2026版创新设计高考总复习英语(外研版)教师用-Unit 5　Revealing nature

Ⅰ.阅读单词1.seedn. 种子,籽2.samplen. 样本3.tortoisen. 陆龟4.goatn. 山羊5.primitiveadj. 原始的,低等的6.mythn. (古代的)神话7.pesticiden. 杀虫剂,农药8.cybercrimen. 网络犯罪9.centimetren. 厘米Ⅱ.核心单词1.acommonancestor 一个共同的祖先2.generateheat 产生热3.personalcharacteristics 个人的特征4.blameitonyou 把它的责任归咎于你5.attractworldwideattention 引起了全世界的关注6.agiantstep 巨大的一步Ⅲ.一词多义1.declinev.减少,下降;衰落,衰退;谢绝,婉言拒绝n.减少;下降;衰落;衰退①declinerapidly迅速下降②Thecompanyhasdeclined.公司已经衰落。③declineherinvitation谢绝她的邀请④agradualdecline逐渐下降⑤economicdecline经济衰退2.rootn.根;起因,根源①treeroots树根②therootoftheproblem问题的起因③ourculturalroots我们的文化根源3.linkv.把……联系起来;连接n.联系;关系;链接;环,节①bedirectlylinked直接联系在一起②astronglink紧密联系③clickthislink点此链接④animportantlink重要的一环Ⅳ.派生单词1.distantadj. 遥远的;远处的;久远的;远房的;冷淡的distancen. 距离2.disgracen. 丢脸,耻辱;令人感到羞耻的人(或事)disgracefuladj. 可耻的,丢脸的;不光彩的3.geologistn. 地质学家geologyn. 地质学4.evolvev. 进化evolutionn. 进化(论)5.suspectv. 猜想,怀疑,觉得n. 嫌疑人suspiciousadj. 怀疑的;可疑的6.legendn. 传说,传奇(故事)legendaryadj. 传奇的;传说的7.detectv. 发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)detectionn. 侦查;探测,发现,觉察detectiven. 侦探8.fungusn. 真菌(复数fungi)fungaladj. 真菌的Ⅴ.短语词块1.adaptto 适应2.drive...away 赶走;驱车离开3.avarietyof 各种各样的,形形色色的4.beadisgrace 是耻辱,是丢脸的事5.inquestion 被提及的;讨论中的;被怀疑的6.becrowdedwith 充满,满是7.benativeto 源于……的,原产于……8.answerthecall 响应号召9.firstchoice 首选10.ofalltime 有史以来11.cometoexist 产生12.tinyamountsof 极少量的Ⅵ.句式结构1.ButDarwin’sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.(so...that...引导结果状语从句)但是达尔文的科学研究如此令人信服,以至于越来越多的人开始相信他的理论。2.AlexandertheGreatandMarcoPoloweresaidtohavevisitedsuchatreeinIndia.(be+过去分词+todosth)据说,亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗在印度参观过这样的一棵树。3.Moresurprisingly,plantsalsousesoundtocommunicate.(副词作状语)更令人吃惊的是,植物也用声音进行交流。4.Usingthewoodwideweb,plantscanshareinformationandevenfoodwitheachother.(动词-ing形式作状语)使用树联网,植物可以彼此分享信息,甚至可以彼此分享食物。▶构词法日积月累前缀dis-表否定①disgracen.丢脸,耻辱②disagreev.有分歧,意见不合③discontentadj.不满意的④dishonestadj.不诚实的⑤disappearv.消失StepOne写一写Ⅰ.阅读单词1.sowtheseeds种这些种子2.asamplesurvey抽样调查3.aherdofgoats一群山羊4.primitiveman原始人5.ancientGreekmyths古希腊神话6.theuseofpesticides使用杀虫剂7.threecentimetresdeep3厘米深Ⅱ.核心单词1.ancestorn.(动物的)原种,祖先2.generatev.产生,创造3.characteristicn.特征,特性4.blamev.责怪,指责;把……归咎于5.worldwideadv.遍及全世界6.giantadj.巨大的,特大的Ⅲ.派生单词1.distantadj.遥远的;远处的;久远的;远房的;冷淡的→distancen.距离2.disgracen.丢脸,耻辱;令人感到羞耻的人(或事)→disgracefuladj.可耻的,丢脸的;不光彩的3.evolvev.进化→evolutionn.进化(论)4.suspectv.猜想,怀疑,觉得n.嫌疑人→suspiciousadj.怀疑的;可疑的5.legendn.传说,传奇(故事)→legendaryadj.传奇的;传说的6.detectv.发现,察觉(尤指不易觉察到的事物)→detectionn.侦查;探测,发现,觉察→detectiven.侦探

