2024-2025学年广东部分学校高二下学期期中联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中联考英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AHerewetakeadeepdiveintoSwedishfoodculture,itsmostpopulartraditionaldishesandregionalspecialties.MeatballsIfSwedenhadanationaldish,itwouldbemeatballsservedwithmashedpotatoes.Youcan’tgowrongwithaplateofsteaming-hotbeefballsinsauceandpairedwithbutterymash,greenpeasandjam.Thebestmeatballsarehomemade,usingarecipethathasbeenpasseddownthroughthegenerations.Pickledherring(腌制鲱鱼)Alsocentraltotheholidayfoodispickledherringofallsorts.Whetherhomemadeorstore-bought,thefishisstrongandrichinflavor.Itpairswellwithbutteredbreadorpotatoes.TheleadingbrandofSwedishpickledherringAbba—likethepopgroup,thoughunrelated—datesbackto1838.CuredsalmonAnotherfestivefavoriteisgravlax(盐渍生鲑鱼),thinlyslicedsalmonmadewithsalt,sugaranddill.Servedcold,it’softenenjoyedwithasweetmustardsauce,alongwithbreadorpotatoes.ThenameofthedishcomesfromtheSwedishword“grav”asitwasonce“buried”inthegroundtopreserve.Thesedaysyou’llfinditprepackagedinhigh-qualitygrocerystoresworldwide.GoosedinnerSt.Martin’sEvehasbeencelebratedwithagoosefeastinvariouspartsofEurope.InSweden,thecustomistypicalofSkane,thesouthernmostprovince,hometoitslargegoosebreed.Thetraditionalmealconsistsof“blacksoup”(goosebloodseasonedwithclovesandwine),theroastgooseservedwithgoose-liversausage,potatoesandsprouts,followedbyapplecakefordessert.1.WhichofthefollowingisconsideredasSweden’snationaldish?A.Goosedinnerstuffedwithfruit. B.Curedsalmonenjoyedwithsauce.C.Meatballspairedwithmashedpotatoes. D.Pickledherringservedwithbutteredbread.2.WhatcanweknowaboutthebrandAbba?A.Ithasalonghistory. B.Ithasauniquerecipe.C.Itisnamedafteramusicband. D.Itishomemadeindifferentflavors.3.Wheredoesthename“gravlax”comefrom?A.Thewayitwasoncepreserved. B.Theplacewhereitwasfirstmade.C.TheholidaycelebratedinSweden. D.Theingredientsusedtomakesalmon.【答案】1.C2.A3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了瑞典的各种特色美食文化。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“IfSwedenhadanationaldish,itwouldbemeatballsservedwithmashedpotatoes.(如果瑞典有一道国菜，那一定是肉丸配土豆泥)”可知，瑞典的国菜被认为是肉丸和土豆泥。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“TheleadingbrandofSwedishpickledherringAbba—likethepopgroup,thoughunrelated—datesbackto1838.(瑞典腌鲱鱼的主要品牌Abba——和流行乐队Abba一样，虽然没有关系——可以追溯到1838年)”可知，Abba这个品牌有着悠久的历史。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“ThenameofthedishcomesfromtheSwedishword“grav”asitwasonce“buried”inthegroundtopreserve.(这道菜的名字来自瑞典语“grav”，因为它曾经被“埋”在地下保存)”可知，“gravlax”这个名字来源于它曾经被“埋”在地下保存的方式。故选A。BInthesummerof2022,ecologistTrondLarsenfromConservationInternationalled12Peruvianscientists,aidedbylocalAwajuntribeguides,totheAltoMayoregioninnorthernPeru.Despitedeforestationforagriculture,theexpeditionyieldedremarkableresultsover38days.Onthefirstnight,LarsenfoundarareBolitoglossasalamander(火舌蝾螈)newtoscienceinasmallwhitesandforestpatch.Bytheendofthetrip,they’ddocumented2046species,27ofwhichhadneverbeenrecordedbyscientists.Aswimmingmouseparticularlycapturedtheheartsoftheteam.Thisnewly-describedspeciesispartofalargergroupofraresemi-aquaticrodents(啮齿动物).Ithaspartiallywebbedtoesandlivesalotofitslifeunderwater,swimmingandhuntingaquaticinsects.Roundingoutthelistofmammalswasasquirrel,abatandaspinymouse.Thediscoveryoffournewmammalspecieswasremarkable.Amongthefish,eightnewspeciesweredescribed,liketheblob-headedcatfish.Interestingly,thisfishwasalreadypartoftheAwajun’straditionaldiet.YulisaTiwi,anAwajunwomanontheteam,founditamusingthatitwasnewtoscience.However,findingtheAtelopusfrogsurprisedTiwi.Hergrandparentshadtoldherstoriesofthisfrog’spoisonusedonweapons.Seeingitagainmadeherthrilled.TiwihopesfutureresearchersworkinginPeruwillcooperatewithAwajunwomen.Shebelievestheyhavevaluabletraditionalknowledgeabouttheland,food,plants,andforestnavigation.Larsenechoedthis,stressingthattheexpedition’ssuccesswaslargelyduetotheAwajunpeople’sprotectionoftheirindigenouslands,theforestsandthebiodiversity.Giventhatscientistshadn’texpectedtofindsomanynewspeciesinahuman-dominatedarea,rightunderpeople’snoses,itmakesuswonder:Whatelseiswaitingrightinfrontofus?4.Whatwasthemaindiscoveryoftheexpeditionteam?A.AwhitesandforestintheAltoMayoregion.B.2046documentedspeciesincluding27newspecies.C.Somescarceinsectsandnewmammalspecies.D.ArecipefortheAwajunpeople’straditionaldiet.5.WhydidYulisaTiwifindthediscoveryofblob-headedcatfishamusing?A.Itlookedstrangetoscientists.B.Itwasdifficulttocatchunderwater.C.Itprovedhergrandparents’storieswerewrong.D.Itwasfamiliartoherbutunknowntoscience.6.WhatdidLarsenemphasizeabouttheexpedition’ssuccess?A.Theuseofmodernscientifictools. B.Theimportanceofinternationalcooperation.C.TheAwajun’sprotectionoftheirenvironment. D.Themeaningofsignificantbiologicaldiscoveries.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TopromotetourismintheAltoMayoregion.B.TocriticizeagriculturaldevelopmentinPeru.C.Toboostculturalexchangebetweencommunities.D.Todescribeascientificexpeditionanditsfindings.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一支由科学家和保护主义者组成的团队在人类活动频繁的秘鲁北部AltoMayo地区进行生物考察,揭示了该地区的生物多样性以及该团队的新物种发现。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Bytheendofthetrip,they’ddocumented2046species,27ofwhichhadneverbeenrecordedbyscientists.(到旅行结束时，他们记录了2046个物种，其中27个从未被科学家记录过)”可知，探险队的主要发现是记载了2046个物种，包括27种新种。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Interestingly,thisfishwasalreadypartoftheAwajun’straditionaldiet.YulisaTiwi,anAwajunwomanontheteam,founditamusingthatitwasnewtoscience.(有趣的是，这种鱼已经是阿瓦君传统饮食的一部分。研究小组的一位名叫尤利莎·蒂维的阿瓦津女性发现，这对科学来说是新的，这很有趣)”可知，尤利莎·提维觉得这一发现很有趣因为这对她来说很熟悉，但对科学来说是未知的。故选D。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Larsenechoedthis,stressingthattheexpedition’ssuccesswaslargelyduetotheAwajunpeople’sprotectionoftheirindigenouslands,theforestsandthebiodiversity.(拉森对此表示赞同，他强调这次探险的成功在很大程度上要归功于阿瓦君人对他们的土著土地、森林和生物多样性的保护)”可知，Larsen强调了考察行动成功主要归因于Awajun部落的人们对环境的保护。故选C。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Bytheendofthetrip,they’ddocumented2046species,27ofwhichhadneverbeenrecordedbyscientists.(到旅行结束时，他们记录了2046个物种，其中27个从未被科学家记录过)”以及文章主要讲述了一支由科学家和保护主义者组成的团队在人类活动频繁的秘鲁北部AltoMayo地区进行生物考察的经历，揭示了该地区的生物多样性以及该团队的新物种发现。因此推断文章的主要目的是讲述一次生物考察行动及其重要发现。