2025届江西省萍乡某学校高三模拟英语试卷一（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省萍乡某学校2025届高三模拟试卷一英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．£19.15.B．£9.18.C．£9.15.答案是C.1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inahospital. B.Inashop. C.Inahotel.【答案】C【原文】W:Whattypeofroomwouldyoulike?M:I’dlikearoomfacingthestreet.Well,doyouofferfreeWi-Fi?W:Yes,theWi-Fiisfree.M:Great,couldyoutellmethepassword?2.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutPeter’sbeinglate?A.Annoyed. B.Concerned. C.Uncertain.【答案】B【原文】M:Thisisabigsurprise.I’veneverknownPetertoarrivelateforwork.He’salwaysexactlyontime.W:Ihopehe’sOK.Theroadsareicytoday.M:I’llcallhimtomakesureheisfine.3.Whatisthemandoing?A.Buyingacamera. B.Takingapicture. C.Tryingonahat.【答案】B【原文】M:Raiseyourheadalittlebitandgiveasmallsmile.Okay,youlookgreatoncamera.W:Waitaminute.Letmeputonmyhat.4.Whatdidthewomanforget?A.Hertowel. B.Hersuncream. C.Herflatshoes.【答案】A【原文】M:Didyouputonsunprotection?Andmakesuretowearyourflatshoes,soyoudon’tslipontheroof.W:Yes,Iknow.Oh,butIdidforgetsomething.I’llbewetalldayifIdon’tbringsomethingtodryoffwith.5.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Workmates. C.Husbandandwife.【答案】B【原文】W:I’mburnedoutfromgradingalltheseexams.M:Metoo.It’sjustthattimeoftheyear.Besides,it’spartofthejobandweonlyhavetwomoreweekstogo.W:Bytheway,whatareyourplansforthebreak?M:I’llprobablyspendsometimewithmywifeandkids.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whyisthemantakingeveningclasses?A.Topassthetime. B.Toprepareforanewjob. C.Toqualifyforhiscurrentjob.7.Whatisthemostimportantpartoftheeveningclassestotheman?A.Thecourseitself. B.Theteachers. C.Theclassmates.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Hello.Whathaveyoubeenupto?M:Well,I’vestartedgoingtoeveningclassesthreetimesaweek.W:Eveningclasses?Howcanyoumanage?Youalreadyhavetoworkovertime.M:Well,youknowIdon’tlikemyjob,andI’vebeenlookingforanotherone,buteveryonewantstheHigherDiploma...soIdecidedtogetaHigherAccountingDiploma.W:Well,goodforyou!M:Actually,Iquiteenjoyit.Theotherpeopleinthecoursearereallyfriendly,andtheteachersareexcellent.ThemostimportantthingisthatIreallyfeelI’mbenefiting.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatistheman’sproblem?A.Hehasatemperature.B.Heisstrugglingtosaveenergy.C.Heistoocoldtodohiswork.9.Wherearethespeakerslikelytobe?A.Inanoffice. B.Inthewoman’shouse. C.Inaschool.10.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Focusingontypingthereport.B.Takingbettercareoftheirhealth.C.Discussingtheissuewiththeboss.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【原文】M:Canwedosomethingaboutthetemperatureinhere?Ihavesomanyemailstodealwithtoday,butmyhandsaresocoldthatIcanhardlytypemyreport!W:Iknow.I’vebeenstrugglingtoo.Buttheheatprobablywon’tbeturnedonuntiltheendofthemonth.M:Whynot?W:It’sapartofthecompany’senergy-savingplan.M:Well,Icanunderstandthat.Buthowarewesupposedtoworkintheseconditions?W:Iguesswealwayshavethechoicetoworkfromhome.M:True.Butbeforemyyoungestdaughterstartsschool,it’sjusttoodifficultformetodothat.Iwouldn’tbeabletofocus.W:ThenIthinkweshouldtalktothebossaboutwhatcanbedone,otherwisepeoplemightstartgettingill.