2020-2021学年黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三十二中学高二下学期期末考试英语试题 解析版

黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三十二中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题一、阅读选择Danceisoneofthemostnaturalformsofhumancommunication.Inmanycultures，dancehasbothhistoricandculturalsignificance，whichiscommunicatedthroughlearnedgesturesandexpressions.Here'sabitmoredetailaboutthreeoftheworld'smostbeautifuldances.Kathakali(卡塔卡利舞)Kathakaliisthemostwell­knowndancedramafromthesouthIndianstateofKerala.Itisastorytellingdance，duringwhichperformersuseavarietyofgestures，andeyeandfacialexpressionstocommunicatemeaning.Costumes，hairstyles，facepaintandjewelryalsoholdspecificmeaningintheperformanceofkathakali.Thereareninefacialexpressionsusedtoexpressfeelingsrangingfromsadnessandangertocuriosityanddisgust.Throughtheirexpressions，itshouldbecompletelycleartotheviewerwhattheperformerisintendingtoconvey.TangoThedancehasitsrootsinanAfricanslavedancecalledcandombe，whichisalsoatypeofmusic.Onecomponentofacandombeperformanceisapartnereddance，whichhasovertimedevelopedintothemoderntango.Ifyoucankeepyoureyesononepartofthetango，justfocusonthedancers'legsandfeet.Thetangoistypicallyperformedlowtotheground，withbothperformers'dancestepsoftentakingplaceatthesametime.It'scomplexandcommunicative.FlamencoOneofthemostinterestingfactsabouttheflamencoisthatitbeganasasong.Overtime，flamencodevelopedtoincludeitsnow­famouspassionate(热情的)accompanyingdance.Oneofthekeycomponentsoftheflamencoispalmas.Itmaylooklikesimple，rhythmic(有节奏的)clapping，butpalmasareperformedatdifferentspeedsandstrengths，anditisimportantthattheflamencodancerunderstandhowtomakeuseofhisorherhandsaspartoftheperformance.1．Whatissospecialaboutkathakali?A．ItcamefromAfrica.B．Itfocusesonromance.C．Itrequiresspecificcostumes.D．Itaimstotellastorybydancing.2．Whatdeservesyourattentioninatango?A．Thedancers'eyecontact.B．Thedancers'legsandfeet.C．Thedancers'armsandhands.D．Thedancers'facialexpressions.3．Inwhichdancedoesdancers'clappingplayanimportantrole?A．Kathakali. B．Flamenco.C．Tango. D．Candombe.【答案】1．D2．B3．B【分析】本文是一篇说明文。作者在文中介绍了世界上三种最优美的舞蹈：卡塔卡利舞、探戈舞和弗拉门科舞。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段对Kathakali的介绍“Kathakaliisthemostwell­knowndancedramafromthesouthIndianstateofKerala.Itisastorytellingdance，duringwhichperformersuseavarietyofgestures，andeyeandfacialexpressionstocommunicatemeaning.Costumes，hairstyles，facepaintandjewelryalsoholdspecificmeaningintheperformanceofkathakali.(卡塔卡利是印度南部喀拉拉邦最著名的­舞蹈。这是一种讲故事的舞蹈，表演者使用各种手势、眼睛和面部表情来传达意义。服装、发型、脸部彩绘和珠宝在卡塔卡利的表演中也有特殊的意义)”可知，卡塔卡利舞是一种讲述某一个故事并且用丰富的面部表情和手部动作，结合华丽的服饰和妆容来表达各种各样的情感的舞蹈，因此推知这种舞蹈的特殊之处是它的目的是通过舞蹈讲故事。故选D。2.细节理解题。根据第三段对Tango的介绍“Ifyoucankeepyoureyesononepartofthetango，justfocusonthedancers'legsandfeet.(如果你能把注视探戈的一部分，只需专注于舞者的腿和脚。)”可知，在探戈舞中，值得你关注的是舞蹈者的腿脚。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第四段的“Oneofthekeycomponentsoftheflamencoispalmas.Itmaylooklikesimple，rhythmicclapping，butpalmasareperformedatdifferentspeedsandstrengths(弗拉门戈舞的关键组成部分之一是掌舞。