2024-2025学年浙江省金兰教育合作组织高二下学期4月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省金兰教育合作组织2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AVirginiaWoolfdescribedstandingunderthe“vastdome”oftheReadingRoom,“asifonewereathoughtinthehugebaldforeheadwhichissosplendidlyencircledbyabandoffamousnames”(ARoomofOne’sOwn,1929).We’recelebratingtheReadingRoomreopeningwithaliterarytourthroughsomeofthefamousnameswhohaveusedthislibrary.Builtinthemid-19thcentury,theReadingRoompreviouslyhousedtheBritishMuseumLibraryandhasbeenusedbycountlessnovelists,poetsandplaywrightsthroughtime.HearfromnovelistTracyChevalier,writer,fashioncriticandcuratorCharliePorterandnovelistandstorytellerElifShafakonnotableauthorswhohaveusedtheReadingRoom,andhowthoseauthorsinspiredtheirownwriting.Theeventconcludeswithabook-signingsessionbythespeakers,from19:30-20:00,ofTheGlassmaker(2024),NovaScotiaHouse(2025)andThereAreRiversintheSky(2024).ThesebookswillbeavailabletopurchaseatthebookshopintheGreatCourt.Bookinginformation●Booknow(Openinnewwindow)tosecureyourplace.●Concessions(优惠)includeDisabledvisitors,job-seekers,seniors(60+)andstudents.TheeventisfreeforDisabledvisitors’assistants(bookingrequired).●DoorstotheReadingRoomwillopenatapproximately18:00fortheaudiencetotaketheirseats.●PleasenoteonlybottledwaterispermittedintheReadingRoom.Nofoodorotherdrinksareallowed.●EventticketholdersnolongerneedtojoinqueuesthatdevelopoutsidetheMuseumgates.Instead,youcangostraighttothefrontofthequeue,showyourconfirmationemailorpaperticket—andsecuritycolleagueswillguideyoutothefast-tracklane(leadingtothesecuritytent).●Pleaseallowtimetogothroughasecuritycheck,whichincludesabagcheckuponentrytotheMuseum.Scheduleddates●March2025●Friday14March●Times:18:30—19:301.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheeventdescribedinthetext?A.Topublicizeabook-signingevent.B.ToraisefundsfortheBritishMuseumLibrary.C.TocelebratethereopeningoftheReadingRoom.D.Tointroducehowauthorsdrewinspirationforwriting.2.Whatareattendeesallowedtodo?A.TakeseatsintheReadingRoomat17:30. B.Skipthelinewitheventtickets.C.Bringsoftdrinksandsnackswiththem. D.Enterthegatewithoutasecuritycheck.3.Wheredoesthetextprobablycomefrom?A.Anonlineannouncement B.AliterarymagazineC.Abookreview D.Anoticeboard【答案】1.C2.B3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个庆祝阅览室重新开放的活动情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“We’recelebratingtheReadingRoomreopeningwithaliterarytourthroughsomeofthefamousnameswhohaveusedthislibrary.(为了庆祝阅览室重新开放，我们将带大家参观一些曾经使用过这个图书馆的著名作家)”可知，文章中描述的活动的主要目的是庆祝阅览室重新开放。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Bookinginformation部分中“EventticketholdersnolongerneedtojoinqueuesthatdevelopoutsidetheMuseumgates.(活动门票持有者不再需要在博物馆大门外排队)”可知，有票的参加者进入博物馆时可以不排队。故选B。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“We’recelebratingtheReadingRoomreopeningwithaliterarytourthroughsomeofthefamousnameswhohaveusedthislibrary.Builtinthemid-19thcentury,theReadingRoompreviouslyhousedtheBritishMuseumLibraryandhasbeenusedbycountlessnovelists,poetsandplaywrightsthroughtime.