Unit 4 Discovering Useful Structures 分层作业（解析版）

Unit4DiscoveringUsefulStructures习题检测单元语法1.Scientistshavewarnedthatcoralreefsarelikelytobecometheworld'sfirstecosystem__________(disappear)becauseofglobalwarming.2.___________(pay)forhercollegeeducation,shespenttwoyearsworkingasacleanerforarichfamilyinherneighbourhood.3.Inourschool,heistheonlystudent__________(attend)theimportantmeeting.4.Ourcommitteehasamajorrole__________(play)inmaintainingairandwaterquality.5.Onlywhenyoutryyourbestcanyouhaveachance__________(become)apromisingperson.6.Iamsurethenews__________(announce)atthemeetingtomorrowwillsurpriseallofyou.7.IthinkIwillfollowtheadvice__________(provide)andtrytostrengthenmymemory.8.Theexam__________(take)severalmonthsawayisofgreatimportancetoeverystudent.9.Asamatteroffact,theywereverysurprised__________(inform)ofthenews.10.Irushedtotheteachers'officetofindMrWang,only__________(find)itwasAprilFools'Day.【答案】1.todisappear2.Topay3.toattend4.toplay5.tobecome6.tobeannounced7.provided8.tobetaken9.tobeinformed10.tofind句型转换用省略句式完成句子1.Howbeautifultobetreatedlikeanormalchild.

被当作一个正常孩子对待是多么美妙的一件事呀。2.Iwouldratherstayathomethangotoseeafilm.

我宁愿待在家也不愿去看电影。3.AllIwantistogotoschoolandstudyhard.

我想要的就是上学,努力学习。4.Theonlythingyouhavetodoispressthebutton.

你唯一要做的事情是按按钮。5.Shewantstocomebutherparentswon’tallowherto.

她想来,可是她父母不会允许的。6.Openthedoor,please.

请打开门。7.Hewantstomoveabroadbuthisparentswonderwhy.

他想搬迁到国外但他的父母想知道为什么。8.Idon’tlikethewayyoulaughather.

我不喜欢你嘲笑她的方式。9.Ifnecessary,you’dbetterrefertothedictionary.

如果有必要,你最好查字典。10.Studyhardwhenyoung,oryou’llregret.