故选D。CItmaysurprisesomepeopleunfamiliarwiththecomicbookindustry,withitsmultibillion-dollarmovietie-ins,thatithasbeenontheedgeofcollapsemultipletimesoverthedecades.NowAltoolsareaddingnewfearsofadeathknell.Frompoliticalcensorship(审查)inthe1950stoasalescrashinthe1990sandthemoderneraofdigitaldistribution,creatorscanbeunderstandablyopposedtoatechnologywidelyviewedasavehicleforcopyrighttheft.SomeartistsareembracinggenerativeAIdespitetensionsoveritsuse,hopingtoridethedisruptivewavelikecomicbookcreatorshavedonetimeandagaintosurvive.ButmanycreatorsthinkAI’sadvantagesdon’toutweighitsdownsides.AmyReeder,anestablishedartist,believesshelostpotentialworkduetothetech.“I’mprettysurethatIwasofferedandthenlostajobbecauseofAI,”shesaid.SteveEllis,anindustryveteranandartteacher,saidheremainsconcernedaboutthepotentialbarrierstoentryAlcouldcreateinthecomicbookindustry.Hehighlighted“thelittlegigs(工作)thatgettakenandallthoselittlegigstakeawaythetrainingwheels,theskillbuilding”foryoungartists.“Talkingtothestudents,theyreallyareworriedandaffectedanddon’tknowwhattodo,andIthinksomeofthemprobablyareconsideringhowIusethisinmywork,”Ellisadded.Evensomeestablishedartistswithasecurepositionintheindustrydon’tfeelsafe,afraidthattheircopyrightedmaterialisbeingstolenwithoutpayments,usedtotrainthediffusion(扩散)modelsandaddedtocommercialworkwithouttheirsay.ComicartistBenCaldwellarguedthatAladvocatesoftenechotheviewsofalarger“anti-IPmovement”lookingtofreeupbigcorporatecopyrights,suchasthoseownedbyDisney,“whichisunderstandableintermsofwantingtopreventalockdownofcreativity,buthasbeeninsomecasesblindly,inothercasesdeliberately,weaponizedagainstsmallcreators.”8.Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwords“deathknell”inparagraph1?A.Awarningsignalofdecline. B.Atoolforcreativeinspiration.C.Aproposalforcopyrightissues. D.Asymboloftechnologicalprogress.9.WhydosomeartistsembracegenerativeAI?A.Tocreateartinabrand-newstyle. B.ToreplacetraditionaldrawingwithAI.C.Tofollowthelatesttechnologicaltrend. D.Tostaycompetitiveinthechangingindustry.10.WhatisSteveEllis’mainconcernaboutAlinthecomicindustry?A.Itreducesthenumberofcomicbooks. B.Itcausesmorecompetitionamongartists.C.Itmakescomicarteducationunnecessary. D.Itpreventsthedevelopmentofyoungartists.11.WhatisBenCaldwell’sattitudetowardthe“anti-IPmovement”?A.Fullysupportive. B.Stronglyopposed.C.Cautiouslyneutral. D.Completelyindifferent.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕人工智能对漫画行业的影响展开论述，呈现不同创作者对AI的看法和担忧。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“ithasbeenontheedgeofcollapsemultipletimesoverthedecades(在过去的几十年里，它已经多次处于崩溃的边缘)”及“NowAItoolsareaddingnewfears ofa deathknell(现在，人工智能工具又增添了对deathknell新的恐惧)”可知，漫画产业多次濒临崩溃，AI可能加速其衰落，“deathknell”喻指行业衰落的警示。故选A。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“SomeartistsareembracinggenerativeAIdespitetensionsoveritsuse,hopingtoridethedisruptivewavelikecomicbookcreatorshavedonetimeandagaintosurvive.(一些艺术家正在接受生成人工智能，尽管它的使用存在紧张局势，他们希望像漫画创作者一次又一次地生存下来一样，利用颠覆性的浪潮)”可知，有些艺术家会接受生成式AI是为了在不断变化的行业中保持竞争力。