(为了庆祝阅览室重新开放，我们将带大家参观一些曾经使用过这个图书馆的著名作家。阅览室建于19世纪中叶，以前是大英博物馆图书馆的所在地，无数小说家、诗人和剧作家都曾在这里工作过)”以及文章主要介绍了一个庆祝阅览室重新开放的活动情况，可知，这段文字可能来自网上公告。故选A。BForWilsonBentley,thelate-nineteenth-and-early-twentieth-centurymicrophotographicinnovatorandgenuinesnowflakeenthusiast,consideringthedazzlingarrayofkaleidoscopic(万花筒般的)snow-crystalformationswasarecreationthatneverlostitslustre.Bentleywasbornin1865andraisedonafarminJericho,Vermont.Hisfatherandbrotherspenttheirdaystendingtotheproperty.Bentleywasexpectedtopitchin,too,buthewasmoreinterestedinstudyingthelandthaninworkingit.Hefirsttriedhishandatdrawingthesnowflakes,butfoundthattheyweretooelaborateforhimtoreproducewithadequateprecision.Eventually,hegottheideatocapturethemphotographicallyinstead,butheranintoasignificanthurdle:thecamerathatheneededwouldcostaprincelysum.Aftertwoyearsofwaiting,hepersuadedhisparentstousepartofaninheritancethey’dreceivedafterthedeathofBentley’sgrandmothertogifthimaviewcameraforhisseventeenthbirthday.WhenthestandardcameralenscouldnotfocusascloselyasBentleyneeded,hedevisedaningenioussolution,jury-rigginghisbelovedmicroscopetothecamera’saccordion-likebellows.Hisothertools,helaternotedinapiecehewroteforthemagazinePopularMechanics,werehumble:“apairofthickmittens,microscopeslides,asharppointedwoodsplint,afeather,andaturkeywingorsimilarduster.”Recently,thephysicistKennethLibbrechthasbeenrefiningtheartofthelab-grownsnowflake,andhasmanagedtoexpandNakaya’stypologytothirty-fivecategories.Libbrecht’ssnowflakephotographs,alsoinspiredbyBentley,werecompiledinhisbook“FieldGuidetoSnowflakes,”andhavebeenfeaturedonstampsissuedbytheUnitedStatesPostalService.Inthebook,Libbrechtwritesthatyoudon’thavetobeascientistoraphotographertoenjoystudyingsnowflakes.Attheveryleast,“pullingoutyourmagnifier(放大镜)isdefinitelyaconversationstarter.”4.WhydidBentleyabandonthemethodofhand-drawingsnowflakes?A.Helackedproperdrawingmaterials.B.Anelaboratecamerawasunaffordable.C.Hefailedtopersuadehisparentstwoyearsago.D.Snowflakesaretoocomplextoreproduceaccurately.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeWilsonBentley?A.Curiousandpersistent. B.Impatientandreckless.C.Wealthyanddedicated. D.Humbleandcreative.6.WhatdoesKennethLibbrechtimply?A.Usingamagnifierisessentialforprofessionalscientificresearch.B.StudyingsnowflakesrequireshistoricalknowledgeofBentley’swork.C.Observingsnowflakesisforanyoneaslongasyoutakeaction.D.Magnifiersareoutdatedtoolscomparedtomodernlabequipment.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthistext?A.WilsonBentley:WhoUpdatedtheMagnifierB.ASnowflakeObsessive:WhoCapturedtheUniqueBeautyofSnowflakesC.AFarmer’sJourney:HowWilsonBentleyChangedPhotographyD.SnowflakesinArt:HowNatureInspiresCreativity【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了威尔逊·本特利发明了缩微摄影来记录雪花的美。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Hefirsttriedhishandatdrawingthesnowflakes,butfoundthattheyweretooelaborateforhimtoreproducewithadequateprecision.(他首先试着画雪花，但发现它们太复杂了，他无法精确地再现)”可知，Bentley放弃手绘雪花的方法是因为雪花太复杂了，无法准确地复制。