它看起来像简单、有节奏的拍手，但掌舞以不同的速度和强度表演)”可知，弗拉门科舞的一个关键要素就是有节奏的拍手。故选B。Adrowningboywasrescuedbyagroupofbeach­goerswhoformedahumanchaintodraghimfromthepowerfulsurfyesterday.JoshuaMcQuoid,12,fromNapier,NewZealand,waspaddlingwhenhewasknockedoffhisfeetandpulledintotheseabythestrongundertow(潜流).HisfriendHikiroaRatapuraisedthealarmbutthecurrentwassostrongthatrescuers,ledbyaGermantouristandtwopolicemen,werealsorepeatedlyknockeddown.Anothersevenpassers­byjoinedtherescue.TheyheldhandstoformahumanchainsotheywerefinallysteadyenoughtoholdontotheschoolboyandpasshimontothebeachatNapier'sMarineParade.Joshuawasunconsciouswhenhewasfinallyrescuedfromthewaterandwasgivenfirstaidonthesand.HewasthentakentoHawke'sBayHospitalanddischargedlaterthatday.NapierConstablePaulBaileytoldthelocalnewswebsitethattheboywouldhavedrownedifhehadnotbeenabletopassthechildalongthehumanchain.HesaidatonestageJoshuabecamelostinthesurfandhadbecomea“deadweight”.ButthewavesluckilyknockedtheschoolboyagainstMr.Bailey'slegssohewasabletograbhim.Hetoldthewebsite,“Thenwesawthehumanchainthey'dformedandIwasabletopasshimover.”Hisfatherthankedeverypersonwhohelpedsavehisson'slifeduringaninterviewwithRadioNewZealand.Thevideoofthetouchingrescueeffortfilmedbyayoungbystanderhasalreadybeenviewedhundredsoftimesafterbeingpostedonline.Joshua'smotherKathKurualsoshowedherheartfeltthankstoallthosewhohelpedrescuehim.4．HowmanypeopleofferedtohelpJoshuaoutofthesea?A．10. B．11. C．12. D．13.5．AccordingtoPaulBailey,________.A．hefoundJoshuabyaccidentB．hemadeachaintosaveJoshuaC．JoshuacamebacktolifeinhospitalD．Joshuaaskedpeopletoofferinstanthelp6．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．Joshuawenttothebeachalone.B．Manypeoplejoinedintherescue.C．Joshua'sfatherwasinterviewedagain.D．Joshua'sparentsshowedthankstoalltherescuers.7．Howdopeoplemostprobablyknowabouttherescue?A．Byvisitingthewebsite.B．Bylisteningtoaspeech.C．Byreadingthenewspaper.D．BywatchingaTVprogram.【答案】4．B5．A6．D7．A【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述小男孩Joshua在海边玩耍时不慎被海浪卷入大海，附近的人手拉手连成串把他救了出来。Joshua的父母对救援人员表达了感激之情。4．细节理解题。第二段最后一句“HisfriendHikiroaRatapuraisedthealarmbutthecurrentwassostrongthatrescuers,ledbyaGermantouristandtwopolicemen,werealsorepeatedlyknockeddown.(他的朋友HikiroaRatapu发出了警报，但水流太猛，以至于由一名德国游客和两名警察组成的救援人员也多次被击倒)”和第三段第一句“Anothersevenpassers­byjoinedtherescue.(另外7名路人也加入了救援行动)”可知，文章提到救Joshua的有他的一个朋友、一个德国游客和两个警察，后来又有七个路人参与救援，这样总共是11个人把他从海里救到岸上。故选B。5．推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“ButthewavesluckilyknockedtheschoolboyagainstMr.Bailey'slegssohewasabletograbhim.(但幸运的是，海浪把这个男孩撞到了Bailey先生的腿上，这样他才能抓住他)”可推知，Bailey是偶然发现Joshua的。故选A。6．细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Hisfatherthankedeverypersonwhohelpedsavehisson'slifeduringaninterviewwithRadioNewZealand.(他的父亲在接受新西兰广播电台采访时感谢了每一个救过他儿子生命的人)”和最后一句“Joshua'smotherKathKurualsoshowedherheartfeltthankstoallthosewhohelpedrescuehim.(Joshua的母亲KathKuru也对所有帮助营救Joshua的人表示了衷心的感谢)”可知，Joshua的父母对救援人员表达了谢意。故选D。7．推理判断题。