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Hehighlighted“thelittlegigs(工作)thatgettakenandallthoselittlegigstakeawaythetrainingwheels,theskillbuilding”foryoungartists.(他强调，对于年轻艺术家来说，‘小工作被拿走了，所有这些小工作都带走了训练的轮子，带走了技能的培养’)”可知，史蒂夫·埃利斯对漫画行业中人工智能的主要担忧是小工作被夺走，年轻艺术家失去技能培养机会，它阻碍了年轻艺术家的发展。故选D。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ComicartistBenCaldwellarguedthatAladvocatesoftenechotheviewsofalarger“anti-IPmovement”lookingtofreeupbigcorporatecopyrights,suchasthoseownedbyDisney,“whichisunderstandableintermsofwantingtopreventalockdownofcreativity,buthasbeeninsomecasesblindly,inothercasesdeliberately,weaponizedagainstsmallcreators.”(漫画艺术家本·考德威尔认为，人工智能的倡导者经常呼应一场更大的‘反知识产权运动’的观点，他们希望解放大公司的版权，比如迪士尼拥有的版权。‘从防止创造力被封锁的角度来看，这是可以理解的，但在某些情况下，这是盲目的，在其他情况下，这是故意的，针对小创作者的武器。’)”可知，本·考德威尔对“反知识产权运动”持有谨慎、中立的态度。故选C。DDidyouremembertowearred-lightglasses,eatkiwifruit,takesupplementsandmakesureyourroomiscompletelydarkbeforeheadingtobed?Forgetthesimplebedtimeroutineofbrushingteethandwashingface.Nowpeopleinsearchofperfectsleepareaddingstepsthatcanincludesupplements,specificfoods,certainappsandotherdevices,andalayeredbeautyroutine.Thistrend,named“sleepmaxxing(睡眠优化)”,accordingtoDr.AnitaShelgikar,asleepspecialistattheUniversityofMichigan,combinesmultiplestrategiestomaximizesleepquality,drivenbyonlinevideosgettingmillionsofviews.Somesleepmaxxingtipsareevidence-based.Traditionaladvice—suchasmaintainingacool,darkbedroom,avoidingscreensbeforebed,andkeepingconsistentsleepschedules—remainsfoundational.Thecooltemperatureisbeneficialtothenaturalcool-downyourbodydoestoprepareyouforsleep.Bluelightfromscreensandothersourcescankeepyourbrainawakeandinterferewiththeproductionofmelatonin,thesleephormone,whilealcoholcancauserestlesssleepthroughoutthenight.Havingaregularbedtimehelpsyourbodyknowwhenit’stimeforshut-eye,makingfallingasleepeasier.Yetsomenewertrendsmaynotbeasreliable.Sleep-trackingapps,thoughusefulformonitoringhabits,mayfuelanxietyifoverused,saysDr.RafaelPelayoatStanfordUniversity,andtheiraccuracyisindoubt.Red-lightexposure’seffectonsleepisuncertain,lackingsolidevidence,withstudiessuggestingitmaystilldisruptsleep.Supplementsarepopularbutunnecessaryformostpeople.Overusemightmaskunderlyingdisorders,warnsShelgikar.Similarly,bedtimesnackslikekiwifruit-richinserotoninprecursors(血素前体)—mayhelp,butresultsvary.Riskierpracticesincludemouthtaping,dangerousforthosewithsleepapnea(呼吸暂停).Whilepersonalizedroutines(likenighttimeskincare)areacceptable,expertswarnagainstturningsleepintoa”high-pressurechore“.Sleepmaxxingcanbackfire,leadingtostressororthosomnia—anunhealthyobsessionwithachievingperfectsleep.Healthysleeprequiresbalance,notperfection.Thosewhoarestrugglingdespitegoodhabitsshouldconsultprofessionalsratherthanrelyingonsocialmediatrends.12.Whatistheauthor’sintentioninwritingthefirstparagraph?A.Toshowacommonbedtimeroutine. B.Tointroducethetopicof“sleepmaxxing”.C.Toemphasizetheimportanceofgoodsleep. D.Tolistsomeeffectivewaystoimprovesleep.13.Whichofthefollowingisascientificallysupportedsleeppractice?A.Eatingfruitsasbedtimesnacks. B.Keepingaconsistentsleepschedule.C.Usingred-lighttherapybeforebed. D.Drinkingalcoholtorelaxatnight.14.Whatcanbelearnedaboutsleep-trackingapps?A.Theyhelptotreatsleepdisorders. B.Theyareaccurateinmonitoringsleep.C.Theymaycauseanxietyifusedtoomuch. D.Theyarehighlyrecommendedbysleepexperts.