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Bentleywasexpectedtopitchin,too,buthewasmoreinterestedinstudyingthelandthaninworkingit.(Bentley也被期望参与进来，但他对研究土地比对照料土地更感兴趣)”以及“Aftertwoyearsofwaiting,hepersuadedhisparentstousepartofaninheritancethey’dreceivedafterthedeathofBentley’sgrandmothertogifthimaviewcameraforhisseventeenthbirthday.(经过两年的等待，他终于说服父母拿出他们从本特利祖母去世后继承来的部分遗产，为他购置了一台观景相机作为他十七岁生日的礼物)”可知，WilsonBentley对土地充满好奇心，且愿意等待两年说明他执着。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Inthebook,Libbrechtwritesthatyoudon’thavetobeascientistoraphotographertoenjoystudyingsnowflakes.Attheveryleast,“pullingoutyourmagnifier(放大镜)isdefinitelyaconversationstarter.”(在书中，Libbrecht写道，你不必是科学家或摄影师，也能享受研究雪花的乐趣。至少，“拿出你的放大镜绝对是一个对话的开始。”)”可知，KennethLibbrecht的意思是只要你采取行动，任何人都可以观察雪花。故选C。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“ForWilsonBentley,thelate-nineteenth-and-early-twentieth-centurymicrophotographicinnovatorandgenuinesnowflakeenthusiast,consideringthedazzlingarrayofkaleidoscopic(万花筒般的)snow-crystalformationswasarecreationthatneverlostitslustre.(对于威尔逊·本特利，这位19世纪末20世纪初的缩微摄影创新者和真正的雪花爱好者来说，考虑到万花筒般令人眼花缭乱的雪晶结构是一种从未失去光泽的娱乐)”结合文章主要介绍了威尔逊·本特利发明了缩微摄影来记录雪花的美。可知，B选项“一个雪花迷：捕捉到了雪花的独特之美”最符合文章标题。故选B。CWeknowthatbeingphysicallyandemotionallypresentforchildreniscritical.NewresearchfromateamofbehavioralscientistsintheUKsuggeststhatthereisadirect,significantrelationshipbetweenthewayparentsrelatetofoodandtheirchildren’sfoodpractices.Inthestudies,parentswereassessedandsortedintofourdifferenttypesoffoodrelationships:typicaleating,greedyeating,emotionaleating,andavoidanteating.Theparentsthenprovidedinformationabouttheeatingbehaviorsoftheir3-to-6-year-oldchildren.About40%oftheparentsweretypicaleaters,withoutanysevereorintensebehaviorsrelatedtofood.Thegreedyeaters—about37%—wereparentswhosedecisiontoeatwasmoreheavilyguidedbycuesfromtheenvironmentandtheiremotions,ratherthantheirownhungercues.Theyscoredlowonsatietyresponsiveness(饱腹感反应)andslownessineatingmeasures.Almost16%oftheparentswereemotionaleaters,whoateinresponsetoemotionmorethananyothercuesandweremorelikelytoengageinemotionalovereating.Theremainingparents(6%)wereavoidanteaterswhodidnotenjoyfoodasmuchastheothersandwerepickyaboutfoodselections.Childrentendedtohaveasimilarfoodrelationshipastheirparents.Thesimilarityinfoodrelationshipstylewasespeciallyevidentinthosewhohadgreedyoravoidanteatingbehaviors.Parentswithangreedyoremotionalstyleoffoodrelationshiptendedtousefoodforemotionalregulationmorethanparentswithtypicaleatingbehaviors,whichcorrelatedwiththeirchildrenalsohavingagreedyoremotionalfoodrelationship.Theseparentswerealsolesslikelytocreateahealthy,positivefoodenvironmentathome.Whenthefoodenvironmentwasnothealthy,childrenweremorelikelytohaveavoidantrelationshipswithfood.Thefindingsfromthesedataanalysesprovideinsightintothetightlyboundnatureofparentandchildfoodrelationships,especiallyinregardtoemotionalregulation.Thoughbehaviorscanbechangedatanypointinlife,itisarguablyeasiertomovetowardadulthoodwithhealthyfoodbehaviorsthatwereestablishedinchildhood,ratherthanreconfigurethosehabitsasanadult.Giventhemajorinfluenceofparentalfoodrelationshipsonchildrensuggestedbythisresearch,perhapsmorecontinuedworkinthisfieldcanfunctionasacatalystforparentstoestablishhealthierfoodrelationships—firstforthemselves,andthenfortheirchildren.8.Howdidresearcherscategorizetheseparents?A.Bytrackinglong-termdietarychanges. B.Throughexperimentsonhungercues.C.Viachildren’sfeedbackonfamilymeals. D.Byevaluatingtheireatingbehaviors.9.Whichoneofthefollowingismorelikelytobeagreedyeatingparent?A.Jack,whosedietarydecisionisoftenaffectedbyhungercues.B.Mary,whotendstoovereatemotionally.C.Amy,whoissensitivetothesurroundingsandmoods.D.John,whoisveryparticularabouthisfoodchoices.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefindingsofthisresearch?A.Avoidant-eatingparentsraisechildrenwhoovereatemotionally.B.Childrenmirrorparents’eatingstyles,especiallygreedyandavoidanttypes.C.Typical-eatingparentscreateunhealthyfoodenvironmentsforchildren.D.Emotional-eatingparentsprioritizechildren’shungercues.11.Whatsuggestiondoestheresearchgiveforparents?A.Improvetheirownfoodhabitsbeforeguidingchildren.B.Strictlymonitorchildren’seatingbehaviorsintheirchildhood.C.Isolatechildrenfromemotionaleatingtriggers.D.Helpchildrenreconfiguretheirhabitsastheygrowolder.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国的一组行为科学家的新研究表明，父母与食物的关系方式和孩子的饮食行为之间存在直接且显著的关系。研究人员通过评估父母的饮食行为将其分为四种类型，并发现孩子的饮食关系往往与父母相似，最后提出研究建议父母先建立健康的饮食关系，进而影响孩子。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Inthestudies,parentswereassessedandsortedintofourdifferenttypesoffoodrelationships:typicaleating,greedyeating,emotionaleating,andavoidanteating.(在研究中，父母被评估并分为四种不同的食物关系类型：典型饮食、贪婪饮食、情绪化饮食和回避饮食)”可知，研究人员是通过评估父母的饮食行为来对他们进行分类的。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thegreedyeaters—about37%—wereparentswhosedecisiontoeatwasmoreheavilyguidedbycuesfromtheenvironmentandtheiremotions,ratherthantheirownhungercues.(约37%的贪婪饮食者，他们的饮食决定更多地受环境和自身情绪的影响，而非自身的饥饿信号)”可知，对周围环境和情绪敏感的父母更可能是贪婪饮食者。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Childrentendedtohaveasimilarfoodrelationshipastheirparents.Thesimilarityinfoodrelationshipstylewasespeciallyevidentinthosewhohadgreedyoravoidanteatingbehaviors.(孩子们往往与父母有着相似的食物关系。这种食物关系风格的相似性在那些有贪婪或回避饮食行为的人身上尤为明显)”可知，孩子会反映出父母的饮食风格，尤其是贪婪型和回避型。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Giventhemajorinfluenceofparentalfoodrelationshipsonchildrensuggestedbythisresearch,perhapsmorecontinuedworkinthisfieldcanfunctionasacatalystforparentstoestablishhealthierfoodrelationships—firstforthemselves,andthenfortheirchildren.(鉴于这项研究表明父母的食物关系对孩子有重大影响，或许在这个领域更多持续的研究可以促使父母先为自己，然后为孩子建立更健康的食物关系)”可推知，该研究建议父母在引导孩子之前先改善自己的饮食习惯。故选A。DUnliketheclosedsystemsofmajorartificialintelligencecompaniesintheUnitedStates,theChinesestartupsensationDeepSeekhasembracedanopensourceapproach.Thatpathisseenbysomeasfosteringcollaborationandexperimentationthatcouldleadtofasterbreakthroughs.Itsweb-basedchatinterfaceandmobileapparefreetouse.ThestrategycontrastssharplywithcompanieslikeOpenAI,whichkeeptheirmodelsproprietaryandchargemonthlyfeesforaccess.DeepSeek’sapproachhasgarneredstrongsupport,withopensourceadvocatessayingthattheUScouldadvancebyembracingthecheaper,moreaccessiblestrategy.ThecompanyhasdemonstratedthatAIbreakthroughscanbeachievedthroughinnovationratherthansheercomputingpower,challengingtheestablishedparadigmsofAIdevelopmentandsendingshockwavesthroughSiliconValley,WallStreetandWashington.DeepSeek,basedinHangzhou,Zhejiangprovince,hascapturedworldwideattentionoverthepasttwoweekswiththereleaseoftwolargelanguagemodelsthatrivaltheperformanceofthedominanttoolsdevelopedbyUStechgiants—butatafraction(微量)ofthecostandwithfarlesscomputingpower.Thecompanyachievedremarkableresultswithaninvestmentoflessthan$6millionandapproximately2,000lesssophisticatedchips.Forcomparison,Meta’slatestLlama3.1modelrequired16,000ofNvidia’sadvancedH100chipsfortraining—chipsthatarecurrentlyprohibitedforusebyChinesecompaniesunderUSexportcontrols.Facingtheconstraintofhigh-performingchips,DeepSeekdevelopedcreativemethodstotrainitsmodelsonlessadvancedchipsthroughoptimizationsinmodelarchitecture,trainingproceduresandhardwaremanagement.RatherthanviewingDeepSeekasanadversary,UScompaniesshouldseeitsbreakthroughasanopportunitytopursueinnovationinadifferentdirection,expertssay.KatDuffy,seniorfellowfordigitalandcyberspacepolicyattheCouncilonForeignRelations,saidthattheseinnovativemethodshighlightadownsidetotheUS’approachtoAI.“ThefocusintheAmericaninnovationenvironmentondevelopingartificialgeneralintelligenceandbuildinglargerandlargermodelsisnotconsistentwiththeneedsofmostcountriesaroundtheworld,”shesaidinanarticlepublishedbyherorganization.“ThemoretheUnitedStatespushesChinesedeveloperstobuildwithinahighlyconstrainedenvironment,themoreitriskspositioningChinaasthegloballeaderindevelopingcost-effective,energy-savingapproachestoAI,”Duffysaid.12.WhatismentionedasDeepSeek’skeyadvantageoverUSAIcompanies?A.Itsmodelsfeaturegreatercomputingpoweratalowcost.B.Itemploysaproprietarystrategytoensurehigherprofits.C.Itadoptsanopensourcestrategywithsignificantlylowercosts.D.Itaimstofostercollaborationandexperimentation.13.Theunderlinedword“constraint”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningto_________.A.availability B.restrictionC.demand D.emergence14.WhatcanbeinferredfromKatDuffy’swordsabouttheUSapproachtoAIdevelopment?A.TheUSshouldprioritizebuildingevenlargerAImodelstomaintaindominance.B.TheUSstrategymeetsthepracticaldemandsofmostnationseffectively.C.Mostcountriesurgentlyrequireadvancedartificialgeneralintelligence.D.USrestrictionsmayunintentionallystrengthenChina’sleadershipinpracticalAIsolutions.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.China’sAIinnovationchallengesUSdominance.B.Deepseek’sopen-sourcestrategyboostsglobalcooperation.C.ComputingpowerdeterminesAIdevelopment.D.USneedstochangethefocusofitsinnovationenvironment.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国人工智能初创公司DeepSeek与美国主要人工智能公司不同，采用开源策略，免费提供网络聊天界面和移动应用。DeepSeek以较低成本和较少计算能力开发出可与美国科技巨头相媲美的语言模型，挑战了人工智能发展的现有范式。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“UnliketheclosedsystemsofmajorartificialintelligencecompaniesintheUnitedStates,theChinesestartupsensationDeepSeekhasembracedanopensourceapproach.Itsweb-basedchatinterfaceandmobileapparefreetouse.(与美国主要人工智能公司的封闭系统不同，中国令人瞩目的初创公司DeepSeek采用了开源方法。其基于网络的聊天界面和移动应用程序是免费使用的)”以及第二段“ThestrategycontrastssharplywithcompanieslikeOpenAI,whichkeeptheirmodelsproprietaryandchargemonthlyfeesforaccess.DeepSeek’sapproachhasgarneredstrongsupport,withopensourceadvocatessayingthattheUScouldadvancebyembracingthecheaper,moreaccessiblestrategy.(这种策略与OpenAI等公司形成鲜明对比，这些公司将其模型专有化，并收取每月的使用费用。DeepSeek的方法获得了大力支持，开源倡导者表示，美国可以通过采用更便宜、更易获得的策略来取得进展)”可知，DeepSeek相对于美国人工智能公司的关键优势是它采用开源策略且成本显著更低。故选C。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Forcomparison,Meta’slatestLlama3.1modelrequired16,000ofNvidia’sadvancedH100chipsfortraining—chipsthatarecurrentlyprohibitedforusebyChinesecompaniesunderUSexportcontrols.Facingtheconstraintofhigh-performingchips,DeepSeekdevelopedcreativemethodstotrainitsmodelsonlessadvancedchipsthroughoptimizationsinmodelarchitecture,trainingproceduresandhardwaremanagement.(相比之下，Meta最新的Llama3.1模型需要16000个英伟达的先进H100芯片进行训练——这些芯片目前根据美国的出口管制，禁止中国公司使用。面对高性能芯片的constraint，DeepSeek通过在模型架构、训练程序和硬件管理方面的优化，开发出了在较不先进的芯片上训练其模型的创新方法)”可知，因为美国的出口管制，中国公司不能使用高性能芯片，所以DeepSeek面临高性能芯片的“限制”。由此可知，划线词constraint与restriction“限制”意思一致。故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“KatDuffy,seniorfellowfordigitalandcyberspacepolicyattheCouncilonForeignRelations,saidthattheseinnovativemethodshighlightadownsidetotheUS’approachtoAI.“ThefocusintheAmericaninnovationenvironmentondevelopingartificialgeneralintelligenceandbuildinglargerandlargermodelsisnotconsistentwiththeneedsofmostcountriesaroundtheworld,”shesaidinanarticlepublishedbyherorganization.“ThemoretheUnitedStatespushesChinesedeveloperstobuildwithinahighlyconstrainedenvironment,themoreitriskspositioningChinaasthegloballeaderindevelopingcost-effective,energy-savingapproachestoAI,”Duffysaid.(美国对外关系委员会数字与网络空间政策高级研究员凯特・达菲表示，这些创新方法凸显了美国人工智能发展方式的一个弊端。她在其所在组织发表的一篇文章中称：“美国创新环境中对开发通用人工智能和构建越来越大的模型的关注，与世界上大多数国家的需求不一致。”“美国越是推动中国开发者在高度受限的环境中发展，就越有可能使中国在开发具有成本效益、节能的人工智能方法方面成为全球领导者，”达菲说)”可推知，美国的限制可能会无意中增强中国在实际人工智能解决方案方面的领导地位。故选D。【15题详析】主旨大意题题。根据文章内容，尤其是第二段“ThecompanyhasdemonstratedthatAIbreakthroughscanbeachievedthroughinnovationratherthansheercomputingpower,challengingtheestablishedparadigmsofAIdevelopmentandsendingshockwavesthroughSiliconValley,WallStreetandWashington.(该公司已经证明，人工智能的突破可以通过创新而不是单纯的计算能力来实现，这挑战了人工智能发展的既定范式，并在硅谷、华尔街和华盛顿引起了震动)”以及最后一段中关于美国对中国人工智能发展限制可能产生的影响的描述，可知文章主要讲的是中国的人工智能创新对美国在该领域主导地位的挑战。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.JustGoforaUniversityForanystudent,goingtoauniversityisoneofthemostimportantstagesoftheirlives.Itisatimewhenayoungpersonwillmoveoutoftheirhometobeindependent.___16___Areyoureadyforsuchanexploration?Thefollowinginformationmaybehelpful•Whyshouldyougotouniversity?Learningisalife-longprocess.Universityistherightplacewhereyoucanlearnbothacademicallyandsocially.Atuniversity,youwillbetaughtbyleadinglecturersintheirfieldsofstudy.___17___Meanwhile,youwillmeetpeoplewithdifferentbackgroundsatuniversity.Thisoffersyouthechancetolearntolookafteryourself,todevelopyourownvaluesandtoacceptthosewhomaybedifferent.