高中英语北师大版必修三讲义Unit9WheelsPeriodFourLesson4CarC

PeriodFourLesson4CarCultureⅠ.重点单词1．n．建筑；建筑物2．n．数量3．adj.身体的；物质的4．n．数字；人物；形象5．vt.承认，供认n．承认；入场费6．adj.沉溺于……的vt.使沉溺，使上瘾7．vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等)n．职业；占用8．adv.以某种方式9．pron.无论哪个10．vt.适合Ⅱ.重点短语1．get/bestuck被困在……；陷入……2．go上涨；上升3．berelated...与……有关4．excuses找借口5．beaddicted...对……上瘾6．average平均而言；通常7．sit闲坐8．haveaneffect对……有影响Ⅲ.重点句式1．形容词(短语)作状语Howoftendowearriveatworkorschool(stress)out，(tire)andangry?有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？2．while表示对比、转折平均而言，大约40人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。3．whether引导宾语从句Beforeyougetintoyourcar，thinkabout.上车前，考虑一下你是否真的需要这次行程。Ⅰ.根据课文内容判断正(T)、误(F)1．Over75%ofcarjourneysareundertwomiles.()2．Regularexercisecutstheriskofheartdiseaseby50%.()3．Thepeoplemakeexcusesbecausetheywanttocontinueusingtheircars.()4．Thecaradvertspresentatruepictureofdrivingcars.()5．Fromthearticlewecanseethattheauthorcannotdowithoutacar.()Ⅱ.课文阅读理解1．WhateffectsEXCEPTdoestraffichaveonpeople?A．airpollution B．globalwarmingC．climatechange D．savingmoney2．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardscars?A．Hethinkstheyhavemoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.B．Heknowswhatheshoulddo，buthestilluseshiscarbecauseitisconvenient.C．Hethinksitwouldbeeasyforusalltouseourcarsless.D．Hedoesn’trealisetheeffectsthatcarshaveonpeople.3．WhichofthefollowingisRIGHTaccordingtothetext?A．NearlyhalfofalltheadvertisementsonTVareaboutcars.B．Regularexercisecutstheriskofheartdiseasebyaquarter.C．Trafficisoneofthemajorcausesofglobalwarming.D．InLondon，carenginesproduce90%ofallcarbonmonoxideintheatmosphere.4．Thewriter’sopinionissupportedby.A．conversations B．examplesC．figures D．explanations5．Thewritergivesthesefigurestoshow.A．carsaredoingincreasingharmtoourhealthandlifeB．BritainisdevelopingrapidlyC．BritishcarsareverypopularD．carsaregivingusmoreandmoreconvenience重点词汇1．AmountofTVadvertising：电视广告的数量：[归纳拓展]amountn．数量，数额；vt.&vi.合计；总计inlarge(small)amounts大(少)量地alargeamountof/largeamountsof大量的，许多amountto总计；等于注意：(1)amount和number都表示“数量”，但amount只指不可数名词的数量；number只指可数名词的数量。(2)alargeamountof修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；largeamountsof修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数。[语境助记](1)ThistypeofTVhasbeensoldinlargeamounts.这款电视已被大量销售。(2)Largeamountsofmoneywerespentonthenewbuilding.建这座新大楼花了很多钱。(3)Hisinvestmentsamounttofivemilliondollars.他的投资额达五百万美元。[题组训练](1)用amount，number填空①Powerreferstotheofcontrolapersonhasoverotherpeople.②Iwanttoknowtheexactofthebicycles.(2)用be动词的正确形式填空①Alargeamountofmoneyspentonadvertisementseveryyear.②Largeamountsoflandingontothemarket.③Largeamountsofmoneyspentonthemagnificentbuilding，butthepoornotallowedtohaveasingleroom.2．Herearesomefigures：...这里有一些数据：……[归纳拓展]figuren．数字，数目；人物；外形；身材；画像；塑像；图表；图形；v.