第四段“PaulBaileytoldthelocalnewswebsitethattheboywouldhavedrownedifhehadnotbeenabletopassthechildalongthehumanchain.”和第五段“Hetoldthewebsite,“Thenwesawthehumanchainthey'dformedandIwasabletopasshimover.””都提到PaulBailey在事后接受了当地新闻网站的采访，最后一段第二句提到救援视频上传到网络上后受到了人们的关注。由此可推知，人们最有可能通过访问网站了解到这条关于救援的新闻。故选A。“HowmuchmoneyamIgettingthisyear?That’sthequestionIaskmymomeveryFebruary.Andeveryyearshereplies，”Youwillsee”inherChineseaccent.FebruaryusuallymarksthemonthoftheNewYearaccordingtotheChinesecalendar.Butforme,ChineseNewYearisapayday.UsuallyIreceiveredenvelopes(“hongbao”)whicharetheequivalent(同等物)ofChristmaspresents.Insteadofwonderingwhatthepresentwillbe,itistheamountofmoneyinsidethatisthemystery.Ialwayshavetowaitweekstofindouthowmuchmoneymyparentshaveinstoreforme.IneverknewhowthetraditionsofChineseNewYearderived,_andInevergaveitmuchthought,untilmymomforcedmetoattendaspecialChineseschoolwhereIlearnedabouttheoriginsofthetraditionsbehindthefamouscelebrationandhadaknowledgeofhowthehangingofredlanternsorfireworksdeveloped.Butbeforethat,theonlypartoftheholidaythathadeverconcernedmewasthe“hongbao”andasselfishasitmaysound.ButnowChineseNewYearisawonderfulholidayformenotbecauseofthe“hongbao”，buttheprofoundChinesecultureIhavelearnedfromthespecialschool.TheexcitementthatcomeswithexpectingChineseNewYearisoneIwillnevergettiredof.WhiletherealcelebrationsaretakingplaceinChina,myfamilyholdsitsowntraditions.IcanalwayscountonmymomtomakedeliciousChinesefoodeveryyear,andthereisconsolation(安慰)inknowingthatasmysistersandIopenour“hongbaos”，ourcousinssomanymilesawayaredoingthesame.8．WhatdidtheauthorcareaboutmostonChineseNewYearatfirst?A．Theamountofmoneyshereceived.B．Thetraditionsbehindthecelebration.C．VariousactivitiesduringChineseNewYear.D．Thepresentsthatherparentswouldgiveher.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“derived”inPara.3probablymean?A．Worked. B．Continued.C．Began. D．Changed.10．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor’smom?A．ShehasastrongfeelingtowardsChina.B．SheknowslittleaboutChinesetraditions.C．Shealwaysgivesherchildrenalotofmoney.D．Shetendstosurpriseherchildrenonwesternfestivals.11．What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．NewYearHongbaoB．MyMomandChinaC．CloserAttachmenttoChinaD．UnforgettableMoments【答案】8．A9．C10．A11．C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者喜欢过新年，并介绍了中国新年的具体情况。8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Insteadofwonderingwhatthepresentwillbe,itistheamountofmoneyinsidethatisthemystery.”与其想知道礼物会是什么，不如说是里面的钱是多少。可知作者最开始在新年最关心的是她收到的钱的数量。故选A项。9．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Inevergaveitmuchthought,untilmymomforcedmetoattendaspecialChineseschoolwhereIlearnedabouttheoriginsofthetraditionsbehindthefamouscelebrationandhadaknowledgeofhowthehangingofredlanternsorfireworksdeveloped.”我从来没有想过，直到妈妈强迫我上一所特殊的中国学校，在那里我了解了著名庆典背后的传统起源，并了解了悬挂红灯笼或烟花的方式。可知我曾经并不了解中国新年的起源。“derived”意思是起源，开始，A.Worked工作：B.Continued继续；C.Began开始：D.Changed改变。结合选项翻译可知，C项切合语境。故选C项。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“IcanalwayscountonmymomtomakedeliciousChinesefoodeveryyear”我总是可以指望我妈妈每年做美味的中国菜。