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewTrends:theRoutetoIdealSleep B.Sleepmaxxing;theProsandConsoftheTrendC.PerfectSleep:theInfluenceofSleepmaxxing D.SleepQuality:theSolutiontoSleepProblems【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“睡眠优化”这一现象展开，说明其包含的各种方法、相关建议以及潜在问题。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Didyouremembertowearred-lightglasses,eatkiwifruit,takesupplementsandmakesureyourroomiscompletelydarkbeforeheadingtobed?Forgetthesimplebedtimeroutineofbrushingteethandwashingface.Nowpeopleinsearchofperfectsleepareaddingstepsthatcanincludesupplements,specificfoods,certainappsandotherdevices,andalayeredbeautyroutine.Thistrend,named“sleepmaxxing(睡眠优化)”,accordingtoDr.AnitaShelgikar,asleepspecialistattheUniversityofMichigan,combinesmultiplestrategiestomaximizesleepquality,drivenbyonlinevideosgettingmillionsofviews.(你还记得戴红灯眼镜，吃猕猴桃，服用补品，并确保你的房间在睡觉前完全黑暗吗？忘记睡前刷牙洗脸的简单习惯吧。现在，寻求完美睡眠的人们正在增加一些步骤，包括补充剂、特定食物、某些应用程序和其他设备，以及分层美容程序。密歇根大学睡眠专家安妮塔·谢尔吉卡博士表示，这种趋势被称为“睡眠优化”，它结合了多种策略来最大限度地提高睡眠质量，这是由在线视频获得数百万观看量推动的)”可知，第一段通过列举人们为追求完美睡眠所采取的一系列复杂行为，引出了“睡眠优化”这一核心话题。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Traditionaladvice—suchasmaintainingacool,darkbedroom,avoidingscreensbeforebed,andkeepingconsistentsleepschedules—remainsfoundational.(传统的建议——比如保持卧室凉爽、黑暗、睡前避免看屏幕、保持一致的睡眠时间表——仍然是基本的)”可知，规律作息是传统科学的建议。故选B。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Sleep-trackingapps,thoughusefulformonitoringhabits,mayfuelanxietyifoverused,saysDr.RafaelPelayoatStanfordUniversity,andtheiraccuracyisindoubt.(斯坦福大学的拉斐尔·佩拉约博士说，睡眠追踪应用程序虽然对监测习惯很有用，但如果过度使用，可能会加剧焦虑，而且它们的准确性值得怀疑)”可知，睡眠追踪应用如果过度使用可能引发焦虑。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thistrend,named“sleepmaxxing(睡眠优化)”,accordingtoDr.AnitaShelgikar,asleepspecialistattheUniversityofMichigan,combinesmultiplestrategiestomaximizesleepquality,drivenbyonlinevideosgettingmillionsofviews.(密歇根大学睡眠专家安妮塔·谢尔吉卡博士表示，这种趋势被称为“睡眠优化”，它结合了多种策略来最大限度地提高睡眠质量，这是由在线视频获得数百万观看量推动的)”以及文章详细阐述了“睡眠优化（sleepmaxxing）”在提升睡眠质量方面的多种策略，同时也着重指出了其中一些新趋势存在的不可靠性以及可能带来的诸如压力、睡眠强迫症等负面问题。B选项“睡眠优化：这一趋势的利弊”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Winterisaperfecttimetohaveastaycation.___16___.Takingthetimetoknowyourowntownorcitycanhelpyoulearnitsheritageandappreciateyoursurroundingsinanewlight.Here’showtogetstarted.Scheduleit___17___.Findatimewhenyouandyourfamilymembersaren’tbusywithcommitments.Alsotrytocompleteanyhouseholdchoresorhomeworkinadvancesoyoudon'thavetoworryaboutthosetasksduringyourstaycation.___18___Whenit’scoldoutside,youcantryarangeofindooractivitiesonyourstaycation.Findoutwhatsportsyourlocalrecreationcenteroffers.YourlocallibrarymayhaveLegoclubsorchesslessons.Nowisagoodtimetosharpenyourskillsinanewfield.PretendtobeatouristIfyouhavelivedinthesameplaceforawhile,youmightnotexploresomeofthelocalattractionsthatavisitormight.Askyourselfthisquestion:IfIhadafriendcomingtomytown,wherewouldIsuggesttheygo?Maybethere’sahistorichomeyoucantourorapopularrestaurantyou’veneverbeento.