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Onwhichdaydidtheboyfinishhisproject?A.November12th. B.November15th. C.December17th.12.Whichpaperwilltheboyprobablywritetonight?A.TheWondersofLiquids. B.BrownBearPopulations. C.TheWarof1812.13.Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation?A.Timemanagement. B.Thechoiceofsubjects. C.Designingsomeprojects.【答案】11.B12.C13.A【原文】M:Ican’twaittopresentmybiologyproject.Ijustfinisheditlastnight.W:Howdidyoufinishitinthreedays?Wejustgottheassignmentonthe12thofNovember.I’vebarelyhadtimetopickatopic.EverythingIthinkofisaboutchemistry,notbiology.I’mworriedaboutitthoughit’snotevendueuntilDecember17th.M:Well,Imayhaveignoredmyotherprojectstogetitdone.Iwasjustsoexcited.NowIhavetocatchuponmyothersubjects’work,though.Iwillbespendingallnightwritingmyhistorypapertonight.W:Youshouldn’tputsomuchpressureonyourself.Ithinkthatspreadingoutpapersandprojectshelpsreduceanxietyandpressure.That’swhytheteachersgaveusthisnotice.M:LikeIsaid,Iwasjustexcitedaboutmyproject.Biologyismyfavoritesubjectafterall.Butyouareright.Ineedtosetupacalendarandgivemyselfascheduletofollow.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.HowlongdidRogerFederer’sprofessionalcareerlast?A.14years. B.17years. C.24years.15.WhathappenedtoFedereratthe2017AustralianOpen?A.Hegotasuddenkneeinjury.B.Hehadahard-foughtvictory.C.Hefacedaseriesoflosses.16.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesFederer?A.Determined. B.Kind-hearted. C.Humorous.【答案】14.C15.B16.A【原文】W:Helloeveryone.ThisisFace-to-FacefromRadio1.WithustodayisthegreattennisplayerRogerFederer.Welcome,Mr.Federer.M:Thankyouforhavingmehere.W:So,Mr.Federer,weallknowthatyouretiredattheageof41.Howlongdidyourprofessionaltenniscareerlast?M:Well,IpickeduptenniswhenIwas3andturnedprofessionalattheageof17.W:What’syourmostunforgettablematchinyourprofessionaltenniscareer?M:Itwasthe2017AustralianOpen.Atthattime,Ihadn’ttrainedforalmost6monthsbecauseofaseverekneeinjury.Ihadanoperationandittookmealongtimetorecover.Ihadn’texpectedthatIwouldmakeittothefinalandwinthetitle.W:Amazing!Howdidyoudothat?M:Iguessitwasmyfirmbeliefanddesiretowin.AsIalwayssay,ifyoubelieve,youcangoreallyfarinyourlife.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whatdidthespeakerenjoyasayoungchild?A.Running. B.Climbing. C.Swimming.18.Whatwasthespeakerdoingwhenheinjuredhimself?A.Thelongjump. B.Ahandstand. C.Aforwardroll.19.Forhowmanyweeksdidthespeakerhavetogiveupexercising?A.Four. B.Eight. C.Twelve.20.Howdidtheincidentaffectthespeaker?A.Hedevelopedanewhobby.B.Hebegantoreadlovestories.C.Heenjoyedphysicalchallengesevenmore.