2020-2021学年山东省济南市高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

PAGE2PAGE3试卷第=!异常的公式结尾页，总=sectionpages2323页山东省济南市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读选择Cheltonham,afamousspatowninEngland,hasmanyterrificplacesforvisitorshomeandabroadtovisit.Hereareseveralofthemyoucan’taffordtomiss.■PitvilleParkBeingthelargestparkinthetown,PitvilleParkwasopenedin1825.ItwasdesignedbyRichardWareforthewealthylawyerandbankerJosephPitt.PeoplecantastethehistoricallymedicinalwatersofthePumpRoomfountainandfishatalakeduringfishingseason.■SudelleyCastleThisfamily-ownedcastleenjoysthefameofbeingtheonlycastleinEnglandtohaveaqueen,KatherineParr,thelastwifeofHenryVII,buriedinthegrounds.You’llbeabletoviewexhibitions,tellingofsomeoftheincredibleeventsthatoccurredhereinthepast,andseesomerareitems.■CheltonhamFestivalTheCheltonhamFestivalholdsimportanteventslastingfourdaysinthehorseracingcalendarwhichisanannualfeastofracing.Onthelastday,itfeaturestheCheltonhamGoldCupSteeplechase.In2020,thislastdayattracted68,859audience.Theyearof2021willseeatelevisedfestivalduetothepandemic.■HolstBirthplaceMuseumCheltonhamfeaturesthebirthplaceofcomposerGustavHolst.VisitorscanhaveatasteoftheVictorianlife,likeaVictoriankitchenandnursery.Themuseumalsoallowsyouintohismusicroom,wherehecomposedThePlanets.Youcanevenseethepianoonwhichhecomposedhisfamouswork.1．WhatdoweknowaboutPitvillePark?A．ItwasdesignedbyJosephPitt. B．ItisthelargestparkinEngland.C．Ithasaqueenburiedinthegrounds. D．Itprovidesmedicinalwatersforvisitors.2．Whichattractionissuitableforahorseracelover?A．PitvillePark. B．SudelleyCastle.C．CheltonhamFestival. D．HolstBirthplaceMuseum.3．WhatcanvisitorsdoinHolstBirthplaceMuseum?A．AppreciateThePlanets. B．Visitthemusicroom.C．Tastefoodinthekitchen. D．Playthecomposer’spiano.【答案】1．D2．C3．B【分析】这是一篇应用文。Cheltonham是英国著名的温泉疗养地，有许多极好的地方供国内外游客参观。文章主要介绍了几个Cheltonham的景点。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“PeoplecantastethehistoricallymedicinalwatersofthePumpRoomfountainandfishatalakeduringfishingseason.(在捕鱼季节，人们可以品尝泵房喷泉中具有历史意义的治疗水，并在湖中钓鱼)”可知，PitvillePark为游客提供治疗水。故选D。2．细节理解题。根据■CheltonhamFestival部分中“TheCheltonhamFestivalholdsimportanteventslastingfourdaysinthehorseracingcalendarwhichisanannualfeastofracing.(Cheltonham节举行的重要活动在赛马日历上持续四天，这是一个年度的赛马盛宴)”可知，Cheltonham节日适合赛马爱好者。故选C。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Themuseumalsoallowsyouintohismusicroom,wherehecomposedThePlanets.(博物馆还允许你进入他的音乐室，在那里他创作了《行星》)”可知，游客在霍尔斯特出生地博物馆可以参观音乐室。故选B。Lookingatherfatherleadingtheopposingteam,MorganHalefeltthatmomentmightbethebiggestaccomplishmentofhercareerasheadcoachofMiller’sgirlsbasketballteam.Morgan’sliferevolvedaroundbasketballasdaughtertotheheadcoach,StephenHale.Afterplayinginhighschool,MorganwentontoplayforArlingtonBaptistUniversity,whereshepursuednursingbuteventuallyreturnedtofollowherfather’sfootstepsintoacareerineducation.“OriginallyIsawhowmanyhourshehadtoputinandIthoughtIwouldn’tgointoteachingandcoaching,soIstartedschooltobeanurse.Finallymydad’spassioninspiredme.Heemphasizedthecareerineducationisn’trightforeveryone,butthebenefitsareimmeasurable.”Morgansaid.“Ifyougointothis,thepayisnotalwaysgreatbutthebenefitsofseeingkidssucceedandthingsofthatnatureareveryrewarding,”Stephensaid.