趁年轻要努力学习,要不然你会后悔的。语法填空While________(speak),makeconstanteyecontactbutdonotstarefixedlyattheinterviewer.【答案】speaking句意为：说话时，要不断进行目光接触，但不要目不转睛地盯着面试官。“说话时”可译为：Whileyouarespeaking；在状语从句中，从句的主语和主句的主语所指一致，且谓语有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词；本句的主句为祈使句，实际是省略了主语you，与从句主语是一致的。故填speaking。Whenthetwolovers,LiangShanboandZhuYingtai,firstmeet,themusicislightandpleasant,asif__________(whisper)totheaudience.【答案】whispering句意为：梁山伯和祝英台这对恋人初次见面时，音乐轻快悦耳，仿佛在向观众耳语。分析句子结构可知，此处考查asif引导的方式状语从句的省略，完整的从句为asifthemusiciswhisperingtotheaudience，从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，且从句主语与主句主语一致时，可省略从句的主语和系动词，保留现在分词。故填whispering。Filmhasamuchshorterhistory,especiallywhen__________(compare)tomusicandpainting.【答案】compared句意为：电影制作的历史要短得多，尤其是与音乐和绘画等艺术形式相比。分析句子结构可知，此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略。从句主语同主句主语（Film）一致，和动词compare之间是被动关系，即从句谓语为iscompared，根据状语从句可省略主语和be动词的原则，省略后为compared。故填compared。__________possible,Iwanttostaywithyouforever.【答案】If句意为：如果可能的话，我想永远和你在一起。分析句子结构可知，此处为省略结构ifpossible，意为“如果可能的话”，为状语从句ifitispossible的省略形式。故填If。Theglobalwarming,ifnotproperly__________(control),mightleadtomorenaturaldisasters.【答案】controlled句意为：全球变暖，如果控制不当，可能会导致更多的自然灾害。if引导的状语从句中，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，且主语与control构成被动关系。故填controlled。Heclearedhisthroatasif__________(say)something.【答案】tosay句意为：他清了清嗓子，像要说什么似的。asif引导的状语从句可用省略结构。当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，此处省略了hewas。故填tosay。TheexhibitionaboutTheBeltandRoadismoreinterestingthan__________(expect).【答案】expected句意为：关于“一带一路”的展览比预想的更有趣。than后完整的句子应是itisexpected，表示“展览比预想的那样更有趣”，当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句谓语含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词，由于展览是被预想，因此应用过去分词。故填expected。__________tired,wefeltexcitedtobeabletohelpothers.【答案】Though／Although／While句意为：尽管我们很累，但是能够帮助别人，我们感到很兴奋。分析句子结构和意思可知，上下文之间为转折关系，所以这里应用“虽然，尽管”对应的连词though／although／while，从句中省略了主语we和be动词were。故填Though／Although／While。Once___________(attach)totherail,thecarwillbecomeelectricallypoweredfromthesystem,andcontrolofthevehiclewillpasstoacentralcomputer.【答案】attached句意为：一旦连接到轨道上，汽车将由系统提供电力，并由中央计算机控制。此处是Once引导的状语从句的省略结构，从句的主语为thecar，与主句主语相同，thecar与attach之间为被动关系，从句谓语应为isattached，完整从句为Oncethecarisattachedtotherail。当状语从句和主句是同一主句且从句含义be动词时，从句可以省略主语和be动词。顾填attached。10.Misunderstandingsresultingfromlackofsocialcommunication,unless__________(handle)properly,mayleadtoseriousresults.【答案】句意为：由于缺乏社会沟通而产生的误解，除非处理得当，否则可能会导致严重的后果。unless引导的状语从句中，省略了misunderstandings和be动词，“误解”和“处理”之间是被动关系。故填handled.阅读理解InKansasCity,Missouri,acomputerhelpsfirefighters.Thecomputer,whichworksveryfast,hasinformationaboutallthe350,000streetaddressesinthecity.Withintwoorthreesecondsafteracallisreceived,thecomputerprovidesnecessaryinformationforthefirefighters.TheinformationisthensenttothembyradiofromthecomputercentreintheCityHall.Theexactplaceoftheburningbuildinganditssize,typeandanyotherdetailsarecleartothem.TheKansasCitycomputersystemalsohasamedicalrecordofeachofthecity’s900firefighters.Thiskindofinformationisespeciallyusefulwhenafirefighterisinjured.Withtheinformation,doctorsathospitalcantreattheinjuredfirefightersmorequicklyandeasily.Thefirefightersthemselvesgreatlyappreciatethecomputer’shelp.Theyknowaboutpossibledangeraheadofthemandcanprepareforit.Manytimesthecomputerinformationhelpstosavelivesandproperty(财产).Sometimesthelivesarethoseoffirefightersthemselves.MikeHoran,afirefightercaptain,says,“IfeelasifthecomputerisreadytohelpmeifIgethurt.”【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。主要讲的是在堪萨斯州,电脑不仅能够帮助消防员快速准确地灭火,电脑里各个消防员的病例更能帮助医生快速正确地治疗受伤的消防员。1.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthetext?A.LargeComputersinKansas,MissouriB.TheComputerHelpsFirefightersC.ImportantInformationforFirefightersD.TheSpeedoftheComputer【解析】选B。主旨大意题。本题要求选择最合适的标题,做这种题目时,一般应在首段或者尾段找答案。由文章第一句话InKansasCity,Missouri,acomputerhelpsfirefighters.可知,这篇文章主要是讲电脑帮助消防员的事情,故B项正确。2.WhatisthebestwayifyouwanttoknowtheinformationaboutthestreetaddressesinKansas?A.Toaskthefirefighter.B.Toaskthepoliceman.C.Tousethecomputer.D.Tousethemap.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文章第二句话Thecomputer,whichworksveryfast,hasinformationaboutallthe350,000streetaddressesinthecity.可知,电脑工作迅速,且掌握了堪萨斯州350000条街道的信息。所以,如果你想要了解这些街道的信息,最好的方式便是通过电脑了解。故C项正确。3.Thefirefighterscangetinformationaboutaburningplacewhichissentby______.

A.radio B.computerC.theCityHall D.thecentreofthecity【解析】选A。细节理解题。由文章第一段倒数第二句话TheinformationisthensenttothembyradiofromthecomputercentreintheCityHall.可知,电脑通过收音机将街道的信息发送给消防员,故A项正确。4.Whycandoctorstreattheinjuredfirefightersquicklyandeasily?A.Thehospitalhasaverygoodcomputer.B.Thefirefighterscanknowaboutpossibledangerearly.C.Thecomputercanprepareeverythingforthem.D.Medicalrecordsinthecomputerhelpthemalot.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第二段尤其是最后一句话Withtheinformation,doctorsathospitalcantreattheinjuredfirefightersmorequicklyandeasily.可知,医生能够快速和容易地治疗受伤的消防员,是由于电脑里有这些消防员的病例。故D项正确。完型填空Awisemanwaspassingthroughacity.Whilehewaswalking,he1acoinontheroad.Hepickeditup.Despitehissimplelife,hewassatisfiedandhehadnouseofthatcoin.So,heplannedtodonateit.2,throughoutthedayhedidn’tfindsuchaperson.Finally,hereachedthe3areaandspentanightthere.

