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TeachingplanModuleFourSandstormsinAsiaTeachingAims:1.KnowledgeandSkillGetthestudentstoreviewtheviolenceofnatureandknowmoreaboutsandstormsandhowtoprotecttheenvironment.ThroughdiscussionandthecomprehensionofReading,developthestudents’listening,speaking,readingandwriting,mainlyreading.EncouragethestudentstosearchtheinformationontheInternettogainmoreknowledgeofsandstormsandenvironmentalprotection.Improvethestudents’abilitytoreadforspecificfacts.Tograsptheusageofinfinitive,paymoreattentiontotheusageofbut+infinitive.2.EmotionandValuesEnablethestudentstotalkaboutthecauseandinfluenceofsandstorms,andthewaystosolvetheprobleminordertoincreasetheirsenseofprotectingtheenvironment.ToencouragetheSstotalkaboutthedamagecausedbysandstormandtheirownfeelingsaboutit.3.Cross-culturalawareness:Understandtheenvironmentalprotectionofthewholeworldandstrengthentheirawarenessofenvironmentprotection.4.Character-building:Tostrengthentheirconfidenceofprotectingtheenvironmentwearelivingin.Enablethestudentstotalkaboutthesandstorms,thereasonsforcausingsandstormsandtheimportanceofprotectingenvironmentDifficultiesandImportance:a.Concludeandcollectthewordsandphrasesrelatedtoenvironmentandenvironmentalprotection.b.Askstudentstothinkwaystoprotecttheenvironment.Improvethestudent’sabilityofgraspingthegeneralideaofthepassage.TeachingMethod:Task-basedmethodologyCommunicativeApproachTeachingTime:Fiveperiods:Period1vocabularyandWritingSpeaking1Period2ReadingandVocabularyPeriod3Grammar1InfinitiveListeningandVocabularyPeriod4Grammar2but+infinitiveEverydayEnglishPeriod5CulturalcornerSpeaking2WritingTeachingProcedures:Period1Step1.WarmingupLookatthepicture.CompletethesentencesusingthecorrectformofthesewordsThenanswerthefollowingquestions.blowburyfrighteninglastsandstormTherehasbeena______.It_____fortenhoursandwasvery_______.Thewind_______thesandhigharoundthehouses,andsomecarswerealmostcompletely______bythesand.Suggestedanswers:
1.sandstorm2.hasbeenblowing/haslasted3.frightening4.wasblowing5.buriedQ1.Whatisasandstorm?Q2.What’stheweatherlikewhenasandstormoccurs?Q3.What’sthebadinfluenceofasandstorm?Suggestedanswers:Q1.Sandstormisakindofbadweather,whichisbecomingincreasinglycommoninNorthwesternChina,anditusuallyhappensinspringandfall.Whenasandstormcomes,thewindblowsstronglywithdustandsand.Q2.Thereisstrong,drywindandtheskyisyellow.Q3.carsslowdownandhavetoturnonheadlight;thevisibilitydropsdifficultforustobreathedangeroustogooutordriveStep2FurtherunderstandingWorkinpairs.Discussthefollowingstatementsanddecidewhetheritistrueorfalse.Sandstormsbeginindesertareas.Desertsarecreatedbyclimatechanges.Desertsarealsocreatedbecausepeoplecutdowntreesanddigupgrass.SandstormsfromAsiahaveblownacrossthePacificOceantoAmerica.Sandstormscan’tbeprevented.Theinlandregionhasmoresandstormsthantheonenearthesea.Suggestedanswers:1,2,3,4,6T5,FStep3DiscussionsQ1.What’sthecauseofsandstorm?Q2.Whatshouldyoudoinasandstormtoprotectyourself?Suggestedanswers:Q1.climatechanges;treescutdown;desertification;seriousairandwaterpollution;thegrowingpopulationoftheworldandsoon.Q2:Thisisanopenquestion.Step4SpeakingWorkinpairs.Supposetherehasbeenabadsandstorminyourcity.A:Youareareporter.Youinterviewamanwhohascycledtoworkinthesandstorm.Beforeyoudotheinterview,writedownthequestionsyouwanttoask.B:Youfeltfrightenedbutyouputonamaskandcycledtoworkinthesandstorm.Tellthereporterhowyoufeelaboutthesandstorm.Describehowthingslookedinthesandstorm.Homework:Memorizethenewwordsrelatedtosandstorms.PreviewthepassageofSandstormsinAsia.Period2Step1Pre-readinga.Lookatthephotoandanswerthefollowingquestions.1.GetSstocomeupwithasmanywordsaspossiblewhilelookingatthepicture.2.Whatishappening?3.Whatisthecyclistwearingandwhy?4.Whatdoyouthinkhappenedtotrafficinthissituation?Why?5.Whatdoyouthinkexpertsadvisepeopletodointhissituation?Suggestedanswers:1.maskcyclecyclistdustcitizenfrighteningsandstorm2.Thereisasandstormblowing.3.Sheiswearinghoods,masksandglasses.4.Thetrafficmovesslowly.Becauseit’snotcleartoseeeverythingontheroadandpeoplemusttakegreatcare.5.Expertsadvisepeopletostayathomeinthissituation.b.PredicationIfyouaretowritethearticlenamed“SandstormsinAsia”,howmanypartswillyouincludeinit?Whatwillyouwriteineachpart?Step2While-readingSkimmingandscanningReadthepassagequicklyandfillinthediagramwithoneproperword.Part1(Para1)d__________Part2(Para2-5)c_______d_______S_______i________s________Part3(Para.6)m________Suggestedanswers:Part1disasterPart2SandstormcausedescriptioninfluencesuggestionsPart3measuresDetailedReading1)Readthepassagecarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestion.1Whataresandstorms?2Inwhatplacesdotheyoftenhappen?3WhatdoesRenJianbo’sexampletellus?4AretheresandstormsinChina?Where?5HavesandstormsinChinaincreasedordecreasedrecently?Why?6Whydoestrafficmoveslowlyduringthesandstorm?7WhatdoesthegovernmentdotoprotectBeijingfromsandstorms?Suggestedanswers:Sandstormsarestrong,drywindsthatcarrysand.CentralAsia,NorthAmerica,CentralAfricaandAustralia.Itisdangeroustogooutwhenasandstormoccurs.Yes.NorthwestChina.Increased.Asaresultofdesertification.Becausethethickdustmakesitdifficulttosee.Plantmoretrees.2)Readthepassagecarefullyandthenfillinthechartwithsuitablewords.PartsContentDetails1majordisaster2descriptionCauseinfluencesuggestion3measuresSuggestedanswersPartsContentDetails1majordisasterAmasscampaign,tohelpsolvesandstorm,triedmanywaystosolveit2descriptionStrongwind,dry,carrysand,Sothick,can’tseethesunCauseDesertification,Climatechanges,cutdowntrees,digupgrassinfluenceOrangesky,strongwindssuggestionStayathome,wearamask3measuresPlanttreesStep3Post-readinga.Decideifthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F).①Scientistshavetriedmanywaystodealwithsandstorms②Landbecomesdesertonlybecausepeoplecutdowntreesanddigupgrass.③TheChineseCentralWestStationcannotforecastsandstormbeforeitcomes.④Thedesertis25okilometersawaytothewestofBeijing.Sothereisnoneedtotakesomemeasures.⑤SouthwestChinaispartofthesandstormcenterinCentralAsia.Suggestedanswers:T2.F3.F4.F5.Fb.Readthetextagainandcompletethefollowingsentences1.Thewindsinasandstormcansometimes______________________________2.WhenRenjianbowaslivinginInnerMongolia______________________________3.SandstormsinChinaappeartohaveincreased______________________________4.Cuttingdowntreesanddiggingupgrasscan______________________________5.Trafficmovedslowlybecause______________________________6.ThegovernmentisplantingtreestothewestofBeijingto______________________________Suggestedanswers:
1.preventyoufromseeingthesunheexperiencedaterriblesandstormbecauseofdesertificationcausedesertsandsandstormstoincreasethedriverscan’tseepreventthedesertcomingnearerStep4languageexplanations1massadj.大规模的amasscampaign一场大规模的战役n.团,块,堆amassofclouds/hotairamassof=massesof许多,大量themasses群众2becaughtin被困于…,遇到…Hewaslateforworkyesterdayafternoonbecausehewascaughtinthetrafficjam.CharlesChaplinwasoncecaughtinasnowstormforseveraldays.3appearv.1)出现,出版,发行Hisbookwillappearinthebookshopnextweek.Asmileappearedonhisfacewhenheheardthegoodnews.2)看起来,似乎。系动词Sheappearedverytired.Sheappearstowanttoleave.4preventsomebodyfromdoing,stopsomebodyfromdoing,keepsomebodyfromdoing阻止某人做某事。Note:keepsb.fromdoing中from不可以省略,因为keepsb.doing意为:让某人一直做某事。其他两个词组中from省略后意思不变。I’msorrytokeepyouwaitingsolong.很抱歉让你等了这么久。Wemustkeephimfromcomplainingallday.我们不能让他整天抱怨了。Step5DiscussionQ1.Sandstormsbringusnotonly“sand”butalso?(traffic/health/travel/environment…)Q2.Asaseniorstudent,whatshouldwedotopreventsandstorms?Homework:Writeasummaryofthewholepassage.Finishtheexercises10,11onpage88.Period3Step1PresentationLookattheexamplesa-f.Theunderlinedphrasesareexamplesofdifferenttypesofinfinitive.Thewindisstrongenough.Itcanmovesanddunes.Thewindisstrongenoughtomovesanddunes.Wewereadvised,“Don’tgooutside.”Wewereadvisednottogooutside.I’mcyclingtoworkinasandstormandit’sfrightening.I’mfrighteningtobecyclingtoworkinasandstorm.Thereisnothinganyonecando.Thereisnothingtobedone.Iamtheonlypersoninmyfamilywhohasbeeninasandstorm.Iamtheonlypersoninmyfamilytohavebeeninasandstorm.I’vebeencaughtinasandstorm.Itwasaterribleexperience.Tohavebeencaughtinasandstormwasaterribleexperience.Step2ExplanationsI动词不定式的时态和语态形式时态主动被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone1.动词不定式的一般式:表示与主动词处于同一时间层面或动作发生于主动词之后。eg:HeseemstounderstandwhatIsaidIhopetovisitParisagain.2.动词不定式的进行式:表示与主动词同时发生且动作正在进行。eg:Thetwocheatspretentedtobeworkinghard.3.动词不定式的完成式:表示不定式动作发生于主动词之前。eg:Sheseemstohaveseenthisfilm.HehappenedtohavegoneoutwhenIwenttoseehim4.动词不定式的被动式:表示与逻辑主语之间的被动关系。eg:Themeetingtobeheldtomorrowisabouthowtostopthepollution.Iwanttohavebeentoldthenewsearlier.Ⅱ动词不定式的句法功能不定式的句法功能是做主语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,主语补足语,定语,目的状语和结果状语,分别给出一个例句:1)Tomasteraforeignlanguageisnecessaryforacollegestudent.(主语)2)Yourjobistowashdishes.(表语)3)Shepromisedtogivehimachance.(宾语)4)Theteachertoldhisstudentstopayattentiontotheirpronunciation.(宾语补足语)5)Iwasaskedtohelphimwithhislessons.(主语补足语)6)Haveyougotapenciltodrawpictureswith?(定语)7)SomescientistswenttoGermanytoattendamedicalconference.(状语)8)Hewastooexcitedtosayanything.(状语)Ⅲ不定式的复合结构1)“疑问词+不定式”可以做主语,宾语,表语,同位语。Theproblemishowtopersuadehimtochangehismind.2)带有逻辑主语的结构of/forsb.todosthThefirstthingtodoistocleantheroom.Itisfoolishofyoutosaysuchwords.辨析:⑴Itis+adj.+ofsb+todosth.;//⑵Itis+adj.+forsb+todosth.差别:以上(1)结构中的adj是用来说明主语的特征的,并作其表语;而结构(2)中的adj是用来说明句中动词的特征的。Eg:It’sfoolishofyoutodosuchthings可转化为:You”refoolishtodosuchthings.但:It’seasyforyoutolearnEnglishwell不可以象上边那样转化。Step3Practices.Ex1.Fillintheblankswiththeverbsintheirproperforms.It'sverykindofyou________itforme.(do)2.Myjobis________thestudentsEnglish.(teach)3.Ifyouwant________withus,youshouldbereadybyeighto'clock.(go)4.Idarenot________himaboutit.(tell)5.Hetoldme________atsixthirty.(leave)6.Thechildrenarewarned________inthatlake.(notswim)7.Beforeyouleavetheroom,pleaseremember________thelight.(turnoff)8.You'dbetter________(stay)athomeand________(do)yourhomework.9.It'stoohard________(do)itbymyself.10.Ittakesabouttwohours________(getto)thestation.11.It'stime________ourclass.(start)12.Ihavealotofthings________you.(tell)13.I'mveryglad________youagain.(hearfrom)14.Thearticleisnoteasy________.(understand)15.Wedidn'thavetime________arest.(tohave)16.I'lltry________thatagain.(notdo)17.John'swishis________awriterinthefuture.