新概念英语第三册第一课【剪集】中英对照逐句讲解

新概念英语第三册第一课【剪集】中英对照逐句讲解课文Lesson1APumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮Pumasarelarge,cat-likeanimalswhicharefoundinAmerica.美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大动物,产于美洲。WhenreportscameintoLondonZoothatawildpumahadbeenspottedforty-fivemilessouthofLondon,theywerenottakenseriously.当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时,这些报告并没有受到重视。However,astheevidencebegantoaccumulate,expertsfromtheZoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,可是,随着证据越来越多,动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查,forthedescriptionsgivenbypeoplewhoclaimedtohaveseenthepumawereextraordinarilysimilar.因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。Thehuntforthepumabeganinasmallvillagewhereawomanpickingblackberriessaw‘alargecat'onlyfiveyardsawayfromher.搜寻美洲狮的工作是从一座小村庄开始的。那里的一位妇女在采摘黑莓时看见“一只大猫”,离她仅5码远,Itimmediatelyranawaywhenshesawit,andexpertsconfirmedthatapumawillnotattackahumanbeingunlessitiscornered.她刚看见它,它就立刻逃走了。专家证实,美洲狮非被逼得走投无路,是决不会伤人的。Thesearchproveddifficult,事实上搜寻工作很困难,forthepumawasoftenobservedatoneplaceinthemorningandatanotherplacetwentymilesawayintheevening.因为常常是早晨在甲地发现那只美洲狮,晚上却在20英里外的乙地发现它的踪迹。Whereveritwent,itleftbehinditatrailofdeaddeerandsmallanimalslikerabbits.无论它走到哪儿,一路上总会留下一串死鹿以及死兔子之类的小动物。Pawprintswereseeninanumberofplacesandpumafurwasfoundclingingtobushes.在许多地方看见了爪印,灌木丛中也发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。Severalpeoplecomplainedof‘cat-likenoises'atnightandabusinessmanonafishingtripsawthepumaupatree.有人抱怨说夜里听见了“像猫一样的叫声”；一位商人去钓鱼,看见那只美洲狮在树上。Theexpertswerenowfullyconvincedthattheanimalwasapuma,butwherehaditcomefrom?专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮,但它是从哪儿来的呢？Asnopumashadbeenreportedmissingfromanyzoointhecountry,由于全国动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮,thisonemusthavebeeninthepossessionofaprivatecollectorandsomehowmanagedtoescape.因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏家豢养的,不知怎么设法逃出来了。Thehuntwentonforseveralweeks,butthepumawasnotcaught.搜寻工作进行了好几个星期,但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。Itisdisturbingtothinkthatadangerouswildanimalisstillatlargeinthequietcountryside.想到在宁静的乡村里有一头危险的野兽继续逍遥流窜,真令人担心。关注剪集公众号,领取学习好资料。讲解1.Pumas

are

large,

cat-like

animals

which

are

found

in

America.美洲狮是一种体形似猫的大形动物,产自美洲。语言点1

which定语从句修饰animals.语言点2

cat-like是"n.+adj."结构的复合形容词,作定语,此类还有:lady-like女性化的,man-like男人般的,crystal-like水晶般的,baby-like婴儿般的,dog-like像狗一样的,steel-like钢铁般的,home-like像家一样的,angel-like天使般的,dream-like梦境般的。语言点3

large和cat-like都是描述型定语从句,修饰animals。选择合适的词翻译“大的”或“胖的”。修饰动物：fat,huge;修饰男人：strong,heavy；修饰女人：large,plump；修饰小孩：robust,chubby.语言点4在写作中模仿使用本句结构。例:Koalas

are

small,bear-like

animals

which

live

in

Australia.2.When

reports

came

into

London

Zoo

that

a

wild

puma

had

been

spotted

forty-five

miles

south

of

London,

they

were

not

taken

seriously.当伦敦动物园接到报告说,在伦敦以南45英里处发现一只美洲狮时,这些报告并没有受到重视。语言点1本句是一个由when引导的时间状语从句加that引导的分隔式同位语从句构成的复合句。语言点2

had

been

spotted(过去被发现)中spot用词独具匠心,强调在荒野"发现"美洲狮不容易。例句:I

finally

spottedjust

the

book

I

wantedin

the

bookstore.语言点3写作短语模板：take

sh.

seriously认真对待某事,take

sth.

