin2012.Since1999,LiuhasbeenworkingintheYulinarea,oneofChengdu’smostnativeandlivelyneighborhoods.Inhissparetime,thearchitectoftengoesgroceryshoppingoreatsnoodlesatatinyrestaurantnearhisoffice.TheseexperienceshavegivenLiuanunderstandingofwhatthelocalstrulyneedintermsofarchitecture.Forexample,inspiredbyChengdu’sbasingeographicalfeature,hisWestVillage(西村大院)projectisafive-storybuildingsurroundedbyelevatedrunningtracks.Thebuildingprovideslarge,mixed-usespacesforresidentsnearby.Ithasalsobecomealifestylelandmark,attractingsocialmediausers.Liu’spassionforregionalculturesisnotlimitedtoChengdu,andheapplieshisdesignprinciplestovariousprojects.TheSuzhouMuseumofImperialKilnBrick(苏州御窑金砖博物馆)isLiu’sprojectinJiangsuProvince.Toprotectthelocalimperialkilnheritage,thearchitectmadechangesassmallaspossibletotheoriginalruins.Likemanyofhisworks,themuseumseemshumbleatfirstsight.Butwhenyoulookcloselyatitsmainstructure,you’llnoticeanaesthetic(美学的)combinationofkilnandpalacearchitecturalfeatures.Thedesignshowsadeeprespectforboththeenvironmentandlocalculture.Liu,inadditiontobeinganarchitect,alsowrotenovels.Bytheendofthelastcentury,hehadpublishedseveralofthem.Histalentandpassionforliteraturehaveinspiredhimtoexplorearchitecturalpracticesthatusebooksasatooltoadvanceruralrevitalization(乡村振兴).AvillagebookstoredesignedbyLiuinQujing,YunnanProvince,issettoopeninMay.Covering800squaremeters,thebookstoretapsintothepotentialofculturalspacesinruralsettings.Liu’srespectforthelocalenvironmentandpeopleissharedbymanyChinesearchitects.China’srichanddiverseregionalcultureshaveprovidedthemwiththefoundationtocarvetheirownpaths.4.HowisLiu’sapproachtowardarchitecturedifferentfromtraditionalviews?A.Hefocusesontraditionalaesthetics. B.Heprioritizesfunctionoverdesign.C.Hebalancesbothdesignandfunction. D.Hedrawsinspirationfromwesterndesign.5.WhathelpsLiuunderstandthelocals’architectureneeds?A.Experiencinglocallife. B.Observingforeigndesigns.C.StudyingChengdu’shistory. D.Interviewingfamousarchitects.6.WhyistheSuzhouMuseumofImperialKilnBrickmentionedinthetext?A.TocompareitwithLiu’sprojectinChengdu.B.ToemphasizeLiu’sinternationalinfluence.C.TohighlightLiu’sculturalpreservationfocus.D.ToshowcaseLiu’sapplicationofnewmaterials.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLiu?A.Talentedandgenerous. B.Reliableandindustrious.C.Humbleandconservative. D.Visionaryandresponsible.【答案】4.C5.A6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国建筑师刘家琨的建筑设计理念与实践。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Chinesesarchitecturehaslongbeenthoughttoputstyleabovefunction.AseriesofquietbutremarkablebuildingsinChengdu,SichuanProvince,haveslowlychangedthatimpression.BehindthemisChinesearchitectLiuJiakun,thewinnerofthe2025PritzkerArchitecturePrize.(长久以来，人们一直认为中国建筑重风格而轻功能。然而，四川省成都市的一系列虽不张扬却令人瞩目的建筑，正逐渐改变这一印象。这些建筑背后的设计师是中国建筑师刘家琨，他荣获了2025年普利兹克建筑奖)”以及第二段的“Thebuildingprovideslarge,mixed-usespacesforresidentsnearby.Ithasalsobecomealifestylelandmark,attractingsocialmediausers.(这座建筑为附近的居民提供了宽敞的、多功能的使用空间。它还成为了一个生活方式的地标，吸引了众多社交媒体用户)”可知，长期以来，中国建筑一直被认为风格重于功能，而刘家琨设计的一系列建筑慢慢改变了这种印象，由此可推知，他的建筑方法不同于传统观点，他平衡了设计和功能。