___19___.ConsiderdaytripsAlthoughyourtownisagreatplaceforastaycation,anywherethatiswithinashortdrive—whereyoudon’thavetostayovernight—canbeincludedonyourschedule.___20___.Thenenjoyexploringandmakingmemoriestogether!A.Pursueanewactivity.B.Practiceatypeofsports.C.Asanewtourist,youaredefinitelyeagertoexplorethelocalattractions.D.Justlikegoingonatripoutoftown,you'llwanttoplanyourstaycation.E.Alocalmuseum,zoo,oraquariummighthaveanexhibityouhaven’tseen.F.Talktoyourfamilyabouttheplacesyoucouldgothatareonetotwohoursaway.G.Itisaperiodinwhichyouparticipateinleisureactivitieswithinday-tripdistance.【答案】16.G17.D18.A19.E20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了冬季居家旅行（staycation）的一些技巧。【16题详析】根据上文“Winterisaperfecttimetohaveastaycation.(冬天是居家度假的最佳时间。)”以及下文“Takingthetimetoknowyourowntownorcitycanhelpyoulearnitsheritageandappreciateyoursurroundingsinanewlight.(花时间了解你自己的城镇或城市可以帮助你了解它的历史，并以新的眼光欣赏你周围的环境。)”可知，上文提到了居家度假，下文则提到了居家度假的好处，由此可知，空处承接上文继续说明居家度假的定义，G选项中“astaycation”对应上文中“astaycation”。故G选项“它是你参与一日游距离内的休闲活动的时间段”符合语境，故选G。【17题详析】根据小标题“Scheduleit(安排好时间。)”以及下文“Findatimewhenyouandyourfamilymembersaren’tbusywithcommitments.Alsotrytocompleteanyhouseholdchoresorhomeworkinadvancesoyoudon’thavetoworryaboutthosetasksduringyourstaycation.(找一个你和家人都没有其他安排的时间。试着提前完成任何家务或作业，这样你在居家度假时就不必担心这些任务了。)”可知，本段主要围绕居家度假的时间安排展开，D选项中“plan”对应小标题中“Schedule”。故D选项“就像出城旅行一样，你要计划好你的居家度假”符合语境，故选D。【18题详析】根据下文“Whenit’scoldoutside,youcantryarangeofindooractivitiesonyourstaycation.Findoutwhatsportsyourlocalrecreationcenteroffers.YourlocallibrarymayhaveLegoclubsorchesslessons.Nowisagoodtimetosharpenyourskillsinanewfield.(当外面很冷的时候，你可以在居家度假时尝试一系列的室内活动。看看你当地的娱乐中心提供什么运动。你当地的图书馆可能有乐高俱乐部或象棋课。现在是在一个新领域提高技能的好时机。)”可知，本段主要说明了居家度假时可以尝试的活动，A选项中“activity”对应下文中“activities”。故A选项“追求一项新的活动”符合语境，故选A。【19题详析】根据上文“Ifyouhavelivedinthesameplaceforawhile,youmightnotexploresomeofthelocalattractionsthatavisitormight.Askyourselfthisquestion:IfIhadafriendcomingtomytown,wherewouldIsuggesttheygo?Maybethere’sahistorichomeyoucantourorapopularrestaurantyou’veneverbeento.(如果你在一个地方住了一段时间，你可能不会像游客一样去探索当地的一些景点。问问自己这个问题：如果我有一个朋友来我的城市，我会建议他们去哪里？也许有一个你从未去过的历史悠久的房子或受欢迎的餐馆。)”可知，本段主要说明了要像游客一样去探索当地的景点，E选项中“local”对应上文中“local”。故E选项“当地的博物馆、动物园或水族馆可能有你没看过的展览”符合语境，故选E。【20题详析】根据上文“Althoughyourtownisagreatplaceforastaycation,anywherethatiswithinashortdrive—whereyoudon’thavetostayovernight—canbeincludedonyourschedule.(虽然你的城镇是居家度假的理想之地，但任何在短途车程范围内的地方——你不需要在那里过夜——都可以列入你的日程安排。)”以及下文“Thenenjoyexploringandmakingmemoriestogether!(然后一起享受探索和创造回忆的乐趣吧！)”可知，本段主要说明了一日游的情况，F选项中“onetotwohoursaway”对应上文中“withinashortdrive”。故F选项“和你的家人谈谈你可以去的一两个小时车程的地方”符合语境，故选F。第二部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AnnaSacks,knownasTheTrashWalker,transformedherlifefromworkingatabanktobecomingan___21___climate-changeactivist.Yearsago,Sacks___22___theAdamahprogram,aJewishfarmingprogramfocusingonsustainableliving.Inspiredbytheirminimalwastepractices,shemadeuphermindtoundertakea___23___tofightagainstconsumerwasteinNewYork.Sacksbegan“trashwalking”,___24___throughgarbageforreusablethings.Herdiscoverieswere___25___—designeraccessories(配饰),unopenedfood,andevenexpensivegoodslikenecklaces.She___26___herfindsontheInternet,drawingmuchattentiontohereye-openingvideosthat___27___thegreatamountofcompanyandconsumerwaste.