浙江省杭州市公益中学2024年中考二模英语试题（含答案）

第第页浙江省杭州市公益中学2024年中考二模英语试题一、完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Jacksataloneonthebusridehomefromschool.Allhisfriendswere1．theirclassprojectsexcitedly,butJackremainedsilent.Howcouldtheyunderstandhisfeelingswhentheirparentswouldhelpthem?Hisparentsworkedallthetime.Whenthebusstopped,heracedhome,2．hisschoolbagonthefloor,andwalkedstraighttohisbedroom."Jack?"Grandpa's3．calledout."Wasthatyou?"Jackstopped4．heclosedhisbedroomdoor."Yes,Grandpa,it'sme."GrandpaHigginscamefromthekitchencarrvingasandwich."Youdon'tsoundokay."hesaidashetookabite.ShouldJacktellGrandpathetruth?Whatcouldithurt?Hequickly5．thattheyshoulddoaclassproiectfortheweekendandtogethertheywouldbuildsomethingwithanadult.Thestudentsneededtomakea6．toexplainhowtheirprojectshadgone.Grandpalistenedquietly."7．areyousounhappy?"Jackfelthis8．andangerrisinginsidehim."BecauseIdon'thaveanyonetohelpme!"Grandparaisedhiseyebrowsin9．."WhatamI?"heaskedgently.Jackfroze."You'dbuildaprojectwithme,Grandpa?""Sure,Iwould,"Grandpasaid"Justletmefinishthis10．."Jack'sheartseemedso11．thathethoughtitwouldfloataway.Herushedtotheschoolbagand12．hisassignment(任务,作业)paper.Thentheystudiedtheassignmentandmadealistofideas.Finally,they13．tobuildacardboardrobotfromoldbiscuitandnoodleboxes.Theyusedglue,staples,andtapeGrandpahelpedalotandhe14．foundaboxofeyeballstickers.Whentheyfinished,Jacklookedattheirmisshapen(奇形怪状的)robot.Hecouldn'tstopsmiling."Ithinkit'sthebest15．Ihaveeverbuilt.NowIhavetowritemyreport,"Jacksaid,huggingGrandpa."Thankyou,Grandpa.Ihadalotoffun."1．A．discussing B．building C．reporting D．improving2．A．dropped B．hung C．stuck D．hid3．A．pronunciation B．voiceC．noise D．sound4．A．if B．until C．before D．though5．A．reminded B．considered C．suggested D．explained6．A．change B．report C．robot D．choice7．A．How B．Where C．Why D．What8．A．sadness B．honor C．joy D．excitement9．A．luck B．fear C．anger D．surprise10．A．sandwich B．project C．class D．biscuit11．A．heavy B．big C．light D．empty12．A．tookout B．putaway C．handedin D．cutoff13．A．promised B．forgot C．refused D．decided14．A．just B．even C．still D．ever15．A．room B．table C．schoolbag D．robot二、阅读理解，阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读理解Movingair-suchasthewindonabreezing(微风的)day-oftenseemsto"stick"tosolidobjects(固体),thisexperimentshows.You'llneed①Ashortcandleinholder②Matches③Saltbox,andlargecontainer(容器)④AnadulthelperWhattodoStep1Putthecandleonthetableandasktheadulttolightit.Step2Putthecontaineronthetablenexttothecandle.Step3Blowontheothersideofthecontainer(nocandleside)asshowninthepicture.Whathappened?Why?Thecandleflickers(闪烁)andyoumaybeabletoblowitout.Thisiscalledthe"Coandaeffect"afterascientistfromRomania.Airfromyourmouthdividesintotwosteamswhenithitsthecontainer.Theyflowaroundbothsides,stickingclosetothecontainer.Thentheyjoinandblowoutthecandle.16．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEfromStep1toStep3?A．Thecandleshouldbelitandputonthecantainer.B．Theadultshouldhelptoputthecandleunderthetable.C．Weshouldblowthecontaineronthesideofthecandle.D．Weshouldblowthecontaineratthesameheightastheflame.17．Whatisthepurposeofthisexperiment?A．Toshowcandlescanbeblownoutinfrontofacontainer.B．Toshowairfromyourmouthcanbedividedintohalves.C．Toshowmovingairmaystickclosetothesolidobjects.D．ToshowCoandaeffectwasfoundbyaRomanianscientist.18．Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthetext?A．