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Inhissparetime,thearchitectoftengoesgroceryshoppingoreatsnoodlesatatinyrestaurantnearhisoffice.TheseexperienceshavegivenLiuanunderstandingofwhatthelocalstrulyneedintermsofarchitecture.(在闲暇时间，这位建筑师经常去采购食品杂货，或者在办公室附近的小餐馆里吃面条。这些经历让刘家琨了解到当地人在建筑方面的真正需求)”可知，刘家琨在成都玉林地区工作，业余时间体验当地生活，这些经历让他了解当地人在建筑方面的真正需求。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段的“Toprotectthelocalimperialkilnheritage,thearchitectmadechangesassmallaspossibletotheoriginalruins.Likemanyofhisworks,themuseumseemshumbleatfirstsight.Butwhenyoulookcloselyatitsmainstructure,you’llnoticeanaesthetic(美学的)combinationofkilnandpalacearchitecturalfeatures.Thedesignshowsadeeprespectforboththeenvironmentandlocalculture.(为了保护当地的御窑遗产，这位建筑师对原始遗迹尽可能少地进行改动。和他的许多作品一样，这座博物馆乍一看显得质朴无华。但当你仔细观察它的主体结构时，你会注意到它在美学上融合了窑和宫殿的建筑特色。这种设计体现了对环境和当地文化的深切尊重)”可知，提到苏州御窑金砖博物馆是为了说明刘家琨在设计中为了保护当地御窑遗产，尽量少地对原始遗址做改变，体现了他对当地文化的保护和尊重。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，刘家琨作为建筑师，不仅关注建筑的功能性，还深入挖掘地域文化，并将其融入设计中，展现出他的远见卓识；同时，他对当地环境和文化的尊重，以及通过建筑推动乡村振兴的实践，体现了他强烈的责任感，所以刘家琨是有远见和负责任的。故选D。CAtfirstglance,adeadtreemightjustlooklikealifeless,fallenlog.Butlookcloser:beneaththerottingbark(树皮),thewoodisfulloflife.Uponitsdeath,thetree’stightlysealedtubesystem,previouslyusedtotransportnutrientsandwater,becomesemptyandallowssomecreaturestopassthrough,accordingtoMatteoGarbelotto,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Theseemptytrunks,stillstandingupright,arealsocalledsnagsorwildlifetrees.Becauseoftheirverticality,theycanhostahighdiversityofspeciesthatvariesfromtoptobottom.Fallentrees,oftencalledlogs,arealsovaluablehabitats,thoughforsmallerspecies,Garbelottosays.Bothtypesattractallsortsoflife,startingwithfungi(真菌).Fungidomuchofthehardworkofspeedingupthedecompositionprocess,softeningthehardtrunkintosomethingwithmanysmallholes.Thisallowsinawholehostofspeciesseekingfoodandshelter:beetlesgetintolayegg,amphibiansnestleunderthebark,andbirdsfeedingoninsectsbuildnestswithinthetrunkitself.Thecollectionofwildlifechangesoverthecourseofthetree’sdecay(腐烂),witheachnewspeciescontributingtoandprofitingfromtheprocess.Logsgenerallyincreaseopportunitiesforinsects,amphibians,andreptilesandmakeagoodcombinationwithsnags,Garbelottosays.Whilesomespecieslikebarkbeetlesandwoodpeckersstronglypreferdeadorrottingwoodfornesting,others,includingwood-decayingfungi,canonlysurviveindeadwood.Andit’snotjusttheanimalsthatbenefitfromdecayingtrees.Theyprovidenaturalprotectionandsupportforyoungseedlingstogrow.Astreesdecompose,carbonandnitrogenstoresareslowlyreabsorbedintothesoil,acriticalstepinnutrientrecycling,bothforyoungtreesandforthelargerecosystem.Fromaclimateperspective,lettingtreesrotiscritical.Largetreesinparticularactassignificantcarbonsinks,whichcanabsorbthecarbondioxidefromburningfossilfuels,andallowingthemtodecomposenaturallyreducestheamountofcarbondioxide—and,thus,heat—intheatmosphere.Wheneverpossible,forestryexpertsprefertoleavedeadtreesuntouched.8.Whatisthemainfunctionofdeadtreesaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Theyblockthegrowthofyoungseedlings.B.Theyprovidefoodandshelterforlargeanimals.C.Theysupportspeciesandmaintainbiodiversity.D.Theyhavelittleecologicalimpactwhendecaying.