计算；考虑keep/improveone’sfigure保持身材figureout计算出；弄懂；领会figureon计划，打算，预料到[图解助记][语境助记](1)GandhiwasbothapoliticalandareligiousfigureinIndianhistory.甘地在印度历史上是政治和宗教名人。(2)Yourhousemayhaveaneffectonyourfigure.你的房子或许对你的身材有影响。(2015·全国Ⅱ)(3)Childrenmayhavegreaterabilitytofigureoutthingsthanscientists.(2016·浙江)孩子们可能比科学家更有理解事情的能力。[题组训练](1)用适当的介、副词填空①IfigurebeinginNewYorkinJanuary.②Ican’tfigurewhyhequithisjob.(2)完成句子①Thepresentsituationisveryplex，soIthinkitwilltakemesometime(弄清楚它的真实性)．②—IwonderhowMaryhas(保持她的身材)afteralltheseyears.—Byworkingouteveryday.(2015·福建)(3)句型转换Haveyouworkedouthowmuchthetripwillcost?→Haveyouhowmuchthetripwillcost?3．Inthelasttenyears，thenumberofcarsontheroadsinBritainhasgoneupby30%.在过去的十年中，英国路上行驶的汽车数量上升了30%。[归纳拓展]goup上升，上涨；攀登；增加；升起；被兴建goupto上升到……，增加到……goupby上升了……，增加了……goover复习；仔细检查gowith与……相配；和……一起去[语境助记](1)ResearchersinBritainfoundthatwhenFrenchmusicwasplayed，salesofFrenchwineswentup.(2015·重庆)英国的研究者发现，当演奏法国音乐的时候，法国酒的销售量就上升。(2)Newhousesaregoingupallaroundthetown.城里到处都在建造新房子。(3)Thepricehasgoneupby30%.物价上涨了30%。[题组训练]用适当的介、副词填空(1)Inourarea，thepriceofthenewhousehasgoneup1,000yuanpersquaremetre.Thatis，ithasgoneup10,000yuanpersquaremetre.(2)You’llhavetogothisposition.(3)Theactresswantedahattogoherdress.4．Iadmit：I’maddictedtomycar.我承认：我沉溺于汽车。[归纳拓展1]admitvt.承认，供认；让(允许)……进入；容纳；接纳admit(to)doingsth.承认做了某事admitsb./sth.tobe...承认某人/某事……admitsb.to/into...允许某人进入……admitthat...承认……[图解助记][语境助记1](1)Onlyaftertheteachertoldhimdidheadmithismistakes.当老师告诉了他以后，他才承认了自己的错误。(2)Georgewouldneveradmitbeingwrong.乔治从来不认错。(3)Only200childrenwereadmittedto/intotheschooleveryyear.每年只有200名儿童获准入学。[题组训练1](1)单句语法填空①Onlyticketholders(admit)tothestadiumfortheconcertgivenbyJayChou，somanyofhisfanswereturnedaway.②Generally，(admit)toauniversityintheUSA，foreignstudentsneedtoprovetheirstrongabilityinusingEnglish.③Thecriminalhasadmitted(tell)alieatthecourt.(2)句型转换①Themeetingroomcanhold100people.→Themeetingroomcan100people.②Sheadmittedhavingbrokenthetrafficrules.→Sheshehadbrokenthetrafficrules.(3)单句改错IshouldneverforgetthedaywhenIwasadmittedenteringintotheparty.[归纳拓展2](1)addictedadj.沉溺于……的be/get/beeaddictedto(to为介词)沉溺于……；对……上瘾(2)addictvt.使沉溺；使入迷；使上瘾addictoneselfto(to为介词)沉溺于……(3)addictionn．瘾；沉溺[语境助记2](1)Oneinsevenpeopleisaddictedtoalcoholordrugsaccordingtothesurvey.根据调查，七分之一的人对酒精或毒品上瘾。(2)Thesmarterachildis，thelesslikelyhegetsaddictedtoTV.(2015·广东)一个小孩越聪明，他越不可能对电视上瘾。(3)Themanbegantoaddicthimselftoallsortsofvice.这个人开始沉溺于各式各样的恶习。[题组训练2](1)用addict的正确形式填空①IknowthatifIstartwatchingasoapoperaIimmediatelybeehopelessly.②Histodrugspropelled(驱使)himtowardsalifeofcrime.(2)单句改错Headdictedhimtogambling.5．Onaverage，aboutfortypeopletravelinonebus，whilethesamenumberoccupythirty­threecars.平均而言，大约40人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。[归纳拓展1]onaverage平均；通常averageadj.平均的，普通的，平常的；n.