(become)18.I'dlike________(go)totheSummerPalace.19.Shedoesn'tknowwhetherandwhen________Shanghaiintwodays.(leave)20.Sheisnotsurehow________outthemathsproblem.(work)Suggestedanswers:todo2.toteach3.togo4.tell5.toleave6.nottoswim7.toturnoff8.staydo9.todo10.togetto11.tostart12.totell13.tohearfrom14.tounderstand15.tohave16.nottodo17.tobecome18.togo19.toleave20.toworkEx21.Don'tforget_________theletter.A.tosendB.sendC.sendingD.beingsent2.Thechairlooksveryold,butinfactitisverycomfortableto_________.A.sitB.sitonC.besatD.besaton3.Is______necessarytoreturnthebooktomorrow?A.thisB.thatC.itD.which4.I'mafraidtheywouldnotallowhim________here.A.tosmokeB.smokingC.smokesD.smoke5.Mothertoldme________thewaterbeforeIdrankit.A.boilingB.boiledC.boilD.toboil6.Onmywayhome,Istopped_______somefood.A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.bought7.Johnwasmade_______thecarforaweekasapunishment.A.towashB.washingC.washD.tobewashing8.Thesitting-roomneeds_______,butit'llhavetowaituntilSaturday.A.becleaningB.tobecleanedC.cleanD.beingcleaned9.ThefirstthingIwanttodois__________.A.visittohimB.tovisithimC.visitinghimD.visitedhim10.LiYangadvisedme_________toomuch,otherwiseIwouldhavebeendrunk.A.nottodrinkB.todrinkC.notdrinkingD.drinkingSuggestedanswers:A2.B3.C4.A5.D6.B7.A8.B9.B10.AStep4.Listeninga.Pre-listeningDiscussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner.Q1.What’sthemainproblemwiththeenvironmentintheworld?1,3,5Q2.Canyouexplainwhytheclimate’sgettingwarmer?1,3,5Q3.Whydidpeoplecutdownalotoftreeseveryyear?b.While-listeningListencarefully.Andanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatisthemosturgentproblemofall?WhatexamplesofcoastalcitiesdoesDavidgive?Whyistheclimategettingwarmer?Whatisdescribedasamajorproblem?Whathappenswhenwecutdownalotoftrees?Howdoestheinterviewerfeelaboutthesituation?Suggestedanswers:
1.Theclimate.NewYorkandShanghai.Becausepollutionisstoppingthesun’sheatleavingtheatmosphere.Carbondioxidefromcars.Thereislessoxygenandmorecarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Optimistic.c.Post-listening:Listenagain.Andfillintheblankswithproperwordsaccordingtowhatyouhear.Int:David,whatdoyouseeasthemainproblemswiththe_______?D.U:Well,inanutshell,themost______problemofallistheclimate.Theworld’sclimateseemstobegetting_______Int:We’veseenalotofevidenceofthat,haven’twe?D.U:Yes,wehave.Also,scientistshavefoundthatthe_______atthePolesisbeginningtomelt.Int:We’veheardthattoo.Isthatreallyhappening?D.U:Yes.I’mafraiditis.Andatsometimeinthefuture,theicemaymelt_______.Thenit’spossiblethattheseacouldriseandcoastalcitieslikeNewYorkandShanghaicould_____underwater.John:Itsoundsveryfrightening.D.U:Icouldn’tagreewithyoumore.It’s______.Int:Canyouexplainwhytheclimate’sgettingwarmer?D.U:Well,I’lldomybest!It’s______that’stheproblem.Gasesfromcarsentertheatmosphereandstopthesun’sheatfromleavingtheatmosphere.Andfactoriesgiveout______thatdothesamething.Soasaresult,theclimateisgettingwarmer.Int:FromwhatIunderstand,carbondioxidefromcarsisa_____problem.D.U:You’reabsolutelyright.Carbondioxideisthegasthatdoesmost_____totheatmosphere.Butwehaveaproblemwithtreestoo.Yousee,treesgiveoutoxygenandtakeincarbondioxide.Sothey’reveryusefulbecausethey_______thecarbondioxide.Int:Iknowwhatyou’regoingtosay.We’recuttingdownallthetrees.D.U:yes,wecutthemdownbecauseweneedthelandandbecauseweusethe_____forpaperandfurniture.Thatleavesmorecarbondioxideintheatmosphere.Int:It’saterrible______.D.U:Yes,andanotherproblemisallthegarbagethatweproduce.Weburnalotofgarbage,