easy轻松地做某事,takesb./sth.lightly小看某人/某事,be

unsympathetic

to

sth.对某事很冷漠,show

low

regard

to/for

sth.对某事不在意,be

indifferent

to

sth.对某事不感兴趣,be

not

interested

in

doing

sth.对做某事不感兴趣,take

one's

time

about

doing

sth.认真做某事。语言点4写作模板:例When

news

came

into

the

departments

concerned

that

bird

flu

had

beenspotted

30km

east

to

the

city,it

was

taken

seriously.3.However,

as

the

evidence

began

to

accumulate,

experts

from

the

Zoo

feltobliged

to

investigate,

for

the

descriptions

given

by

people

who

claimed

to

have

seenthe

puma

were

extraordinarily

similar.可是,随着证据越来越多,动物园的专家们感到有必要进行一番调查,因为凡是声称见到过美洲狮的人们所描述的情况竟是出奇地相似。语言点1本句包含了as'引导的时间状语从句,以及for引导的原因状语从句。最后是who

引导的定语从句,修饰people。语言点2写作短语模板：feel

obliged

to

do

sth.感到有必要做某事,it

is

necessary

for

sb

to

do

sth.某人有必要做某事,be

forced

to

do

sth.被迫做某事,feel/be

impelled

to

do

sth.感到有必要做某事（内因）,be

compelled

to

do

sth.被迫做某事（外因）语言点3写作模板:As

the

proof

began

to

gather,the

police

felt

obliged

to

interrogate

thissuspect

further,for

the

descriptions

given

by

people

who

claimed

to

have

seen

the

suspectwere

remarkably

similar.语言点4

claim

to

have

seen,声称看到过,to

have

seen是动词不定式的现在完成时结构,做claim的宾语。4.The

hunt

for

the

puma

began

in

a

small

village

where

a

woman

pickingblackberries

saw

'a

large

cat'

only

five

yards

away

from

her.语言点1

where引导定语从句,修饰village。语言点2搜索:hunt,search。语言点3

the

hunt

for

sb./sth.抓捕某人/某物。hunt

for

a

job找工作,Missing

Wanted寻人/寻物启事,People

Search/Wanted/Missing寻人,Wanted通缉。5.It

immediately

ran

away

when

she

saw

it,

and

experts

confirmed

that

a

pumawill

not

attack

a

human

being

unless

it

is

cornered.她刚看见它,它就立刻逃走了。专家证实,美洲狮非被逼得走投无路,是决不会伤人的。语言点1

when引导时间状语从句,and连接两个并列分句,第二个分句中的that引导宾语从句,说明confirm的内容,unless引导条件状语从句。语言点21）corner作动词常用于被动语态:sth./sb.

be

corned某人/某物被逼入绝境2)及corner搭配的介词at

the

corner

of

the

street在街道的拐角in

the

corner

of

the

room在房间的角落里on

the

corner

of

the

desk在桌子的一角语言点31)unless和if...not均表示否定的条件,一般可互换:Unless

you

have

more

pratice,youwill

fail

in

the

dtiving

test.=If

you

do

not

have

more

pratice,you

will

fail

in

the

dtiving

test.语言点4写作模板:The

teacher

told

him

that

he

would

never

pass

the

examination

unless

hestudied

hard.6.The

search

proved

difficult,

for

the

puma

was

often

observed

at

one

place

in

themorning

and

at

another

place

twenty

miles

away

in

the

evening.语言点1句子中含有一个for引导的原因状语从句。特别注意的是:地点状语at

one

place

和at

anotherplace,时间状语in

the

morning

和in

the

evening形成对照。语言点2

because和for的区别:because知道上的或自然的原因,语气较强,for多指逻辑上的判断。比较:Itmust

have

rained,for

the

river

is

so

high.He

must

be

at

home,for

the

light

in

his

room

ison.语言点3

twenty

miles

away做后置定语,修饰place。地点副词和时间副词做后置定语：the

houseahead前面的房子,the

conclusion

below下面的讨论,the

plan

last

year去年的计划。7.Wherever

it

went,

it

left

behind

it

a

trail

of

dead

deer

and

small

animals

likerabbits.语言点1

wherever引导地点状语从句。语言点2

where/wherever区别:where引导从句表示特定地点,而wherever引导从句表示非特定地点。比较下面两句:He

must

go

where

we

send

him.=He

must

go

to

the

place

where

we

send

him.He

must

go

wherever

we

send

him.=He

must

go

to

any

place

where

we

send

him.语言点3

it

left

behind

it

a

trail

of

dead

deer...这部分中,a

trail

of

dead

deer

and

small

animalslike

rabbits及behind

it形成倒装。一般而言,倒装的用法有两个作用:强调或平衡句子。本句是为了平衡句子。倒装是很重要的写作手法,在新概念英语系列中还有很多,例When

they

got

home,Jane

cookedtheir

dinner

in

the

microwave

oven

and

without

relising

it,cooked

her

fiance's

wallet

as

well.8.