Ⅳ.短语互译1.inquestion被提及的;讨论中的;被怀疑的

2.becrowdedwith充满,满是

3.avarietyof各种各样的,形形色色的

4.adaptto适应

5.ofalltime有史以来6.benativeto源于……的,原产于……7.tinyamountsof极少量的8.drive...away赶走;驱车离开Ⅴ.句式仿写1.句型公式:so...that...引导结果状语从句IwassoexcitedthatIwantedtoopenitrightnow.(心理描写)

我太激动了,想现在就打开它。2.句型公式:副词作状语Nervously,Istoodthereandfeltmythroattight,wonderingwhattodonext.(心理描写)我紧张地站在那里,感到喉咙发紧,不知道下一步做什么。3.句型公式:动词-ing形式作状语Landywasjustlikethepoorlittlechicken,beingteasedandignoredbyherclassmates,merelyduetoherspecialheight.

兰迪就像那只可怜的小鸡,被同学们嘲笑和忽视,只是因为她的特殊身高。4.句型公式:be+过去分词+todosthReadingisbelievedtoincreaseourknowledgeandbroadenourmind.

阅读被认为可以增加我们的知识,拓宽我们的视野。StepTwo练一练Ⅰ.根据语境和首字母提示写出单词的正确形式1.Theproposalhasgeneratedalotofinterest.2.Somefestivalsareheldinmemoryoftheirancestors.3.HewillinterpretthemelodycharacteristicsofmanyChineseinstrumentssuchasthedrum,theerhu,thefluteandthepipa.4.Oneday,thislittleboy,wassittingquietlydownbythesideofthestreetwhensuddenlyagiantdogwalkedacrosshim.

Ⅱ.根据语境用括号内所给词的正确形式填空1.MyparentsliveinadistantcitybuttheInternetremovesthedistanceinaway.(distant)2.Highlevelsofleadhavebeendetectedintheatmosphere.Andwehopethedetectionwillraisepublicawarenessofairprotection.(detect)3.Hisbehaviourwasabsolutelyimpoliteanddisgraceful,whichmadehimadisgracetohisfamily.(disgrace)Ⅲ.短语填空ofalltime;avarietyof;becrowdedwith;adaptto;benativeto1.Thisisalovelyanimalwhichisnativetoaremoteisland.

2.Themeetingroomiscrowdedwithhugecrowdsinit.

3.Hisnamewillliveinhistoryasoneofthegreatestbowlersofalltime.

4.Howtohelptheoldadapttoadigitalsocietyisofgreatimportance.

5.Torelievestressandenrichcampuslife,ourschoolheldavarietyofafter-schoolactivities.

Ⅳ.串记练习阅读下面新情景,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenmyunclewasyoung,heansweredthecalland1.went(go)tothatdistantislandwithhisclassmates.Hetooksomebooksaswellassome2.seeds(seed)withhim.On3.arriving(arrive)atthebeautifulisland,hebecameinterestedintheplantswhichwerenativetotheisland.Myunclechose4.tostay(stay)onthatisland,whichmademygrandfathersoangrythatheblamedhim5.foritmanytimesonthephone.Mygrandfatherevenconsideredhimas6.adisgracetothewholefamily.Myuncleworkedhardintheday.Inhisfreetime,hewentonstudyingthecharacteristicsofthoseplants.Heevenhadsomesamples7.placed(place)inhisbedroom.Althoughnoincome8.wasgenerated(generate)fromhisstudy,hewascrazyaboutit.Later,heachievedalotinthisfield.

1.suspectv.猜想,怀疑(doubt),觉得n.嫌疑人→suspiciousadj.怀疑的;可疑的佳句背诵IwasovercomewithsadnessbecauseIwassuspectedofstealinghismoney.(心理描写)我非常伤心,因为我被怀疑偷了他的钱。suspectthat... 怀疑……suspectsbtobe... 怀疑某人是……suspectsbof(doing)sth 怀疑某人(做过)某事besuspiciousof/aboutsb/sth 感觉某人/某事可疑的[点拨]与suspectsbofsth结构相同的短语还有:informsbofsth、remindsbofsth、robsbofsth、accusesbofsth、warnsbofsth等。以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Hesuspectedmeofstealing(steal)theoldwoman’sgoldringandevenmybestfriendwassuspicious(suspect)aboutmypersonalqualities,soIburiedmyfaceinmyhands,sobbinguncontrollably.②Judgingfromhisexpression,Isuspectedthemanwearingamoustachetobe(be)athief.

③Wesuspectedthattheinjuredparticipantmaynotfinishthemarathon,butactuallyhemadeitwithstrongwillpower.