“Youcan’tputapricetagonthat.”Thoughfatheranddaughtersharetheircoachingsecretsthroughouttheday,backhometheconversationcontinues.Morgansaid.“DefinitelyhowIrunmybasketballprogramcomesfrommydad.Everythingfromtechniques,philosophy,tosportsspiritandthecultureofhowheranhisteam.”Afterapracticegameearlyintheseason,thefatheranddaughterwon’tbeplayingagainsteachotheragain,buttheirteamslookforwardtothenextmatch.“Wedidn’tkeepscoresowedon’tknowwhowouldhavewon,”Morgansaid.“ButIdefinitelytoldmyteamdon’tgoeasyonthemjustbecauseit’smydad.ThecoolestthingI’veeverdoneinbasketballistoplayagainsthim.”4．HowdidMorganfeelaboutplayingagainstherfather’steam?A．Worried. B．Guilty. C．Annoyed. D．Proud.5．WhydidMorganHalechooseacareerineducation?A．TocoachbasketballatMiller.B．Toplayagainstherdad’steam.C．Tofollowwhatherdaddid.D．Towatchherdadplaybasketball.6．Whatisthefather’sopinionofthecareerineducation?A．Itcanbemeasured. B．It’swellrewarded.C．Itisatiringjob. D．Itisabadchoice.7．WhichcanbestdescribeMorgan’sfather?A．Honestanddiligent. B．Caringandambitious.C．Devotedandprofessional. D．Demandingandhumorous.【答案】4．D5．C6．B7．C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了摩根受父亲影响从事篮球教练事业，并致力于从事篮球教练事业的故事。4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Lookingatherfatherleadingtheopposingteam,MorganHalefeltthatmomentmightbethebiggestaccomplishmentofhercareerasheadcoachofMiller’sgirlsbasketballteam.(看着父亲带领对方球队，摩根·黑尔觉得这一刻可能是她作为米勒女子篮球队主教练职业生涯中最大的成就)”可知，此处表示摩根很骄傲能与她父亲的球队比赛。故选D项。5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“buteventuallyreturnedtofollowherfather’sfootstepsintoacareerineducation.(但最终还是回到了父亲的足迹，从事教育事业)”可知，摩根·黑尔选择教育事业是跟随父亲的足迹。故选C项。6．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Heemphasizedthecareerineducationisn’trightforeveryone,butthebenefitsareimmeasurable.(他强调教育事业并不适合每个人，但其好处是不可估量的)”以及“Ifyougointothis,thepayisnotalwaysgreatbutthebenefitsofseeingkidssucceedandthingsofthatnatureareveryrewarding(如果你这样做，报酬并不总是很高，但看到孩子们成功的好处和他们的天性是非常值得的)”可知，父亲认为教育事业是值得的。故选B项。7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Thoughfatheranddaughtersharetheircoachingsecretsthroughouttheday,backhometheconversationcontinues.(尽管父亲和女儿整天都在分享他们的教练秘诀，但回到家里，谈话仍在继续)”说明父亲很敬业。根据“DefinitelyhowIrunmybasketballprogramcomesfrommydad.Everythingfromtechniques,philosophy,tosportsspiritandthecultureofhowheranhisteam(我的篮球计划是由我爸爸决定的。从技术、哲学到体育精神，再到他管理团队的文化)”可知，摩根的父亲是专业的教练。故选C项。Acoupleofyearsago,AshokGoelwasoverwhelmedbythenumberofquestionshisstudentswereaskinginhiscourseonartificialintelligence.GoelteachescomputerscienceatGeorgiaTech,sometimestolargeclasses,wherestudentscanaskthousandsofquestionsonlineinadiscussionforum.ProfessorGoelalreadyhadeightteachingassistants,butthatwasn’tenoughtodealwiththeincreasingnumberofdailyquestionsfromstudents.Whenstudentsfeelconfusedandreachoutwithquestionsthatgounanswered,theirmotivationtocontinuebeginstofade.ProfessorGoeldecidedtodosomethingtoimprovethissituationandhissolutionwastocreateavirtualassistantnamedJillWatson,whichisbasedontheIBMWatsonplatform.GoelandhisteamdevelopedseveralversionsofJillWatsonbeforereleasinghertotheonlineforums.Atfirst,thevirtualassistantwasn’ttoogreat.ButGoelandhisteamsourcedtheonlinediscussionforumtofindallthe40,000questionsthathadeverbeenaskedsincetheclasswaslaunched.ThentheybegantofeedJillwiththequestionsandanswers.Aftersomeadjustmentsandenoughtime,Jillwasabletoanswerthestudents’questionscorrectly97%ofthetime.Thevirtualassistantbecamesoadvancedandrealisticthatthestudentsdidn’tknowshewasacomputer.Thestudents,whowerestudyingartificialintelligence,wereinteractingwiththevirtualassistantandcouldn’ttellitapartfromarealhumanbeing.Goeldidn’tinformthemaboutJill’strueidentityuntilApril26.Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience.ThegoalofProfessorGoel’svirtualassistantnextyearistotakeoveranswering40%ofallthequestionspresentedbystudentsontheonlineforum.ThenameJillWatsonwill,ofcourse,changetosomethingelsenextsemester.ProfessorGoelhasarosyoutlookonthefutureofartificialintelligence,believingitwillbewidelyapplied.8．WhatdidProfessorGoelfindintheonlinecourse?A．Thecoursewastoodifficultforstudents. B．Moststudentsdroppedoutofhiscourse.C．Students’questionsweretoomanytohandle. D．Assistants’capacitymadestudentsunsatisfied.9．WhatcanbeinferredaboutJillWatson?A．ShewaseasilyidentifiedasanAI. B．Sheturnedouttobeagreatsuccess.C．Shewasreleasedonlineasthefirstversion. D．Shecouldanswerallthequestionscorrectly.10．Whichistheclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“rosy”inParagraph4?A．Hopeful. B．Sensitive. C．Adventurous. D．Cautious.11．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Anonlinecomputercoursebenefitsstudents. B．AnAlteamdevelopsonlinediscussionforums.C．AknowledgeableAIassistsinonlineeducation. D．AnewoutlookpromisesonlineAIdevelopment.【答案】8．C9．B10．A11．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了应对学生们日益增多的日常问题，AshokGoel教授创建了一个名为JillWatson的虚拟助理，并且取得了成功，学生们对这次经历非常积极。Goel教授对人工智能的未来持乐观态度，认为它将被广泛应用。8．细节理解题。根据第一段中“GoelteachescomputerscienceatGeorgiaTech,sometimestolargeclasses,wherestudentscanaskthousandsofquestionsonlineinadiscussionforum.ProfessorGoelalreadyhadeightteachingassistants,butthatwasn’tenoughtodealwiththeincreasingnumberofdailyquestionsfromstudents.(Goel在佐治亚理工学院教授计算机科学，有时在大班授课，学生可以在论坛上在线提问数千个问题。Goel教授已经有了8名助教，但这还不足以应付学生们日益增多的日常问题)”可知，Goel教授在网络课程中发现学生的问题太多了。故选C。9．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Aftersomeadjustmentsandenoughtime,Jillwasabletoanswerthestudents’questionscorrectly97%ofthetime.Thevirtualassistantbecamesoadvancedandrealisticthatthestudentsdidn’tknowshewasacomputer.Thestudents,whowerestudyingartificialintelligence,wereinteractingwiththevirtualassistantandcouldn’ttellitapartfromarealhumanbeing.Goeldidn’tinformthemaboutJill’strueidentityuntilApril26.Thestudentswereactuallyverypositiveabouttheexperience.(经过一些调整和足够的时间，Jill能够回答学生的问题的正确率为97%。虚拟助理变得如此先进和现实，以至于学生们都不知道她是一台电脑。学生们正在学习人工智能，他们与虚拟助手互动，无法区分它和真实的人。戈埃尔直到4月26日才告诉他们Jill的真实身份。学生们对这次经历非常积极)”可知，JillWatson被证明很成功。故选B。10．词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“outlookonthefutureofartificialintelligence,believingitwillbewidelyapplied”可知，Goel教授认为人工智能将被广泛应用，可见他认为人工智能的未来是有希望的。故画线词意思是“有希望的”。A.Hopeful.有希望的；B.Sensitive.敏感的；C.Adventurous.冒险的；D.Cautious.谨慎的。故选A。11．主旨大意题。根据第二段“ProfessorGoeldecidedtodosomethingtoimprovethissituationandhissolutionwastocreateavirtualassistantnamedJillWatson,whichisbasedontheIBMWatsonplatform.