Unit 4 Reading and Thinking 分层作业（解析版）

Unit4ReadingandThinking习题检测用单词的适当形式完成句子AsfarasI'mconcerned,parentsshouldencourage__________(independent)intheirchildren.【解析】independence句意为：在我看来，家长应该促进孩子们的自立。设空处作encourage的宾语，应用名词。故填independence。Itisa__________(universe)truththattakingexerciseonadailybasisisofgreatbenefit.【解析】universal句意为：每天锻炼非常有益，这是一个普遍的真理。设空处修饰名词truth，作定语，应用形容词。故填universal。ThoughtheInternetisbeneficial,weshoulduseour__________(intelligent)andnotbeaslavetoit!【解析】intelligence句意为：虽然互联网是有益的，但我们应该利用我们的智慧，并且不应成为它的奴隶！设空处作use的宾语且空前有形容词性物主代词our修饰，应用名词。故填intelligence。JudgingfromBlake's____________(disappoint)look,hewasjustgivenaBashewashopingforanA.【解析】disappointed句意为：从布莱克失望的表情来看，他本来希望得到一个A的，结果却只得到了一个B。设空处作定语，修饰名词look，表示“失望的表情”，应用-ed结尾的形容词。故填disappointed。Theytendedtolosecognitive（认知的）functionsatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleast___________（mental）challengingjobs.【解析】mentally句意为：他们失去认知功能的速度往往比那些从事脑力挑战性最低的工作的人要慢得多。设空处修饰形容词challenging，故填副词mentally。Shewastiredofthelifeinthecountrysideanddesired____________(go)tothecity.【解析】togo句意为：她厌倦了乡村生活，渴望到城市去。desiretodosth为固定搭配，意为“渴望做某事”。故填togo。Allpassengers______________boardareexpectedtofastentheseatbeltswhentheplanetakesoffandlands.【解析】on句意为：飞机起降时，机上所有乘客都应系好安全带。onboard为固定搭配，在此处意为“在飞机上”。故填on。JadeRabbit_____________(launch)byChinalandedonthemoonsuccessfully.【解析】launched句意为：中国发射的“玉兔号”成功登陆月球。本题考查非谓语动词作定语。主语JadeRabbit和launch之间是逻辑上的被动关系，且根据句子后半部分得知，“玉兔号”已经被发射，因此应用过去分词作后置定语。故填launched。He____________(leap)forwardandcaughttheball.【解析】leapt／leaped句意为：他向前一跳，接住了球。本题考查时态。and连接两个并列的谓语动词，都用一般过去时。10.Mostparentsthinktheirapproachestoraisingchildrendifferentfrom___________oftheirparents.【解析】those句意为：大多数父母认为他们抚养孩子的方法与他们父母的方法不同。为避免重复，代指前文出现的approaches应用those。二、根据所给汉语提示填空1.Sendingpeopleintospace(把人送入太空)isnotaneasygoaltoachieve.

2.Wehavemadegreatprogress(取得很大的进步)intheareaofspaceexplorationinrecentyears.

3.Shedecidedtohelphimdespitethedifficulties(尽管存在困难).

4.Theyaredeterminedtogoabroad(下定决心出国).

5.Theactivitynotonlybroadensourhorizonsbutalsoenablesustounderstandourlifebetter(不但……而且……).

6.MoYanisthefirstChinesetowintheNobelPrize(第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国人).

7.Afterheleft,Ijusttriedtocarryon(继续)asnormal.

8.Havethepassengersgoneonboard(上船)?

9.TheyhavecometotheNorthAfricainthehopeoffindingtreasure(怀着寻宝的希望).

10.AnOlympicgoldmedalcanleadto(带来,导致)untoldrichesforanathlete.