我们认为那个受伤的参赛者可能跑不完马拉松,但实际上他凭着坚强的意志成功了。2.declinev.减少,下降(reduce,drop);衰落,衰退(fail);谢绝,婉言拒绝n.减少,下降;衰落,衰退佳句背诵Shedeclinedwithashakeofthehead.她摇摇头拒绝了。(动作描写)Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyear.去年到这个胜地旅游的人数减少了10%。decline(todo)sth 拒绝(做)某事declineto/by... 减少到/减少了……indecline/onthedecline 在衰退中,走下坡路[点拨]表示“增加”或“减少”的幅度常用介词by,后面常跟百分数;表示“增加到”或“减少到”常用介词to,后面常跟具体数字。以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetodisplay(display)hisworks.

②Thenumberofpeoplewholikereadinghasbeenindecline/onthedeclineinthepastfewyears.

在过去的几年里,喜欢阅读的人数一直在下降。③I’mverysorrytodeclineyourkindinvitation,becauseIhavetoattendameeting.(道歉信)

非常抱歉拒绝你的盛情邀请,因为我必须去参加一个会议。3.blamev.责怪,指责;把……归咎于n.责任;责备;指责佳句背诵Blamedfornotperformingwellintheexamination,thegirlcouldn’thelpcryingbitterly,buryingherfaceinherhands.(情绪描写)由于被指责考试没考好,女孩忍不住掩面痛哭。blamesbforsth/doingsth为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blamesthonsb/sth把某事归咎于某人/某物betoblame(for)应(为……)承担责任/受责备put/laytheblameforsthonsb将某事归咎于某人以练促学完成语段Whengettingalongwithothers,weshouldn’talwaysput/laytheblameformistakesonothers/blameothersformistakes.Afterall,manytimeswearealsotoblame.Soinsteadofblamingothers,weshouldcommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers’place.

当和其他人相处时,我们不应该总把错误归咎于其他人。毕竟,很多时候我们也应受责备。因此,我们应该多交流、换位思考,而不是指责其他人。4.linkv.把……联系起来(connect,associate,relate);连接n.联系;关系;链接;环,节佳句背诵Thegirlswalkedshouldertoshoulderwiththeirhandslinked.(动作描写)女孩们手挽着手肩并肩走着。alink/linksbetweenAandB A和B之间的联系/纽带link...to/with... 把……和……连接/联系起来belinkedto/with 和……连接;和……有联系以练促学单句语法填空/单句写作①Thereissufficientevidenceindicatingthatthereisadirectlinkbetweenexposuretosunandskincancer.②InChineseculture,redisusuallylinkedto/withjoyandcelebration.(传统文化)

在中国文化中,红色通常与高兴和喜庆联系在一起。片段巩固用suspect;decline;blame;link完成“推荐信”片段写作提示:出现问题时怀疑别人→不应推卸责任,盲目相互指责→共同努力解决这些问题Whenproblemsoccur,weoftensuspectothers.Butweshouldnotdeclineresponsibilityandblameeachotherblindly.Let’slinkoureffortstosolvetheseproblemsandensurethesuccessofourproject.1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Mostfoodwebs,forinstance,consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.n.环,节②Policehavearrestedasuspectinaseriesofcasesinthecity.n.嫌疑人③Money,orloveofmoney,issaidtobetherootofallevil.n.起因,根源2.选出distant的汉语意思A.adj.遥远的;远处的B.adj.远房的C.adj.冷淡的 D.adj.久远的①However,afterIwenttohighschool,somehowIbecamedistantfromhim.(2022·全国甲卷)C②ItwasonlyafterafamilyconversationthatIfoundoutshewasactuallymydistantcousin.B③Lastsummer’sdroughtisadistantmemory.D④Lookingsoutheastwards,theycouldseethedistantmountains.A句型公式:be+过去分词+todosth课本原句:AlexandertheGreatandMarcoPoloweresaidtohavevisitedsuchatreeinIndia.据说,亚历山大大帝和马可·波罗在印度参观过这样的一棵树。佳句背诵Hisworksarethoughttoshowadeepunderstandingofmodernarchitecture.(人物介绍)人们认为他的作品表现出对现代建筑的深刻理解。He’sgenerallyconsideredtohavethefinesttenorvoiceinthecountry.(人物介绍)普遍认为他是全国最佳男高音歌手。本句中用了“主语+be+过去分词+todosth”句型,其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。该结构相当于“Itissaidthat...”。(1)主语+be+过去分词+tobedoingsth((2)用于本句型的动词还有think、believe、expect、report、consider、suppose等。以练促学单句写作/同义句转换①Thisbookisreportedtohavebeentranslatedintomanydifferentlanguages.

