高考英语精准备考一轮（外研版）讲义选修六Module5Cloning

[一积词汇见多识广][课内单词回扣](一)阅读词汇写其义1．controversialadj.有争议的2pulsoryadj.强制的，强迫的3．fundamentaladj.基本的，重要的4.flexibleadj.易适应的5．optionaladj.可选择的6.suspectn.嫌疑人7．incredibleadj.难以置信的8.imaginaryadj.假想的；虚构的(二)表达词汇写其形1．chasev．追逐，追赶，追踪2.murderv．谋杀3．refusev.拒绝4.contrastv.对照5．rushv.冲，猛冲6.curev.治愈7．spitv.吐出(唾液)8.emotionn.感情；情绪(三)拓展词汇灵活用*1.breathev．呼吸→breathn．呼吸*2.beneficialadj.有益的，有用的→benefitn．好处，益处v.得益于*3.terrifyv．使惊恐，使受惊吓→terrifiedadj.恐惧的→terrifyingadj.令人恐惧的→terrorn．恐惧，恐怖→terroristn．恐怖分子*4.resistv．抵抗，忍耐；抵制→resistantadj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的→resistancen．抵抗*5.analysev．分析→analysisn．分析6．absorbv．吸收→absorbingadj.吸引人的；引人入胜的7．violencen．暴力→violentadj.猛烈的，暴力的*8.acpanyv．陪伴，陪同→panyn．陪伴→panionn．同伴，伴侣用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空1．ThetrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterdayterrifiedMary.Itwasreallyaterrifyingexperiencetoher,andnowsheisstillterrifiedatthethoughtofgettingonabus.(terrify)2．EveryoneknowsthebenefitoflearningEnglishandifyouworkhard,itwillbebeneficialtoyourfuturecareer.ItisreportedthatmanygraduateshavebenefitedfromhavingagoodmandofEnglish.(benefit)3．Thedogisagoodpanionanditkeepsthelittlegirlpanyallthetime,andevenacpanieshertoschool.(acpany)4．Theresistance(resist)tovaccinehascontinuedfordecades,anditisdrivenbyarealbutverysmallrisk.(2017·北京高考)5．Hetookadeepbreathtobreathethefreshair.(breathe)6．Analysethemathsproblemcarefullyandyourcarefulanalysiswillhelpyoufindthesolutiontoit.(analyse)[话题单词积累]1．biotechnology/ˌbaiə(ʊ)tek'nɔlədʒI/n.生物科技2．transplant/trænsplaːnt/n.&vt.移植3．robot/'rəubɔt/n.机器人4．hardware/'hɑːdweə/n.硬件5．software/'sɔf(t)weə/n.软件6．system/'sIstəm/n.系统；体系7．data/'deItə/n.数据，资料8．database/'deItəbeIs/n.数据库9．Internet/'intənet/n.互联网10．network/'netwɜːk/n.网络11．website/'websait/n.网址12．cyberspace/'saIbəspeIs/n.网络空间13．connect/kə'nekt/vt.连接，把……联系起来14．convenient/kən'viːniənt/adj.便利的，方便的15．download/daun'ləud/n．&vt.16．calculate/'kælkjuleIt/vt.计算，核算，推测17．digital/'dIdʒIt(ə)l/adj.数字的18．powerful/'pauəful/adj.强大的19．wonder/'wʌndə/n.奇迹20．universe/'juːnIvɜːs/n.宇宙21．secret/'siːkrIt/n.秘密22．explore/Ik'splɔː/v.探索23．empower/Im'pauə/vt.授权；使能够24．reveal/rI'viːl/v.揭示25．plex/'kɔmpleks/adj.复杂的[二积短语顿挫抑扬][课内短语回扣](一)根据汉语写出下列短语*1.burn_out(火)燃尽，烧完自灭，烧毁2.contrast_with与……形成对照3．treat_...as_...把……当成……对待*4.(be)_identical_to和……一样，与……一致5．throw_oneself_on_...扑倒在……上*6.by_mistake错误地*7.as_far_as_we_know据我们所知*8.break_down分解，发生故障*9.rely_on依靠，依赖10.get_out_of_control摆脱控制11．a_sequence_of一系列的12．as_follows如下13．knock_out摧毁，击倒14．bring_...back_to_life使……复活(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子1．Thespeechyougavethisyearwas_identical_totheoneyougaveattheconferencelastyear.2．IneedtocallmyfriendDavidinwhosecoatIwalkedoffby_mistakeyesterday.3．Ahealthcareprojectcanprovidetreatmentathalfthecostorless,relying_ontheneedsofthepatient.4．Itwasalreadyoneinthemorning,andmycandlewasnearlyburnt_out,_whenIsawthedullyelloweyesofthecreatureopen.5．As_far_as_we_know,_travelinginspacehasbeenmadepossiblewiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology.6．Hehadtopausefromtimetotimetowipethesweatfromhisforehead,becausetheair­conditioningsystembroke_down.