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.A【原文】M:Asayoungchild,Ialwaysenjoyedphysicalchallengesmorethanmentalones.Ilikedtorunandbuildswings.AtthatstageIhadn’tyetlearnedtoclimborswim,butIwouldhavelovedtotrythosetoo.Onedaywehadaphysicaleducationclassatschool.Wedidthelongjumpandhandstands,butitwaswhenItriedtodoaforwardrollthatdisasterstruck.Somehow,Itwistedmyneckinanextremelypainfulway.Iscreamedloudlyandtheteacherswereveryconcerned.AnambulancewascalledandIwastakentohospital.ThedoctorsfittedmewithacollarandIwastoldtoavoidexerciseandstayawayfromschoolforeightweeks.Atfirst,Iwasverybored.Havingtokeepstillalldaywasnofun.SoIstartedtoread.Ilookedatbooksontheshelfathome.Iwasn’tinterestedinlovestories—Iavoidedthose—butcrimeandadventuredidappealtome.DuringthoseeightweeksIdevelopedalifelongloveofreading.Whenmycollarwasremoved,thedoctorstoldmenottoexerciseforanotherfourweeks.Insteadofbeingdisappointed,Iwashappytodevotemoretimetomynewlove—reading.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出符合题意的最佳选项。AContaininghalfoftheworld’sgeothermal(地热的)features,Yellowstoneprovidesone-of-a-kindclassroom-basedorexperientialeducation.Herearesomeyoucanlearnaboutusingtheparkasaclassroom.ABear’sMenuMiddleSchool:SixthGradethroughEighthGradeSubjects:Math,ScienceWorkinginsmallgroups,studentsexaminethefeedinghabitsofbearsandpaintpicturestoshowwhatbearsdoinspring,summer,fallandwinter.Studentsuseasmallpatternofabearandincreaseitssizetoconstructafull-sizeoneinordertoappreciatethebear’ssize.WatersofLife:SurveyofaRiparianAreaMiddleSchool:SixthGradethroughEighthGradeSubject:ScienceInthisoutdoorscienceactivity,studentsinvestigateplantsandanimallifeinandaroundalake.Studentsworkingroups,witheachgroupmemberperformingadifferenttask:observing,recording,mappingorclassifying.Finally,theteamputtheinformationtogethertomakeconclusionsabouttheecologicalconnectionsthatexistwithintheareasurveyed.ExpeditionYellowstone:FieldSchoolMiddleSchool:SixthGradethroughEighthGradeSubjects:LiteracyandLanguageArts,Math,Science,SocialStudiesThis4-to5-dayresidentialcurriculum-basedprogramisofferedforteachersandtheirclasses.StudentslearnaboutthenaturalandculturalhistoryofYellowstone,investigatecurrentissuesaffectingtheGreaterYellowstoneEcosystem,andpromotepreservationintheparkandinhomecommunities.Emphasisisonlearningthroughdirectexperienceintheoutdoors.Studentsparticipatewithteachersorparentsinhikes,fieldinvestigationsanddiscussions.DuelingMandates(指令)HighSchool:NinthGradethroughTwelfthGradeSubject:SocialStudiesUsingcardsdescribingsomeoftheissuesaffectingYellowstoneNationalPark,studentsworkinsmallgroupstoconsidermanagementissuesthatmeetbothoftheconflictingmandatesthattheNationalParkServicemustfollow.Studentswillexplorethecomplexitiesinvolvedinmakingmanagementdecisionsanddiscoverthefar-reachingconsequencesofparkmanagementdecisions.21.WhatcanstudentsdoatABear’sMenu?A.Feedbears. B.Constructahouse.C.Takeanexam. D.Drawpicturesaboutbears.22.InwhichactivitycanstudentslearnabouttheculturalhistoryofYellowstone?A.ABear’sMenu. B.ExpeditionYellowstone:FieldSchool.C.DuelingMandates. D.WatersofLife:SurveyofaRiparianArea.23.WhatisspecialaboutDuelingMandates?A.Itrequiresparents’company. B.Itlaststhelongest.C.Ittargetshighschoolstudents. D.Ithasfar-reachingeffects.