(Goel教授决定做些事情来改善这种情况，他的解决方案是创建一个名为JillWatson的虚拟助理，该虚拟助理基于IBMWatson平台)”结合文章主要说明了为了应对学生们日益增多的日常问题，AshokGoel教授创建了一个名为JillWatson的虚拟助理，并且取得了成功，学生们对这次经历非常积极。Goel教授对人工智能的未来持乐观态度，认为它将被广泛应用。可知，这篇文章的主旨是知识渊博的人工智能帮助在线教育。故选C。CherryblossomsinKyoto,Japan,reachedpeakbloomonMarch26thisyear—theearliesttheeventhasoccurredin1,200yearsofrecords.Whysosoon?AccordingtorecordspreviouslycollectedbyProfessorYasuyukiAono,Kyoto’scherryblossomshadconsistentlyfloweredaroundApril10to17foroverathousandyears.TheWashingtonPostreportsthatJapan’smostfamousflowershavebeentrendingtowardbloomingearliereachspring,withscientistsblamingthephenomenononincreasingglobaltemperatures.Andthisyear,thepeakhasshiftedallthewayintothepreviousmonth.“TheKyotoCherryBlossomrecordisincrediblyvaluableforclimatechangeresearch.Evenaslightdroporriseofspringtimetemperaturescanberecordedbyit,”researchscientistBenjaminCooksaid,notingthatwarmertemperaturestypicallymeancherryblossomsbloomearlier.CherryblossomsareinfluencedsoeasilybytemperaturethattreesinTokyoevenbloomedinautumnaftertyphoonscausedwarmerweatherin2018.Meanwhile,AonoestimatedthatKyotohaswarmedby3.4degreesCelsiussince1820.Whilethisyear’scherryblossompeakwasKyoto’searliestin1,200years,thisisn’tthecaseinotherpartsofJapanTokyoreachedpeakbloomonMarch22,whichisthreedaysearlierthanaverageandtheearliestdatesince1953.However,theglobaltrendseemstobeslowlypushingcherryblossomsintofullbloomtoearlierintheyearregardlessofwherethey’replanted.In2019,scientistPatrickGonzaleznotedthatthetrendofearlierbloomingseenamongcherryblossomsinWashingtonwas“consistentwithhuman-causedclimatechange.”Cherryblossomsareconsideredinfullorpeakbloomwhen80percentoftheflowershavebloomed,whichusuallyoccurswithinaweekofthefirstflowersopening.Elementsotherthanclimatechangemayalsobeinvolvedintheearlyblooming.Gonzalezofferedthewarningthat“noresearchhasexaminedallofthefactors,anditisalongwaytogo.”12．Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A．Bystatingafact. B．Bygivinganexample.C．Bydescribingacustom. D．Bysharinganexperience.13．WhatdoBenjaminCook’swordssuggest?A．Cherrytreeswilldieincoldweather. B．Springtimetemperaturesarefalling.C．Cherryissensitivetotemperaturechange. D．Earlybloomingalsoappearedelsewhere.14．Whatcanwelearnaboutcherryblossomsfromthelastparagraph?A．Thestudieshavecoveredallfactors. B．Furtherscientificstudyisstillneeded.C．Climatechangeistheonlyinfluentialfactor. D．Causesofearlybloominghavebeenidentified.15．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ClimatechangesinKyotoofJapan B．CherryblossomsandclimatechangesC．Traditionsofadmiringcherryblossoms D．ThefascinatingcherryblossomsinKyoto【答案】12．A13．C14．B15．B【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本京都的樱花于今年3月26日就达到了盛开的高峰，这是1200年来首次出现这种情况。而科学家将这一现象归咎于全球气温上升，不同的学科家对此发表了自己的看法。12．推理判断题。根据第一段“CherryblossomsinKyoto,Japan,reachedpeakbloomonMarch26thisyear—theearliesttheeventhasoccurredin1,200yearsofrecords.Whysosoon?(日本京都的樱花于今年3月26日就达到了盛开的高峰，这是1200年来首次出现这种情况。为什么这么快？)”