[话题短语积累]1．technologicalinnovation科技创新2．newfrontier新领域3．3Dtechnology3D技术4．digitaltechnology数字技术5．artificialintelligence人工智能6．newandhightechnologyindustry高新技术产业7．test­tubebaby试管婴儿8．GMF＝GeneticallyModifiedFood转基因食品9．spacetechnology太空技术10．intelligentterminal智能终端11．tabletpersonalputer平板电脑12．portableputer便携式电脑13．virtualnet虚拟网14．textmessage手机短信15．surftheInternet上网冲浪16．haveaccessto/beaccessibleto能使用17．IT＝informationtechnology信息技术18．searchengine搜索引擎19．distractone'sattention分散某人的注意力20．haveanegativeeffect有负面影响21．electronicbooks电子读物[三积句式写作扮靓][课内句式仿写]1．while引导的时间状语从句的省略句式[例句]Whilestudyingatuniversity,hediscoversthesecretofhowtocreatelife.[仿写]当查找一些信息时，我们可以通过触摸屏来操作。While_searching_for_some_information,_wecanoperatebytouchingthescreen.2．“Itis/was＋被强调部分＋that/who...”强调句型[例句]ItwasonacoldNovembernightthatIsawmycreationforthefirsttime.[仿写]拥有真诚和信任我们才能创建一个和谐的气氛。It_waswithsincerityandfaithfulnessthatwecreatedaharmoniousatmosphere.3．wish后面的宾语从句中常用虚拟语气[例句]IwishIhadnotcreatedthiscreature,IwishIwasontheothersideoftheworld,IwishIcoulddisappear![仿写]小男孩希望他现在是一个超人，能飞往月球。Thelittleboywisheshewere_a_supermannowandcould_flytothemoon.[话题佳句背诵]1．Withtherapiddevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,avarietyofhigh­techproductshavespilledoverintoeachfieldinliving.随着科学技术的迅速发展，各种各样的高科技产品渗透到生活中的各个领域。2．Inthelastdecades,itisadvancesinmedicaltechnologythathavemadeitpossibleforpeopletolivelongerthaninthepast.在过去的几十年间，是医疗技术的进步使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。3．Whenanewproductesintobeing,itmustbetestedoutbeforeitisputintouse.当有新产品问世时，在投入使用之前，一定要进行检验。[四背语段语感流畅]Throughoutthehistoryofscience,whetheritisthepastorthepresent,foreignordomestic,withoutexception,thepowerofscienceispowerful：Thepowerofscienceisallaroundus.Wesee,hear,touch,tasteandexperiencethewonderofscienceeveryday.Fromtheelectricitythatlightsandheatsourhomes,tosmartphonesthatconnectustofamilyandfriends,torobotsthatcarryoutplexsurgery,andspacetechnologythatrevealsthesecretsoftheuniverse—scienceempowersustoshapeeveryaspectofourworld.Thankstothepowerofsciencewecanimproveourhealth,explorenewworlds,andmakeourworldabetterplace.纵观科学史，无论是过去还是现在，国外还是国内，无不说明科学的力量是强大的：科学的力量就在我们周围。我们每天都看到、听到、触摸、品味和体验科学的奇迹。从给我们的房屋带来光明和温暖的电力，到使我们与家人和朋友保持联系的智能手机，到进行复杂外科手术的机器人，再到揭示宇宙秘密的太空技术——科学赋予我们塑造世界每一个方面的能力。由于科学的力量，我们可以改善我们的健康，探索新的世界，使我们的世界更美好。[第一板块重点词汇突破][师生共研词汇]1．beneficialadj.有益的；有用的[教材原句]Doyouthinkcloningmaybebeneficial/helpfultohumans?你认为克隆对人类有益吗？(1)bebeneficialto对……有利/益处(2)benefitv.有利于，对……有益n.益处，好处benefitfrom/by从……中获益；得益于forthebenefitofsb.＝forone'sbenefit为了某人的利益beofbenefitto对……有益处①Frommypointofview,ourlibraryshouldbuysomepopularsciencebooksandliterarybooksbecausetheyareofgreatbenefittous.(2014·浙江高考书面表达)→Frommypointofview,ourlibraryshouldbuysomepopularsciencebooksandliterarybooksbecausetheyare_very_beneficial_tous.在我个人看来，图书馆应该购买一批受欢迎的科普类图书和文学类图书，因为它们对我们很有益。②ManyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbutforThomasEdison.(2015·江苏高考单选)要不是托马斯·爱迪生，我们现在从中受益的很多东西就不会存在。③Chinahasbeenpushingthereformofpublichospitalsfor_the_benefit_ofallitscitizens.为了全体公民的利益，中国一直在推进公立医疗机构的改革。