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【语篇解读】本篇是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石公园的教育活动资源。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据文章ABear’sMenu中“Workinginsmallgroups,studentsexaminethefeedinghabitsofbearsandpaintpicturestoshowwhatbearsdoinspring,summer,fallandwinter.(学生小组合作，研究熊的进食习惯，并画出熊在春天、夏天、秋天和冬天做什么。)”可知，在ABear’sMenu活动中，学生可以画有关熊的画。故选D项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据文章ExpeditionYellowstone:FieldSchool中“StudentslearnaboutthenaturalandculturalhistoryofYellowstone,investigatecurrentissuesaffectingtheGreaterYellowstoneEcosystem,andpromotepreservationintheparkandinhomecommunities.(学生们将了解黄石的自然和文化历史，调查影响大黄石生态系统的当前问题，并促进公园和家庭社区的保护。)”可知，在ExpeditionYellowstone:FieldSchool活动中，学生能了解到黄石公园的历史文化。故选B项。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据DuelingMandates中“HighSchool:NinthGradethroughTwelfthGrade(高中：九年级到十二年级)”及其余中“MiddleSchool:SixthGradethroughEighthGrade(中学：六年级到八年级)”可知，最后一个活动针对的是高中生群体，其他活动针对的是初中生，所以DuelingMandates的特殊之处就是它的目标是高中生。故选C项。BOftenpeoplereceiveaguitar,mandolin,orsomeothermusicalinstrumentasabirthdayorChristmasgift.There’sjoyeverywhere.Thegiverofthegiftknowshowmuchthereceiverwantstolearnthisinstrumentandthereceiverisactuallyholdingitinhishandsinsteadoflongingforitthroughtheshopwindow.Findinganinstructorthatfitsintoabusyworkscheduleishardenough,butonceyoudecideonalessonplan,thenyoumustconsiderthepracticetime,howtopractice,whattopractice—andlet’sfaceit—notallpeoplelearnsomethingthesameway.Soinordertolearnamusicalinstrument,howmuchpracticetimeisenoughandwhatkindofpracticeisrightforyou?Thereisnosetamountoftimethatanyoneshouldpracticeamusicalinstrument.WhenIwasinprogrammingclasses,Icouldhavestudiednightlyfor5hourseachnight.Itwouldhavetakenmeyearstolearntheartofcomputerprogramming.ThoughI’mattractedbythesystematiclogicofit,mytalentistowardsanotherthing.However,ontheotherhand,ifIspentanhoureverycoupledayswithapassionate(充满热情的)hobbylikeplayingtheviolin,notonlywouldthetimeflyquickly,I’dalsobelearningatamuchgreaterspeedsincethebuilt-inpassionisthemotivationforadvancement.Soasmuchasit’simportanttopractice,astepbackistofirstfindtheharmoniousinstrumentthatfitsyouasapersonasdevelopmentofyourpersonality.Ifyou’relearningtheguitarbecauseit’scool—obviouslythat’sthemodern-daymindset,however,youmightnotbeactuallylinkingyourtalentformusicalsatisfactionwithyourmostcreativeadvantagesyouhavetooffer.It’sbeenmyexperiencethateverypersonhasacertainlevelofmusicaltalent.Myenjoyablechallengehasbeentoassisttheminthisadventureandactuallylocatetheirbestabilitiesasquicklyaspossible.Thenandonlythencanwematchlearnerswithinstrumentsandtrulybeginafunandexcitingwalkdowntheroadofhappinessandcontentment,wheremusic,ability,personalityandsoulallmeet.Oncethispieceofthemysterypuzzleisinplace,I’veneverhadtoworkatmotivatingalearnertopractice.24.Intheauthor’sopinion,whichofthefollowingisthemostimportantwhenlearningamusicinstrument?A.Theamountoftimeforpractice. B.Ascientificlearningmethod.C.Agoodmusicinstructor. D.Thestrongfondnessformusic.25.Accordingtotheauthor,alearnershouldchoosetolearnamusicinstrumentwhich________.A.isreceivedasabirthdayorChristmasgiftB.followsamodernfashioninmusictrainingC.iseasytolearnandfitsthelearnerverymuchD.contributestodevelopingthelearner’scharacter26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Shewritespopmusic. B.She’samusicinstructor.C.Sheadvertisesformusiclesson. D.She’samusicinstrumentcollector.27.Whichofthesequestionsdoesthepassageanswer?A.Doespracticemakeperfect? B.Doestalentmakeadifference?C.Doesalessonplanreallyfityou? D.Doeshardworkmakeupforlackoftalent?【答案】24.D25.D26.B27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过亲身经历告诉我们，学好一种乐器，练习固然重要，但是对音乐的热爱才是最重要的。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“WhenIwasinprogrammingclasses,Icouldhavestudiednightlyfor5hourseachnight.Itwouldhavetakenmeyearstolearntheartofcomputerprogramming.ThoughI’mattractedbythesystematiclogicofit,mytalentistowardsanotherthing.

However,ontheotherhand,ifIspentanhoureverycoupledayswithapassionate(充满热情的)hobbylikeplayingtheviolin,notonlywouldthetimeflyquickly,I’dalsobelearningatamuchgreaterspeedsincethebuilt-inpassionisthemotivationforadvancement.(当我在上编程课的时候，我可以每晚学习5个小时。我可能要花好几年的时间才能学会计算机编程的艺术。虽然我被它的系统逻辑所吸引，但我的天赋不在于此。然而，另一方面，如果我每隔几天花一个小时在像拉小提琴这样充满激情的爱好上，不仅时间过得很快，我也会以更快的速度学习，因为内在的激情是进步的动力)”可知，作者认为与学计算机编程课相比，学习让自己充满激情的小提琴的速度更快，效率更高，结合第三段中“Ifyou’relearningtheguitarbecauseit’scool—obviouslythat’sthemodern-daymindset,however,youmightnotbeactuallylinkingyourtalentformusicalsatisfactionwithyourmostcreativeadvantagesyouhavetooffer.(如果你学吉他是因为它很酷——显然这是现代人的心态，然而，你可能没有把你在音乐上的天赋和你所能提供的最具创造性的优势联系起来)”可推知，在作者看来，学习一种乐器时，发自内心对音乐的热情和喜爱才是最重要的，可以提高效率，发扬优势。故选D项。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ifyou’relearningtheguitarbecauseit’scool—obviouslythat’sthemodern-daymindset,however,youmightnotbeactuallylinkingyourtalentformusicalsatisfactionwithyourmostcreativeadvantagesyouhavetooffer.(如果你学吉他是因为它很酷——显然这是现代人的心态，然而，你可能没有把你在音乐上的天赋和你所能提供的最具创造性的优势联系起来)”和最后一段中“Myenjoyablechallengehasbeentoassisttheminthisadventureandactuallylocatetheirbestabilitiesasquicklyaspossible.Thenandonlythencanwematchlearnerswithinstrumentsandtrulybeginafunandexcitingwalkdowntheroadofhappinessandcontentment,wheremusic,ability,personalityandsoulallmeet.(我喜欢的挑战是在这次冒险中帮助他们，并尽快找到他们的最佳能力。那时，也只有那时，我们才能为学习者配上乐器，真正开始一段充满乐趣和刺激的快乐和满足之路，在那里，音乐、能力、个性和灵魂都满足了)”可推知，作者认为选择乐器不能追逐现代潮流，要选择切合自己音乐天赋和创造力，能让自己能力、个性和灵魂都得益的乐器，即有助于培养学习者的品质的乐器。故选D项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ It’sbeenmyexperiencethateverypersonhasacertainlevelofmusicaltalent.Myenjoyablechallengehasbeentoassisttheminthisadventureandactuallylocatetheirbestabilitiesasquicklyaspossible.(根据我的经验，每个人都有一定程度的音乐天赋。我喜欢的挑战是在这次冒险中帮助他们，并尽快找到他们的最佳能力。)”可知，作者是一个音乐教师。故选B项。【27题详析】推理判断题。通读全文可知，第二段中“Soinordertolearnamusicalinstrument,howmuchpracticetimeisenoughandwhatkindofpracticeisrightforyou?(那么为了学习一种乐器，练习多少时间是足够的，什么样的练习适合你呢?)”提出问题：学习一种乐器该练习多久或者什么样的练习才适合，但结合第三段中“WhenIwasinprogrammingclasses,Icouldhavestudiednightlyfor5hourseachnight.Itwouldhavetakenmeyearstolearntheartofcomputerprogramming.ThoughI’mattractedbythesystematiclogicofit,mytalentistowardsanotherthing.

