决战阅读之说明文-现象说明类1 配套讲义（入门篇）

决战阅读之巅说明文1.0武林秘籍之现象解说1【Reading1:2019北京卷·D】阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。①Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld’soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.②Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms,thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue,dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean’sappearance.③Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface,wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie,theyburycarboninthedeepocean,animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean’swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrient.④StephanieDutkiewicz,ascientistinMIT’sCenterforGlobalChangeScience,builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃,itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters,suchasthoseoftheArctic,awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton,andtheseareaswillturngreener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging,”shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”⑤Andwhydoesthatmatter?Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean,Dutkiewiczsaid,“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.⑥Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable,buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.“It’llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange,”Dutkiewiczsaid,“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”1.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A.Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface. B.Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.C.Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms. D.Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?Sensitive. B.Beneficial. C.Significant. D.Unnoticeable.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem. B.Dutkiewicz’smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.C.Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.D.Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges. B.Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.C.Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans. D.Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.Step1:快速通读文章，完成下面的摘要，并找出对应的题目。一般特殊型说明文引言正文总结Step2:画出文章的思维导图，并找出对应的题目。Step3:采用“脱衣服”大法分析下列长难句，并把汉语意思写到横线上。1)Bytheendofthecentury,ifnotsooner,theworld’soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate,accordingtoanewstudy.___________________________________________________________________________________________2)Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas,whilereducingitinotherspots,leadingtochangesintheocean’sappearance.___________________________________________________________________________________________3)Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth,sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow,butalsonutrients.___________________________________________________________________________________________Step4:将以下单词与英文释义配对。tothrowbacklight,heat,soundtochangeorbedifferentaccordingtothesituationtothrowbacklight,heat,soundtochangeorbedifferentaccordingtothesituationafactoraneventinnatureorsocietytomakesth.happenorexistphenomenonreflectcreatevarytocontrolsth.bymeansofrulesachangeordevelopmenttowardssomethingnewordifferenttocontrolsth.bymeansofrulesachangeordevelopmenttowardssomethingnewordifferentprocessmanyinnumberaseriesofactionswhicharecarriedoutinordertoachieveaparticularresult2)manyinnumberaseriesofactionswhicharecarriedoutinordertoachieveaparticularresult3)trend4)multipleA)anevent,an