以及第二段“AccordingtorecordspreviouslycollectedbyProfessorYasuyukiAono,Kyoto’scherryblossomshadconsistentlyfloweredaroundApril10to17foroverathousandyears.TheWashingtonPostreportsthatJapan’smostfamousflowershavebeentrendingtowardbloomingearliereachspring,withscientistsblamingthephenomenononincreasingglobaltemperatures.Andthisyear,thepeakhasshiftedallthewayintothepreviousmonth.“TheKyotoCherryBlossomrecordisincrediblyvaluableforclimatechangeresearch.Evenaslightdroporriseofspringtimetemperaturescanberecordedbyit,”researchscientistBenjaminCooksaid,notingthatwarmertemperaturestypicallymeancherryblossomsbloomearlier.(根据青野康之教授之前收集的记录，一千多年来，京都的樱花一直在4月10日至17日左右开放。据《华盛顿邮报》报道，每年春天，日本最著名的花都有提早开花的趋势，科学家将这一现象归咎于全球气温上升。而今年，峰值一直转移到前一个月。“京都樱花记录对气候变化研究具有不可思议的价值。即使是春季温度的轻微下降或上升，也能被它记录下来，”研究人员本杰明·库克指出，气温升高通常意味着樱花盛开得更早)”可推知，作者通过陈述事实引入文章话题。故选A。13．推理判断题。根据第二段中““TheKyotoCherryBlossomrecordisincrediblyvaluableforclimatechangeresearch.Evenaslightdroporriseofspringtimetemperaturescanberecordedbyit,”researchscientistBenjaminCooksaid,notingthatwarmertemperaturestypicallymeancherryblossomsbloomearlier.(“京都樱花记录对气候变化研究具有不可思议的价值。即使是春季温度的轻微下降或上升，也能被它记录下来，”研究人员本杰明·库克指出，气温升高通常意味着樱花盛开得更早)”可推知，本杰明·库克的话暗示了樱花对温度变化很敏感。故选C。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Elementsotherthanclimatechangemayalsobeinvolvedintheearlyblooming.Gonzalezofferedthewarningthat“noresearchhasexaminedallofthefactors,anditisalongwaytogo.”(除气候变化外，其他因素也可能与花期提前有关。冈萨雷斯警告说，“没有研究检验过所有的因素，这是一段很长的路要走。”)”可知，樱花还要进一步的科学研究。故选B。15．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“TheWashingtonPostreportsthatJapan’smostfamousflowershavebeentrendingtowardbloomingearliereachspring,withscientistsblamingthephenomenononincreasingglobaltemperatures.Andthisyear,thepeakhasshiftedallthewayintothepreviousmonth.(据《华盛顿邮报》报道，每年春天，日本最著名的花都有提早开花的趋势，科学家将这一现象归咎于全球气温上升。而今年，峰值一直转移到前一个月)”结合文章主要说明了日本京都的樱花于今年3月26日就达到了盛开的高峰，这是1200年来首次出现这种情况。而科学家将这一现象归咎于全球气温上升，不同的学科家对此发表了自己的看法。可知，B选项“樱花盛开与气候变化”最符合文章标题。故选B。二、七选五Leadingagroupofpeoplecanseemchallenging,butitdoesn’thavetobeasdifficultasyoumaythink.16．Hereareacoupleofstrategiesyoucanusetobeareliableteamleader.Askquestionstogettoknowyourteam.Youcan’ttrulybeasuccessfulleaderifyoudon’tknowyourteam.17．Forinstance,youcanaskyourgroupmemberssomepersonalquestionslike,“Doyouenjoydoingtheseprojects?”and“Haveyounamedyournewly-born?”Ifyourteamfeelslikeyougenuinelycareaboutthem,they’llbemorelikelytolikeandrespectyouasaleader.18．Beashonestandopenasyoucanwiththem.Gonearethedaysofmanagersandbosseskeepingawallofprivacy.Tellthemwhatyou’rethinkingandwhatchangesornewprojectsyou’reconsidering.Themorehonestyoucanbe,themoreyourteamwillfeelcomfortablegivingyoutheirinputandfeedback.Listentothepeopleonyourteamandavoidinterruptingthem.Allowthefolksonyourteamtofeelcomfortabletalkingtoyou.Wheneversomeoneonyourteamcomestoyouwithaproblemorevenjusttochat,maintaineyecontactandlistentowhattheyhavetosay.19．Staypositivewheneverthere’saproblem.It’seasytoimmediatelystartthinkingaboutthenegativeconsequenceswhensomethinggoeswrong.However,thathelpsnothing.20．Then,identifysomeofthenegativeaspects.Youmayfindthatthemoreyoulookatthepositives,themoreyourteamwillpositivelyreact.Withthesetipsinmind,youcanstarttheexcitingjourneyofeffectiveleadership!A．Doingsocanmakeproblemsquicklysolved.B．Communicateyourthoughtsopenlytoyourteam.C．Learnabouttheirindividualrolesandpersonalities.D．