2．curev．治愈；治疗；改正；解决n.治愈；治疗；治疗方法[教材原句]Wecouldusecloningtocureillnesses.我们可以利用克隆技术来治病。curesb.of治好某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯beyondcure无可救药acurefor(疾病的)治疗方法；(问题的)解决方法①Toourjoy,thedoctorhascuredhimofhisillness.令我们高兴的是，医生已经治好他的病。②Chinesescientistsareabsorbedinfurtherresearchtofindacureforcancer.中国科学家致力于进一步研究以找到治愈癌症的方法。[辨析比较]cure,treatcure指“治愈，治好”疾病，消除痛苦，除掉恶习、弊端、嗜好等，侧重结果。常用于curesb.ofsth.结构中treat通常强调过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗，但不含治好的意思。一般用于treatsb.forsth.结构中选用以上单词填空③Thedoctorsspentamonthtreatingher,andatlastshewascured.3．resistv．抵抗，抵制；使不受……的伤害；忍住[经典例句]Theyaredeterminedtoresistpressuretochangethelaw.他们决心顶住要求改革法律的压力。(1)resistdoingsth.反对做某事can'tresist(doing)sth.忍不住(做)某事(2)resistantadj.有抵抗力的，抵抗的beresistantto对……有抵抗力(3)resistancen.抗拒，反对，阻力①Shecouldn'tresistlaughing(laugh)whenherteachertoldafunnyjokeinclass.当她的老师在班上讲滑稽笑话时，她忍不住大笑。②Somegovernmentofficialsweren'tresistant_tothetemptationofmoney,andwerepunishedbylawintheend.一些政府官员抵制不住金钱的诱惑，最后受到了法律的制裁。[名师指津]resist表示“忍住”时，常与表示否定意义的can't/canhardly/benotableto连用；resist后接v.­ing形式作宾语，不接不定式。4．absorbv．吸收；吸引(某人)注意力；使专心；理解，掌握[经典例句]Ourgoodlearninghabitswillmakeusstudymoreeasilyandefficientlyandabsorbknowledgepletely.我们良好的学习习惯会使我们更容易、更高效地学习，而且完全掌握知识。(1)absorb/attract/drawone'sattention吸引某人的注意力absorb...into...把……吸收进……(2)absorbedadj.全神贯注的，专心致志的(be)absorbedin...全神贯注于……(3)absorbingadj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的①Agoodbookcouldabsorb_our_attentionsopletelythatforthetimebeingweforgetoursurroundings.一本好书能如此完全吸引我们的注意力，以至于我们暂时忘掉了周围的环境。②Alcoholmaytakeafewminutestobe_absorbed_intothebloodstreamandstartactiononthebrain.几分钟的时间酒精就会被吸收到血流中并开始对大脑起作用。[熟词生义]写出加黑单词在语境中的含义③It'salotofinformationtoabsorballatonce.理解，掌握[联想发散]beabsorbedin(doing)sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用过去分词，形式为“absorbedin...”。类似的结构还有：①belostin专心致志于……②becaught/trappedin被困在……③beburiedin埋头于……④beinvolvedin专注于……⑤bedevotedto专心于……⑥beoccupiedin忙于……[词汇过关练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Iftheyrefuseto_make(make)heart­feltapologies,wewillhavetobringanactionagainstthem.2．Allofasudden,thethiefwalkingbehindayoungandprettyladyseizedherpurse,rushing(rush)intothecrowd.3．Idon'tlikeanyhumourinthisseriousspeechbecauseIcan'tthinkofanycircumstancewherethiswouldbebeneficial(benefit)oruseful.4．ScientistsarestillwonderinghowitisthattheEgyptiansbuiltthepyramidssolongago.5．Sheisoverweight,butshestillcan'tresisteating(eat)moredeliciousfood.6．Acpanied(acpany)bytheleader,theyvisitedthehospital.7．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)Butatthemoment,schoolesfirst.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.8．Emilyfeltverysadthatshewassuspectedofprovidingfalsestatementsincourt.9．Takeadeepbreath(breathe)andholditinyourchest.Itcaneffectivelycontrolyouranxiety.10．Weshouldavoidthemistakesthatarisefromabasicmisunderstanding.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Asweallknow,readingalotisbenefittoimprovingourEnglish.benefit→beneficial或benefit前加of2．Thenumberofroadaccidentsandthedeathsarisefromthoseaccidentshasincreasedoverthepastyear.arise→arising3．