However,ontheotherhand,ifIspentanhoureverycoupledayswithapassionate(充满热情的)hobbylikeplayingtheviolin,notonlywouldthetimeflyquickly,I’dalsobelearningatamuchgreaterspeedsincethebuilt-inpassionisthemotivationforadvancement.(当我在上编程课的时候，我可以每晚学习5个小时。我可能要花好几年的时间才能学会计算机编程的艺术。虽然我被它的系统逻辑所吸引，但我的天赋不在于此。然而，另一方面，如果我每隔几天花一个小时在像拉小提琴这样充满激情的爱好上，不仅时间过得很快，我也会以更快的速度学习，因为内在的激情是进步的动力)”和最后一段中“Oncethispieceofthemysterypuzzleisinplace,I’veneverhadtoworkatmotivatingalearnertopractice.(一旦这一块神秘的拼图就位，我就不必再努力激励学习者去练习了)”可知，作者认为学习让自己充满激情的小提琴的速度更快，效率更高，说明只要找到自己真正喜欢的东西，就根本不需要去激励学习者练习，回答了“熟能否生巧?”的问题，即只有练习不行，真正重要的是对音乐的热爱。故选A项。CThepsychologicalterm,valenceweightingbias,describespeople’stendencytoadaptinnewcircumstancesbydrawingmorestronglyfromeithertheirpositiveornegativeattitudes,orrather,whethernegativeorpositiveinternal“signals”carrythemostweightinguidingpeople’sfinalbehavior.StudiesledbyRussellFazioandJavierGranadosfromOhioStateUniversityfoundlinksbetweenanegative-leaningattitudeandprocrastination(拖延)andthatit’spossibletoshifttheweightingbiasandreversethetendencytodelayatask.Inthestudy,147collegestudentsparticipatedinaprogramallowingthemtoaccumulatecoursecreditsforengaginginaresearch.Thosewhothoughtitwasanawfulthingtodoprocrastinatedstarting.Thestudyalsoexploredwhetherstudents’measuresofself-controlinfluencedtask-relatedbehaviors:Howstudentscharacterizedtheirlevelofmotivationabouttheresearchprogram,andifthataffectedwhetherstudentsgotanearlystart.Resultsshowedthecombinationofnegativeweightingbiasandself-reportedlowmotivationforself-controlwaslinkedtostudentsputtingoffresearchprogramparticipationbygettingstartedlaterinthesemester.Thenthestudentsintheprogramwhowereself-reportedprocrastinatorsandwhoscoredhighfornegativeweightingbiaswereaskedtojoininanotherstudy.Researcherstheninspiredonegroupinawaythatledparticipantstoweighpositiveandnegativesignalsinamorebalancedway.Thisshiftcausedthestudentstoaccumulatecredithoursmorequicklythanthegroupwhosenegativeweightingbiasandlowself-controlreliablypredictedtheirdelay.“Ifsomebodyismoremotivatedandabletothinkmoreaboutit,thatmightbringotherconsiderationsthatweakentheinfluenceofthevalenceweightingbias,”researcherssaid.Negativeweightingbiascanhaveapositiveeffectonbehavior,though.Theseresearchershavealsofoundevidencethatanegativeweightingbiasmayhelppeoplebemorerealisticwhenthey’reaskingthemselves,“HaveIstudiedenoughforthistest?”“It’sbettertobemoreobjectivelybalancedthantobeateitherextreme,”Faziosaid.“Butthesituationwhereaparticularvalenceweightingbiasislikelytobeproblematicisgoingtovary.”28.Whatcanweknowaboutvalenceweightingbias?A.Itisusedinmoderntechnology. B.Itinfluencespeople’smentalhealth.C.Itdirectswhatpeopledovariously. D.Itleadstodelaysincarryingouttasks.29.Studentsinthefirststudywouldstartparticipatingearlierifthey________.A.sufferedfromvalenceweightingbias B.drewmorestronglyfrompositivityC.thoughtpoorlyoftheirself-discipline D.consideredthemselveslackofmotivation30.Whatdoestheexperimentinparagraph4indicate?A.Highscoresleadtomoreconsideration.B.Negativeweightingbiascanbereversed.C.Participantsneedprofessionalknowledge.D.Measuringproperlyisofvitalimportance.31.Whatmessageisconveyedinthelastparagraph?A.Negativeweightingbiascanbebeneficial.B.Peopleneedtostrivetobepositiveatanytime.C.Positivepeopletendtomakerandomdecisions.D.Valenceweightingbiasappliestodifferentsituations.