Paw

prints

were

seen

in

a

number

of

places

and

puma

fur

was

found

clinging

tobushes.在许多地方看见了爪印,灌木丛中也发现了粘在上面的美洲狮毛。语言点1:句子结构分析:这是一个由and连接的并列句,意思层层递进,说明美洲狮逃遁的充分证据。Clingingto

bushes为现在分词短语,作主语puma

fur的补足语,补充说明主语的状态。例句支持:I

found

a

tagboard

clinging

to

my

luggage.

我发现我的行李上挂着一张标签纸。语言点2:作者接连列举了美洲狮身上的两种特有的东西,并使用了被动语态,完美地呈现了英语语言的特色。原文句子:Paw

prints

were

seen

in

a

number

of

places

and

puma

fur

was

found

clinging

tobushes.

对比:People

saw

paw

prints

in

a

number

of

places

and

found

puma

fur

linging

to

bushes.总结:可以看到,如果使用主动语态,则美感全无。例句支持:A

note

was

passed

up

to

the

speaker.有人给演讲者递上来一张纸条。

对比:Some

one

passed

up

a

note

to

the

speaker.(主动语态,强调"人",不突出"纸条"。)语言点3:由短语a

number

of还可以进一步引申出下面用于写作的短语:越来越多的(1)

an

increasing

number

of:An

increasing

number

of

students

have

realised

the

importanceof

English

application,越来越多的学生已经意识到了英语应用的重要性。

(2)

a

growing

number

of:Now,a

growing

number

of

Chinese

students

go

abroad

for

study.现在越来越多的中国学生去海外留学。9.

Several

people

complained

of

"cat-like

noises"at

night

and

a

businessman

on

afishing

trip

saw

the

puma

up

a

tree.有人抱怨说夜里听见了"像猫一样的叫声";一位商人去钓鱼,看见那只美洲狮在树上。语言点1:句子结构分析:这又是一个由and连接的并列句,再次递进说明判断美洲狮逃遁的另外两个充分的证据,介词短语on

a

fishing

trip作后置定语,修饰businessman。Up

a

tree作puma的宾语补足语。语言点2:此句中出现的cat-like

noises及本文第一句中cat-like

animals的用法有异曲同工之妙,cat-likeanimals强调美洲狮的体形,cat-like

noises则强调美洲狮的声音。不知不觉中,作者已经两次使用了比喻的修辞手法。语言点3:请注意一下句子中介词的特定用法:(1)

There

is

a

man

in

the

tree.树上有个人。(in

the

tree一般指外露的东西"在树上",如人,动物等,而不是树本身所长的东西。)

(2)

There

are

many

apples

on

the

tree.树上有许多苹果。(on

the

tree通常指树本身长出来的东西,如枝,叶,花,果等。)10.

The

experts

were

now

fully

convinced

that

the

animal

was

a

puma,

but

where

hadit

come

from?专家们如今已经完全肯定那只动物就是美洲狮,但它是从哪里来的呢?语言点1:句子结构分析:that引导宾语从句,指were

convinced的内容。But引导的分句及前面的分句形成转折并列关系,让抓美洲狮的过程变得更加扑朔迷离。语言点2:我们平时在写作时可以用believe,be

sure,confirm等词汇表达“肯定”,但是本文作者为什么不用这些词呢？原因在于这几个词汇的主管性都太强,而be

convinced则更注重客观逻辑推理。而本文第2段中给出了很多美洲狮出没的证据,那么这么多证据恐怕就不能全归结为巧合了。例句支持:We

believe

that

he

will

succeed.我们相信他会成功。(表示主观判断)

We

are

convinced

that

he

will

succeed.我们有理由相信他会成功。(表示这件事有充分的理由成为客观事实)语言点3:原文中的was一词是斜体,这又是为什么呢?这是作者为了突出强调这个动物确确实实就是那只逃遁的美洲狮,而不是其他的什么动物。11.

As

no

pumas

had

been

reported

missing

from

any

zoo

in

the

country,

this

one

musthave

been

in

the

possession

of

a

private

collector

and

somehow

managed

to

escape.由于全国的动物园没有一家报告丢了美洲狮,因此那只美洲狮一定是某位私人收藏家豢养的,不只怎么设法逃出来了。语言点:句子结构分析:as引导原因状语从句,不用for引导是为了避免重复。现在分词短语missing

from

anyzoo

in

the

country作主语puma的补足语。主句中的this

one指代the

missing

puma,and连接两个并列的动作。12.

The

hunt

went

on

for

several

weeks,

but

the

puma

was

not

caught.搜寻工作进行了好几个星期,但始终未能逮住那只美洲狮。语言点1:句子结构分析:这句话是由but连接的并列句,表示转折。语言点2:在表示“持续”时,keep,go

on,last

continue有区别:(1)

keep

doing

sth

一直做某事(常用于口语中）T