Hehadbeensoabsorbinginwatchingthecarpassingbythathedidn'tnoticehisfriendsing.absorbing→absorbed4．Punishmentcanneverbeaneffectivecureofseveresocialproblems.of→for5．Weallsuspectedhimstealingthemoney,butheinsistedthathewasinnocent.him后加ofⅢ.单句写作(一句多译)1．我希望这个假期会对你有好处。①Ihopethisholidaywill_be_beneficial_to_you.(bebeneficialto)②Ihopethisholidaywill_be_of_benefit_to_you.(beofbenefitto)③Ihopeyouwill_benefit_fromthisholiday.(benefitfrom)④Ihopethisholidaywill_benefit_you.(benefitvt.)2．和他们待在一起时，彼得忍不住捉弄他们。①Whenstayingwiththem,Petercouldn't_help_playing_a_joke_on_them.(can'thelpdoing)②Whenstayingwiththem,Petercouldn't_be_resistant_to_playing_a_joke_on_them.(beresistanttodoing)③Whenstayingwiththem,Petercouldn't_resist_playing_a_joke_on_them.(resistdoing)3．由于专注于作画，约翰没有注意到我进入他的书房。①Ashewas_absorbed_in_painting,_Johndidn'tnoticemeenterhisstudy.(beabsorbedin)②Absorbed_in_painting,_Johndidn'tnoticemeenterhisstudy.(分词作状语)[第二板块短语、句式突破]1．get/runoutofcontrol摆脱控制；失去控制[经典例句]Thestreetpartywenton,gettinglouderandlouderandmoreoutofcontrol.街头聚会还在继续，声音越来越大而且更加失控。getcontrolof控制，掌握outofcontrol失去控制(状态)losecontrolof失去对……的控制incontrolof控制着under/inthecontrolof受……的管理/控制bring/get/keep...undercontrol控制住beyondcontrol无法控制①Toohighhousepricescanbebroughtundercontrol,providedthattheauthoritiesintroduceaseriesofregulatorypolicies.如果政府采取一系列调控措施的话，高房价是可以得到控制的。②Thechildrenarepletelyout_of_controlsincetheirfatherleft.这些孩子自他们的父亲离开后就无法无天了。2．breakdown分解；拆除；失败；(机器等)出故障；(身体、精神等)垮掉，崩溃[教材原句]Whenlifeends,DNAbreaksdownanddoesnotrepairitself.当生命结束后，DNA分解并且不能自我修复。[一词多义]写出下列句中breakdown的含义①Talkswithbusinessleadersbrokedownlastnight.失败②Thecarbrokedownhalfwaytothecamp.出故障③You'llbreakdownifyoualwaysstayuplate.垮掉④Hisfatherfailedtobreakdownthedoor.拆除⑤Plasticbagsaredifficulttobreakdown.分解breakinto强行闯入；突然开始(笑、唱等)breakout(战争、火灾等)突然爆发，突然发生breakup分手，解散；放假breakawayfrom脱离；挣脱⑥Wearrivedatworkinthemorningandfoundthatsomebodyhad_broken_intotheofficeduringthenight.我们在早晨到达工作地点时发现有人在(前一天)晚上闯进了办公室。3．Iwish_I_had_not_createdthiscreature,Iwish_I_wasontheothersideoftheworld,Iwish_I_could_disappear!但愿我没有制造出那个家伙，但愿我身处世界的另一边，但愿我可以消失无踪！“wish＋宾语从句”意为“但愿……；希望……；……就好了”，往往表达与事实相反或不太可能实现的愿望，因而从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气。wish后跟宾语从句时，从句一般使用虚拟语气，从句中的谓语形式如下：(1)did/were(表示与现在事实相反的愿望)(2)haddone/been(表示与过去事实相反的愿望)(3)would/could/might＋动词原形(表示与将来事实相反的愿望)①Iwish(that)Ihad(have)wingsandcouldflytoyourhome.我希望我有双翅膀而且能够飞到你家去。②Iwish(that)youhad_gone(go)totheconcertwithuslastnight.我真希望昨天晚上你跟我们一起去听音乐会。③Iwish(that)Iwould_have(have)abetterchancetolearninthefuture.我真希望在将来我能有更好的学习机会。[短语、句式过关练]Ⅰ.选词填空knockdown，getoutofcontrol，relyon，breakdown，bymistake，contrast...with，burnout，throwoneselfon，bring...backtolife，asfarasIknow1．As_far_as_I_know,_Iwastheonlycandidatewhohadeversaidasmuch.2．Thechildrengot_out_of_controlaftertheirteacherleft.3．Hewassotiredthatonarrivingathomehethrew_himself_onthebedandfellasleep.4．Afterafewmonths'repair,theoldcitywasbrought_back_to_lifeagain.5．Lackingenoughair,thefirewassoonburnt_out.6．It'sinterestingtocontrasttheAmericanlegalsystemwiththeChineseone.7．IapologizedtohimbecauseItookhisumbrellaby_mistake.8．