SportsNews. B．JobWanted.C．ScienceStudy. D．StarStories.阅读理解Medellin,thesecondlargestcityinColombia,usednottobeagreatplaceforkidstogrowup.Today,however,thepeopleofMedellinareworkingtogethertomakeitasaferandmorebeautifulcommunity.Howaretheydoingthis?Throughart,ofcourse!Thelocalgovernmenthasgivenartistspermissiontopaintmurals(壁画)oncertainwallsthroughoutthecommunity.Artistsareabletosharetheirfeelingswithothers.Theyexpressthemselvesintheirworks.Theyalsoexpressasharedcultureandsharedvaluesandmemories.Thisbuildsrespectamongtheresidents(居民).Thegovernment'sinterestinthecommunityhelpstheresidentsbelieveinthepoliticalsystem(制度).TofurthersupporttheresidentsofMedellin,thelocalgovernmentalsoprovidesresidentswithbrightlycoloredpainttopainttheirhouses.Asresidentsplanandpainttheirhomestogether,theyappreciateandunderstandeachothermore.AnotherwayMedellinisusingarttoimprovetheirneighborhoodsisbygivingkidsartclasses.Communitycenters,suchasCasaMorada,teachkidshowtopaintandhelpthemplanmuralsforpublicspace.Thisisnotonlyfun,butithasaserioussidetoitaswell.Itkeepskidsoutoftroubleandgivesthemasenseofprideintheirneighborhood.Becauseofart,brightcolorssurroundthecommunityofMedellin.Itgivestheresidentsjoy,pride,andasenseoftogetherness.Asaresult,Medellinisbecomingasafer,morebeautifulplace.19．Whatdoestheunderlined"it"inthefirstparagraphreferto?A．Medellin. B．Colombia. C．Government. D．Art.20．Accordingtothewriter,whatisn'tthepurposeofthepaintingsonthewallsaroundthecommunity?A．Tosharetheartists'feelings.B．Tosharememoriesofthecity's.C．Toshowthecity'sculture.D．Toshowrespecttothegovernment.21．Whatdoesthegovernmentgivelocalpeopletopainttheirhouses?A．Moneysupport. B．Paintingskills.C．Coloredpaint. D．Part-timeworkers.22．Whatisoneoftheresultsofhavingartlessonsformanykids?A．Interestingtheminstudy. B．Understandingthegovernment.C．Freeingthemoffailure. D．Owningprideinneighborhoods.阅读理解Everyoneknowsthatfriendshipsareimportant.Weallneedourbestfriends.Bestfriendssharegoodtimesandbad.Wetellourclosefriendsoursecrets.Butwhataboutcasualfriends?Theyarethefriendsweseeonlynowandthen.Theyareourclassmates,thecustomersatthecafe,ortheneighborwalkinghisdog.Whenwehavealotofcasualfriends,itimprovesourlivesinseveralways.First,casualfriendsmakeushappy.Wetalktothematthebusstoporthefarmstand.Wefeellikewearepartofacommunity.Researchshowsthatthemorecasualfriendswehave,themorepositivewefeel.Inonestudy,studentsfeltmuchhappierwhentheytalkedtomoreclassmatesthanusual.Theselow-key(低调的)friendshipsbecomeveryimportantaswegetolder.Wehavethemostfriendsatage25,butthenumbergoesdownafterthat.Aswegetolder,wehavefewerfriendshipsandcanfeelaloneButwefeellesslonelywhenwehavemanycasualfriends.Second,casualfriendsconnectustoothergroupsofpeople.Theytellusaboutfunactivitiesandpossiblejobs.Infact,peopleare58percentmorelikelytogetajobthroughacasualfriendthanaclosefriend.Casualfriendsintroduceustotheirotherfriends.Theyhelpwhenwewanttoknowaboutgoodrestaurantsorexcitingmovies.Researchshowsthatcasualfriendshipsareagoodwaytospreadallkindsofinformation.Finally,casualfriendsintroduceustoavarietyofnewideas.Ourbestfriendsoftenthinklikeus,butcasualfriendsmayhaveverydifferentopinıons.Whenwetalktodifferentpeople,welearnnewwaysofseeingtheworld.Itmakesuskinderandmoreunderstanding.Tohaveabetterlife,makemorecasualfriends.Talkmoretostrangers.Thesepeoplecanbecomecasualfriends.Overtime,casualfriendscanbecomeclosefriends.Andthemorefriendsyouhave,thehappieryou'llbe.Casualfriendsmaybethesecrettoahappylife.23．