Takeamomenttoconsiderpotentialgoodthingsfirst.E.Findoutthepersonwhoisresponsiblefortheproblem.F.Gettingtooclosetoyourteamwillinfluenceyourauthority.G.Peoplewantleaderstheycantrulytrustandhappilyworkwith.【答案】16．G17．C18．B19．A20．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何成为一个好的团队领导者。16．根据上文“Leadingagroupofpeoplecanseemchallenging,butitdoesn’thavetobeasdifficultasyoumaythink.(领导一群人看起来很有挑战性，但其实并不像你想象的那么难)”以及后文“Hereareacoupleofstrategiesyoucanusetobeareliableteamleader.(这里有一些策略，你可以用来成为一个可靠的团队领导者)”可知，后文提到了成为可靠团队领导者的策略，可见人们想要能够真正信任并愉快共事的领导者。故G选项“人们想要能够真正信任并愉快共事的领导者”符合语境，故选G。17．根据上文“Askquestionstogettoknowyourteam.Youcan’ttrulybeasuccessfulleaderifyoudon’tknowyourteam.(问问题来了解你的团队。如果你不了解你的团队，你就不可能成为一个真正成功的领导者)”可知，上文提到要了解团队，可知本句承接上文说明如何了解团队：了解他们各自的角色和个性。故C选项“了解他们各自的角色和个性”符合语境，故选C。18．根据后文“Beashonestandopenasyoucanwiththem.Gonearethedaysofmanagersandbosseskeepingawallofprivacy.Tellthemwhatyou’rethinkingandwhatchangesornewprojectsyou’reconsidering.Themorehonestyoucanbe,themoreyourteamwillfeelcomfortablegivingyoutheirinputandfeedback.(对他们尽可能诚实和开放。经理和老板们将隐私隔离的日子一去不复返了。告诉他们你的想法和你正在考虑的改变或新项目。你越诚实，你的团队就越愿意向你提供意见和反馈)”可知，后文提到告诉团队想法和保持诚实，即：与你的团队开诚布公地交流你的想法。故B选项“与你的团队开诚布公地交流你的想法”符合语境，故选B。19．根据上文“Listentothepeopleonyourteamandavoidinterruptingthem.Allowthefolksonyourteamtofeelcomfortabletalkingtoyou.Wheneversomeoneonyourteamcomestoyouwithaproblemorevenjusttochat,maintaineyecontactandlistentowhattheyhavetosay.(倾听团队成员的意见，避免打断他们。让你的团队成员能够轻松地与你交谈。当你的团队中有人向你提出问题，或者只是想和你聊天时，保持眼神交流，听他们说什么)”可知，上文提到和团队里的人保持眼神交流，听他们说什么，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明这一做法的原因：这样做可以使问题迅速解决。故A选项“这样做可以使问题迅速解决”符合语境，故选A。20．根据上文“Staypositivewheneverthere’saproblem.It’seasytoimmediatelystartthinkingaboutthenegativeconsequenceswhensomethinggoeswrong.However,thathelpsnothing.(当有问题的时候保持积极的态度。当事情出错时，人们很容易立即开始思考负面后果。然而，这没有任何帮助)”可知，本段的主旨是出现问题时保持积极的态度，即思考事情好的一面。故D选项“先花点时间考虑一下潜在的好事情”符合语境，故选D。三、完形填空InfaceofCOVID-19,everymedicalworkerisahero.SigridStokes,anurse,isinno21toretireatage76.Sheistoobusyworkingtosavelivesduringthis22pandemic,justashermother,KristineMueller,didmorethanacenturyago.Hermother23thosepeoplestrickenbyflupandemicin1918.Now,Stokesis24togivevaccinationstohealthcareworkers25thecoronavirus.Amongthemanyphotosofhermother,Stokeshasonethatshedisplays26ofhermotherinherwhite27talkingtochildstarShirleyTempleasbothsmiledbroadly.It’sthesamesenseof28athelpingpeoplethatStokesbringstoherownwork.“Igiveverygood29,”shesayswithaslightsmile.Sheprovesitwhenshe30putsaneedleintothearmofahealthcareworkerwhodoesn’teven31it.Stokeswasworkingpart-timewhenthecoronavirusbeganto32thecountrylastyear.Shewastoooldto33COVID-19patients,butknewshecouldhelpwithvaccinations.Asshearrivesatworkeachday,shewearsheruniformandanecklacethathermother34eachdaywhenshewasalive.“IwearthemeverytimeIcometowork35Ifeellikemymomiswithme.”21．A．dream B．mood C．need D．quality22．A．local B．slight C．deadly D．Annual23．A．tendedto B．raninto C．reliedon D．lookedfor24．A．ordered B．expected C．examined D．assigned25．A．analyzing B．battling C．dominating D．exploring26．A．desperately B．hurriedly C．proudly D．cautiously27．A．uniform B．coat C．skirt D．dress.28．A．sorrow B．belonging C．stress D．joy29．A．