可知此处意在表明妈妈对中国有强烈的感情。故选A项。11．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“WhiletherealcelebrationsaretakingplaceinChina,myfamilyholdsitsowntraditions.”当真正的庆祝活动在中国举行时，我的家人拥有自己的传统。以及“thereisconsolation(安慰)inknowingthatasmysistersandIopenour“hongbaos”，ourcousinssomanymilesawayaredoingthesame.”这是一种安慰，因为我知道当我的姐妹们和我打开我们的“红包”时，我们相隔甚远的堂兄也在做同样的事情。结合全文理解，可知文章主要讲述了我们一家人与中国亲密的联系。“与中国紧密的联系”最适合作文章标题，故选C项。【点睛】Peopleenjoytakingtrips.Butwhatarereasonstheyleavehome?Onereasonisforeducation.Peopletravelbecausethewanttobroadentheirhorizon(视野)tolearnaboutotherpeopleandothercultures.Whenpeopleareonatrip,theygetaquicklookatdifferentwaysofliving.Evenashortlookatanotherkindoflifestyleisanimportantlesson.Whentravelling,apersoncanlearndirectlybyvisitingmuseumsandhistoricspots(景点).Whatdoesatouristlearnwhoseestheartsmuseums,visitthehistoricalplacesandotherscenicspotsinParisandshopsalongtheRiverSeine?Helearnsabouttheirattitudesandhowtheyfeelaboutbusiness,beautyandhistory.WhataboutthetravelerwhogoestoHongKong?Doeshegetthesameinformationthathecouldgetfromabook?HemightreadthatHongKongisacrowedthatthereislessthan200squaremetersofspaceforeachperson.Butseeingandfeelingthelackofspacewillimpresshimmuchmore.Hemightreadthattherearenearly200vehicles(交通工具)foreverykilometerofroadway.Butthesightofsomanyvehiclesparkedalongtheroadsidewouldbeamuchmorevividlesson.ThetravelertoHongKongwillneverforgetthecontrast（对比）:thestraightvertical(垂直的)linesoftallmodernbuildingsandthemovinglinesofboatthatpeoplelivein.12．Whydopeopleleavehometotravelaccordingtothepassage?A．Foreducation. B．Foradventure.C．Toenjoythemselves D．Tolookforadifferentlifestyle.13．WhatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutParis?A．IthasalargepopulationB．IthasmanytoweringbuildingC．Thereare200vehiclesforeverykilometerofroadwayD．Therearemanymuseumsandpalaces.14．WhatimpressionwillatravelergetofHongKong?A．Ithasmanybigandbeautifulparks.B．Itisacityofcontrast.C．Ithasmanyhistoricalsites.D．Itisanimportantindustrialcenter.15．Whatdoesthepassagetellusabouttravelling?A．Itmakesourlifemoreinteresting.B．Itenablesustogetfirst-handknowledge..C．Ithelpsdevelopourpersonalities.D．Itbringsaboutchangesinourlifestyles.【答案】12．A13．D14．B15．B【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人们去旅行的意义。人们喜欢旅行，他们离开家去旅行的原因是他们想拓宽自己的视野、了解其他人和其他文化。当人们旅行时，他们会快速观察不同的生活方式，从而学到平时课本上无法获得的知识。12．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Butwhatarereasonstheyleavehome?Onereasonisforeducation.”（但他们离开家的原因是什么呢？其中一个原因就是为了教育）可知，人们离开家去旅行是为了教育。故选A。13．推理判断题。根据第一段的“Whatdoesatouristlearnwhoseestheartsmuseums,visitthehistoricalplacesandotherscenicspotsinParisandshopsalongtheRiverSeine?”（一个在巴黎参观博物馆、参观历史名胜和其他景点、在塞纳河岸的商店购物的游客，会学到什么呢？）可推知，巴黎有很多博物馆和名胜古迹。故选D。14．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“ThetravelertoHongKongwillneverforgetthecontrast（对比）:thestraightvertical(垂直的)linesoftallmodernbuildingsandthemovinglinesofboatthatpeoplelivein.”（到香港的游客绝不会忘记对比：垂直的现代建筑和人们居住的移动船屋）可知，到香港的游客会对这个城市强烈的对比印象深刻。