Whatarecasualfriends?A．Friendsweseeonlysometimes.B．Friendswesharegoodtimeswith.C．Friendsweoftentelloursecretsto.D．Friendswehaveknownforalongtime.24．Whyarecasualfriendsimportantaswegetolder?A．Becausewehavemoretimetospendwiththem.B．Becausetheyareeasiertohavethanclosefriends.C．Becausewehavefewerfriendsandmayfeelalone.DBecausetheyshareotherneighbors'secretswithus.25．Howdocasualfriendshelpusgetnewwaysofthinking?A．Byintroducingdifferentnewideastous.B．Bymakingusfeellikewearerelatives.C．Byprovidinguswithmorepossiblejobs.D．Byintroducingustotheirotherfriends.26．Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthetext?(p=paragraph)A． B．C． D．阅读理解Canyouimaginebeinghitwithtwonugenaturaldisasters(灾难)atonce?That'sexactlywhathappenedinnortheasternHonshu,Japan'slargestisland,inMarch2011.Apowerfulearthquakeunexpectedlystruckabout329kmnorthofTokyo.Itwasfollowedbyaterribletsunami(海啸).Veryfewscientistspredictedthesedisasters.Mostpeopledidnotsensetheywerecoming,soveryfewpeoplepreparedforthem.Theearthquakewasoneofthestrongesteverrecorded.ItshooktheearthasfarawayaspartsofRussiaandChina.Itstruckinthemiddleoftheday,whilemanypeoplewereworkingorgoingtoschool.Theearthquakecollapsedbuildingsandcausedalotofterribledamage.Peoplewereterrifiedbecausetheyknewthatsoonatsunamiwouldhit.Manypeoplewenttohighergroundorevenclimbedtothetopoftallbuildingstogetawayfromthetsunami.Aboutanhourlater,waves9mhighbeganhittingthelandat800kmperhour.Waterpouredovercitywallsandbuildings,anddestroyedmorebuildings.Thewavespushedintothelandabout5kminfromthecoast.Therewasevenonereportthatwaveswentasfaras9.6km.Thewavespickedupeverythingintheirpath.Asthewavesmovedback,theycarrieddebris(残骸),includingbuildings,houses,boats,andtrucks,backintotheocean.TheJapanesegovernmentthoughtthat5milliontonsofdebriswassweptoffshore.Someremainswereleftstayingonthesurfaceoftheocean,butmostofthemwenttothebottomofthesea.Thetsunamidestroyedeverythinginitspathandleftmanyareasflooded.ItseffectswereeventuallyseenontheshoresofHawaiitheAleutianIslands,thewestcoastoftheUnitedstates,anc,finally,Antarctica,wherewavesbrokeofftheouterpartoftheiceshelf.27．Whatcanbelearnedabouttheearthquake?A．IthappenedinTokyo.B．Itwasfollowedbyatsunami.C．Itwaswellpreparedfor.D．Itwasthestrongestrecorded.28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"collapsed"inparagraph2mean?A．Turnedover. B．Pulleddown. C．Wokeup. D．Threwaway.29．Wherewasthefarthestplacethetsunamhadeffectson?A．China.B．Russia.C．Thewest-coastoftheUS.D．Antarctica.30．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．FearComesinTwosB．ShockingFactsaboutTsunamisC．AnEarthquakeHitsJapanD．TheDeadliestTsunamiinHistory三、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，完成表格，每空不得多于三个词.TheCommunistYouthLeagueofChina(CYLC中国共产主义青年团)wasborninMay1922/Itis100yearsoldthisyear.AlmosteveryyearinMay,hundredsofteenagersgettogetheratTuanyidaSquareinGuangzhou.ItistheplacewhichtheCYLCwasbornin.In1932,aspecialschoolopenedinasmallvillageofRuijin,Jiangxi.It'sthefirstschooloftheCYLC.Itsfirst124studentsarrivedinDecember.Theywerebetween14and25inage.Theylearnedabouthistory,politics(政治),geographyandotherskills.Everynight,thestudentsreadbooksandnewspapers.Theynotonlylearnedknowledge,butalsoputwhattheylearnedintopractice.Atthattime,theyoungpeoplewhowantedtojointheCYLCmadetheapplicationform(申请书)bythemselves.TheyneededtowritewhytheywantedtobeaCYLCmemberandhowtheywoulddoit.Nowtheapplicationformisprintedinastandardform.Theformmightbedifferentovertime.However,thespiritoftheCYLChasneverchanged.DoyouknowthesongoftheCYLC?In1987,HuHongweiwrotethelyrics(歌词).HeseesyoungpeopleasaseaofflowersinMey-andtherisingsun.Later,LeiYushengcomposed(作曲)thesong,itbecamethesongoftheCYLCin2003.SomeinformationontheCYLCThebirth◆ItwasbornatTuanyidaSquareinGuangzhouin31．.Thefirstschool◆Itopenedin32．ofRuijin,Jiangxiin1932.◆Thestudentswerebetween14and25.Theyconnectedwhattheylearnedwith33．.Theapplicationform◆Theapplicationformnowmight34．theoneatthattime,butthespiritisthesame.ThesongoftheCYLC◆ThesongoftheCYLCwasmadein2003.Youngpeople35．aseaofflowersinMayandtherisingsuninthesong.四、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Cave(洞穴)paintingsaretheoldestpictures.Theydonothavewrittenwords,36．whenwelookatthem,wesetanideahowthepeoplefeltwhentheydrewthem.Sometimebetween4000and3000BCE,peopleinEgyptandMesopotamiadeveloped37．skillofwriting.Theyengraved(雕刻)textonstonesfirst.Butitwasimpossible38．(carry)stonesfromplacetoplace.Theinventionøtpapyrus(纸莎草纸)alloweddocumentstobemoved39．(easy).Writingonpapyrusmade40．easiertocorrectmistakes,too.People41．(make)thefirstbooksfrompapyrusandfromthinanimalskins.Paper42．(invent)inChinaasearlyas105CE.Thequalityofpapersoonbecameverygood.The43．(world)oldestprintedbookisfromChina,too.Itcameout44．May11,868CE.InEurope,bookswerewrittenmanually(人工地)untilthemiddleofthe15thcentury.Formanypeople,oneoflife's45．(great)pleasuresisspendingafewhoursinabookshoplookingthroughthebooks.五、词汇运用，第一节：词语填空(共5小题，每小题1分，共5分)用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每个词汇限用一次。helpwithrunoutmeantoothDoyouknowthatweareusinguptheEarth'sfreshwaterfasterthanwecanreplaceit?Weneedwatertostayaliveandifwedon'tusewaterwisely,itwill46．!Waterisneededforjustabouteverythingwedo.Weneedittofarm,towash,toprovidepower,tocontrolfiresand——mostimportantly———todrink.47．water,wewouldalldie.Soweshouldallsavewaterifwewanttohaveenoughtostayalive.Usinglesswater48．savingmoneyandsavingenergy.SavingwaterisEASY.Herearesome49．tips:*Haveshortershowersandonlyhalffillthebath.*Turnthetapoffwhileyousoapyourhandsorbrushyour50．.*Fixanytapsorhoses(软管)thatdripeverydropcounts!六、词汇运用，第二节：单词拼写，根据下列句子及所给单词的首字母，在答题纸上按题号写出各单词的正确、完全形式(每空限填一词)。(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)51．Samdidn'trtomyquestionandinsteadchangedthetopic.52．Thewaiterprovidedexcellentsandweenjoyedourmealattherestaurant.53．Ifyoudon'ttakethoseshowstoos,theyarefuntowatch.54．ThesecutekoalascomefromA.55．Hergardenismuchmorebeautifulthanm.MaybeIcanlearnsomegardeningtipsfromher.56．Shedacupofteatowarmuponthatcoldmorning.57．IntheUnitedStates,ThanksgivingisalwaysonthefourthThursdayinN.58．Ineedtocheckthectoseewhatdayoftheweekitis.59．-Whatdoyougetwhenyouaddelevenandnine?-T.60．Let'soapicnicfornextweekend.Wecanvisitthecountryside.七、书面表达(共1题,满分20分)61．文明社会，从我做起.请就下图的不文明行为和所产生的后果用英语写一短文，向校刊EnglishGarden投稿,倡导做文明人。……注意：(1)短文必须包括所给图片的信息，合理想象并补全第3幅图片的内容.(以第三人称描述图片故事)(2)必须谈谈你对此事的看法，并说明原因。(3)文中不得出现与你身份相关的信息。(4)字数100词左右。短文首句已给，不计入总词数。参考词汇:果皮skin;踩在……上摔倒sliponsth(slipped,slipped);救护车ambulance;一些不文明行为someuncivilizedbehaviourToBeaCivilizedPersonLastSundayafternoon,Iwenttotheparkwithmycousin.

