2026届高考英语外研版2019一轮复习UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS

UNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS1.household a.n.细胞;小房间;单间牢房2.rainbow b.n.病毒3.besides c.adv.此外;再者4.furthermore d.n.疫苗5.germ e.prep.除……之外(还)adv.而且;此外6.cell f.n.一家人;家庭;同住一所(套)房子的人7.virus g.n.彩虹8.vaccine h.n.微生物;细菌;病菌9.aviation a.n.框架;结构10.aerospace b.n.(pl.-s)统计数字;统计资料;统计学11.jet c.n.泵;抽水机;打气筒12.missile d.n.喷气式飞机13.pump e.n.导弹14.patriotic f.adj.爱国的15.framework g.n.航空航天工业16.statistic h.n.航空制造业;航空;飞行——本栏目答案见《背多分》对应单元“背多分1”1.________adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的→________adv.极为恶劣地;十分严重地;严厉地→________n.严重,严重性;严肃2.________adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→________v.使懊丧;使懊恼;使沮丧→________n.懊丧;懊恼;沮丧→________adj.令人懊恼的;令人沮丧的3.________adj.相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的→________n.(事实、看法、行动等的)不一致,矛盾→________v.反驳;驳斥;批驳4.________n.感染;传染→________vt.使感染;传染→________adj.传染性的;有感染力的→________adj.受感染的5.________vi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费)→________n.订阅;会员费→________n.订户;订阅者6.________n.证据;证明;检验→________(pl.)→________v.证明;证实linkingv.证明是7.________adj.数量多的;多种多样的→________vt.&vi.乘;乘以;成倍增加8.________vt.&vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象adj.可疑的→________adj.有嫌疑的→________adj.怀疑的9.________vt.把……归咎于;责怪;指责n.责备;指责→________adj.无过错的;无可指责的10.________n.把手;拉手;柄vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)→________n.处理,对付,握,拿11.________n.介入;出面;干涉→________v.出面;介入;插嘴12.________n.联系;纽带vt.把……连接起来;相关联→________n.连接;联系13.________adj.未煮的;生的;未经处理的;原始的→________n.生;无经验;半生不熟14.________adj.干净的;纯的;纯粹的→________adv.仅仅;完全→________n.纯净;纯洁→________vt.净化;使纯净15.________vt.使改观;使改变形态vi.改变;转变→________n.(彻底的)变化,改观,转变→________adj.有改革能力的;起改造作用的16.________adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的→________adv.非常;大大地17.________n.发现;调查结果;(法律)判决→________vt.找到;发现n.发现物;被发现的人18.________adj.最初的;开始的;第一的→________adv.最初地19.________n.阴影;影子;背光处→________adj.阴暗的;阴影中的;鲜为人知的20.________vt.投射;向……投以(视线、笑容等);投掷→________/________(过去式/过去分词)21.________adj.机械的;发动机的;机器的→________n.机械师;机械修理工→________n.机器;设备22.________vt.保卫;防守;辩解vi.&vt.(为……)辩护→________n.保护;防御→________adj.防御的;戒备的23.________n.助理;助手adj.助理的;辅助的→________n.帮助→________v.帮助24.________n.领导;领导地位;领导才能→________n.领导→________v.引路;引领;领先→________adj.领先的;一流的25.________adj.有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的→________n.天赋;礼物vt.白送;白给26.________adj.稳定的;平稳的;稳步的→________adv.稳定地;平稳地;稳步地→________adj.不稳定的27.________n.天文学家→________n.天文学→________n.宇航员28.________adj.聪颖的;绝妙的;明亮的→________adv.辉煌地;灿烂地;卓越地→________n.才华;光辉;光彩29.________n.弱点;过错vt.找出缺点→________adj.有错误的,有缺陷的→________adj.完美无缺的30.________n.思想;思维;见解→________v.考虑;认为→________n.思想家→________n.想法;看法→________adj.沉思的;体贴的;深思熟虑的31.________n.(pl.-s)统计数字;统计资料;统计学→________adj.统计的;统计学的→________adv.统计上;统计学上32.________adj.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的→________adv.生动地;鲜明地;丰富地33.________n.概念;观念→________adj.概念(上)的;观念(上)的34.________vt.追溯;追踪;查出n.痕迹;遗迹;踪迹→________adj.可追溯的;可追踪的35.________adj.优秀的;杰出的;明显的→________adv.非常;出色地36.________adj.抽象的;理论上的n.(文献等的)摘要→________adj.具体的;混凝土制的;确实的n.混凝土A组1.________________多例死亡2.________________同意;赞同3.________________可靠证据4.________________水泵5.________________负有责任6.________________具体的解决办法7.________________初始阶段8.removethe________拆把手9.________________最终地;彻底地10.________________幸亏;由于B组11.________________最重要的是;尤其是12.________________理论框架13.________ability统计能力14.________________创造性思维15.________________杰出的领导才能16.the________mind质疑的头脑17.________________突破常规思维18.________________兴趣的改变19.________________……之间的关联C组20.________________突然开始;爆发21.________________投下阴影22.________________患病23.________________主管;掌管24.________________追溯到25.________________深感悲伤26.________________成名27.________________被誉为28.________________大雨滂沱。1.Perhapsnootherscientisthas______________________________China’saerospacesciencethanQianXuesen.也许再没有哪一位科学家比钱学森对中国航天科学的影响更大了。2.DescribedbytheauthorsoftheStoryofQianXuesenasamanwith“greatscientificthoughtandscientificspirit”whowaspatrioticandservedhishomelandwitheffort,achievement,anddevotion,Qian__________________________________________________________.钱学森备受人们的尊敬,《钱学森的故事》一书的作者称他为一位具有“伟大科学思想和科学精神”的人,并且他热爱祖国、甘于奉献、成就斐然。教考衔接4BenjaminFranklin’sfamousexperimentwithlightninghasintroducedgenerationsofchildrentoscience.1,newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.