“Oneman’strashisanother’streasure,andthatcouldn’tbemore___28___inmycase,”Sacksjoked,“Likeanurbantreasurehunter,I’vefoundmanypractical___29___likenewwoolsocks,holidaydecorations,andfreshflowers,whichIoftenkeeporsharewithothers.”Sacks’s____30____gobeyondpersonalgain.Heractionhas____31____companiestochangetheirwastepractices.Hervideoaboutthedestructionofexpensivehandbagsledafamousbrandto____32____destroyingin-storereturns.____33____,hervideoofCVS’swastecausedthecompanytoreconsideritsdisposal(清理)policies.Throughherunique____34____,Sackshasinspiredpeopletorethinktheirconsumptionhabitsandtakeactionagainstwaste,whichcan____35____amoresustainablefuture.21.A.influential B.efficient C.intelligent D.awkward22.A.founded B.joined C.expanded D.estimated23.A.survey B.fashion C.mission D.study24.A.searching B.begging C.struggling D.paying25.A.satisfying B.entertaining C.frustrating D.astonishing26.A.sold B.donated C.transported D.documented27.A.decrease B.expose C.collect D.limit28.A.wrong B.good C.true D.cool29.A.tools B.series C.clothes D.items30.A.experiments B.comments C.efforts D.appeals31.A.pressured B.prevented C.discouraged D.benefited32.A.continue B.resist C.consider D.quit33.A.Naturally B.Similarly C.Fortunately D.Originally34.A.symbol B.technique C.approach D.gesture35.A.contributeto B.applyto C.resultfrom D.checkout【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.A25.D26.D27.B28.C29.D30.C31.A32.D33.B34.C35.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被称为“垃圾行者”的安娜・萨克斯从银行职员转变为有影响力的气候变化活动家的经历。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：安娜・萨克斯，被称为“垃圾行者”，她将自己的生活从在银行工作转变为成为一名有影响力的气候变化活动家。A.influential有影响力的；B.efficient有效率的；C.intelligent聪明的；D.awkward尴尬的。根据上文“TheTrashWalker”和下文“tofightagainstconsumerwasteinNewYork”可知，安娜·萨克斯致力于反对消费浪费，在环保方面做出了贡献，是一名有影响力的气候变化活动家。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，萨克斯加入了“阿达玛”项目，这是一个专注于可持续生活的犹太农业项目。A.founded建立；B.joined加入；C.expanded扩展；D.estimated估计。根据下文“Inspiredbytheirminimalwastepractices,shemadeuphermindtoundertakea______tofightagainstconsumerwasteinNewYork.”可知，萨克斯受到“阿达玛”（Adamah）项目的影响，由此可知，她是加入了这个项目。故选B项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：受他们极少产生废弃物的做法所启发，她下定决心在纽约承担起一项对抗消费性废弃物的使命。A.survey调查；B.fashion时尚；C.mission使命；D.study研究。根据下文“tofightagainstconsumerwasteinNewYork”可知，萨克斯反对纽约的消费浪费，由此可知，她将反对消费浪费作为自己的使命。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：萨克斯开始了“垃圾行走”，在垃圾中搜寻可再利用的物品。A.searching搜寻；B.begging乞求；C.struggling挣扎；D.paying支付。根据下文“throughgarbageforreusablethings”可知，萨克斯在垃圾中搜寻可重复使用的东西。故选A项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的发现令人惊讶——有设计师配饰、未开封的食品，甚至还有像项链这样昂贵的物品。A.satisfying令人满意的；B.entertaining令人愉快的；C.frustrating令人沮丧的；D.astonishing令人吃惊的。根据破折号后“designeraccessories(配饰),unopenedfood,andevenexpensivegoodslikenecklaces”可知，萨克斯在垃圾中发现了设计师配饰、未开封的食物，甚至还有项链等昂贵的商品，这些发现令人吃惊。故选D项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在互联网上记录下自己的发现，她那些令人大开眼界的视频引起了很多关注，这些视频揭露了大量的企业和消费者的浪费行为。