【答案】28.C29.B30.B31.A【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了效价权重偏差（valenceweightingbias），即个人倾向于积极还是消极态度来适应新环境或者新的工作任务，为解释拖延任务行为提供了新角度。俄亥俄州立大学的RussellFazio和JavierGranados领导的研究发现了消极态度和拖延之间的联系，并且有可能改变权重偏差，逆转拖延任务的趋势。【28题详析】细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Thepsychologicalterm,valenceweightingbias,describespeople’stendencytoadaptinnewcircumstancesbydrawingmorestronglyfromeithertheirpositiveornegativeattitudes,orrather,whethernegativeorpositiveinternal“signals”carrythemostweightinguidingpeople’sfinalbehavior.(心理学术语“效价加权偏差”描述了人们在新环境中的适应倾向，通过更强烈地从他们的积极或消极态度中汲取经验，或者更确切地说，无论是消极还是积极的内部“信号”在指导人们的最终行为方面都具有最大的影响力)”可知，效价权重偏差指导人们做各种各样的事情。故选C。【29题详析】推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“Thosewhothoughtitwasanawfulthingtodoprocrastinatedstarting.Thestudyalsoexploredwhetherstudents’measuresofself-controlinfluencedtask-relatedbehaviors:Howstudentscharacterizedtheirlevelofmotivationabouttheresearchprogram,andifthataffectedwhetherstudentsgotanearlystart.(那些认为这是一件糟糕的事情的人拖延了开始。该研究还探讨了学生的自我控制措施是否影响任务相关行为：学生如何表征他们对研究项目的动机水平，以及这是否影响学生是否提前开始。)”可知，认为这是一件糟糕的事情的人是消极的，这些人参与就晚，因此可推理，认为这是一件好的事情的人就会早参与。因此，在第一项研究中，如果学生们更加积极乐观，他们会更早开始参与。故选B。【30题详析】推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Thisshiftcausedthestudentstoaccumulatecredithoursmorequicklythanthegroupwhosenegativeweightingbiasandlowself-controlreliablypredictedtheirdelay.(这种转变导致学生比负权重偏差和低自制力可靠地预测其延迟的那组学生更快地积累学分)”可知，第四段中的实验说明负权重偏差可以逆转。故选B。【31题详析】细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“Negativeweightingbiascanhaveapositiveeffectonbehavior,though.(然而，负权重偏见可能对行为产生积极影响。)”可知，最后一段传达的信息是负权重偏差可能是有益的。故选A。DFortunately,thedaysofbeingspreadonthickbabyoilandlyinginthesuntogetyouskinyellowish-brown—ormorelikelyburnt—arelongover.Manysunscreensworkbyfiltering(过滤)thesun’sultraviolet(UV)raystokeepthemfromreachingskincellsandcausingtheDNAdamagethatcanleadtowrinklesandskincancer.Butinrecentyears,thesafetyofsomeofthosefilteringchemicalingredients,particularlyoxybenzone(氧苯铜),hasbeeninquestion.A2019studypublishedinJAMAfoundevidencethatoxybenzoneisabsorbedintothebloodstream,leadingtoconcernsaboutwhetheritmightaffectfunctionsofourbody.Oxybenzonehasalsobeendetectedinbreastmilkfornewbornbabies.Becauseofconcernsabouthigherintakeinchildren,doctorsfromtheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsadviseagainstsunscreenwithoxybenzoneforkids.TheEnvironmentalWorkingGroup,anactivistorganizationthatmonitorschemicalsafety,hascalledforaban,buttheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationconsiderssunscreenswithoxybenzonesafe.“It’suncertain,”saysDeborahS.Sarnoff,presidentoftheU.S.SkinCancerFoundation.