答案解析部分【答案】1．A；2．A；3．B；4．C；5．D；6．B；7．C；8．A；9．D；10．A；11．C；12．A；13．D；14．B；15．D【解析】【分析】这篇文章讲述了杰克因父母无法帮助他完成学校项目而感到沮丧，但幸运的是，他的爷爷愿意帮助他一起完成，最终他们成功制作了一个纸板机器人，Jack感到非常开心和感激。

【点评】考查完形填空，注意词汇在篇章中的运用能力，首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章逐一作答，注意上下文的逻辑，并且考虑句型，语法，搭配，语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。1．句意：他所有的朋友都在兴奋地讨论他们的课堂计划，但杰克保持沉默。discussing讨论；building建造；reporting报告；improving提高。根据"theirclassprojectsexcitedly,butJackremainedsilent."可知，他的朋友们是在公交车上讨论课堂项目。故选A。2．句意：公共汽车停下来后，他跑回家，把书包扔在地板上，径直走向卧室。dropped扔；hung挂；stuck卡住；hid躲藏。根据"onthefloor"可知，是把书包仍在地上。故选A。3．句意："杰克？"爷爷的声音喊道。"是你吗？"pronunciation发音；voice嗓音；noise噪音；sound声音。根据"Grandpa's…calledout."可知，是爷爷发出的声音，人的声音用voice。故选B。4．句意：杰克在关上卧室门之前停了下来。if如果；until直到；before在……之前；though虽然。根据"…heclosedhisbedroomdoor.和下文"Yes,Grandpa,it'sme.""可知，是在关门前停下来。故选C。5．句意：他很快解释说，他们应该在周末做一个课堂项目，和一个成年人一起建造一些东西。reminded提醒；considered考虑；suggested建议；explained解释。根据Whatcouldithurt?可知，接下来杰克会解释原因。故选D。6．句意：学生们需要做一份报告来解释他们的项目进展如何。change改变；report报告；robot机器人；choice选择。根据"toexplainhowtheirprojectshadgone"可知，是做一份报告来记录项目的进展。故选B。7．句意：你为什么这么不高兴？How怎样；Where在哪里；Why为什么；What什么。根据"BecauseIdon'thaveanyonetohelpme."可知，爷爷问他为什么不开心。故选C。8．句意：杰克感到他的悲伤和愤怒在心里升起。sadness伤心；honor荣誉；joy愉快；excitement兴奋。根据"andanger"可知，是消极的词，没人帮他，他会伤心。故选A。9．句意：爷爷惊讶地扬起眉毛。luck运气；fear恐惧；anger生气；surprise惊讶。根据"Grandparaisedhiseyebrows"和"WhatamI?"可知，爷爷认为自己就可以帮助杰克，而杰克说没人帮助自己，所以听到后很惊讶。故选D。10．句意：让我吃完这个三明治。sandwich三明治；project项目，计划；class班级；biscuit饼干。根据"GrandpaHigginscamefromthekitchencarryingasandwich."和"Sure,Iwould"可知，爷爷答应帮助杰克完成课堂项目，所以应是要先吃完手中的三明治，故选A。11．句意：杰克的心变得如此轻松，他以为它会飘走。heavy沉的；big大的；light轻的；empty空的。根据"hethoughtitwouldfloataway"可知，杰克感到轻松了。故选C。12．句意：他冲向书包，拿出作业纸。tookout拿出；putaway收拾好；handedin上交；cutoff切断。根据"Herushedtotheschoolbag"可知，是从书包里拿出作业纸。故选A。13．句意：最后，他们决定用旧饼干和面条盒制作一个纸板机器人。promised承诺；forgot忘记；refused拒绝；decided决定。根据"…tobuildacardboardrobot"可知，他们决定制作一个纸板机器人。故选D。14．句意：爷爷帮了很多忙，他甚至找到了一盒眼球贴纸。just仅仅；even甚至；still仍然；ever曾经。根据"Grandpahelpedalot…"可知，空处进一步说明爷爷是怎样帮忙的，even"甚至"符合语境。故选B。15．句意：我认为这是我制造过的最好的机器人。room房间；table桌子；schoolbag书包；robot机器人。根据"Jacklookedattheirmisshapen(奇形怪状的)robot"可知，他们制造的是机器人。故选D。【答案】16．D17．C18．C【解析】【分析】本文主要通过实验展示了微风中的空气似乎会"粘"在固体物体上，称为"科安达效应"，并通过吹灭蜡烛来演示这一现象。