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“verticality”mostlikelymean?A.Theageofatree. B.Theheightofatree.C.Theemptystructureofatree. D.Theuprightpositionofatree.10.Whichofthefollowingaboutfungiistrue?A.Theypreferwildlifetreestofallenlogs. B.Theyprovidenestingspacesforinsects.C.Theysealthetubesystemofdeadtrees. D.Theyacceleratethebreakdownofdeadtrees.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheAfterlifeofaDeadTree. B.TheSilentPowerofNature.C.TheQuiteDecayofFallenLeaves. D.TheBattleAgainstaTree’sDecay.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了枯树死后支持物种和维持生物多样性，介绍了枯树中存在的生命形式。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Atfirstglance,adeadtreemightjustlooklikealifeless,fallenlog.Butlookcloser:beneaththerottingbark(树皮),thewoodisfulloflife.Uponitsdeath,thetree’stightlysealedtubesystem,previouslyusedtotransportnutrientsandwater,becomesemptyandallowssomecreaturestopassthrough,accordingtoMatteoGarbelotto,aprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.(乍一看，一棵死树可能只是看起来像一个没有生命的，倒下的原木。但仔细看，在腐烂的树皮下，木头充满了生命。加州大学伯克利分校的MatteoGarbelotto教授说，在树死后，以前用于运输营养物质和水的紧密密封的管道系统变得空了，允许一些生物通过)”可知，枯树的主要功能是支持物种和维持生物多样性。故选C。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Theseemptytrunks,stillstandingupright,arealsocalledsnagsorwildlifetrees.(这些仍然直立的空树干也被称为荆棘树或野生树)”以及后文“theycanhostahighdiversityofspeciesthatvariesfromtoptobottom(它们可以容纳从上到下变化的高度多样性的物种)”可知，枯树可以容纳从上到下变化的高度多样性的物种，这是因为它们处于直立位置。故划线词意思是“树的直立位置”。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Fungidomuchofthehardworkofspeedingupthedecompositionprocess,softeningthehardtrunkintosomethingwithmanysmallholes.

(真菌在加速分解过程中做了很多艰苦的工作，把坚硬的树干软化成有许多小孔的东西)”可知，真菌加速了枯树的分解。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Atfirstglance,adeadtreemightjustlooklikealifeless,fallenlog.Butlookcloser:beneaththerottingbark(树皮),thewoodisfulloflife.(乍一看，一棵死树可能只是看起来像一个没有生命的，倒下的原木。但仔细看，在腐烂的树皮下，木头充满了生命)”结合文章主要说明了枯树可以支持物种和维持生物多样性，介绍了枯树中存在的生命形式可知，A选项“死树的来世”最符合文章标题。故选A。DRecently,Earthgrabbeditselfasecondmoonintheformofanewlydiscoveredasteroid(小行星)named2024PT5.Unlikethemoon,Earth’sprimarycompanionwhichhasaccompaniedourplanetforaround4.5billionyears,this“newmini-moon”willstickaroundforjusttwomonthsbeforeitheadsbacktoitshomeinanasteroidbeltfollowingourplanetandorbitingthesun.Ateamofscientistsspotted2024PT5astheyroutinelymonitorednewlydiscoveredobjectsaroundEarth.“TheasteroidpayingusavisitbelongstotheArjunaasteroidbelt,asecondaryasteroidbeltmadeofspacerocksthatfollowtheorbitverysimilartothatofEarthatanaveragedistancetothesunofabout150millionkilometers,”saidresearchleadauthorCarlosdelaFuenteMarcos.MarcosexplainedthatsomeoftheseasteroidsintheArjunaasteroidbeltcanapproachEarthatacloserangeofaround4.5millionkilometersandatlowspeedsofaround3,540kilometersperhour.