•___18___Onceyouhavedecidedthatyoudowanttogotouniversity,howcanyouchooseadreamone?___19___Yourinterest,themajorandthecoursetobetakenarealltheconcerns.Manyuniversitieshaveopendaysorsendtutorsouttotalktothestudentsonwhattheyoffer.Thisalsogivesyouachancetoaskquestions.Findingoutwhattheirpredictedexamgradeswillalsohelpstudentsdeterminewhichuniversitymaybethemostsuitable.•Whatcanyoulearnatuniversity?Inmanyuniversities,eachstudentbeginswithageneralknowledgebaseinthefirstyear.Studentscanhavemoretimetoexploretheirinterestsbeforecommittingtoaspecificsubject.Apartfromtheacademicachievements,varioussocieties,wherefreshmencanmeetlike-mindedfriends,offeryouchancestodeveloptheextra-curricularinterestsinmanyfields.___20___A.Howcanyouchooseauniversity?B.Youhavetofirstthinkofvariousaspects.C.Whatshouldyoupreparebeforegoingtouniversity?D.Youcanthusequipyourselfwithenoughacademicknowledge.E.Besides,itisagreathonortobeadmittedintosuchauniversity.F.Inonesense,theuniversitycanbeacompletelynewworldtoexplore.G.Universityprovidestheall-importantstepping-stoneforyourfuturelife.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.B20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇选句填空。文章给即将跨入大学的年轻人提供了一些有关如何大学的一些建议和信息。【16题详析】根据上文Itisatimewhenayoungpersonwillmoveoutoftheirhometobeindependent.可知，上大学是年轻人离开家独立的时刻，再根据下文Areyoureadyforsuchanexploration?可知，F项：Inonesense,theuniversitycanbeacompletelynewworldtoexplore.（从某种意义上说，大学对于他们来说是未来要探索的全新世界。）连接上下文，关键词是explore。故选F项。【17题详析】根据上文Atuniversity,youwillbetaughtbyleadinglecturersintheirfieldsofstudy.可知，在大学里，你将由专业领域的顶尖讲师授课。D项：Youcanthusequipyourselfwithenoughacademicknowledge.（因此，你可以用足够多的学术知识来武装自己。）符合语境，故选D项。【18题详析】根据下文Onceyouhavedecidedthatyoudowanttogotouniversity,howcanyouchooseadreamone?可知，一旦你决定了你要上大学，那么如何选择一个梦想中的大学呢？A项：Howcanyouchooseauniversity?（你如何选择一所大学？）概括本段内容，故选A项。【19题详析】根据下文Yourinterest,themajorandthecoursetobetakenarealltheconcerns.可知，你的兴趣、专业和即将选择的课程都应考虑。B项：Youhavetofirstthinkofvariousaspects.（你首先得考虑到各方面的因素。）符合语境，故选B项。【20题详析】根据上文Apartfromtheacademicachievements,varioussocieties,wherefreshmencanmeetlike-mindedfriends,offeryouchancestodeveloptheextra-curricularinterestsinmanyfields.可知，大学不仅让学生获得学业上的成就，而且通过参加各种社团，他们能找到志同道合的朋友，并培养各个领域的课外兴趣。G项：Universityprovidestheall-importantstepping-stoneforyourfuturelife.（大学为你未来的生活提供了所有重要的基石。）总结上文内容，故选G项。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ItwasdawnofMarch21,2018.GaryMessinawasonhismorningrunalongNewYorkCity’sEastRiver.____21____somethingcaughthiseye—alarge60-year-oldmanslippedandfellintotheriver.WhenMessinareachednearer,theoldmanwas____22____inthewater,clearlyunabletoswim.Heshoutedforhelp.Otherjoggersalsoheardtheoldman’s____23____.DavidBlauzvernandJohnGreenjumpedin,andthenMessina____24____themintheriver.Justastheoldmanwaslosing____25____,Blauzverntookholdofhim.Thepairwereabout30yardsfromtheseawall(防波堤)whenMessinaandGreencaughtuptothem.Theyseizedtheman,withBlauzvernsupportinghisbackandMessinaandGreenholdinghimupfromeitherside.