【点评】考查阅读理解。注意回到原文找答案，在回答问题时，要回到原文中寻找答案，尽量选择与原文一致的选项。16．细节题。根据"Blowontheothersideofthecontainer(nocandleside)asshowninthepicture."及图片中"Blowatthesamelevelasflames"可知，从容器中另一面吹气时高度要与蜡烛火焰高度一致。故选D。17．主旨大意题。根据"Movingair—suchasthewindonabreezing(微风的)day—oftenseemsto‘stick'tosolidobjects(固体),thisexperimentshows."可知，这个实验是为了表明流动的空气可能会粘在固体物体上。故选C。18．文章出处题。根据"Movingair—suchasthewindonabreezing(微风的)day—oftenseemsto‘stick'tosolidobjects(固体),thisexperimentshows."及全文可知，本文主要通过实验介绍了康达效应，因此可能在科学研究版块读到这篇文章。故选C。【答案】19．A20．D21．C22．D【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了通过艺术，哥伦比亚第二大城市麦德林正在变得更加安全和美丽，壁画、彩绘房屋和儿童艺术课程等艺术活动增强了居民的归属感和社区凝聚力。

【点评】考查阅读理解。注意先看题目，再看文章，在开始阅读文章之前，先看一遍题目，了解文章的主题和问题，有目的地阅读文章，可以提高阅读效率。19．代词指代题。根据"thepeopleofMedellinareworkingtogethertomakeitasaferandmorebeautifulcommunity"可知麦德林人民正在共同努力，使其成为一个更安全、更美丽的社区，故此处it指代"麦德林"。故选A。20．细节题。根据"Artistsareabletosharetheirfeelingswithothers.Theyexpressthemselvesintheirwork.Theyalsoexpressasharedcultureandsharedvaluesandmemories.Thisbuildsrespectamongtheresidents"可知艺术家能够与他人分享他们的感受，他们还表达了共同的文化、共同的价值观和记忆。故选D。21．细节题。根据"TofurthersupporttheresidentsofMedellin,thelocalgovernmentalsoprovidesresidentswithbrightlycoloredpainttopainttheirhouses"可知当地政府还为居民提供色彩鲜艳的油漆来粉刷他们的房子。故选C。22．细节题。根据"Itkeepskidsoutoftroubleandgivesthemasenseofprideintheirneighborhood."可知这些课让孩子对自己的社区感到自豪。故选D。【答案】23．A24．C25．A26．A【解析】【分析】本文主要讲述了多交泛泛之交可以改善生活，提升幸福感，因为它们能带来快乐、扩大社交圈、传播信息和引入新思想。

【点评】考查阅读选择。注意对篇章的把握和对细节信息的识别判断，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。23．细节题。根据"Butwhataboutcasualfriends?Theyarethefriendsweseeonlynowandthen.Theyareourclassmates,thecustomersatthecafe,ortheneighborwalkinghisdog."可知，普通朋友是我们偶尔才见到的朋友。他们是我们的同学，咖啡馆的顾客，或者是遛狗的邻居。故选A。24．细节题。根据"Aswegetolder,wehavefewerfriendshipsandcanfeelalone.Butwefeellesslonelywhenwehavemanycasualfriends."可知，随着年龄的增长，我们的友谊越来越少，我们会感到孤独。但是当我们有很多普通的朋友时，我们就不会那么孤独了，故选C。25．细节题。根据"Ourbestfriendsoftenthinklikeus,butcasualfriendsmayhaveverydifferentopinions.Whenwetalktodifferentpeople,welearnnewwaysofseeingtheworld.Itmakesuskinderandmoreunderstanding."可知，我们最好的朋友通常和我们的想法一样，但是普通的朋友可能会有非常不同的想法。当我们和不同的人交谈时，我们学会了看世界的新方法。它使我们更善良，更善解人意，故选A。26．篇章结构题。本文第一段引出主题；第二三四段具体介绍普通朋友改善了我们的生活；最后一段总结，A项符合本文的结构，故选A。【答案】27．B28．B29．D30．A【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了2011年日本东北部发生强烈地震及随后海啸，造成巨大破坏，影响远至俄罗斯、中国、夏威夷、阿留申群岛、美国西海岸及南极洲。

