高考英语二轮教师用书第1部分专题4模式1有提示词-1

专题四语法填空最易得分的题型，但要求扎实的基础知识[2017年全国卷考情导向](对应学生用书第40页)模式1|有提示词[命题角度]动词的时态和语态非谓语动词形容词转换副词形容词、副词的比较级名词、代词的数和格词汇派生考查动词八种时态和语态的基本构成形式。考查动词的­ing，­ed形式和不定式形式。考查形容词后加­ly或­ily变为副词。考查形容词、副词变为比较级的基本构成形式。考查单数名词变成复数名词的基本构成形式。考查加前缀或后缀转化而来的派生词。[考题感悟]1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)However,be(care)nottogotoextremes.careful[考查派生词。be后应接形容词作表语，故填careful。]2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe(introduce)ofelectric­poweredenginesandlifts.introduction[考查派生词。冠词后表示“介绍”应用名词形式，故填introduction。]3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Shehasturneddownseveral(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.invitations[考查名词的数。several几个，其后的名词要用复数形式，故填invitations。]4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Whenfatandsalt(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.areremoved[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知此处用一般现在时，由于主语fatandsalt是复数概念，且与remove是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态，故填areremoved。]5．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16­year­oldSarahisnotspendinghalf­term(rest)．resting[考查非谓语动词。spendtime(in)doingsth.花费时间做某事，为固定搭配，故填resting。]6．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Even(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.worse[考查比较等级。even后应跟比较级，表示程度的加深，故填worse。]7．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.fairly[考查派生词。修饰形容词unpleasant应用副词形式，故填fairly。]8．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Theyarerequired(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.toprocesssb./sth.词。requiresb./sth.todosth.需要某人/物做某事，此处用了被动语态结构，所以用不定式作主语补足语，故填toprocess。]9．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow(be)oftenacceptable.is[考查主谓一致。本句的主语是动名词短语Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow，是单数，故谓语动词用is。]【导学号：】10．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)ItwasraininglightlywhenI(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.arrived[考查时态。由主句中的wasraining可知，这里使用一般过去时。]11．(2017·日照市一模)Everycountryhas(it)ownbanknotes,soitishardtosaywhichisthemostbeautifulone.its[考查代词的格。代词修饰其后的名词应用所有格形式，故填its。]12．(2017·南昌市三校联考)Hehadakeeninterestinsolvingproblems(meet)ineverydaylife.met[考查非谓语动词。此处met为非谓语动词作定语修饰problems，由于problems与meet为被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。]13．(2017·衡阳市模拟)Thefestivalisoneofthefour(large)iceandsnowfestivalsintheworld!largest[考查比较等级。此处表示四个最大的冰雪节之一，故填largest。]14．(2017·佛山一中模拟)FinallyIrefusedtoattendclasses，(shut)myselfinmyroomforhours.shutting[考查非谓语动词。此处逗号后应用现在分词短语作伴随状语，故填shutting。]15．(2017·太原五中检测)Ifyouhavetime,youshouldwitnessthetrue(beautiful)oftheChina'slandmark.beauty[考查派生词。形容词true修饰名词，表示“真正的美”，故填beauty。]16．(2017·潍坊实验中学模拟)Itisverydifficultforparentstodecidewhether(have)asecondchildornot.tohave[考查非谓语动词。decide后用“疑问词＋不定式”作宾语，故填tohave。]17．(2017·成都市模拟)Allinall,everystudentshouldbehave(he)andkeepawayfromviolence.himself[考查代词。behaveoneself为固定搭配，表示“举止规范”，故填himself。]18．(2017·湖南师大附中模拟)Long(consider)amasterpieceofChineseliterature,thenovelisgenerallyacknowledgedtobethepeakofChinesefiction.considered[考查非谓语动词。逗号后为句子的主体，逗号前应用非谓语动词作状语，consider与thenovel为被动关系，故用过去分词短语作状语。]【导学号：】19．(2017·包头市模拟)AsFatherandMotherthoughtitwasabigoccasionforme,theysuggestedI(hold)abirthdaypartyathometocelebrateit.(should)hold[考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时后面宾语从句的谓语动词应用(should)＋动词原形，故填(should)hold。]20．(2017·宝鸡市模拟)It'snaturalthatyoungpeopleareoften(fortable)whentheyarewiththeirparents.unfortable[考查派生词。根据句意，年轻人在父母面前应该是有所拘束，故此处加否定前缀表示“不舒服的”。][技法点拨]技法1当提示词为动词时，若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所填之词就是谓语动词，这时就要考虑时态、语态和主语的数。(2017·本溪市模拟)Mostplayersaretraded(trade)toanotherteamatleastthreetimesintheircareers.(2017·赤峰市模拟)Hewrote(write)thispostcardandsentittohislovelysisterNellinJanuary1916.技法2当提示词为动词时，若句子中已有谓语动词，又不是并列关系时，所填动词通常是非谓语动词，这时就要确定是动词­ing形式，­ed形式，还是不定式形式。(1)作目的状语只能用不定式的一般式，可位于句首或句尾。(2017·邯郸市模拟)Toovere(overe)theseshortings,BiShenginventedthemovabletypeduringtheyearsbetween1041and1048.(2017·绵阳市模拟)Today,manyscientistsgotheretostudy(study)itsresourcesandworktogetherforprogressandpeace.(2)作伴随状语一般用动词­ing形式。(2017·南昌市模拟)Chinawillallowallcouplestohavetwochildren，giving(give)upitsdecades­longone­childpolicy.(3)作介词的宾语一般用动词­ing形式。(2017·烟台市模拟)Meanwhile,themediaplaysamajorroleincreating(create)ahigherlevelofawarenessaboutblooddonation.(2017·马鞍山二中模拟)Buteverydriverwhostoppedtoexaminethenotedroveoffwithoutsaying(say)aword.(4)非谓语动词转化的形容词作定语或表语时，表示“令人……的”用动词­ing形式；表示“(感到)……的”用过去分词。(2017·日照市校际联合检测)TheteacultureofChinaisamazing(amaze)andhasalonghistory.(2017·长春外国语学校模拟)Manystudentsmayfeelstressed(stress)becauseoftheirparents.(2017·汕头市模拟)Igavehimaquickhugandwentbackintotheseatingarea,leavinghimwithasurprised(surprise)smile.技法3当空格后所给的提示词是名词，并且作主语或宾语时，通常考查其复数形式。(2017·漳州市八校联考)Chances(chance)arethatyouwillreceivethreedifferentanswers.(2017·南昌市三校联考)Asateenhelefthisfamily'sfarminsearchofbetteropportunities(opportunity)．技法4当空格后所给的提示词为动词，并且所填的词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常考查动词所派生出的名词。(2017·厦门一中模拟)Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseofachievement(achieve)．(2017·昆明市第一中学模拟)Onlyinthiswaycantheywinthefavorsandprotection(protect)fromtheirancestorsandtheGod.技法5当空格后所给的提示词是形容词，并且所填的词在句中作状语，通常考查该形容词派生出的副词。(2017·济南一中模拟)Crimesgouprapidly(rapid)duringthewinterandsummerholidayseasons.(2017·南昌二中模拟)Hiswordstouchedme,andIsuddenly(sudden)realizedthatfamily