A.sold出售；B.donated捐赠；C.transported运输；D.documented记录。根据下文“hereye-openingvideos”可知，萨克斯将自己的发现记录成视频，发布到网上。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在互联网上记录下自己的发现，她那些令人大开眼界的视频引起了很多关注，这些视频揭露了大量的企业和消费者的浪费行为。A.decrease减少；B.expose揭露；C.collect收集；D.limit限制。根据上文“hereye-openingvideos”和下文“thegreatamountofcompanyandconsumerwaste”可知，萨克斯的视频令人大开眼界，揭露了公司和消费者的巨大浪费。故选B项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“一个人的垃圾是另一个人的宝贝，在我这种情况下，这句话再正确不过了，”萨克斯开玩笑说，“就像一个城市寻宝者，我找到了许多实用的物品，比如新的羊毛袜、节日装饰品和鲜花，我经常自己留着或者和别人分享。”A.wrong错误的；B.good好的；C.true正确的；D.cool酷的。根据上文“Oneman’strashisanother’streasure”和下文““Likeanurbantreasurehunter,I’vefoundmanypractical______likenewwoolsocks,holidaydecorations,andfreshflowers,whichIoftenkeeporsharewithothers.””可知，萨克斯认为对于自己来说，从垃圾中找到的物品都是实用的，由此可知，她认为“一个人的垃圾是另一个人的宝贝”这句话在自己这里再正确不过了。故选C项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“一个人的垃圾是另一个人的宝贝，在我这种情况下，这句话再正确不过了，”萨克斯开玩笑说，“就像一个城市寻宝者，我找到了许多实用的物品，比如新的羊毛袜、节日装饰品和鲜花，我经常自己留着或者和别人分享。”A.tools工具；B.series系列；C.clothes衣服；D.items物品。根据下文“likenewwoolsocks,holidaydecorations,andfreshflowers”可知，新的羊毛袜、节日装饰品和鲜花都属于物品。故选D项。【30题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨克斯的努力不仅仅是为了个人利益。A.experiments实验；B.comments评论；C.efforts努力；D.appeals呼吁。根据下文“Heractionhas______companies”可知，萨克斯的行为促使公司改变了浪费的做法，由此可知，她的努力超越了个人利益，对环境保护做出了贡献。故选C项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的行动给一些公司施加了压力，促使它们改变处理废弃物的方式。A.pressured施加压力，迫使；B.prevented阻止；C.discouraged使气馁；D.benefited使受益。根据下文“Hervideoaboutthedestructionofexpensivehandbagsledafamousbrandto______destroyingin-storereturns.______,hervideoofCVS’swastecausedthecompanytoreconsideritsdisposal(清理)policies.”可知，萨克斯的视频促使公司改变了浪费的做法，由此可知，她的行为迫使公司改变了做法。故选A项。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她关于昂贵手提包被销毁的视频导致一个著名品牌停止销毁店内的退货商品。A.continue继续；B.resist抵制；C.consider考虑；D.quit停止。根据上文“Heractionhas______companiestochangetheirwastepractices.”可知，萨克斯的行为促使公司改变了浪费的做法，由此可知，她关于昂贵手袋被毁的视频促使一个著名品牌停止在店内销毁退货商品。故选D项。【33题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同样地，她关于CVS（美国连锁药店）废弃物的视频使该公司重新考虑其废弃物处理政策。A.Naturally自然地；B.Similarly同样地；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Originally最初地。根据上文“Hervideoaboutthedestructionofexpensivehandbagsledafamousbrandto______destroyingin-storereturns.”和下文“hervideoofCVS’swastecausedthecompanytoreconsideritsdisposal(清理)policies”可知，萨克斯的视频促使一个著名品牌停止在店内销毁退货商品，同样，她关于CVS浪费的视频也促使该公司重新考虑其处理政策，两个视频带来的结果是相似的。故选B项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过她独特的方法，萨克斯激励人们重新思考自己的消费习惯，并采取行动对抗浪费，这有助于实现一个更可持续的未来。A.symbol象征；B.technique技术；C.approach方法；D.gesture手势。根据上文“Throughherunique”和下文“Sackshasinspiredpeopletorethinktheirconsumptionhabitsandtakeactionagainstwaste”可知，萨克斯通过自己独特的方法激励人们重新思考他们的消费习惯，并采取行动反对浪费。故选C项。【35题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过她独特的方法，萨克斯激励人们重新思考自己的消费习惯，并采取行动对抗浪费，这有助于实现一个更可持续的未来。A.contributeto有助于；B.applyto适用于；C.resultfrom由……导致；D.checkout结账离开。根据上文“Sackshasinspiredpeopletorethinktheirconsumptionhabitsandtakeactionagainstwaste”可知，萨克斯激励人们重新思考他们的消费习惯，并采取行动反对浪费，由此可知，这些行为有助于创造一个更可持续的未来。故选A项。第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1