Thestoryisthatthis2scientistflewakiteduringastormin1752.Atthattime,people3iflightningwasreallyproducedbyelectricity.Franklinwasoneofthem.Heraisedthekitewithapieceofstringtiedtoit.Ametalkeywas4tothestring.Aflashoflightninghitthekite,andelectricitywasconductedthroughthestringtothekey.Franklinthen5thekeywithhisfingerandgotanelectricshock.This,hesaid,provedthatlightningwasaformof6.

Foryears,generationsofschoolchildrenhavebeenamazedbyhis7andhisscientificapproachtoseekingthetruth.Franklin,alongwithmanyother8scientists,hastaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportanttocontributetowardslaterscientific9andinventions.

Althoughthereexists10proofthatFranklin’sexperimenthappened,scientistshavequestionedwhatreally11.Thedetailaboutthestringandthekeyistrue.Butscientistsall12theideathatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldhave13fromtheelectricshock.

Admittedly,fictionisoftenmoreinterestingthanthe14.Butinscience,factsshouldbe15byexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear—evenifitisagreatstory.

1.A.Thus B.Furthermore C.However D.Besides2.A.brilliant B.severe C.defensive D.contradictory3.A.blamed B.suspected C.defended D.wondered4.A.expanded B.linked C.attached D.generated5.A.touched B.cast C.decreased D.digested6.A.thinking B.vividness C.electricity D.infection7.A.leadership B.bravery C.intervention D.framework8.A.outstanding B.pure C.frustrated D.concrete9.A.transformations B.findings C.viruses D.statistics10.A.initial B.solid C.abstract D.theoretical11.A.tookplace B.camedownwith C.brokeout D.pouredin12.A.switchedto B.dealtwith C.subscribedto D.appealedto13.A.yielded B.arisen C.shifted D.died14.A.shadow B.concept C.fault D.truth15.A.proved B.multiplied C.handled D.tracedUNIT1SCIENCEANDSCIENTISTS阅读词汇匹配1.f2.g3.e4.c5.h6.a7.b8.d9.h10.g11.d12.e13.c14.f15.a16.b主题语块补全1.multipledeaths2.subscribeto3.solidproof4.waterpump5.betoblame6.concretesolutions7.initialstage8.handle9.onceandforall10.thanksto11.aboveall12.theoreticalframework13.statistical14.creativethinking15.outstandingleadership16.questioning17.thinkoutsidethebox18.ashiftininterest19.alinkbetween...20.breakout21.castedownwithadisease23.inchargeof24.betracedbackto25.besaddenedby26.achievefame27.earnthenameof28.It’spouringwithrain.教材美句必背1.hadagreaterimpacton2.wasanextremelywell-respectedman练完形固词汇本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童迈入科学世界。然而,新的研究表明,这个故事可能是虚构的,而并非事实。1.C新的研究表明,这个故事可能是虚构的,而不是事实。此处与上文是转折关系,故C项正确。thus“因此”;furthermore“此外;再者”;however“然而”;besides“而且;此外”。2.A富兰克林是聪颖的科学家。brilliant“聪颖的;绝妙的;明亮的”;severe“极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的”;defensive“防御的;戒备的”;contradictory“相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的”。3.D人们想知道闪电是否能产生电。blame“把……归咎于;责怪;指责”;suspect“怀疑;疑有;不信任”;defend“保卫;防守;辩解”;wonder“想知道”。4.C将钥匙系在绳子上。expand“扩大,增加,增强”;link“把……连接起来;相关联”;attach“把……固定,把……附(在……上)”;generate“产生;引起”。5.A由下文第12空后的“touchedthekey”可知,富兰克林用手指触碰钥匙,感受到了电击,故A项正确。touch“触摸;碰”;cast“投射;向……投以(视线、笑容等);投掷”;decrease“(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低”;digest“消化”。6.C富兰克林说这证明闪电是电的一种形式。thinking“思想;思维;见解”;vividness“生动;活泼;明亮”;electricity“电;电能”;infection“感染;传染”。7.B上文提到富兰克林做实验过程中用手摸带着电的钥匙,这是勇气,故B项正确。leadership“领导;领导地位;领导才能”;bravery“勇敢;勇气”;intervention“介入;出面;干涉”;