三、课文改编填空Humanshavealwayslookedupatthestarsandwonderedaboutspace.1__________(determine)tomakeimportantdiscoveries,scientistsdesign2__________(vehicle)tocarryastronautsintospace.Inthemid-20thcentury,rocketsthatwerepowerfulenoughtoescapeEarth'sgravityweredeveloped,makingspaceexploration3__________reality.On4October1957,theUSSRsuccessfullylaunchedthefirstsatelliteintospace.In1961,YuriGagarinbecamethefirsthuman4__________(travel)intospace.20July1969wasa5__________(history)dayforspacetravel:AstronautNeilArmstrongwalkedonthemoon.Accidentsthatresult6__________thedeathsoftheastronautsstillhappen,despitescientists'effortstomakesurenothinggoeswrong.AlthoughChina'sspaceprogrammestartedlater7__________thoseofRussiaandtheUS,ithasmadegreatprogressinashorttime.In2003,YangLiweisuccessfullyorbitedEarthintheShenzhou5spacecraft,8__________madeChinathethirdcountryintheworldto9__________(independent)sendhumansintospace.China'sspaceprogrammehashadaverysuccessfulseriesoflaunchesandlandingsinrecentyears.Despitethedifficulties,thedesiretoexplorespacenever10__________(fade)away.ManycountrieshaveplanstofurtherexploreplanetslikeMarsandJuiter.Sothefutureofspaceexplorationremainsbright.【答案】1.Determinedbedeterminedtodosth意为“下定决心做某事”，为固定搭配，此处为形容词短语作状语。故填Determined。2.vehiclesvehicle为可数名词，此处表示复数含义，故应用复数形式。3.此处为“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，reality意为“事实”时为可数名词，此处表泛指，且reality的发音以辅音音素开头，其前应用不定冠词a。makesthareality意为“使某事成为现实”。4.totravel名词前有thefirst修饰，其后应用不定式作定语。5．historic设空处修饰名词，应用形容词形式，此处表示“历史上重要的”，故填historic。6.in7.than8．which设空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，代指前面整个主句。故填which。9．independently设空处修饰动词send，应用副词。10．fades设空处在此是谓语动词，fadeaway与主语thedesire之间是主动关系，根据语境可知，此处在陈述事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，故填fades。阅读理解A“Hello,Earth!Canyouhearme?”That’sthevoicemorethan400,000peoplereceivedrecently.ItwasfromPhilae,aspacevehiclethatlandedonacometin2014.However,itstransmissions(传送信号)backhomewentsilentsincethen.IttookalongtimeforPhilaetomakeitswayacrossthesolarsystemandreachcomet67P/C-G.ThespacevehiclegotthereaboardtheRosettaprobe(探测器),whichhasbeencirclingaroundthecometsincePhilaeseparatedfromitinNovember,2014.Philae’sjobwastocollectmaterialstostudythecomet’scomposition.Andforabouttwoandahalfdaysafterlanding,itdidjustthat,sendingtheinformationbacktoscientistsonEarth.ButPhilae’slandingonthecomet’sicysurfacehadnotbeensmooth.Whiletouchingdown,itjumpedupandendedupintheshadowofsomethinglikeahugerock.Philaerunsonsolarpower,buttherewasnolightintheplacewhereitlanded.Intheend,itfailedtowork.However,ascomet67P/C-Gmovedclosertothesun,moresunlightreachedthespacevehicle,allowingittopowerupandcomebackonline.PhilaethensentsomethingtoRosetta,whichpassedontheinformationbacktoEarth.“Weonlyreceivedtheinformationforabout85seconds,butthat’senoughtoletusknowitisaliveandwell,”saysStephanUlamec,whoworksfortheEuropeanSpaceAgency.“Wehopetoworkoutwhereitlandedexactlyonthe4-kilometer-widecomet.NowweplantochangehowRosettamovessothatPhilaecankeeponcommunicatingandreceivinginstructions.”【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲了彗星着陆器在登陆彗星失联后又获重生的太空探索故事。1.HearingPhilae’svoice,thosepeoplemusthavefelt______.

A.afraidB.calmC.excitedD.worried【解析】选C。推理判断题。由第一段中的“Philae...landedonacometin2014.However,itstransmissionsbackhomewentsilentsincethen.”可知,Philae于2014年着陆彗星后就失联了,所以当人们再次听到它传来的声音时一定很兴奋,故选C项。2.Accordingtothetext,Philae______.

A.wasdamagedwhenitlandedB.movedaroundcomet67P/C-GC.needslightandgastokeepworkingD.helpsscientistslearnaboutacomet【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段首句“Philae’sjobwastocollectmaterialstostudythecomet’scomposition.”可知,Philae的任务是帮助科学家们了解一颗彗星的相关情况,故选D项。3.WhatStephansaysinthetextsuggeststhat______.