____26____themenmadetheirwaytowardtheseawall,Blauzvernhadan____27____realization:withnoladderordockinsight,therewasnowayoutofthe____28____.Bynow,acrowdhad____29____onland.“Arescueboatisonitsway,”someoneyelledatthem.Swimmingforwardwasgetting____30____bytheminute.Theoldman,whowassixfoottallandweightedaround260pounds,washeavyinhisrescuers’arms.Aftertenminutes,they____31____togettotheriver’sedge.“I’veneverbeensooutofbreath,”saysBlauzvern.Tenminuteslater,thetwo-manrescueboatappeared.Butbecauseitcouldn’t____32____gettingtooclosetotheseawall,themenhadtoswimouttoit.Whenthey____33____theboat,theypushedtheoldmanwhilethemenintheboat____34____himupand,finally,tosafety.MessinaandGreenthengotthemselves____35____,andwithintenminutes,thegroupwasbackonland.21.A.Instantly B.Consequently C.Suddenly D.Unfortunately22.A.sailing B.floating C.struggling D.diving23.A.laughter B.noise C.whisper D.cry24.A.joined B.teamed C.accompanied D.led25.A.power B.strength C.force D.energy26.A.While B.As C.Since D.Though27.A.painful B.ideal C.embarrassing D.awful28.A.lake B.sea C.river D.pool29.A.crowded B.gathered C.shown D.cheered30.A.tougher B.heavier C.closer D.further31.A.accomplished B.succeeded C.determined D.managed32.A.risk B.avoid C.stop D.prevent33.A.headed B.left C.approached D.arrived34.A.pulled B.pushed C.picked D.put35.A.abroad B.ashore C.aground D.aboard【答案】21.C22.C23.D24.A25.B26.B27.D28.C29.B30.A31.D32.A33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加里·梅西纳在纽约东河晨跑的时候发现一名老人掉进了水里，他与另外两人经过努力把老人送到了安全的地方。【21题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，什么东西引起了他的注意——一个60岁的大块头男子滑倒了，掉进了河里。A.Instantly立即；B.Consequently结果；C.Suddenly突然；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根据后文“somethingcaughthiseye—alarge60-year-oldmanslippedandfellintotheriver”可知，此处指突然出现的事物引起了他的注意。故选C。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当墨西拿走近时，老人在水里挣扎，显然不会游泳。A.sailing航行；B.floating漂浮；C.struggling努力；D.diving潜水。根据后文“inthewater,clearlyunabletoswim”可知，不会游泳在挣扎。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他慢跑者也听到了老人的叫喊。A.laughter笑声；B.noise噪音；C.whisper低语；D.cry叫喊。根据上文“Heshoutedforhelp.(他大声呼救)”可知，此处指听到老人的呼救声。故选D。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：大卫·布劳兹文和约翰·格林跳进河里，然后墨西拿也加入了他们。A.joined加入；B.teamed合作；C.accompanied陪伴；D.led带领。根据上文“DavidBlauzvernandJohnGreenjumpedin,andthenMessina”可知，有两个人先跳进了河里，然后墨西拿也加入了他们，开始救人。故选A。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在老人体力不支的时候，布劳兹文抓住了他。A.power权利；B.strength体力；C.force武力；D.energy能量。根据上文提到老人不会游泳在水里挣扎，以及上文“Justastheoldmanwaslosing”可知，此处指老人体力不支，故选B。【26题详析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：当他们朝防波堤游去时，布劳兹文突然意识到一个可怕的事实：既没有梯子，也没有码头，根本没有办法从河里出来。A.While当……时候；B.As当……时候，因为；C.Since自从；D.Though虽然。此处引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”用as，while引导时间状语从句时，从句谓语需为延续性动词。故选B。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他们朝防波堤游去时，布劳兹文突然意识到一个可怕的事实：既没有梯子，也没有码头，根本没有办法从河里出来。A.painful痛苦的；B.ideal理想的；C.embarrassing令人尴尬的；D.awful可怕的。根据后文“withnoladderordockinsight,therewasnowayoutofthe”可知，他们没有办法从河里出去，这是他意识到的可怕的事实。故选D。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他们朝防波堤游去时，布劳兹文突然意识到