“Undertheseconditions,oneoftheseasteroidsmaybecapturedbyEarth’sgravityandbecomeatemporarymoonofEarth.Theasteroid2024PT5willundergothisprocessforabouttwomonths,”Marcosadded.“ItwillnotfollowafullorbitaroundEarth.”Mini-mooneventscomeintwoflavors.Thefirstisaboutlongepisodesduringwhichtheasteroidcompletesoneormorerevolutionsaboutourplanet,withthesegravitationalengagements(引力作用)lastingoneormoreyears.Thesecondtypeofepisodesisshortengagementsinwhichthesmallbodydoesnotcompleteonefullrevolution.Thesetemporarycapturescanlastjustdays,weeksorevenafewmonths.Shortmini-mooneventsarerelativelyfrequent,withseveraleventshappeningperdecade.Longmini-moonevents,ontheotherhand,arerarewithEarthexperiencingonearoundeverytenortwentyyears.Unfortunately,duringitsoccupationaroundEarth,2024PT5won’tbevisibletothevastmajorityofskywatchers.“Theasteroidistoosmallanddarkfortypicalamateurtelescopes.However,itiswellwithinthebrightnessrangeoftypicaltelescopesbyprofessionalastronomers,”Marcossaid.12.Howlongwilltheasteroid2024PT5staynearEarth?A.Overadecade. B.Abouttwomonths.C.Lessthanaweek. D.Around4.5billionyears.13.Whatmakes2024PT5a“minimoon”ratherthanatruemoon?A.ItlacksastableorbitaroundEarth. B.Itissmallerthanotherasteroids.C.ItmovesfasterthanEarth’smoon. D.Itreflectstoolittlelighttobeseen.14.Whatwritingtechniqueisusedtoexplainmini-moonevents?A.Definition. B.Classification. C.Comparison. D.Illustration.15.WhatcanweinferfromMarcos’wordsfromthelastparagraph?A.Theasteroid2024PT5isunusuallybright.B.Skywatchersshouldpurchaseadvancedtelescopes.C.Professionalknowledgeisneededforasteroidobservation.D.Amateurtelescopesarenotpowerfultoobserve2024PT5.【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新发现的小行星2024PT5将在地球附近停留大约两个月，对这颗小行星的情况进行了说明。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Unlikethemoon,Earth’sprimarycompanionwhichhasaccompaniedourplanetforaround4.5billionyears,this“newmini-moon”willstickaroundforjusttwomonthsbeforeitheadsbacktoitshomeinanasteroidbeltfollowingourplanetandorbitingthesun.(月球是地球的主要伴星，已经陪伴地球大约45亿年了。与月球不同的是，这颗“新的迷你卫星”将在地球上停留两个月，然后就会回到它位于小行星带的家，它跟着地球绕太阳运行。)”可知，2024PT5小行星将在地球附近停留大约两个月。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theasteroid2024PT5willundergothisprocessforabouttwomonths,”Marcosadded.“ItwillnotfollowafullorbitaroundEarth.”(小行星2024PT5将经历这一过程大约两个月，”马科斯补充道。“它不会沿着环绕地球的完整轨道运行。”)”可知，2024PT5是“迷你月球”而不是真正的月球因为它没有一个稳定的绕地球轨道。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Mini-mooneventscomeintwoflavors.Thefirstisaboutlongepisodesduringwhichtheasteroidcompletesoneormorerevolutionsaboutourplanet,withthesegravitationalengagements(引力作用)lastingoneormoreyears.Thesecondtypeofepisodesisshortengagementsinwhichthesmallbodydoesnotcompleteonefullrevolution.Thesetemporarycapturescanlastjustdays,weeksorevenafewmonths.Shortmini-mooneventsarerelativelyfrequent,withseveraleventshappeningperdecade.Longmini-moonevents,ontheotherhand,arerarewithEarthexperiencingonearoundeverytenortwentyyears.(迷你月亮活动有两种形式。第一种是关于小行星绕地球一周或多次的长时间事件，这些引力作用持续一年或更长时间。第二种类型的情节是短暂的交战，其中小身体没有完成一次完整的旋转。这些临时捕获可能只持续几天、几周甚至几个月。短暂的小月亮事件相对频繁，每十年发生几次。另一方面，地球每十年或二十年就会经历一次长时间的小月亮事件，这是罕见的。)”