Nextmorning,he4andwastoldthatakingwasgoingforhisinvasionofanotherstatewithhisarmy.Whenthekingsawthewiseman,he5hisarmytostop.Hecametothewisemanandsaid,“Iamgoingtobeatanother6.Thus,mystatecanbe7.Soblessmetobevictorious”.

After8,thewisemangavethecointotheking!Thekingwasconfusedwiththisbecauseheisalreadyoneoftherichestkings!He9asked,“What’sthemeaning?”

Thewisemanexplained,“Ifoundthiscoinyesterdayinyour10.ButIhadnouse.SoIhad11thatIwoulddonateit.Iwalkedaroundtilltheevening,butfoundnoonetodonateitto.

Everyonewaslivinga12life.Itseemedthattheyweresatisfiedwithwhattheyhad.Buttoday,thekingofthisstate,stillhasthedesireto13moreandisnotsatisfiedwithwhathealreadyhas.Ifeelyouare14thiscoin.”

Thekingrealizedhis15andgaveuptheplannedwar.

【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了一位不满足现状的国王在智者的点拨下,意识到自己的错误,放弃了计划中的战争。1.A.noticedB.lostC.spentD.dropped【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。noticed注意;lost丢失;spent花费;dropped投下。句意:当他走路的时候,他注意到路上有一枚硬币。由“Hepickeditup.”可知,他捡了起来,所以他注意到路上有一枚硬币,才会捡起来。故选A。2.A.Thus B.Besides C.However D.Therefore【解析】选C。考查副词辨析。thus因此;besides此外;however然而;therefore因此。句意:然而,他一整天都没有找到需要这枚硬币的人。由“hedidn’tfindsuchaperson”可知,前后语意转折。故选C。3.A.dining B.waiting C.walking D.resting【解析】选D。考查动名词辨析。dining进餐;waiting等待;walking步行;resting休息。句意:最后,他到了休息区,在那里过了一夜。由“spentanightthere”可知,他到了休息区。故选D。4.A.wokeup B.lookedupC.stayedup D.dressedup【解析】选A。考查动词短语辨析。wokeup醒来;lookedup抬头看;stayedup熬夜;dressedup打扮。句意:第二天早上,他醒来,被告知一个国王将要带着他的军队入侵另一个国家。由“Nextmorning”可知,他醒来,被告知一个国王将要带着他的军队入侵另一个国家。故选A。5.A.hoped B.allowed C.ordered D.advised【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。hoped希望;allowed允许;ordered命令;advised建议。句意:第二天早上,他醒来,被告知一个国王将要带着他的军队入侵另一个国家。国王看到了智者就命令军队停了下来。ordersb.todosth.“命令某人做某事”符合句意。故选C。6.A.tribe B.state C.city D.king【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。tribe部落;state国家;city城市;king国王。由上文“hisinvasionofanotherstatewithhisarmy”,可知,国王亲口告诉智者,自己要去攻打另一个国家,故选B。7.A.expanded B.respectedC.developed D.blamed【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。expanded扩大;respected尊重;developed发展;blamed责备。句意:他来到智者面前说:“我要打败另一个国家。因此,我的国家的疆土就可以扩大了。根据常识可以判断出,打仗是为了扩大本国的疆土。故选A。8.A.consulting B.thinkingC.chatting D.bargaining【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。consulting咨询;thinking想;chatting聊天;bargaining讨价还价。句意:智者想了想,把硬币给了国王。故选B。9.A.nervously B.curiouslyC.eagerly D.angrily【解析】选B。考查副词辨析。nervously紧张地;curiously好奇地;eagerly渴望地;angrily生气地。句意:他好奇地问:“这是什么意思?。国王很好奇,智者为什么会给他一枚小小的硬币。故选B。10.A.city B.palace C.house D.backyard【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。city城市;palace宫殿;house房子;backyard后院。句意:智者解释说:“我昨天在你的城市里发现了这枚硬币”。由上文“throughacity.”可知,智者在叙述捡硬币的地点。故选A。11.A.agreed B.announcedC.informed D.decided【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。agreed同意;announced宣布;informed告知;decided决定。句意:所以我已经决定要把它捐出去。由上文“heplanned”可知,智者已经决定要把它捐出去。故选D。12.A.happy B.hard C.convenient D.different【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。happy快乐的;hard困难的;convenient方便的;different不同的。句意:每个人都过着幸福的生活。由“butfoundnoonetodonateitto.”可知,智者并没有找到需要硬币的人。那是因为每个人都过着幸福的生活,不要这枚小小的硬币。故选A。13.A.defend B.gain C.earn D.borrow【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。defend防御;gain获得;earn赚钱;borrow借。句意:但是今天,这个国家的国王,仍然要获得更多的东西,并不