据报道,这本书已被翻译成了多种不同的语言。②ItisbelievedthattheEnglishshortfilmwillbenotonlymeaningfulbutalsointeresting.→TheEnglishshortfilmisbelievedtobenotonlymeaningfulbutalsointeresting.

③Itissaidthatcarbondioxideisheatingtheearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.→Carbondioxideissaidtobeheatingtheearthtwiceasquicklyaspreviouslyfeared.

维度一核心知识运用1.Habitatloss,pesticideuse,andclimatechangehavecauseddramaticdeclines(decline)inpollinatorpopulationsoverthepastcoupleofdecades,whichhasdamagedtheU.S.agriculturaleconomy.(2023·浙江1月卷)2.Tocalculateyourspeedasyoudo,divide3,600(thenumberofsecondsinanhour)bythenumberofsecondsittakesyoutotravelonemile[thedistance(distant)betweentwomileposts].(2023·浙江1月卷)3.ArtificialintelligencemaybeconsideredALife’scousininthatresearchersinbothfieldsareenamoredbyaconceptcalledopen-endedevolution(evolve).(2023·北京卷)4.Thesebiasedperspectivescannotbeblamedononesinglecause.(2023·北京卷)5.Goffin’scockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.(2022·全国甲卷)6.Itiscloselylinkedto/withthesteamage.(2022·浙江1月卷)7.Thishasbeenadoptedtoensureeasierdetection(detect)ofgasleaks.(2022·北京卷)8.Honestlyspeaking,weallsuspectedthelittleprincessofnottellingthetruthtous.9.Theservantdetectedthethiefinthecorneranddrovehimaway.10.Itshocksusthatthemaninquestionhasmadeacontributiontotheabstractart.维度二单句写作1.IhavetospendsomuchtimeonmyhomeworkthatIhardlyhavetimetodoexercise.(so...that...引导结果状语从句)

我不得不花很多时间做作业,以至于几乎没有时间做运动。2.Unfortunately,onreachingthehotel,Idiscoveredoneofmysuitcaseslostinthetaxi.(副词作状语)不幸的是,一到旅馆,我就发现我的一个手提箱落在出租车里了。3.Lastweek,agroupofforeignstudentscametoourschoolandexperiencedChineseteaculture,whichisthoughttobethesymbolofChineseculture.(be+过去分词+todosth)

上周,一群外国学生来到我们学校,体验了中国茶文化,这被认为是中国文化的象征。4.Iwasinformedthatmyschoolbagwasattheschool’sLostandFoundanditwasyouwhohadfoundmyschoolbag.(过去完成时)

我被告知我的书包在学校的失物招领处,是你找到了我的书包。5.Seeingthispositivechange,Jessicafeltencouragedthatherapproachhadmadeadifference.(过去完成时)

看到这种积极的变化,杰西卡受到鼓舞,因为她的方法已经产生了影响。维度三单元知识拾遗1.Thegiantdevicecan2.detectvariouscharacteristics.Itthen3.generatesusefulinformation.It’saremarkabletoolwithuniquecapabilities.

这个巨大的装置可以检测各种特征,然后生成有用的信息。它是一个具有独特功能的非凡工具。Ⅰ.话题下的应用文专练(短文投稿——介绍进化论的奠基人CharlesDarwin)你校英文报正在进行征稿活动,请你写一篇介绍某位名人的英语短文,刊登在校英文报People专栏,内容包括:(1)该人物的生平;(2)他的主要事迹;(3)你的评价。根据提示,利用本单元所学知识完成应用文写作第一步字斟句酌优化表达①英国生物学、地质学家查尔斯·达尔文是进化论的创始人。(geologist,evolution)CharlesDarwin,aBritishbiologistandgeologist,isthefounderofthetheoryofevolution.

②查尔斯·达尔文还没有从医学院毕业,就响应号召去访问遥远的国度。(分词的完成式作状语,answerthecall,distant)Nothavingcompletedhisdegreeinmedicalschool,CharlesDarwinansweredthecalltovisitdistantcountries.

③这使他成为全家人的耻辱。(disgrace)Itmadehimadisgracetoallthefamily.

④一到这个美丽的岛屿,他就对岛上土生土长的动植物产生了兴趣。(benativeto)Onarrivingatthebeautifulisland,hebecameinterestedintheplantsandanimalswhichwerenativetotheisland.

⑤他立即继续研究那些动植物的特性。(characteristic)Immediately,hewentonstudyingthecharacteristicsofthoseplantsandanimals.

⑥他甚至在卧室里放了一些样品。(sample,动词-ed形式作定语)Heevenhadsomesamplesplacedinhisbedroom.