tests B．shots C．operations D．instructions30．A．secretly B．quickly C．nervously D．skillfully31．A．tolerate B．accept C．feel D．make32．A．sweep B．influence C．control D．destroy33．A．move B．reject C．comfort D．treat34．A．bought B．found C．wore D．grabbed35．A．because B．although C．unless D．or【答案】21．B22．C23．A24．D25．B26．C27．A28．D29．B30．D31．C32．A33．D34．C35．A【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了面对新冠肺炎疫情，每一位医护人员都是英雄。SigridStokes是一名护士，她在76岁高龄时没有心情退休，而是被指派给抗击冠状病毒的医护人员接种疫苗。她忙于在这场致命的大流行中拯救生命，就像她的母亲KristineMueller在一个多世纪前所做的那样。21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：SigridStokes是一名护士，她在76岁高龄时没有心情退休。A.dream梦想；B.mood情绪；C.need需要；D.quality质量。根据后文“toretireatage76”可知表示“没有心情”短语为innomood。故选B。22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她忙于在这场致命的大流行中拯救生命，就像她的母亲KristineMueller在一个多世纪前所做的那样。A.local当地的；B.slight轻微的；C.deadly致命的；D.annual年度的。修饰后文pandemic应用形容词deadly，表示“致命的”。故选C。23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她的母亲照顾1918年流感大流行的患者。A.tendedto照顾；B.raninto遇到；C.reliedon依赖；D.lookedfor寻找。根据后文“thosepeoplestrickenbyflupandemicin1918”指照顾病人应用tendto。故选A。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，Stokes被指派给抗击冠状病毒的医护人员接种疫苗。A.ordered命令；B.expected期待；C.examined检查；D.assigned指派。根据后文“togivevaccinationstohealthcareworkers”指Stokes被指派给抗击冠状病毒的医护人员接种疫苗。故选D。25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，Stokes被指派给抗击冠状病毒的医护人员接种疫苗。A.analyzing分析；B.battling作战；C.dominating支配；D.exploring探索。根据后文宾语thecoronavirus可知指抗击冠状病毒，应用battle。故选B。26．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在她母亲的许多照片中，Stokes自豪地展示了一张母亲穿着白大褂与童星秀兰·邓波儿交谈的照片，两人都笑得很开心。A.desperately绝望地；B.hurriedly匆忙地；C.proudly自豪地；D.cautiously慎重地。根据后文“talkingtochildstarShirleyTemple”可知Stokes自豪地展示了一张母亲穿着白大褂与童星秀兰·邓波儿交谈的照片。故选C。27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她母亲的许多照片中，Stokes自豪地展示了一张母亲穿着白大褂与童星秀兰·邓波儿交谈的照片，两人都笑得很开心。A.uniform制服；B.coat外套；C.skirt裙子；D.dress连衣裙。呼应后文“shewearsheruniform”指母亲穿着白色制服。故选A。28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Stokes在自己的工作中也能感受到帮助别人的快乐。A.sorrow悲伤；B.belonging所有物；C.stress压力；D.joy快乐。根据后文“athelpingpeople”可知感受到帮助别人的快乐。故选D。29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我打得很好，”她微笑着说。A.tests测试；B.shots射击、扎针；C.operations手术；D.instructions指令。呼应上文中“togivevaccinationstohealthcareworkers”指Stokes给人打针。故选B。30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她证明了这一点，她熟练地将针扎进了一个医护人员的手臂，医护人员甚至没有感觉到。A.secretly秘密地；B.quickly快速地；C.nervously紧张地；D.skillfully熟练地。根据后文“putsaneedleintothearmofahealthcareworkerwhodoesn’teven”结合她是护士，可知动作很熟练。故选D。31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她证明了这一点，她熟练地将针扎进了一个医护人员的手臂，医护人员甚至没有感觉到。A.tolerate忍受；B.accept接受；C.feel感觉；D.make制作。根据上文“putsaneedleintothearmofahealthcareworkerwhodoesn’teven”指医护人员感觉不到的情况下Stokes已经完成了注射。故选C。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年冠状病毒开始席卷全国时，Stokes正在做兼职。A.sweep扫去；B.influence影响；C.control控制；D.destroy破坏。根据前后文“whenthecoronavirusbeganto…thecountry”可知，指新冠病毒席卷全国，应用sweep。故选A。33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她年纪太大，无法治疗COVID-19患者，但知道她可以帮助接种疫苗。A.move移动；B.reject拒绝；C.comfort安慰；D.treat对待、治疗。根据后文“COVID-19patients,butknewshecouldhelpwithvaccinations”可知but表示转折，说明她年纪太大，无法治疗COVID-19患者，但知道她可以帮助接种疫苗。故选D。