Relying_ontheirownefforts,theyovercameallthedifficultiesandfinishedthetaskaheadoftime.9．Weweredownloadingmusicwhenourputerbroke_downsuddenly.10．Ginanearlywas_knocked_downasacardroveoutfartooquicklyfrombehindalorry.Ⅱ.break短语填空1．Withnocashforfood,hebroke_intoanoldwoman'shouse,hopingtostealsomemoney.2．Old­fashionedphonesmatterwhenwirelessnetworksbreak_downindisasters.3．Oncatchingsightofhismother,thelittleboybroke_away_fromhisgrandmotherandthrewhimselfintohismother'sarms.4．Whendoestheschoolbreak_upforthewinterholidays?5．Theirhappinessdidn'tlastlong,forthewar_broke_outsoonaftertheygotmarried.Ⅲ.用control短语完成句子/句型转换1．Tooursurprise,theman,whowaslookeddownuponbyothersinthepast,isnowin_control_ofthewholeproject.2．Thefirewasout_of_controlatthebeginning,butatlastitwasbroughtunder_control.3．Hetriedtobrakethecar,butitwasbeyond_control.4．Ifyoudon'tchangeyourmind,thesituationwillbebeyondcontrol.→Ifyoudon'tchangeyourmind,thesituationwillbeout_of_control.→Ifyoudon'tchangeyourmind,youwilllose_control_ofthesituation.5．Hewasinthecontrolofevilmenandforcedtodobadthings.→Evilmenwerein_control_ofhimandforcedhimtodobadthings.Ⅳ.用“wish＋宾语从句”补全句子1．我多么希望自己是一只飞鸟！How_I_wish_I_wereaflyingbird!2．但愿你明天和我一块去旅游。I_wish_you_would_go_travellingwithmetomorrow.3．他真希望当时她来看他时他在家啊！He_wished_he_had_beenathomewhenshecametoseehim.eq\a\vs4\al([课堂双线提能]课堂一刻钟演练，实现教材与高考的对接)提能一用课文词汇写高分作文cloning，cure，beneficial，arise，terrify，refuse，relyon，bring...backtolife，getoutofcontrol，bymistake，knockout，beidenticalto，asfarasweknow1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)①最近，我们班关于克隆进行了热烈的讨论。Recently,ourclasshashadaheateddiscussionaboutcloning._②一些人认为克隆对人类是有益的。人们可以依靠这项技术治愈一些疾病。Somethinkcloningisbeneficialtohumanbeings.Peoplecanrely_onthistechnologytocuresomediseases.③克隆可以使已经灭绝的物种复活，使得这个世界更多姿多彩。Cloningcanhelpbringextinctspeciesback_to_lifeandmaketheworldmorecolorful.④其他人反对克隆。如果克隆失去控制，很多问题就会出现。例如，科学家有可能错误地制造出毁灭我们的世界的怪物。Othersareagainstit.Ifcloninggot_out_of_control,_manyproblemswouldarise.Forexample,scientistsmaycreatemonstersby_mistakeandtheymayknock_outourworld.⑤如果许多人或动物都彼此一模一样，这个世界是令人害怕的。Ifmanypeopleoranimalswere_identical_to_eachother,theworldwouldbeterrifying.⑥据我们所知，克隆技术还不是很完美。我们应该拒绝广泛使用它。As_far_as_we_know,_cloningisnotperfect.Weshouldrefusetouseitwidely.2．升级平淡句(1)用现在分词短语作状语改写句③Cloning_can_help_bring_extinct_species_back_to_life,_making_the_world_more_colorful.(2)用定语从句改写句④后半部分Forexample,...ourworld.For_example,_scientists_may_create_monsters_by_mistake,_which_may_knock_out_our_world.(3)把句⑤中if从句变成倒装句Were_many_people_or_animals_identical_to_each_other,_the_world_would_be_terrifying.3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：however,what'smore,foronething,foranother,so)Recently,_our_class_has_had_a_heated_discussion_about_cloning._Somethinkcloningisbeneficialtohumanbeings.Foronething,peoplecanrelyonthistechnologytocuresomediseases.Foranother,cloningcanhelpbringextinctspeciesbacktolife,makingtheworldmorecolorful.However,othersareagainstit.Ifcloninggotoutofcontrol,manyproblemswouldarise.Forexample,scientistsmaycreatemonstersbymistake,whichmayknockoutourworld.What'smore,ifmanypeopleoranimalswereidenticaltoeachother,theworldwouldbeterrifying.Asfarasweknow,cloningisnotperfect,soweshouldrefusetouseitwidely.