⑦就在那时,他开始思考它们是如何从祖先进化而来的,这有助于他的进化论的产生。(evolve,ancestor)Justatthattimehebegantothinkabouthowtheyevolvedfromtheirancestors,whichcontributedtohistheoryofevolution.

⑧依我所见,达尔文的进化论对生物学发展以及其他学科领域产生了深远的影响和意义。AsfarasI’mconcerned,Darwin’stheoryofevolutionhashadaprofoundinfluenceandsignificanceonthedevelopmentofbiologyandotherdisciplines.

第二步恰当过渡完美成文(使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇)CharlesDarwin,aBritishbiologistandgeologist,isthefounderofthetheoryofevolution.Nothavingcompletedhisdegreeinmedicalschool,CharlesDarwinansweredthecalltovisitdistantcountries.However,itmadehimadisgracetoallthefamily.Onarrivingatthebeautifulisland,hebecameinterestedintheplantsandanimalswhichwerenativetotheisland.Immediately,hewentonstudyingthecharacteristicsofthoseplantsandanimals.Heevenhadsomesamplesplacedinhisbedroom.Justatthattimehebegantothinkabouthowtheyevolvedfromtheirancestors,whichcontributedtohistheoryofevolution.AsfarasI’mconcerned,Darwin’stheoryofevolutionhashadaprofoundinfluenceandsignificanceonthedevelopmentofbiologyandotherdisciplines.Ⅱ.话题下的续写能力提升(根据提示续写2场景)场景导语:和堂弟Isaiah一起钓鱼,“我”回想起了父亲教他钓鱼的情景→父亲曾是一名野生动物工作者,他热爱他的工作,尤其是可以保护自然不受人类侵害→瞥见潜鸟(loon),回想起父亲说它会伤人→看见潜鸟哀号着向“我们”游来,翅膀上有血迹,“我”认为是在向“我们”求救。场景续写1:“我”伸手去摸它的头,心跳加速→发现身上有钩子,脖子上缠着鱼线→感觉父亲似乎在场,鼓励“我”救助潜鸟→准备取出钩子Reachingdown,Itoucheditshead,myheartracing.Icouldseetherewasashinyredhookembeddedinitsbody,andthefishinglinewaswrappedtightlyarounditsneck.Leftlikethis,thelooncouldn’tsurvive.Itwasaskingustohelp!Butiffreed,woulditstabustodeathwithitsbeak?Ihesitated.SomehowIfeltmydad’spresence,“Jacob,thebirdwon’thurtyou.Itneedsyourhelp.Bebrave!”Takingadeepbreath,Iclosedmyeyesforasecondtocalmmyself.“Isaiah,goandgrabthescissorsfromthefishingtacklebox,”Isaidfirmly.SoonhecamebackwiththetinypairofscissorsandIbentdowntopickuptheloon.

场景续写2:“我”很害怕,Isaiah就用剪刀把鱼线剪掉→“我”和Isaiah两人把潜鸟身上的钩子取下来→潜鸟被释放→它用翅膀拍打水面,似乎在表示感谢→“我们”内心充满了成就感Afraid,Ihelditoutatarm’slength,andIsaiahcutawaythefishinglineusingthescissors.Luckily,theloonwassilentandthingswentwell.“Nowtakeoutthehook,Isaiah.Hurry!”“Allright!Iwill.”Isaiahbitonhislowerlip.Slowly,hisslimfingersworkedtoloosenthehookandpulleditout.Finally,theloonwasfreed.IsaiahandIbreathedasighofrelief.AsIsetitdownonthewater,itslappeditswingsdownslightlyonthesurfaceofthelake,seemingtobesaying,“Thankyou,boys.”Bigsmilesformedonourfaceswithasenseofaccomplishmentfilledwithourhearts.Idecidedtoprotectwildlifelikemyfatherandfeltitourdutytoprotectnature.

课时作业Ⅰ.阅读理解Mymotherdiedofbreastcancerwhenshewasmerely50in1970.Afterwards,thecommentrepeatedmostoftenwas:“You’llneedtobecarefulfortherestofyourlifebecauseitmayhavebeenpassedtoyou.”In1994,thefirst-everbreastcancergenetestingarrived.Ijumpedrightintoitandthetestwasnegative.I’mthankfulforthesciencethathasgivenmethispreventivescreening(筛查).Goodforme,butisitgoodforeveryone?Here’sthecatch.ResearchongeneticdiseasehasbeenbasedmostlyonEuropeanpeople,likeme.Thesamewenttothemappingofthehumangenes.Theproblemisthatweknowlittleabouthownewtreatmentsmightworkforpeopleofotherraces.Ifwediversifypatientsinclinicaltrials,wecanrealizethepromiseofpersonalizedmedicineforeveryone,notjustwhitepatients.Facedwiththeunfairphenomenoninmedicalresearch,whatshouldwedotoresolvetheproblem?

