学堂在线有限元分析及应用期末考试答案

1、单选题等参变换是指单元坐标变换和函数插值采用______的节点和______的插值函数。Anisoparametrictransformationmeansthattheelementcoordinatetransformationandthefunctioninterpolationusesthe____nodesand____interpolationfunction.A不相同，不相同notthesame,notthesameB相同，相同thesame,thesameC相同，不相同thesame,notthesameD不相同，相同notthesame,thesame正确答案：B2、单选题对于一个平面3节点三角形单元，它的所有待定系数的个数应与________相等。Foraplane3-nodaltriangularelement,thenumberofunknowncoefficientsandthenumberof_____isthesame.A单元节点自由度数theelement’snodaldegreesoffreedom

B单元节点个数elementnodesC场变量个数fieldvariables正确答案：A3、单选题采用有限元计算得到位移近似解与精确解相比较，其绝对值而言，一般______。Ifwejustcomparetheabsolutevalue,whatistherelationshipbetweenthesolutionforthedisplacementobtainedfromthefiniteelementmethodandtheexactone?A近似解总小于精确解theapproximatesolutionissmallerthantheexactone

B近似解总大于精确解theapproximatesolutionisgreaterthantheexactoneC近似解在精确解上下震荡theapproximatesolutionfluctuatesaroundtheexactone正确答案：A4、单选题如果出现在泛函中场函数的最高阶导数是m阶，单元的完备性是指试函数必须至少是____完全多项式。Ifthehighestderivativeorderofafieldfunctionforafunctionalismandwewanttoensuretheelement’scompleteness,thetrialfunctionhastobeatleasta____completepolynomial.Am-1次m-1orderBm次morderC2m-1次2m-1order

正确答案：B5、单选题就Serendipity单元的位移模式，原则是TheprincipleforthedisplacementmodelofaSerendipityelementisA尽量选取高阶多项式thatwetrytoselectahigh-orderpolynomialB尽量选取完整多项式thatwetrytoselectacompletepolynomialC视情况而定aselectionaccordingtothesituation

正确答案：B6、单选题就一个对称问题进行有限元分析，若采用对称面切分后的一半模型进行建模分析，则在对称面上需要对________施加零值。Asforasymmetricproblem,ifasegmentationoftheplaneofsymmetryiscarriedoutandthenwedoahalfmodelmodelinganalysis,onthesymmetricplaneweshouldaddazerovaluetermforthe______.A反对称位移anti-symmetricdisplacementB对称位移symmetricdisplacementC对称应力symmetricstress正确答案：A7、单选题对变形体划分好单元后，______会对整体刚度矩阵的半带宽产生影响。Afterthemeshingofadeformablebody,____doesinfluencethehalfbandwidthoftheglobalstiffnessmatrix.A单元编号elementnumbering

B单元组集次序thesequenceoftheelementgroups

C节点编号nodalnumbering正确答案：C8、单选题对于一维问题的数值积分，n个积分点的高斯积分的精度可达到_____阶。Forthenumericalintegrationofa1Dproblem,ifweusenintegrationpoints,wecanachievea___orderofaccuracy.An-1BnC2n-1D2n正确答案：C9、单选题引入位移边界条件是为了消除有限元整体刚度矩阵的______。Thedisplacementboundaryconditionsareincludedtoeliminatethe___inthefiniteelementglobalstiffnessmatrix.A对称性symmetryB奇异性singularityC稀疏性sparseness正确答案：B10、单选题在有限元分析的边界条件的处理中，“置1”法、“乘大数”法、“罚函数”法的最大好处是TheFEMusestheeliminationmethod,thebig-multipiliermethodandthepenaltyapproachtohandleboundaryconditions,whatistheirbiggestadvantage?A减少原刚度矩阵的规模Thesizeoftheoriginalstiffnessmatrixisreduced.B保持原刚度矩阵的规模Thesizeoftheoriginalstiffnessmatrixiskept.C提高计算精度Theaccuracyisimproved

正确答案：B11、单选题对于一个弹性问题，它的外力功W等于TheworkofexternalforcesWforanelasticproblemisequivalenttoA1/2应变能U1/2ofthestrainenergyUB1倍应变能UthestrainenergyUC2倍应变能UtwotimesofthestrainenergyU正确答案：C12、K1》K213、单选题弹性问题求解的最小势能原理等价于处理或近似求解Theprincipleofminimumpotentialenergyforsolvingelasticproblemsuseswhatapproximationmethodand/orwhatotherconditionA平衡方程theequilibriumequationB力边界条件theforceboundaryconditionsC平衡方程及力边界条件theequilibriumequationandtheforceboundaryconditions正确答案：C14、单选题针对复杂的几何域，经典能量原理与有限元方法的最本质差别是Forcomplexgeometricremains,themostessentialdifferencebetweentheclassicenergyprincipleandthefiniteelementmethodisA许可位移场（试函数）的表达方式不同thewayofexpressingtheadmissibledisplacementfieldisnotthesameB能量的表达方式不同thewayofexpressingtheenergyisnotthesame

C边界条件的表达方式不同thewayofexpressingtheboundaryconditionsisnotthesame正确答案：A15、单选题在加权残值法中，若简单地利用近似解的试函数序列作为权函数，这类方法称为Fortheweightedresidualmethods,i