[C]平均，平均数；[U]一般水平，平均水准above(the)average在一般水平以上below(the)average在一般水平以下uptotheaverage接近一般水平[语境助记1](1)However，women，onaverage，livelonger.然而，妇女的平均寿命更长。(2016·四川)(2)Temperaturesareabove/belowtheaverageforthetimeofyear.温度高于/低于此时的年平均温度。[易混辨析]average，ordinary，mon(1)average指相对于某个标准来说属于“普通的”级别，没什么特别之处。(2)ordinary用于物，指十分平淡无奇；用于人，指无特别之处，很一般。(3)mon多用于指物，侧重很常见，不稀奇。[题组训练1](1)用适当的介词填空①TheamountofMary’sschoolworkisabouttotheaveragewhileLucy’sislessandaverage.②Hewasagoodstudentandscoredaverageinmostsubjects.(2)用mon，ordinary，average填空①Hisineiswellbelowthe.②RabbitsandfoxesareinBritain.③Hepreferredtobetreatedasanworker.[归纳拓展2](1)occupyvt.占领，占据；占用(空间、面积、时间等)；使忙于；(使)全神贯注于occupysb./sth./oneselfwithsth./indoingsth.使……忙于某事/做某事sb.beoccupiedwithsth./indoingsth.某人忙于某事/做某事keepsb.occupied使某人忙碌(2)occupationn．居住；占据；工作；职业[语境助记2](1)Duringthewar，Germanyoccupiedmanycountries，includingFrance.战争期间，德国占领了很多国家，包括法国。(2)Theyoftenoccupyaverywidearea，withmountainsandrivers.它们通常占地面积非常广，有山脉、河流。(3)Ateachershouldoccupyhimselfwitheducationaswellaswithteaching.教师不仅要专心于教书还要育人。[题组训练2](1)用occupy的正确形式填空①herselfwithroutineofficetasks，shehadnotimetoattendtoherchildren.②Pleasefillintheformstatingyour.③withherchildren，MrsWhitecan’tgoshoppingwithus.④Readingmostofmyfreetime.⑤Thisgamewillkeepthechildren.(2)用适当的介词填空①IoccupiedmyselfwritingandIcouldn’tspareanytimetoplaywithyou.②Helenwasfullyoccupiedbusinessmattersyesterday.③Allthestudentsareoccupiedmakingpreparationsforthefinalexamination.[联想归纳]我们学过的表示“忙于做某事”的短语还有哪些？请补全。①beinsth.②bewithsth./(in)doingsth.③bewithsth./(in)doingsth.6．Dowhicheverofthesethingsthatsuityou.做任何适合你的事。[归纳拓展](1)suitvt.适合；n.套装besuitedto/for适合于……suitsth.tosb./sth.使某物适合于某人/某物asuitof一套(衣服)(2)suitableadj.合适的，适宜的besuitableto/for适合于……[语境助记](1)Attheevents，youcanmeetexpertgrowersanddiscusswhichoneswillbestsuityourconditions.(2016·全国Ⅲ)在活动上，你可能遇见种植专家并和他们讨论哪些将最适合你的条件。(2)Herspeechwaswellsuitedto/fortheoccasion.她的讲话在这个场合十分得体。(3)Hehadonlyonegoodsuit.他只有一套好衣服。[易混辨析]suit，fit，match(1)suit侧重合乎条件、身份、口味、需要等；指衣服时，指在颜色、样式等方面适合某人。(2)fit侧重尺寸、大小合适，因而引申为“吻合”。(3)match指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配，相当于gowith。[题组训练](1)用suit，fit，match的正确形式填空①Agoodteacherhislessonstotheageofhispupils.②Rose’sclothesandhatdon’t.③Nodishalltastes.④Thecoatissmall.Itdoesn’tme.(2)单句语法填空①Iboughtasuitclothes.②Hesuitedhisspeechtheaudience.③Sheissuitedteaching.④Wethoughthima(suit)personforthejob.经典句式1．Howoftendowearriveatworkorschoolstressedout，tiredandangry?有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？[归纳拓展]句中stressedout，tiredandangry作状语，用来说明主语we的状态。stressed，tired为过去分词形式的形容词。形容词在句中作状语，其功能在于说明主语的特征或状态。可以作伴随、原因、让步状语。[语境助记](1)LittleTomsatamazedwatchingthemonkeydancinginfrontofhim.(2015·四川)小汤姆吃惊地坐在那儿看着猴子在他面前跳舞。(2)Absorbedinpainting，Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.(2015·天津)由于专心于绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。(3)Helpless，wewatchedhalfayear’sfooddestroyedbeforeus.我们毫无办法，眼睁睁地看着半年的粮食在我们面前给毁掉了。[题组训练](1)用所给动词的正确形式填空①Hegothome，safebut(tire)．②Therabbitturnedover，(die)．③Heturnedaway，(disappoint)．(2)句型转换Afterhearingwhattheyoungmansaid，MrBlacklefttheroom，andhewasangryandsad.→Afterhearingwhattheyoungmansaid，MrBlacklefttheroom，.2．Onaverage，aboutfortypeopletravelinonebus，whilethesamenumberoccupythirty­threecars.平均而言，大约40人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据33辆小轿车。[归纳拓展](1)while为并列连词，连接两个并列句，表示转折、对比，意为“而，却”。(2)while可用作名词，意为“一段时间，一会儿”；也可用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候；在……期间”；引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。[语境助记](1)HecouldcatchmanyfishwhileIcouldn’tcatchanything.(2015·广东)他能钓到很多鱼，而我却什么也逮不着。(2)WhilewatchingTV，childrendonotmerelyabsorbwordsandimages.(2015·广东)在看电视的时候，孩子们不仅仅理解文字和影像。(3)Whileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife，notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.(2016·浙江)尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并非它的所有影响都是积极正面的。[题组训练]写出下列句子中while的汉语意思(1)FatherwascleaningthecarwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.(2)Whilehewasverytired，theteacherleftthedormitoryonlywhenallhisstudentswereasleep.(3)Ilikeswimming，whilemysisterlikessinging.(4)Theychattedforawhile.Ⅰ.单词拼写1．By2016，this(数字)hadrisento14million.2．Thethief(承认)thathehadeverstolensomethinginthesupermarket.3．Sheis(沉迷于)toTVplays.4．Whenwalkinginthestreet，weshouldwalkonthe(人行道)．5．Don’tworry，we’llgetthemoneyback(以某种方式)．6．Playingbasketballisakindof(身体的)exercise.7．Thesewingmachinewillsoon(占领)about50%oftheworldmarket.8．Peterowedme1,000dollarsbutcouldpayonlyhalfthata.9．Thesenovelshavebeenshortenedtostheneedofchildren.10．Theremustbesomethingwrongwiththe(发动机)ofmycar.Ⅱ.选词填空eq\x(relateto，getstuckin，goup，admitto，beaddictedto)11．Whenawolfwaseatingananimal，asmallbonefromthemeathisthroat.12．Realinesofworkersby10%inthepastyear.13．Tomplayinggolf，thinkingaboutnothingbutit.14．Thisreportdoesnothim.15．Doyoutakingthesebookswithouttellinganybody?Ⅲ.完成句子16．老人在风雪中度过了好几天，又冷又饿。Theoldmanspentseveraldaysinthewindandsnow，.17．虽然他爱他的学生，但他对他们很严格。，heisverystrictwiththem.18．现代农业耕作方法可能对环境造成影响。Modernfarmingmethodscantheenvironment.19．我担心我是不是伤了她的感情。Iworryabout.20．每年在烟草上花去大量的钱。Alargeamountofmoneytobaccoeveryyear.Ⅳ.课文语法填空Take21.(active)somehow！Weoftenthinkthereisnothingwecandoaboutthenoise，22.(pollute)anddangeroftraffic.Thereis.Ifyourstreet’sfull23.heavytraffic，talktoyourneighboursaboutit.Writetothepapers.Gotothecitygovernment.Askfor24.speedlimit.Askforapedestrianarea.Do25.(which)ofthesethingsthatsuityou.Don’tjustsit26.andplain!Allquitesimple，isn’tit？Well，I’msorryImustfinishthisarticle.I’vegottopick27.mydaughterfromschool28.fouro’clock.ThenI’vegottodrivetoSainsbury’stodotheshopping.After29.Ihavetotakemysontoaparty.Andtomo