【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案。27．细节题。根据"Apowerfulearthquakeunexpectedlystruckabout320kmnorthofTokyo."可知，这次地震袭击了日本。故选B。28．词义猜测题。根据"Theearthquakecollapsedbuildingsandcausedalotofterribledamage"可知，地震造成了……建筑物，造成了巨大的破坏。所以应是导致高楼倒塌，划线单词表示"倒塌"，与"Pulleddown"同义，故选B。29．细节题。根据"ItseffectswereeventuallyseenontheshoresofHawaii,theAleutianIslands,thewestcoastoftheUnitedstates,and,finally,Antarcticawherewavesbrokeofftheouterpartoftheiceshelf."可知，它的影响最终出现在夏威夷海岸、阿留申群岛、美国西海岸，最后是南极洲，那里的海浪打破了冰架的外部部分，故选D。30．标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了2011年日本东北部发生强烈地震及随后海啸，造成巨大破坏。A项"祸不单行"作为标题最合适，故选A。【答案】31．May1992；32．asmallvillage；33．practice；34．bedifferentfrom；35．areseenas【解析】【分析】本文概述了中国共产主义青年团的历史、起源、早期学校、入团申请流程及其团歌的创作背景。

【点评】考查任务型阅读，首先读懂题意，然后结合表格选择关键词句确定正确答案。31．根据第一段"TheCommunistYouthLeagueofChinawasborninMay1922"，可知，中国共产主义青年团诞生于1922年。故填May1922。32．根据第二段"In1932,aspecialschoolopenedinasmallvillageofRuijin,Jiangxi"可知，1932年共青团第一所特殊学校在江西一个小乡村开办。故填asmallvillage。33．介词"with"后缺宾语。根据第二段"Everynight,thestudentsreadbooksandnewspapers.Theynotonlylearnedknowledge,butalsoputwhattheylearnedintopractice"可知，他们把从书本中学到的知识和实践联系起来。故填practice。34．情态动词"might"后接动词原形。根据第三段"Theformmightbedifferentovertime.However,thespiritoftheCYLChasneverchanged"可知，申请书和现在不同，但是精神从没改变。用短语"bedifferentfrom"表达"不同的"。故填bedifferentfrom。35．句子是一般现在时，主语"Youngpeople"是复数概念。根据最后一段"HeseesyoungpeopleasaseaofflowersinMayandtherisingsun"可知，在歌曲中，年轻人被认为是五月的花和升起的太阳。表达"被认为是"用一般现在时的被动结构为areseenas。故填areseenas。【答案】36．but；37．the；38．tocarry；39．easily；40．it；41．made；42．wasinvented；43．world's；44．on；45．greatest【解析】【分析】本文介绍了洞穴绘画、古代书写技能的发展、纸莎草纸的发明、纸质书籍的创造以及书籍对人类生活的重要性。