A.RosettawillmovearoundanothercometB.PhilaewillcontinuetoworkforscientistsC.mostcometsareaswideasfourkilometersD.hewonderswhetherPhilaeisstillalive【解析】选B。细节理解题。由最后一段尾句“NowweplantochangehowRosettamovessothatPhilaecankeeponcommunicatingandreceivinginstructions.”可知,Philae将会继续为科学家们服务,故选B项。BOfalltheplanets,nonehascapturedtheworld’simaginationliketheMars.Itsreddishcolorandchangesinbrightnessovertimemaketheplanetanunforgettablesight.InCosmos,thetelevisionscienceseriesfromthe1980s,scientistCarlSagantalkedaboutsometraditionalideasabouttheMars.SomeoftheseideasarefromtheEnglishsciencefictionwriterH.G.Wells’TheWaroftheWorlds.OthersarefromthemistakenscienceofPercivalLowell,theAmericanastronomerwhobelievedintelligentbeingslivedontheMars.WellsdescribedMartiansasthreatening.Lowellimaginedthemasthehopefulengineersofgreatworks.CarlSagansaidthatbothideasinfluencedthepublicdeeply.Today,theMarscontinuestoexcitehumans—notastheobjectofsciencefictionbutofscientificstudy.Spacescientistshavecollectedawealthofinformationfromspacecraftthathaveorbited,landedonanddugintotheMartiansurface.TheSmithsonian’s“MarsDay”offeredachanceforpeopleofallagestotouchtheMars,oratleastapieceofit.AllisonandAlyciafromSilverSpring,Maryland,broughttheirchildren,Grace,Sam,RyanandEmma.TheyheardabouttheMarsanditsgeologyfromexperts.TheycouldseeatestversionoftheVikinglandersthatreachedtheMarsinJulyof1976.Theyalsosawmeteorites(陨星)knowntohavecomefromthered,orreddishplanet.Eight-year-oldSamlearnedthattheancientdescriptionoftheMarsasredisnotexactlyright.Hesaid,“It’sactuallyorangishmorethanredandit’salsokindofbrown,too.”Emmaissix.ShelearnedaboutthevolcanicactivitythathasshapedthesurfaceoftheMars.Shesaid,“TheclosestthingtotheMars—thestuff—isfromvolcanoesmostly.”“MarsDay”offeredAllisonandAlycia’schildrenachancetolearnmoreaboutaworldthattheyareverylikelytosetfootonwithintheirlifetimes.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,在火星日人们可以有机会对火星有更好的了解和认识。4.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.WhyMartianswereconsideredthreatening.B.WhytheMarshascapturedtheworld’simagination.C.WhatpeoplegenerallythoughtoftheMarsinthepast.D.HowH.G.Wellsgottheideaforhissciencefiction.【解析】选C。段落大意题。通读第二段可知,这一段主要是讲人们关于火星的一些传统认识,故选C。5.ItisimpliedinParagraph3that______.

A.today’sspacescientistsstillknownothingabouttheMarsB.today’sspacescientistsareveryinterestedintheMarsC.sciencefictionfilmsarenolongersetintheMarsD.spacescientistshaven’tmadeanyprogressinknowingtheMars【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Today,theMarscontinuestoexcitehumans—notastheobjectofsciencefictionbutofscientificstudy.Spacescientistshavecollectedawealthofinformation...”可推断,现在的航天科学家们对火星很感兴趣。故选B。6.Samwouldprobablyagreethat______.

A.theMarsisnotreallyredB.nometeoriteshavecomefromtheMarsC.theMarscannotbedescribedasalittlebrownD.theancientdescriptionoftheMars’coloristrue【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段“Hesaid,‘It’sactuallyorangishmorethanredandit’salsokindofbrown,too.’”可知,Sam认为火星并不是红色的,而是橘黄色甚至带点褐色。故选A。7.HowsoondoestheauthorthinkthathumanswillsetfootontheMars?A.Hethinksitmayhappenthisyear.B.Hethinksitwillalwaysremainadream.C.Hethinksitwillcometruewithinhundredsofyears.D.Hethinksitmayhappeninthefollowingdecades.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据末段中的“aworldthattheyareverylikelytosetfootonwithintheirlifetimes”可推知,作者认为人类在接下来的几十年内就有可能登上火星。故选D。五、阅读填句根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项.Planningatripabroadwithyourfamilyorfriendsthissummervacation?Hereareafewtraveltipsabouttravelabroaddo’sanddon’tstokeepyousafe.Ifyouwanttomakeyourtripsafeandeasy,planahead.1.Thelessyouhavetocarryaround,themorequicklyyoucanmove.Besides,planningaheadwillsaveyourtimeandmakesureyoudon’tmissbestthings.

2.Noonewantsbadthingstohappenbutyou’llfeelbetterwhenyou’rereadyforthemiftheydo.Whenyoutravelabroad,youareinaplaceyoudon’tknowwellandyoucanalwaysbeatarget,especiallyyourvaluables.Don’tkeeplargeamountsofcashinyourwallet.

3.Also,takecopiesofyourtraveldocumentswithyouandleaveyourpassportandotherimportantdocumentsinthehotel.

Nothingruinsatripfasterthantheunexpectedcrisis.4.Itwillinsureyourselfagainstunexpectedaccidents,soitisnecessarytobuytheinsurance.Butyouneedtobecarefulabouttheitemsinthecontract(合同),sothatyouknowwhatyouareandarenotcoveredforwhenyoubooktravelinsurance.

Whileenjoyingthemomentinthebar,becautiousandkeepaneyeonyourdrinkatalltimes.Besides,beingonholidaysdoesn’tmeanyouhavetherighttodowhatyouwant.5.Keepthesetipsinmindandmakethemostofyourtime.Havefunwit