“Justbecauseyou’reabsorbingthechemicaldoesn’tmeanit’sdangerous.”Furtherstudyisrequired.Butoxybenzoneisarisktocoralreefs.HawaiiandtheU.S.VirginIslandshavebannedthesaleofsunscreenswithoxybenzone.Ina2022studypublishedinScience,researchersfoundthatsomecertainseaplants,whenexposedtosunlight,turnoxybenzoneintoenergyorsomethingneededinawaythatdamagesandkillscorals.Somecompanieshavebeentryingtostopusingoxybenzonegraduallyinstages,andmanybigbrandsofferoxybenzone-freeoptions.Foranyonewhoispregnantorbreastfeeding,orsimplylookingtoavoidthesechemicalfilters,Dr.Sarnoffrecommendsmineralsunscreens,whichcontainmainlyphysicalbarriers.32.Whatistheadvantageofsunscreen?A.Itgetsyourskinyellowish-brown. B.Itstopswrinklesandskincancer.C.ItkeepsUVraysfromharmingyou. D.ItpreventsskincellsfromDNAdamage.33.Whydodoctorsadviseagainstsunscreenwithoxybenzoneforkids?A.Theydon’twantchildrentoabsorbmoreoxybenzone.B.Theydon’twantoxybenzonetohurtbabies’functions.C.Theyknowoxybenzonecanaffectchildren’sbloodstream.D.Theyknowoxybenzonehasbeenfoundinnewbornbabies.34.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastthreeparagraphs?A.CoralreefsinHawaiiweredamagedorkilledbysunscreens.B.Moreresearchisneededtoprovethedangerofoxybenzone.C.Someorganizationshavealreadybannedtheuseofsunscreens.D.Mineralsunscreensaremuchsaferthanthosewithoxybenzone.35.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Thefindingsaboutsunscreenswithoxybenzone.B.Questionsonsafeuseofoxybenzoneraisedbydoctors.C.Discussiononsafetyofoxybenzonebetweenorganizations.D.Effectsofsunscreensonhumansandplantsinrecentstudies.【答案】32.C33.A34.B35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些关于含氧苯酮防晒霜的最新发现。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Manysunscreensworkbyfiltering(滤)thesun’sultraviolet(UV)raystokeepthemfromreachingskincellsandcausingtheDNAdamagethatcanleadtowrinklesandskincancer.(许多防晒霜的工作原理是过滤太阳的紫外线，防止它们到达皮肤细胞，造成可能导致皱纹和皮肤癌的DNA损伤)”可知，防晒霜的优点在于过滤太阳的紫外线，防止它们到达皮肤细胞，造成可能导致皱纹和皮肤癌的DNA损伤，换句话说防晒霜可以防止紫外线伤害你。故选C。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Becauseofconcernsabouthigherintakeinchildren,doctorsfromtheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsadviseagainstsunscreen,withoxybenzoneforkids.(由于担心儿童摄入更多，美国儿科学会(AmericanAcademyofPediatrics)的医生建议不要使用含有氧苯酮的防晒霜)”可知，医生不建议儿童使用含羟苯酮的防晒霜，是因为他们不想让孩子吸收更多的羟苯酮。故选A。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“TheEnvironmentalWorkingGroup,anactivistorganizationthatmonitorschemicalsafety,hascalledforaban,buttheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)considerssunscreenswithoxybenzonesafe.(监测化学品安全的激进组织“环境工作组”(EnvironmentalWorkingGroup)呼吁禁止使用这种防晒霜，但美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)认为含有氧苯酮的防晒霜是安全的)”可知，A选项“一些组织已经禁止使用氧苯酮”与原文表述不符；根据倒数第二段“Ina2022studypublishedinScience,researchersfoundthatsomecertainseaplants,whenexposedtosunlight,turnoxybenzoneintoenergyorsomethingneededinawaythatdamagesandkillscorals.(在2022年发表在《科学》杂志上的一项研究中，研究人员发现，某些海洋植物在暴露在阳光下时，会将氧苯酮转化为能量或其他需要的东西，从而破坏和杀死珊瑚)”可知，是某些海洋植物不是被氧