提能二用课文句型解构高考长难句[本单元突破点——破折号引出同位语的复杂句]经典例句比较分析真题尝试翻译课文长难句In1973,biochemistsCohenandBoyerdiscoveredaproceduretouseenzymes—chemicalsformedinthebody—tounziptheDNA,tocutoutasequenceofgenes,andfinallytoinsertthemintothehostcellandbinewithitsDNA.两个破折号之间部分为其前一个名词enzymes的同位语，用以解释说明这一名词。通常，流言传播一个人们更愿意保密的话题：情侣分手、家庭纠纷、甚至某人辍学等。真题长难句Usually,gossipspreadsinformationaboutatopic—breakups,troubleathome,evendroppingout—thatapersonwouldratherkeepsecret.(2016·浙江高考阅读理解A)两个破折号之间部分为其前一个名词topic的同位语，用以解释说明这一名词。“科普知识与现代技术”是高考常考话题之一。克隆，对人类来说早就不是一个梦了，在1996年7月5日，苏格兰罗斯林研究所里克隆羊“多莉”的诞生就告诉了人们：从今以后，克隆技术的飞速发展会成为必然。对于克隆技术有人赞同，有人批判，作为新时代的你相信一定也有着自己的态度。纵观历年高考试题，此话题多在完形填空和阅读理解题中考查。一、话题与语篇[考题示例](2016·四川高考)Bothmenandwomenarelivinglongerthesedaysinindustrializedcountries.__1__Ingeneral,theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.Onereasonforthisisbiological.Oneimportantbiologicalfactorthathelpswomenlivelongeristhedifferenceinhormonesbetweenmenandwomen.__2__Betweentheagesofabout12and50,womenproducehormonesthatareinvolvedinfertility(生育能力).Thesehormonesalsohaveapositiveeffectontheheartandthebloodflow.Infact,womenarelesslikelytohavehighbloodpressureortodiefromheartattacks.__3__Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygetsicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Themoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.__4__Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowgenesinfluenceaging,buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawoman'sbodycellshaveatendency(倾向)toagemoreslowlythanaman's.Othersthinkthataman'sbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.__5__A．However,women,onaverage,livelonger.B．Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.C．Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes.D．Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.E．Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.F．Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.G．Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolvariousbodyfunctions.[策略指导](一)这样读文通读全文，可知本文体裁为说明文，其行文脉络如下：(二)这样做题[名师解题]1．选A根据空格后的“Ingeneral,theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.”可知，空格处讲的是平均来看，女人的寿命更长。同时，空格处所表达的内容与文章第一句构成转折关系。所以A项正确。2．选G此处为过渡句，解释什么是荷尔蒙并谈及它的作用。所以G项正确。3．选D由空格后的“Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.”可知，该段讲的是荷尔蒙的其他功能。所以D项正确。4．选C由空格后的“Scientistsarestillnotexactlysure...toagemoreslowlythanaman's.”可知，本段主要讲了基因与衰老的关系。所以C项正确。5．选E空格处的前两句谈及了两个观点。所以E项正确。[阅读七选五系列技法3]利用逻辑关系线索解题由于英语的段与段之间，句与句之间经常会运用连接词表示衔接和过渡，使文章逻辑更清楚、结构更连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的信息词在选择答案时都是很重要的线索。文章语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助其逻辑关系来把握，即连接性词语。从逻辑意义上来讲，句与句、段与段之间基本关系有以下几种：1．从细节逻辑上判断——因果关系因果关系主要指前后的句子有着原因和结果之间的关系，这种关系往往说明了前因后果或者前果后因等情况。表示因果关系的连词有asaresult“结果……”；thus/therefore“因此”；so/such...that...“如此……以至于”等。2．从细节逻辑上判断——转折关系转折关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句构成逆转逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的逆转，则空格处很有可能是个转折逻辑的句子。表示转折关系的连接词有：however“然而”；nevertheless“仍然，然而，不过”；nonetheless“尽管如此，依然，然而”；still“还；然而”；though“可是，不过，然而”；yet“然而”；inspiteof“不顾，不管”；atanyrate“无论如何，至少”；inanycase“无论如何，不管怎样”；whoever“无论是谁”；whatever“无论什么”；onthecontrary“正相反”；incontrast“与此相反，相比之下”；bycontrast“相反，相比之下”；inparison“比较起来，比较地”；byparison“相比之下”；conversely“相反(地)”；otherwise“否则；除此以外”；not...but“不是……而是”；aswell“也”等。例如上文第1题，空格后“Ingeneral,theycanexpecttolivesixorsevenyearsmorethanmen.”可知，空格处应是：女人的寿命更长。空格处所表达的内容与上一句构成转折关系。3．从细节逻辑上判断——例证关系前后句的某句是为了证明另一句而举的例子。例证的形式多样，但就其本质而言无非是思维上的形象(举例、类比等)和抽象(观点)的辩证关系，用到的思维过程无非就是基本的归纳(从举例到观点)和推理(从观点到举例)。4．从细节逻辑上判断——递进关系递进关系主要指英语行文中后句对前句是一种顺承逻辑关系。如果空格前后两句话之间是逻辑上的递进关系，则空格处很有可能是个递进的句子。表示递进关系的连词有：also“也，而且”；further“另外(的)”；furthermore“而且，此外”；likewise“照样地；也，又”；similarly“相似地，类似地”；moreover“而且；再者，此外”；inaddition“另外，加之”；what'smore“更重要的是”；too“也，还”；either“也”；neither“两者都不”；notonly...butalso“不但……而且”等。5．从细节逻辑上判断——平行关系表示列举关系的有：first“首先，第一”，second“第二”，third“第三”；firstly“第一，首先”，secondly“第二(点)；其次”，thirdly“第三”；first“第一”，next“其次”，then“那么，然后”；inthefirstplace“第一，首先”，inthesecondplace“第二，其次”；foronething“首先，一则”，foranotherthing“其次”；tobeginwith“首先，第一”；toconclude“最后”等。(三)这样积累1．industrializedadj.工业化的2．Hormonen.荷尔蒙，激素3．infectionn.感染4．beinvolvedin涉及，卷入5．haveatendencyto有……的倾向二、话题与写作[考题示例](2015·广东高考)你接受了一项写作任务，为英语校报写一篇科技报道。[写作内容]请根据以下信息，介绍国外医疗行业出现的一项新技术，内容包括：技术名称：DNA检测检测方法：唾液样本分析检测费用：125英镑检测时长：4到6周检测用途：1.预测重大疾病2．预知食物偏好3．提示合适的锻炼方式检测影响：1.增强健康意识2．易引起过度焦虑*唾液样本：salivasample[写作要求]只能用5个句子表达全部内容。[评分标准]句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。[写作规范]第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分1．技术technique2．分析analyze3．持续last4．花费cost5．预测predict6．使能够；使可行enable7．食物偏好food_preference8．合适的appropriate/fit9．提高……的意识raise_...awareness_of10．有可能be_likely_to第二步：列全要点、写对句子保基本分1．DNA检测是项新技术。DNATestis_a_new_technique.2．它通过唾液样本分析被检测。It_is_tested_by_analyzingsalivasample.3．它出现在国外医疗行业中。It_appearsintheforeignmedicalindustry.4．这项检测持续4到6周。Thetestlasts_for_4－6_weeks.5．这项检测花费125英镑。Thetestcosts_125_pounds.6．这项技术能被用来预测重大疾病。Thetechniquecan_be_used_to_predictmajordiseases.7．这项技术使人们能够预知受测者的食物偏好。Thetechniqueenables_people_to_foreseetheexaminees'foodpreference.8．据说这项检测将提高受测者的健康意识。Itissaidthatthetestwillraise_the_examinees'_awareness_of_health.9．这项检测可能会引起你过度焦虑。Thetestmay_cause_you_to_be_overly_anxious.第三步：句式升级、打造亮点得高分1．把句1改为同位语，句2改为which引导的定语从句，然后和句3合并DNA_Test,_a_new_technique,_which_is_tested_by_analyzing_saliva_sample,_appears_in_the_foreign_medical_industry.2．把句4改为现在分词短语作状语，然后和句5合并Lasting_for_4－6_weeks,_the_test_costs_125_pounds.3．用notonly...butalso...的倒装句合并句6和句7Not_only_can_the_technique_be_used_to_predict_major_diseases,_but_it_also_enables_people_to_foresee_the_examinees'_food_preference.4．用but连接句8和句9It_is_said_that_the_test_will_raise_the_examinees'_awareness_of_health,_but_it_may_cause_you_to_be_overly_anxious.第四步：过渡衔接、润色成文创满分DNA_Test,_a_new_technique,_which_is_tested_by_analyzing_saliva_sample,_appears_in_the_foreign_medical_industry._Lasting_for_4－6_weeks,_the_test_costs_125_pounds._As_for_its_functions,_not_only_can_the_technique_be_used_to_predict_major_diseases,_but_it_also_enables_people_to_foresee_the_examinees'_food_preference._With_such_a_technique,_examiners_are_able_to_provide_various_suggestions_on_appropriate_ways_of_exercise_for_examinees._It_is_said_that_the_test_will_raise_the_examinees'_awareness_of_health,_but_it_may_cause_you_to_be_overly_anxious.