故选B。15．主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段的“Onereasonisforeducation.Peopletravelbecausetheywanttobroadentheirhorizon(视野)tolearnaboutotherpeopleandothercultures.Whenpeopleareonatrip,theygetaquicklookatdifferentwaysofliving.Evenashortlookatanotherkindoflifestyleisanimportantlesson.Whentravelling,apersoncanlearndirectlybyvisitingmuseumsandhistoricspots(景点).”（其中一个原因就是为了教育。人们旅行，因为他们想要拓宽自己的视野，去了解其他人和其他文化。当人们旅行时，他们可以快速看到不同的生活方式。即使短暂地看一眼另一种生活方式，也是很重要的一课。当旅行时，一个人可以直接通过参观博物馆和历史景点进行学习）可知，本文主要告诉读者，旅行让可以人们获得第一手知识。故选B。二、七选五七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Areyouafraidofmakingmistakes?Learntoacceptmistakesasopportunities,thenyou’llfeellessstressedandfearfulandyou’llbemoreconfident.__16．_______Sowhatshouldyoudo?17．_________Acceptthatyou’rehumanandthateachofuswillmakemistakes.18．_________Ifyouareopentolearningfromyourmistake,youwillbeabletomoveonratherthanwallowingin(沉湎于)regret.BeawareInotherwords,lookforareasofimprovement.Beawareofwhatyouaredoing,whyyouaredoingit,howyoufeel,andhowyoumakeothersfeel.Sometimes,yourwordsjustdon’tlandrightoryousaysomethingbutitisnotwhatyoumeantosay.Peoplehavedifficultyexpressingwhattheyreallymean.19．_________20．_________Wheneveryoumakeamistakeoryouareinvolvedinamisunderstanding,takeresponsibility.Thereisalwayssomethingtobelearnedorimprovedeveniftheotherpersoniswrong,too.A．Bybeingfullyawareofhowyouimpactothers,youkeepanopenstateoflearningwhichallowsyoutopracticebeingabetterperson.B．Beopentomakingmistakesandconsiderthemasopportunitiestolearnvaluablelifelessons.C．Herearesomeideasthatcanpreventyoufrommakingmistakes.D．Beopentomakingmistakes.E.Inshort,youwillbenefitfromthemistakes.F.Sayyourwordsagainsothatotherscanunderstandyou.G.Acceptfullresponsibility.【答案】16．E17．D18．B19．A20．G【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了我们应该如何积极地看待犯错误。16．空前说学会把错误当作机会，这样你就不会感到压力和恐惧，也会更加自信，这些都是正确看待错误能够给你带来的好处，此处总结上文，故选E（简言之，你将从错误中受益）。17．空后说每个人都会犯错误，这说明只要是人就会犯错，因此不要害怕犯错误，故选D（对犯错持开放态度）。18．空后说如果你愿意从错误中吸取教训，你将能够继续前进，而不是陷入悔恨之中，这说明不要怕犯错误，要把它们当作是学习的机会，故选B（对犯错误持开放态度，并将其视为学习宝贵人生经验的机会）。19．空前说有时候，你的话不正确，或者你说了一些话，但不是你想说的。人们很难表达他们真正的意思，此处承接这一话题，说的是通过积极地影响别人来完善自己，故选A（通过充分意识到你是如何影响他人的，你就保持了一种开放的学习状态，这让你能够练习成为一个更好的人）。20．空后说无论何时你犯了一个错误，或者你都卷入了一场误会，承担责任，因此此处说的是要敢于担当，故选G（承担全部责任）。三、完形填空Somepeoplecomeintoourlivesforareason.Theycometohelpusthroughupsanddownsandtoprovideuswithguidanceandsupport.Iamluckytomeetsuchone.Thecanteenwascrowdedwithsummercampersfromhighschoolsacrossthecity,allextremely21afteraday'sactivities.Ispottedanemptyplaceandwalkedthere.JustasIputmytray(餐盘)down,Ifeltaknockagainstmyback.Thetray22onthetableandthesoupspitallovermycampshirtandjeans.AndIheardaburstof23.Iwastooannoyedtorespondandjustwalkedawaytochangemy24.Thenextmorning,weweregatheringforrollcall(点名)25Isawthesameboycomerunning,hisunbuttonedshirtflyingbehindhim.Beforehecouldslideintoplace,hewas26bythecampmanager.Asa27forbeinglate,hewasmadetodoahundredpush-ups.AsIwalkedpasthimlater,I28aloudlaugh.Inthefollowingthreedaysawarofwordswasonbetweenmeandthewild-hairedboy,whosename,Ifoundout,wasBen.Amountainhikemarkedthelastdayofthecamp.Onthewayback,Ifoundmyselfleftfarbehindmyteam.Soon,theywereoutof29.ThecampsitewasalongwayawayandIwasgetting30aseveningfell.Iriskedtakingashortcut,but31,Itrippedoffthepathand32rightdowntheslope(斜坡).Fortunately,myfallwasstoppedbyabunchofbamboo.Iwasabouttenmetersbelowthe33.TherewasnowayIcouldclimbuptheslope,asevidentlyIhadmyankle34.Aftermakingseveralvainattempts,Iwaited35.ItgotdarkandIsathere.inhorriblepain.Itfelt36thewholeskywasfallingapartonme.Then,Isawafaintlight,andheardavoicecallingoutmy37.MyeyeslitupandIstartedscreamingoutloudforhelp.Afigurecamealong,sawmetherecryingandrushedrightovertome.ItwasBen.He38thecampmanagerandkepetmecompanyuntil39came.Thenextday,aswewereboardingthebuseshome,Bencameupandgavemeaknowingsmile.Thewild-hairedboyturned40tobemyangelindisguise.21．A．curious B．hungry C．amazed D．injured22．A．packed B．buried C．carved D．dropped23．A．energy B．laughter C．anger D．speed24．A．pants B．diet C．clothes D．plate25．A．as B．when C．before D．until26．A．spotted B．preferred C．attracted D．honored27．A．punishment B．arrangement C．movement D．document28．A．cutout B．workout C．letout D．makeout29．A．sight B．style C．struggle D．supply30．A．annoyed B．addicted C．anxious D．amazed31．A．actually B．obviously C．usually D．suddenly32．A．slid B．leaned C．trapped D．skied33．A．track B．crack C．brick D．trap34．A．removed B．shot C．burnt D．injured35．A．creatively B．hopelessly C．awkwardly D．confidently36．A．evenif B．asif C．onlyif D．whatif37．A．power B．focus C．goal D．name38．A．impressed B．admired C．contacted D．identified39．A．rescue B．stress C．effort D．death40．A．up B．around C．out D．in【答案】21．B22．D23．B24．C25．B26．A27．A28．C29．A30．C31．D32．A33．A34．D35．B36．B37．D38．C39．A40．C【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了我在夏令营中遇到一个令人讨厌的人，我们嘲笑彼此。后来，我在一次远足中遇险，正是这个讨厌的人救了我，成了我的守护天使。21．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：食堂里挤满了来自全城各所高中的夏令营学员，在一天的活动之后，他们都非常饿。A.curious好奇的；B.hungry饿的；C.amazed吃惊的；D.injured受伤的。根据下文“afteraday'sactivities”，再结合常识可知整天的活动后，学员们都很饿。故选B项。22．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：托盘掉在了桌子上，汤溅在我的衬衫和牛仔裤上。A.packed包装；B.buried埋葬；C.carved刻；D.dropped掉落。由下文“soupspitallovermycampshirtandjeans”（我的露营衬衫和牛仔裤上都是汤）可知，托盘是掉了。故选D项。23．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我听到一阵笑声。A.energy能源、精力；B.laughter笑声；C.anger生气；D.speed速度。结全上文我掉了托盘，弄脏了衬衫和牛仔裤可知，我是遭到了嘲笑。故选B项。24．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我太生气了，没有打理，只是走开换衣服。A.pants裤了；B.diet饮食；C.clothes衣物；D.plate盘子。根据上文“soupspitallovermycampshirtandjeans”可知我需要更换衣物。故选C项。25．本题考查语境判断之逻辑连接词。句意：我们正集合点名时，我看见那个男孩跑了过来。A.as当……的时候；B.when当……的时候；C.before在……之前；D.until直到……。“…bedoing…when…”为固定搭配，表示“正在……这时……”。故选B项。26．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他还没来得及就位，营地管理员就发现了他。A.spotted看见；B.preferred更喜欢；C.attracted吸引；D.honored尊敬。由下文“doahundredpush-ups”男孩受到处罚可知他被营地管理员发现迟到。故选A项。27．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：作为迟到的惩罚，他被罚做一百个俯卧撑。A.punishment惩罚；B.arrangement布置；C.movement运动；D.document文件。