可知，通过分类法来解释小月亮事件。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theasteroidistoosmallanddarkfortypicalamateurtelescopes.However,itiswellwithinthebrightnessrangeoftypicaltelescopesbyprofessionalastronomers(对于典型的业余望远镜来说，这颗小行星太小、太暗了。然而，它完全在专业天文学家使用的典型望远镜的亮度范围内)”可知，业余望远镜不够强大，无法观测2024PT5。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Almosteveryoneprocrastinates(拖延).Whetherit’savoidinganassignment,delayinghousechores,orputtingoffavisittothedentist,we’veallbeenthere.Thetasksyouavoidaren’talwayshardortime-consuming,buttheymaytriggerdiscomfort,leadingtostressandguilt.____16____Beginwithbite-sizedtasks.Oneofthebiggestreasonsweprocrastinateisthattasksseemtoobigoroverwhelming.____17____Whenyoubreakataskintosmallersteps,itbecomesmuchmoremanageable.Forexample,ifyou’reavoidingcleaningyourroom,don’taimtofinishitinoneday.Instead,focusonsortingjustonecornerororganizingasingleshelf.____18____Weoftenprocrastinateonthetaskswefindmostunpleasant.Whetherit’sanawkwardconversationyouneedtohaveoraparticularlytoughassignment,puttingoffthesetasksonlyincreasesanxiety.However,ifyoudothemfirstinthemorning,you’llfreeupmentalspacetohandletherestofyourdaymoresmoothly.Userewardstostaymotivated.____19____Onewaytoencourageyourselftotackleuncomfortabletasksisbyusingrewards.Pairanunpleasanttaskwithadesirableactivity,orpromiseyourselfatreatoncethetaskisdone.Thismethodtransformsthetaskintoasteppingstonetosomethingyouenjoy.Applythetwo-minuterule.Thetwo-minuterulesuggeststhatifataskcanbedoneintwominutesorless,doitimmediately.____20____Forexample,ifyouneedtosendaquickemail,respondtoatext,orwashafewdishes,handleitimmediately.Thesesmallactionsmightseeminsignificant,buttheycanclearyourmentalburdenandcreatemomentum(动力)towardslargertasks.A.Cutdownondecisions.B.Tackleyourtoughesttaskfirst.C.Ithelpsstopsmalltasksfrompilingup.D.Sometimes,weneedalittleexternalpush.E.Thetrickistobeginwithsomethingsimple.F.Belowaresomestrategiestohelpyouconquerprocrastination.G.Itencouragesyoutotakeactionwhenyou’re70percentready.【答案】16.F17.E18.B19.D20.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了克服拖延的几种有效策略。【16题详析】上文“Thetasksyouavoidaren’talwayshardortime-consuming,buttheymaytriggerdiscomfort,leadingtostressandguilt.(你避免的任务并不总是困难或耗时的，但它们可能会引发不适，导致压力和内疚)”说明拖延会带来的问题。空处和前文为顺接关系，引出下文介绍克服拖延的方法。所以F项“以下是一些帮助你克服拖延的策略。”符合语境。故选F。【17题详析】上文“Oneofthebiggestreasonsweprocrastinateisthattasksseemtoobigoroverwhelming.(我们拖延的最大原因之一是任务看起来太大或太艰巨)”说明任务太大或太艰巨会导致拖延。下文“Whenyoubreakataskintosmallersteps,itbecomesmuchmoremanageable.(当你把一项任务分解成更小的步骤时，它就会变得更容易管理)”说明把任务分解成小步骤可以克服拖延。空处承上启下，说明克服拖延的技巧是从简单的事情开始。所以E项“诀窍是从简单的事情开始。”符合语境，该项中的“beginwithsomethingsimple”和下文中的“breakataskintosmallersteps”相呼应。故选E。【18题详析】下文“Weoftenprocrastinateonthetaskswefindmostunpleasant.Whetherit’sanawkwardconversationyouneedtohaveoraparticularlytoughassignment,puttingoffthesetasksonlyincreasesanxiety.However,ifyoudothemfirstinthemorning,you’llfreeupmentalspacetohandletherestofyourdaymoresmoothly.(我们经常拖延那些我们觉得最不愉快的任务。无论是你需要进行的一次尴尬的谈话，还是一项特别艰巨的任务，推迟这些任务只会增加焦虑。然而，如果你早上先把它们做完，你就会腾出心理空间，让一天的其余时间更顺利地进行)”说明要先处理最艰巨的任务。空处为段落主题句，概括本段内容。所以B项“先处理最艰巨的任务。”符合语境。故选B。【19题详析】上文“Userewardstostaymotivated.(用奖励来保持动力)”说明要用奖励来激励自己。下文“Onewaytoencourageyourselftotackleuncomfortabletasksisbyusingrewards.(鼓励自己处理不舒服的任务的一种方法是使用奖励)”说明需要激励来处理不舒服的任务。空处承上启下，解释为什么需要奖励，即有时候我们需要一点外部的推动。所以D项“有时候，我们需要一点外部推动。”符合语境，该项中的“alittleexternalpush”和下文中的“byusingrewards”相呼应。故选D。【20题详析】上文“Thetwo-minuterulesuggeststhatifataskcanbedoneintwominutesorless,doitimmediately.(两分钟规则建议，如果一项任务可以在两分钟或更短的时间内完成，那就立即去做)”说明两分钟规则的内容。空处和前文为因果关系，阐述这样做的好处是能阻止小任务堆积。所以C项“它有助于阻止小任务堆积起来”符合语境，该项中的It指代前文中的“Thetwo-minuterule”。后文“Forexample,ifyouneedtosendaquickemail,respondtoatext,orwashafewdishes,handleitimmediately.(例如，如果你需要快速发送一封电子邮件、回复一条短信，或者洗几个盘子，那就立即去处理)”举例说明了可以立即处理的小任务。故选C。故选C。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Twoyearsago,SusieGriffin,theownerofDunwoodyHairSalonintheMt.VernonShoppingCenter,cametoworkearlyonemorningtofindahomelessman____21____onabenchneartheentrancetoherbusiness.Insteadof____22____himaway,shetookaninterestinhim.ShelearnedhisnameisKen.WhilenotfullycomprehendingKen’s____23____,butlearningthathewasestrangedfromhisfamily,Griffindecidedtohelphim.Itwas____24____thathesufferedfromavarietyofmentalissues,butGriffindecidedtohelp.Shebroughthimclothesandfood____25____.Hewasn’talwaysnearthe____26____,buthewasaroundenoughthatitbecamea____27____forhertoprovidehimwithameal,snacks,orwater.Soonherclientsandfriends____28____helpinghim.Whenitwascold,theygavehimasleepingbag;when____29____weatherwaspredicted,theybroughthimaraincoatandumbrella.Itsoonbecameacommunityof____30____.Once,whenhehadbeen____31____forseveralweeks,GriffindrovearoundAtlanta,finally____32____himonastreetcornerinDecatur.“Hesaidhejustdecidedtowalkthere,”shesaid.Ken____33____toDunwoodyandthecommunityoutreachcontinueduntilamonthago,whenhewashitbyacarwhilecrossingDunwoodyVillageParkway.He____34____significantheadinjuries.Griffinandhercommunitysaidtheyare____35____tohelpingKen.“Ican’tdoalottohelppeople,butIcanhelpKen,”shesaid.21.A.playing B.drawing C.singing D.sleeping22.A.driving B.taking C.sending D.pushing23.A.family B.history C.preference D.hobby24.A.awful B.strange C.obvious D.abnormal25.A.regularly B.clumsily C.deliberately D.casually26.A.park B.mall C.square D.shop27.A.burden B.recreation C.privilege D.habit28.A.engagedin B.persistedin C.excelledin D.delightedin29.A.moderate B.mild C.rough D.pleasant30.A.protesters B.advocates C.donors D.helpers31.A.missing B.traveling C.working D.migrating32.A.seizing B.observing C.chasing D.spotting33.A.contributed B.returned C.submitted D.journeyed34.A.avoided B.suffered C.caused D.accumulated35.A.attached B.opposed C.subjected D.committed【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.A26.D27.D28.A29.C30.D31.A32.D33.B34.B35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了美发沙龙的老板苏西·格里芬遇到了一个在门口长凳上睡觉的流浪汉，于是格里芬决定帮助他，经常给他提供饭菜和衣服，其他人也加入了进来。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年前，弗农山购物中心邓伍迪美发沙龙的老板苏西·格里芬一天一大早来上班，发现一个无家可归的人睡在她店门口的长凳上。A.playing玩耍；B.drawing绘画；C.singing唱歌；D.sleeping睡觉。