[单元检测·高考提能]Ⅰ.阅读理解AAn18­year­oldwhojustfinishedhighschoolhasdevelopedarevolutionarydevice(装置)whichallowsvisuallyimpairedorblindpeopletobemoremobile—afteringupwiththeideawhenhewas12.“Tobeconsideredisarealhonor.Itmeanstheworkwe'redoingisreallyvaluable，”AlexDeanssaid.Theteen,fromOntarioinCanada,begancreatingthetoolafterbeingcuriouswhilehelpingavisuallyimpairedladycrossthestreetoneday.“Shetoldmethatallexistingdevicesonlyletusersseeinonedirectionsotheycan'tknowwhat'sgoingonaroundthem，”hetoldGOODmagazine,afterseeingsheonlyhadastickandguidedog—twothingsthatarehardtoeby.Thedevice,knownasiAid,usesGPS(GlobalPositioningSystem)andultrasonic(超声波的)technologytohelpvisuallyimpairedpeoplegetaroundsafely.Thebelt­liketooleswithacontrolhandleandworksbyusingsoundwavestodiscoverobjectsintheusers'pathandshowhowclosethingsaretothem.TheiAidworksmuchlikeabatusessonar(声呐)．Theteen'sinventionhasbeenattractingattentionanditwonthe2015WestonYouthInnovationAwardinMayforwhichAlexwasawarded$2,000ataceremonyattheOntarioScienceCentrelastmonth.“TheentiregroupofjudgeswasimpressedbyAlex'screativity,motivationanddedication(奉献)tobuildinghisdesignoverafour­yearperiod.Welookforwardtoseeingfutureinventionsfromthisoutstandingyounginventor，”saidHooleyMcLaughlin,chiefscienceofficerattheOntarioScienceCentre.Alexisnowworkingcloselywiththeteamatthesciencecentretoholdanexhibitionforhisinvention.HewasalsogiventheopportunitytogiveapresentationatWeDay—stadium­sizedeventswherespeakerslectureaboutglobalissuesacrosstheUS,Canada,andtheUK.AlexwillbestartingatMontreal'sMcGillUniversityintheautumn,buthopestheiAidwillbeapprovedforUSandCanadianrightssothat,oneday,thedevicewillbeavailableforthosewhoreallyneeditacrosstheworld.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。加拿大一名学生发明了一种能够帮助盲人自由行走的装置。1．HowdidAlexeupwithhisidea?A．Hegottheideafromamagazine.B．Hewasinspiredbyablindwoman.C．Hefoundithardtouseaguidedog.D．Henoticedexistingtools'weaknesses.解析：选B细节理解题。由第三、四段可知，亚历克斯受到一位盲人女士的启发，想出了这个创意。2．Thebatprobablyusessonarto________.A．keepitsbalanceinflightB．blockharmfulsoundwavesC．municatewithotherbatsD．findoutthepositionofobjects解析：选D推理判断题。由第六段中的“worksbyusingsoundwavestodiscoverobjectsintheusers'pathandshowhowclosethingsaretothem”可推断，蝙蝠用声呐系统对周围的物体进行定位。3．WhichofthefollowingisexpressedinMcLaughlin'swords?A．Doubt. B．Surprise.C．Praise. D．Puzzle.解析：选C推理判断题。由倒数第三段可知，McLaughlin的这番话饱含着对亚历克斯的赞扬。4．WhatisAlexpreparingforatpresent?A．AshowofhisiAid. B．Hiscollegestudies.C．Anawardsceremony. D．ThespeechatWeDay.解析：选A细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Alexisnowworkingcloselywiththeteamatthesciencecentretoholdanexhibitionforhisinvention.”可知，他正在筹备他这项发明的展览。BIplantorememberthisyear'svacationseasonwithjusttwowords:Neveragain.NeveragainwillItakeallmytechnologyalong.WhenIfirstvisitedmyin­laws'cabininOntario'snorthwoods35yearsago,therewasnosuchthingastheIntern