由下文“doahundredpush-ups”可知男孩受到处罚。故选A项。28．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：后来当我经过他身边时，我大笑了一声。A.cutout切断；B.workout解决；C.letout发出、放出；D.makeout理解。根据上文“Isawthesameboy”可知我知道他就是在食堂嘲笑我的男生，因此我在这里用同样的方式“报复”他。故选C项。29．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：很快，他们就不见了。A.sight视野；B.style风格；C.struggle挣扎；D.supply供给。根据上文“Ifoundmyselfleftfarbehindmyteam.”可知我被远远地抛在了队伍后面，跟不上，所以看不到他们。故选A项。30．本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：营地离得很远，夜幕降临时，我开始焦虑起来。A.annoyed生气的；B.addicted上瘾的；C.anxious焦虑的；D.amazed吃惊的。上文我看不到队伍，现在天色又变暗，根据常识可知我会变得焦虑。故选C项。31．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我冒险选择了一条捷径，但突然我从路上摔了出去。A.actually实际上；B.obviously显而易见；C.usually通常；D.suddenly突然。根据“Itrippedoff”可知我想走捷径，但摔倒了，这种事故属于意料之外，突然发生的。故选D项。32．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我从小路上绊了一下，顺着斜坡滑了下去。A.slid滑；B.leaned靠；C.trapped诱骗；D.skied滑雪。根据下文“downtheslope”可知我是沿斜坡往下，因此用动slid。故选A项。33．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我在小路下面大约十米的地方。A.track小路；B.crack裂纹；C.brick砖；D.trap陷井。根据上文“Itrippedoffthepathand____12____rightdowntheslope.”我摔出小路，然后从斜坡滑下，可知现在应该在小路下面。故选A项。34．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我无法爬上这个斜坡，因为很明显我的脚踝受了伤。A.removed移除；B.shot射击；C.burnt燃烧；D.injured受伤。句中as（因为）表示前后有因果关系，无法爬回去，因为脚踝受伤。故选D项。35．本题考查语境判断之感情色彩。句意：在几次徒劳的尝试之后，我绝望地等待着。A.creatively创造性地；B.hopelessly无助地；C.awkwardly尴尬地；D.confidently自信地。根据上文“Aftermakingseveralvainattempts”可知我已经尽力，只能“Isathereinhorriblepain.”，可以感受我的无助。故选B项。36．本题考查语境判断之逻辑连接词。句意：感觉整个天空好像就要塌在我身上。A.evenif即使；B.asif好像；C.onlyif只有；D.whatif如果怎样。根据上文“ItgotdarkandIsathereinhorriblepain.”可知到我的无助与痛苦，因此会有好像天要塌在身上的感受。故选B项。37．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这时，我看到微弱的灯光，听到一个声音在叫我的名字。A.power权力；B.focus焦点；C.goal目标；D.name名字。根据下文“MyeyeslitupandIstartedscreamingoutloudforhelp.”可推断我听到有人叫我名字我才做出回应。故选D项。38．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他联系了营地经理，一直陪伴着我，直到救援到来。A.impressed给……深刻印象；B.admired钦佩、羡慕；C.contacted联系；D.identified影响。根据上文可知thecampmanager是营地负责人，当然要联系thecampmanager。故选C项。39．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他联系了营地经理，一直陪伴着我，直到救援到来。A.rescue救援；B.stress压力；C.effort努力；D.death死亡。根据上文“He____18____thecampmanagerandkeptmecompany”可知他联系了thecampmanager然后我一起等救援。故选A项。40．本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：那个披散头发的男孩原来是我的隐藏天使。根据上文可知，到最后我才发现一个我讨厌的人居然成为了拯救我的人。这种转变是意想不到的，turnout(结果是……)。故选C项。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.Areyoufacingasituationthatlookingimpossibletofix?In1969,thepollutionisterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland,Ohio.It41．(be)unimaginablethatitcouldbeeverbecleanedup.Therivewassopollutedthatit42．(actual)caughtfireandburned.Nowyearlate,thisriveisoneof43．mostoutstandingexamplesofenvironmentalcleanup.Butriverwasn’tchangedinafewdays44．evenafewmonths.Ittookyearsofwork45．(reduce)industrialpollutionandcleanthewater.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris46．(clean)thanever.Maybeyouarefacinganimpossiblesituation.Maybeyouhaveahabit47．