Notonlydoweneedmorediversepopulationsparticipatinginresearch,butwealsoneeddiversityamongbiomedicalresearchersandmedicalprofessionalstomakeefforts.Thatmakesresearchstrongerandbuildstrustwithdiversecommunities.Amedicalteamisworkingonthisnow.Theyarebuildingadiversenextgenerationofgeneeditingresearchersbyteachinghighschoolandcommunitycollegestudentsfromdifferentbackgroundsaboutpromisingtechnologieslikegeneeditingtoencouragethemtobecomefutureresearchers.Thissortofeducationaloutreachcanalsohelptobuildtrustinthemedicalandresearchcommunities.Theteamleader,JohnCooper,PhD,hasbeenoutspokenaboutthecurrentinequalitiesofdeliveringnewtechnologiestoallpeopleatafaircost.Numerousscientistsandmedicalleadersareworkingtochangethesituation.Whilesciencewasn’tyetfarenoughalongtosavemymother,Ihaveharvestedthebenefitsofadvancedresearchandsoshouldweall.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要从遗传病研究主要针对欧洲人的体质特点这一问题出发,从公平性的角度探讨医学研究的进步所产生的种族偏见问题及解决方案。1.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph1?A.Toexplainthecauseofhermother’scancer.B.Toshowherconcernsovermedicalinequalities.C.Toindicatethesideeffectsofgenetictesting.D.Toemphasizetheprogressinthemedicalfield.答案B[推理判断题。第一段内容,尤其是本段末句“Goodforme,butisitgoodforeveryone?”表明作者对医疗不公平问题的担忧。故本段的作用是提出问题,引出下文。故选B项。A项“解释母亲患癌的原因”,C项“暗示基因检测的副作用”,D项“强调医学领域的进展”。]2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thecatch”inparagraph2referto?A.Apreviousstudy. B.Anurgentappeal.C.Anunderlyingissue. D.Aworkablesolution.答案C[词义猜测题。根据下一句的内容可知,下文会对遗传病的研究主要基于欧洲人的体质特点。这一问题进行具体解释。人类基因图谱的绘制也是这样。因此问题的关键就是我们几乎不知道新的治疗方法如何对其他种族的人起作用。由此可推知,画线词的意思与C项“潜在的问题”最为接近,故选C项。]考情速递猜测熟词在语境中的含义本题考查画线词thecatch的用法,属于对熟词在语境中具体意义的理解和猜测,与2024年新课标Ⅱ卷第32题考查角度(Inthewronghands)和2023年全国乙卷的34题(conversation)一致。同学们需要结合具体语境作出合理猜测。3.Whatmightenablenewtreatmentstobenefitall?A.Conductingresearchongeneticdiseases.B.Deliveringspeechestointerestedstudents.C.Buildingconfidenceinpotentialmedicalresearchers.D.Popularizingtechnologiesinvariouscommunities.答案D[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Theyarebuilding...toencouragethemtobecomefutureresearchers.”可知,通过培养不同背景的学生成为未来的新兴科技研究人员以推广技术,是让新治疗方法惠及千家万户的一种途径,即在各种不同的群体中普及技术。故选D项。A项“在遗传病方面进行研究”,B项“对感兴趣的学生发表演讲”,C项“为未来的医学研究人员增强信心”。]4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheadvancedresearch?A.Supportive. B.Dismissive.C.Opposed. D.Impartial.答案A[观点态度题。根据第一段中的“I’mthankfulforthescience”和最后一段中“Ihaveharvestedthebenefitsofadvancedresearch”可知,作者的态度是支持先进科学研究的。故选A项。B项“轻蔑的”,C项“反对的”,D项“公正的”。]In1986,KingCharlessuggestedtalkingtoplants,athoughtinitiallymockedbutnowsupportedbyevidencethatplantscandetect,reactto,andpotentiallyproducesound.Sinceplantshavebeenevolvingalongsidetheinsectsforhundredsofmillionsofyears,HeidiAppel,abotanistandReginaldCocroft,anentomologistwonderedifplantsmightbesensitivetothesoundsmadebyinsects.Theresearchersrecordedthevibrations(震动)fromcaterpillars(毛虫)astheychewedonleaves.Thentheplantswereexposedtotherecordedvibrationswhilenocaterpillarswereactuallypresent.Theresultswerestriking.Leavesthathadbeenexposedhadsignificantlyhigherlevelsofdefensivechemicals,makingthemmuchharderforthecaterpillarstoeat.Theresearchmayhavepracticalconsequences,suchasusingdronesarmedwithspeakerstowarncropsofpestthreats,offeringanecofriendlyalternativetochemicalpesticides.FurtherstudiesbyecologistMonicaGaglianorevealthatplants,likepeaplants,can“hear”waterthroughsound,withrootsrespondingtowater-relatedvibrationsevenwhenthewaterisinaccessible.Thisfindingcouldhaveimplicationsforpreventingdamagetosewer(下水道)systemscausedbyplantroots.Theassumptionhadbeenthatitwasleaksthatattractedtheroots.Thesolution,shesays,mightbetoinvestinpipesthataresilentaswaterrunsthroughthem.Additionally,thestudybytheteamatTelAvivUniversityrevealedthatplantsunderstress,duetofactorslikeinsufficientwaterorphysicaldamage,makehighfrequencysounds,whichcanbedetectedeveninnoisyenvironments.Thisopenspossibilitiesforusingmicrophonestomonitorplanthealthinagriculture,potentiallyaidingfarmersinidentifyingandaddressingcropissues.Despitesomequestionsremainingtobesolved,thesefascinatingdiscoveriescastnewlightonplants’abilitytoperceiveandrespondtosoundsintheirenvironment.Plantsliveinaworldfullofsoundsduetohumancivilization,anditisworthinvestigatingthisinterestingaspect.PerhapsresearchersmightevenseekfundingfromKingCharles.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要从Charles国王1986年曾遭受调侃的与植物交谈这一想法出发,探讨当下研究表明的植物与声音存在的相互联系。5.WhatwastheoriginalreactiontoKingCharles’ssuggestion?A.Ambiguous. B.Favourable.C.Indifferent. D.Opposed.答案D[推理判断题。根据第一段的“In1986...athought,initiallymocked”可知,Charles国王的建议最初被人们嘲笑,即被当时的人们反对。故选D项。A项“模棱两可的”;B项“支持的”;C项“漠不关心的”。]6.WhatpracticalresultmaytheresearchbyHeidiandReginaldleadto?A.Introducingdroneswithspeakerstofarmers.B.Applyingchemicalstoenhanceplantgrowth.C.Stimulatingplantstoreleaseanti-pestchemicals.D.Developingnewtypesofprotectivepesticides.答案C[推理判断题。根据第二段的“Leavesthathadbeenexposedhad...alternativetochemicalpesticides.”可知,Heidi和Reginald的研究可以得出一种新的保护植物的方法,即通过特定的声音刺激植物,让植物自身释放抗虫害化学物质。故选C项。]7.Whyisemployingsilentpipessuggested?A.Toreducenoisepollution.B.Toprotectsewersystems.C.Toimprovewatertransportation.D.Toattractplantrootstoaccessiblewater.答案B[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thisfindingcouldhaveimplicationsfor...aswaterrunsthroughthem.”可知,植物的根系会对下水道系统造成损害,而Monica的发现表明,购入在水流经过时保持静音的管道或许能解决该问题。由此可知,使用静音管道是为了保护下水道系统。故选B项。]8.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?P:paragraph.答案C[写作手法题。文章第一段总体提出现在有证据表明,植物可以探测声音、对声音做出反应并可能产生声音;第二、三、四段介绍三个研究作为证据;最后一段总结全文:这些发现使人们进一步了解植物感知环境中的声音并对声音做出反应的能力。所以文章为总分总结构。故选C项。]考情速递结构图入题本题考查对文章结构的理解,四个选项均以结构图的形式呈现,创新了考查内容和考查方式。同学们需要结合文本特征,判断每段的段落主旨,然后分析段落之间的逻辑关系,构建整篇文章的结构。其次同学们需要读懂选项结构图,与文章结构进行正确匹配。本题综合考查了同学们“读”和“看”的能力。Whydowefinduglyanimalssoappealing?Andwhatmakesodd-lookingcreaturessocute?Evolution(进化)playsarole.AccordingtoAustrianzoologistKonradLorenz,humanattractiontochildishfeatures,suchasbigeyes,largeheadsandsoftbodies,isevolutionaryadaptationthathelpsensurethatadultscarefortheiryoung,guaranteeingthesurvivaloftheirspecies.Odd-lookinganimalssuchasblobfish,pugs,andbulldogsallsharethesechildishqualitiesthatinitiateanaffectionateresponseamonghumans.Andthesechildishcharacteristicsincreaseaperson’s“protectivebehavior,attentionandwillingnesstocare”fortheindividualandreducethe“likelihoodofattackstowardsachild”,saysMartaBorgi,aresearcher.Uglyanimalsoftenhaveothervalue—some,liketheblobfishorthenakedmolerat,liveinextremeenvironmentsthattheyhaveadaptedtoinremarkableways.Scientistsarekeentostudytheseanimalstounderstandwhethertheirbiologymightprovidefreshinsightsthatcouldleadtotreatmentsforhumanhealthconditionssuchascancer,heartdiseaseandotherdeadlydiseases.Ourfascinationwithugly-cuteanimalscanalsobetracedbacktoculturally-basedcauses.