根据上文“ahomelessman”以及后文“onabenchneartheentrancetoherbusiness”可知，无家可归的人睡在长椅上，其他选项不符合语境。故选D。【22题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她不但没有把他赶走，反而对他产生了兴趣。A.driving(away)驱赶；B.taking(away)带走；C.sending(away)派遣；D.pushing(away)推开。根据上文提到无家可归的人睡在她店门口的长凳上，推测她本来可以把这个人赶走的。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然不完全了解肯的历史，但得知他与家人疏远后，格里芬决定帮助他。A.family家庭；B.history历史；C.preference偏爱；D.hobby爱好。根据后文“butlearningthathewasestrangedfromhisfamily”此处指了解肯的个人历史情况，故选B。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，他患有各种各样的精神问题，但格里芬决定帮助他。A.awful糟糕的；B.strange奇怪的；C.obvious显然的；D.abnormal反常的。根据后文“hesufferedfromavarietyofmentalissues”以及上文“learningthathewasestrangedfromhisfamily”提到遭到了家人的疏远，推测指他明显患有各种各样的精神问题，其他选项不符合语境。故选C。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她定期给他送衣服和食物。A.regularly定期地；B.clumsily笨拙地；C.deliberately故意地；D.casually随意地。根据后文“hewasaroundenough”以及上文提到她决定帮助流浪汉，所以是定期给他送衣服和食物。故选A。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他并不总是在商店附近，但他经常在附近，所以她给他提供一顿饭、零食或水已经成为一种习惯。A.park公园；B.mall购物中心；C.square广场；D.shop商店。根据上文“Twoyearsago,SusieGriffin,theownerofDunwoodyHairSalonintheMt.VernonShoppingCenter”指流浪汉在格里芬的商店附近，故选D。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他并不总是在商店附近，但他经常在附近，所以她给他提供一顿饭、零食或水已经成为一种习惯。A.burden负担；B.recreation娱乐；C.privilege特权；D.habit习惯。根据后文“forhertoprovidehimwithameal,snacks,orwater”以及上文“hewasaroundenough”提到他经常在附近，故推测她给他提供一顿饭、零食或水已经成为一种习惯。故选D。【28题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，她的客户和朋友参与帮助他。A.engagedin参与；B.persistedin坚持；C.excelledin出色；D.delightedin喜爱。根据后文“Whenitwascold,theygavehimasleepingbag”指她的客户和朋友参与帮助他。故选A。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天冷的时候，他们给他一个睡袋；预报天气恶劣时，他们给他带来了雨衣和雨伞。A.moderate普通的；B.mild轻微的；C.rough粗暴的，恶劣的；D.pleasant令人愉快的。根据后文“weatherwaspredicted,theybroughthimaraincoatandumbrella”可知，带来雨衣和雨伞说明天气恶劣。故选C。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它很快变成了一个帮助者社区。A.protesters反对者；B.advocates提倡；C.donors捐赠者；D.helpers帮助者。根据上文“Whenitwascold,theygavehimasleepingbag”以及“Griffindecidedtohelphim.”可知，大家纷纷帮助流浪汉，成了帮助者社区。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，他失踪了好几个星期，格里芬开车在亚特兰大转圈，最后在迪凯特的一个街角发现了他。A.missing失踪，错过；B.traveling旅行；C.working工作；D.migrating迁移。根据后文“forseveralweeks,GriffindrovearoundAtlanta”可知，格里芬开车在亚特兰大转圈，推测流浪汉失踪了好几个星期。故选A。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，他失踪了好几个星期，格里芬开车在亚特兰大转圈，最后在迪凯特的一个街角发现了他。A.seizing抓住；B.observing观察；C.chasing追赶；D.spotting发现。根据后文“himonastreetcornerinDecatur”可知，格里芬最后在迪凯特的一个街角发现了流浪汉。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：肯回到了邓伍迪，社区服务一直持续到一个月前，他在穿过邓伍迪村公园路时被一辆车撞了。A.contributed捐助；B.returned返回；C.submitted提交；D.journeyed旅行。根据后文“toDunwoody”以及“whenhewashitbyacarwhilecrossingDunwoodyVillageParkway”可知，格里芬找到了流浪汉，所以肯回到了原来的社区，后来受了伤。故选B。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他头部严重受伤。A.avoided避免；B.suffered遭受；C.caused造成；D.accumulated积累。根据后文“significantheadinjuries”指遭受头部重伤。故选B。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：格里芬和她的社区表示，他们致力于帮助肯。A.attached附加的；B.opposed反对的；C.subjected服从的；D.committed尽心尽力的。根据后文“Ican’tdoalottohelppeople,butIcanhel