andonceagain,thegasespollutetheatmosphere.Thesituationcouldn’tbeworse,really.Int:Weshould______garbage,notburnit.D.U:ofcourseweshould.Int:It’sstrange.Weknowallthis,andyetwedo_____buttalkaboutit.Ican’thelpbutfeelvery______.D.U:Yes,well,itisworrying.But_______arebeginningtodosomethingaboutit.Idon’tthinkit’stoolate.Suggestedanswer:environment2.urgent3.warmer.4.ice5.completely6.disappear7.crazypollution9.chemicals10.major11.damage12.useup13.wood14.situation15.recycle16.nothing17.concerned18.governmentsHomework:Reviewthegrammarpointswehavelearned.Finishtheexercises1,2,3onpage85.Finishtheexercises12,13,14onpage89.Period4Step1RevisionCompletethesentencesusinginfinitivestructures.1)It’sgoodmanners_____peopleintrouble.(help)2)AllIdidwas_____himsomeadvice.(give)3)Hedoesnothingbut____allday.(play)4)Ithasnochoicebut_____downandsleep.(lie)5)Isthereanyone____careofthesechildren?(take)6)______afriend,hegotoffthetraininBeijing.(see)7)Hehurriedtothestation,_____thatthetrainhadgone.8)Hehappened______outwhenIwenttoseehim.(go)9)I’dlike_____thenewsearlier.(tell)10)It’sfoolishofyou____suchwords.(say)Answers:1tohelp2give3play4tolie5totake6Tosee/Inordertosee7onlytosee8tohavegoneout9tohavebeentold10tosayStep2PresentationLookatthewordsandphrasesinboldinthesesentences.Andanswerthefollowingquestions.Andyetwedonothingbuttalkaboutit.Ican’thelpbutfeelveryconcerned.Ican’tbutwonderwhatwillhappen.Q1.Whichwordorphrasemeansexcept?Q2.WhichwordorphrasemeansIhaveto?Q3.Whatpartoftheverbfollowsthewordsinbold?Suggestedanswers:a2.bandc3.theinfinitivewithouttoNote:Insentencea,“but”means“except”.Insentencebandc,“can’thelpbutdo”and“can’tbutdo”means“havetodo”.区别:can’thelpdoing…禁不住…Hearingthatshewasadmittedtoafamouscollege,shecan’thelpjumping.Step3Explanation:1、不定式动词在介词but,except,besides等表示“除了……”之意的后面时,如果这些介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,否则带to。Shecoulddonothingbutcry.她只有哭泣。Tomdidnothingexceptwaitbeforehisparentscamehome.父母回家之前,汤姆只有等待。Capitalistswoulddonothingbesidesmakeprofitfromtheworkers.资本家除了从工人身上榨取利益之外,什么也不顾及。Whatdoyouliketodobesidesswim?除了游泳你喜欢做什么?Hedidnothingelsethanlaugh.他只笑笑而已。Ihavenochoicebuttoacceptthefact.除了接受这一事实,我别无选择。Ihavenochoicebuttogo.我别无选择,只有走。2.在can’tbut,can’thelpbut,can’tchoosebut(不得不,只能)结构后,不定式不带to。Ican’thelpbutbesorry.我只能说抱歉。Therebeingnobuses,hecan’tbutwalkhome.由于没有公共汽车,他只能步行回家。Hecan’tchoosebutaccepttheoffer.他只能接受提议。Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.我只能钦佩他的勇气。Wecouldnotbutweepatourbadluck.对于我们的厄运我们只能哭泣。It’sraininghard.Icannothelpbutstayathome.天在下大雨,我只好停在家里。Theycouldn’tchoosebutstaythere.他们不得不呆在那儿。Step4Practices.Underlinethecorrectanswer.Ican’thelp/buthopethattheywillsucceed.Ican’thelpbutthink/tothinkthatitwasamistake.Ican’tchose/choosebutdoit.Hedoesnothingbutcomplaining/complain.Ican’thelpbuttolove/loveher.Theworkersdonothing/notbutdrinkteaandtalktoeachother.Suggestedanswers:
1.but2.think3.choose4.complain5.love6.nothingStep5EverydayEnglishinanutshellmeans_______.a.inmyopinionb.toexplainsomethingverysimplyIt’sscarymeans_______.a.It’sfrighteningb.It’sinteresting.I’lldomybestmeans______.a.Thisisthebestexplanation.b.I’lltryashardasIcanfromwhatIunderstandmeans_______.a.thisiswhatIunderstand.b.IthinkIunderstand.You’reabsolutelyrightmeans________.a.You’recompletelyright.b.You’realmostrightSuggestedanswers:b2.a3.b4a5.aHomework:PreviewthecontentofCulturalCornerFinishtheexercise5onpage86.Period5Step1Pre-readinga.Dis
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