【点评】考查语法填空。首先跳过空格通读全文，理解文章大意，然后根据语境和所给单词选择正确的词形和词性，注意固定搭配，语法和句型结构等因素。36．句意：他们没有留下书写的文字。但是当我们看到它们的时候，我们会想当他们在画画的时候，他们是什么样的感受。根据"Theydonothavewrittenwords"及"whenwelookatthem,wegetanideaofhowthe"可知虽然没有留下文字，但是当看到壁画时也能想象当时画画者的感受。前后是转折关系，故填but。37．句意：公元前4000~3000年之间的某个时间，埃及人和美索不达米亚人开发出了写书的技巧。此处特指"skillofwriting"，应用定冠词the。故填the。38．句意：但是把石头从一个地方搬到另外一个地方是不可能的。carry搬运，动词。Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth."对于某人来说做某事是……"。此句型中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。故填tocarry。39．句意：纸莎草纸的发明允许文件被很容易地移动。easy容易的，形容词。修饰"moved"应用副词。故填easily。40．句意：在纸莎草纸上书写使得纠正错误更加的容易。make+it+adj.+forsb.todosth.固定句型，it作形式宾语。故填it。41．句意：人们用莎草纸和薄薄的动物皮制作了第一批书。make制作，动词。make...from由……制作。句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。故填made。42．句意：在公元105年，中国就发明了纸。invent发明，动词。paper与invent是被动关系，用被动语态。时态是一般过去时。故填wasinvented。43．句意：世界上最古老的打印的书也是来自中国。world世界，名词。空处修饰"oldestprintedbook"应用所有格形式。故填world's。44．句意：它是在公元868年5月11日出版的。空后是具体到某天的日期，其前用介词on。故填on。45．句意：对于许多人来说，一个人生命中最大的乐趣是花几小时在书店里浏览书。great伟大的，很大的，形容词。oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数。故填greatest。【答案】46．runout；47．Without；48．means；49．helpful；50．teeth【解析】【分析】本文强调了节约水资源的重要性，并给出了几个节约用水的实用建议。

单词意思：help帮助，with有，runout耗尽，用完，mean意味着，tooth牙齿

【点评】考查选词填空。注意首先查看选项，其次快速阅读句子，把握句子大意，再根据句子结构和时态填写单词的正确形式，最后再阅读一遍进行复查。46．句意：我们需要水来维持生命，如果我们不明智地使用水，水就会耗尽！根据"ifwedon'tusewaterwisely,it"可知，水会被耗尽，备选词runout"耗尽"符合语境，为不及物动词，will后接动词原形。故填runout。47．句意：没有水，我们都会死。根据"water,wewouldalldie."可知，应说"没有"水，我们都死。备选词with可改为without"没有"，withoutwater"没有水"，句首应大写。故填Without。48．句意：使用更少的水意味着省钱和节约能源。根据"Usinglesswater"以及"savingmoneyandsavingenergy."可知，应说使用更少的水"意味着"省钱和节约能源，备选词mean"意味着"符合语境，主语是动名词，该句陈述事实，为一般现在时，动词填三单形式。故填means。49．句意：这里有一些有帮助的建议。根据后文"Haveshortershowersandonlyhalffillthebath."可知，这里指的是有帮助的建议，备选词help的形容词helpful"有帮助的"，作前置定语。故填helpful。50．句意：洗手或刷牙时关掉水龙头。根据"Turnthetapoff"以及"brushyour"可知，指的是刷牙的时候，备选词tooth"牙齿"符合语境，应填复数名词泛指类别。故填teeth。51．【答案】reply【解析】【分析】句意：Sham没有回答我的问题，并且相反他改变了题目。助动词didn't后面用动词原形。根据tomyquestion和首字母提示，可知是动词reply，回复，回答，故填reply。

【点评】考查单词拼写，注意识记reply的用法。52．【答案】(s)ervice【解析】【分析】句意：服务员提供了极好的服务，我们在餐馆吃得很愉快。根据"Thewaiterprovidedexcellent...andweenjoyedourmealattherestaurant"结合首字母提示，可知这里表示餐厅服务员的服务很好，我们用餐很愉快，service"服务"，不可数名词，符合题意，故填service。

【点评】考查不可数名词。理解句意，并结合首字母找到符合题意的的单词，注意单词的正确拼写和名词的单复数。53．【答案】seriously【解析】【分析】句意：如果你不把这些节目看得太严肃，它们看起来很有趣。此处需用副词，修饰动词take。根据takethoseshowstoo，可知此处用于"takesthseriously"结构，表示"严肃对待……"，故填seriously。

【点评】考查副词。注意结合首字母和语法结构确定单词及词性。54．【答案】