“Theugly-cutethingisveryfashionable,”saysRowenaPacker,alecturerofanimalbehavior.“Thisispartlydrivenbysocialmedia,withmanyinfluentialpeopleshowingoffpetpugsandFrenchbulldogsontheInternet,”shesays.Buttherearesomeseriouswelfareconcernsaroundthistrend.Vetsareurgingpeoplenottochooseaflatfaceddog,becausetheysufferfromserioushealthproblems.PugsandFrenchbulldogswhichhavebeenselectivelyproducedexperiencebreathingdifficulties,repeatedskininfectionsandeyediseases.Wemaywanttorethinkourlovefor“ugly-cute”animalsbecauseoftheirsillyfeatureslikeprotruding(鼓出的)eyesandwrinklyfaces.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要通过引用几位研究员的调查结果,从进化角度、社会文化角度和生存角度阐述人类喜爱“丑萌”动物的原因。9.WhydopeoplelikeuglyanimalsaccordingtoKonradLorenz?A.Peopleappreciatetheireffortstosurvive.B.Peopleappreciatetheirsuperadaptability.C.Peopleareattractedbytheirchildishlooks.D.Peoplearefondoftheirfastresponsespeed.答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Evolution(进化)playsarole...isevolutionaryadaptation”和“Odd-lookinganimals...sharethesechildishqualities”可知,KonradLorenz认为人们之所以被吸引,是因为这类丑动物孩童般的特征。由此可知,人们喜爱丑动物的原因是被它们孩童般的外表所吸引。故选C项。]10.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whatmediaarechangingpeople.B.Howpublicpracticesinfluencepeople.C.Whethersocialmediaisworthbelieving.D.Whycelebritiesshowofftheirpetanimals.答案B[段落大意题。第四段第一句话指出人类对“丑萌”动物的喜爱也有文化方面的原因。下文具体阐述社交媒体这一大众媒介对流行文化的推动作用。由此可推知,本段主要讲述公众的活动如何影响人们对“丑萌”动物的看法。故选B项。]11.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspeople’sloveforuglyanimals?A.Opposed. B.Supportive.C.Indifferent. D.Cautious.答案D[观点态度题。文章第二至四段分别从进化角度、生存角度和社会文化角度阐述了人类喜爱“丑萌”动物的原因,但作者在文章最后两段从动物的健康角度对人类这种对“丑萌”动物的喜爱提出了建议和提醒。由此可推知,作者对人们喜爱“丑萌”动物的态度是十分谨慎的。故选D项。A项“反对的”;B项“支持的”;C项“不关心的”;D项“谨慎的,小心的”。]12.Howdoestheauthormainlyanswerthequestionsraisedinparagraph1?A.Byquotingdifferentresearchers’findings.B.Byshowingsomeexamplesofkeepingpets.C.Byobservingpeople’sbehaviortowardsanimals.D.Byreferringtoauthoritativeevolutionarytheory.答案A[写作手法题。根据第一段的问题可以将答案定位到第二段中的“AccordingtoAustrianzoologistKonradLorenz”和“saysMartaBorgi,aresearcher”以及第四段中的“saysRowenaPacker,alecturerofanimalbehavior”。几处都是研究人员的调查发现。故选A项。B项“通过展示一些养宠物的例子”;C项“通过观察人们对动物的行为”;D项“通过查阅权威的进化理论”。]Ⅱ.七选五ColourOfTheSeason:SkyBlueBringtheoutdoorsintoyourhomethisyearwiththecolouroftheseason:skyblue.Thistimelesshue(色彩)workswellthroughoutthehome,whetherit’stolightenupahallwayoraddasenseofcalmtoabedroom.1.Fromwallpainttofurniture,cushions,andbedding,peoplearefullyembracingthiscolourtrend.JohnLewishasreportedonlinesearchesfor“skyblue”areup137percentcomparedtothistimelastyear,withbluefurnishingsprovingtobepopularbuys.2.

Bigonblue,colourspecialistMelanieArchersharesherinteriors(室内装饰)expertise,fromwhyweshouldadoptthebluetrendtohowwecaneasilyintegrateitintoourhome.Blueisabrilliantinteriorcolour;itcomesinawiderangeofshadesandworkswelllayeredintoexistingschemestogiveafr