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天上班时，她都穿着她的制服，戴着她母亲在世时每天都戴的项链。A.bought购买；B.found找到；C.wore穿；D.grabbed抓住。根据上文“shewearsheruniformandanecklacethathermother”指穿着她的制服，戴着她母亲在世时每天都戴的项链。故选C。35．考查连词词义辨析。句意：“我每次来上班都戴着它们，因为我觉得妈妈就在我身边。”A.because因为；B.although虽然；C.unless除非；D.or或者。引导原因状语从句，表示“因为”应用because。故选A。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文语法填空DuringtheMiddleAges,thepurposeofWesternartwas36．(teach)peopleaboutChristianity,butpaintersintheRenaissanceconcentratedlesson37．(religion)themes.They38．(adopt)amorehumanisticattitudetolife.Animportantbreakthroughduringthisperiodwastheuseofperspective.Someof39．greatestartthatEuropehadeverseenwasproducedbyinfluentialpainterssuchasDaVinci,GiottoandMasaccio.【答案】36．toteach37．religious38．adopted39．the【分析】这是一篇说明文。在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是让人们了解基督教，但文艺复兴时期的画家不太关注宗教主题。他们对生活采取了更人性化的态度。这一时期的一个重要突破是透视法的使用。欧洲历史上一些最伟大的艺术作品是由达芬奇、乔托和马萨乔等有影响力的画家创作的。36．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是让人们了解基督教，但文艺复兴时期的画家不太关注宗教主题。此处说明主语的内容，应用不定式作表语。故填toteach。37．考查形容词。句意：在中世纪，西方艺术的目的是让人们了解基督教，但文艺复兴时期的画家不太关注宗教主题。修饰后文名词themes应用形容词religious，作定语。故填religious。38．考查时态。句意：他们对生活采取了更人性化的态度。此处描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填adopted。39．考查冠词。句意：欧洲历史上一些最伟大的艺术作品是由达芬奇、乔托和马萨乔等有影响力的画家创作的。greatest为形容词最高级，前面需用定冠词the。故填the。语法填空Continuedgreenhousegasemissionswillresult40．furtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheclimate.Governmentsneedtoconsider41．(take)appropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxidethatourlifestylesproduce.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,becausethisisthemostseriousissue42．affectsallofusonthisplanet.【答案】40．in41．taking42．that【分析】这是一篇说明文。温室气体的持续排放将导致气候进一步变暖和长期变化。各国政府需要考虑采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体的排放。作为个人，我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育大家关于全球变暖的知识，因为这是影响地球上所有人的最严重的问题。40．考查介词。句意：温室气体的持续排放将导致气候进一步变暖和长期变化。结合句意表示“导致”可知短语为resultin。故填in。41．考查非谓语动词。句意：各国政府需要考虑采取适当的行动和措施来减少温室气体的排放。结合句意表示“考虑做某事”可知短语为considerdoingsth.。故填taking。42．考查定语从句。句意：我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育大家关于全球变暖的知识，因为这是影响地球上所有人的最严重的问题。此处为定语从句修饰先行词issue，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，且由最高级修饰只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。语法填空Locatedtothesouthoftheequator,belowmanyother43．（country）ontheglobe,Australiaisoften44．（informal）referredtoas“downunder”.Afterbeingthereforsometime,mybiggestimpressionisthecomplicatedmixofpeoplesandcultures.Althoughthemainculturalinfluence45．（be）Westernculturesince1788,minoritycultureshavealsoplayedapartinshapingtheuniqueAustralianculture.【答案】43．countries44．informally45．hasbeen【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了澳大利亚文化的多样性。

43．考查名词复数。句意：澳大利亚位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下面，它经常被非正式地称为“在下面”。根据前文的many，可知此处名词应用复数形式，故填countries。

44．考查副词。句意：澳大利亚位于赤道以南，在地球上许多其他国家的下面，它经常被非正式地称为“在下面”。此处应用副词，修饰动词refer，故填informally。

45．考查时态。句意：虽然从1788年起主要的文化影响是西方文化，少数民族文化也在形成独特的澳大利亚文化中发挥了作用。根据时间状语since1788，可知此处应用现在完成时，主语themainculturalinfluence是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填hasbeen。

五、根据中英文提示填写单词46．Ihavetoleavenow,becauseIhaveanurgentt______(预约)togetto