isdrivingyourfamilycrazy.Possiblyyoudrinktoomuchordon’tknowhowtocontrolyourcreditcarduse.Whenyoufacesuchimpossiblesituation,don’tyouwantaquickfixandsomethingtochangeimmediately?Whilethereare48．(amaze)storiesofinstanttransformation,formostofusthe49．(change)aregradualandrequirealotofeffortandwork,likecleaningupapollutedriver.Justbe50．(patience)【答案】41．was42．actually43．the44．or45．toreduce46．cleaner47．that/which48．amazing49．changes50．patient【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文中论述了当人们遇到看起来不可能做的事情时应该怎样做呢？本文以花费多年时间解决河流污染为例来告诫我们：当我们面临貌似不可能改善的情况时，一定要有耐心，变化是循序渐进的，是需要付出很多努力的。41．考查时态。句意：无法想象它会被清理干净。根据上文提到的事是1969年的事情，所以这里应该用一般过去时，故填was。42．考查副词。句意：这条河污染严重，甚至着火燃烧了。设空处修饰动词caught和burned，所以要用副词形式actually，意为“事实上，实际上”，故填actually。43．考查冠词。句意：现在已经晚了一年，这条河成为了最杰出的环境清理范例之一。设空处后面是最高级，所以应填定冠词the，故填the。44．考查连词。句意：但是这条河流不是在几天或者甚至几个月内被改变的。设空处前后为并列短语，表示选择关系，故填or。45．考查不定式。句意：花费了多年的工作来减少工业污染和净化河水。Ittake/took(sb.)sometimetodosth．做某事花费(某人)多长时间，为固定句式，故填toreduce。46．考查形容词的比较级。句意：最后，辛苦的工作得到了回报，现在河水比以前的干净多了。根据句中比较级的标志词than可知，该空应用比较级，故填cleaner。47．考查定语从句。句意：可能你有一种让你家人发疯的习惯。根据句子结构可知，该空应是定语从句的引导词，先行词是ahabit，引导词在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。48．考查形容词。句意：虽然有一些令人吃惊的快速改观的故事，但是对我们大部分人来说，变化是循序渐进的，并且也是需要很多努力和工作的。设空处修饰表示“事物”的名词stories，应该用形容词形式，amazing(令人吃惊的)，故填amazing。49．考查名词。句意：同上。定冠词the后面应该填名词，根据be动词are和require可知应是名词的复数形式，故填changes。50．考查形容词。句意：要有耐心。此处be动词后面应是形容词作表语，故填patient。五、短文改错51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Mr.Johnsonisahardworkingteacher.Everyday,hespendstoomuchtimewithhiswork.Withlittlesleepandhardlyanybreak,soheworksfrommorningtillnight.Hardworkhavemadehimveryill.“Hehasruinedhishealthy.Weareworriedabouthim.”Thatiswhichotherteacherssay.Yesterdayafternoon,IpaidvisittoMr.Johnson.Iwaseagertoseehim,butoutsideherroomIstopped.Ihadtocalmmyselfdown.QuietlyIstepintotheroom.Isawhimlyinginbed,lookingatsomeofthepicturewehadtakentogether.Iunderstoodthathemissedusjustasmanyaswemissedhim.【答案】【分析】本文讲述了作者去看望辛勤工作劳累过度而病倒的老师时，看到老师在病床上看我们照片，明白了老师和学生思念老师一样在思念学生们。【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：每天，他在工作上花费太多的时间。spend...on…为固定搭配，意为“把…花费在....”。因此with→on。2.考查单句的结构。因为with短语做的是伴随状语，后面是简单句，不需要有连词so。所以把so去掉。3.考查主谓一致。句子主语是hardwork，是单数，谓语动词应用单数形式。因此have→has。4.考查形容词。句意：他毁了他的健康。因为前面有物主代词his，应该修饰名词，而healthy是形容词，所以healthy→health。5.考查表语从句。句意：这是其他老师说的话。本句是表语从句，表语从句中的say缺少宾语，指物，意为……的话”,此时应该用what，而which“哪一个”，一般指有范围中的哪一个，不合适，改成what，所以which→what。6.考查固定搭配。句意：昨天下午，我拜访了约翰逊先生。payavisitto…为固定搭配，意为“拜访…”，因此在pay和visit之间加a。7.考查人称代词。本句应该是在约翰逊老师的房间外面，约翰逊，男名，所以改成his。因此her→his。8.考查时态。句意：我渴望见到他，但在他房间外，我停了下来。我必须冷静下来。句中前面有时间状语yesterdayafternoon，所以step→stepped。9.考查名词的单复数。someofthe+复数名词，所以picture→pictures。10.考查固定短语。句意：我知道他想念我们就像我们想念他一样多。asmuchas和…同样地，修饰动词表程度。many→much。【点睛】引导名词从句中的what和which的区别：what和which都可以引导名词性从句。但他们在句子中的语法功能截然不同。1.What在名词从句中有词义，作成分，一般是“…的东西/事情/话等”，不能省略。1)Thisiswhatshewantedtoshowus.这是她想让我们看的东西。2）Whatweshoulddohasbeendone.我们应该做的事已经做了。what在句中引导表语从句，在句中有词义，意思是“……的东西、事情，不能省略”。3.which可以引导名词性从句，它与what一样要在从句中充当成分。what与which的一般区别为当指代没有范围的事物时用what,指代有范围的事物时用which。1)Idon'tknowwhatyouwanttoc