2026版正禾一本通高三一轮总复习英语（北师版）-背诵过关测＋练(十二)

背诵过关测＋练（十二）一、单词过关测＋练阅读词汇知其意1．item n．一项，一条2．hatch vi.&vt.(使)孵化3．packet n．小包，小盒4．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料5．shell n．壳；贝壳6．innovative adj.新颖的，创新的，革新的7．refillable adj.可再填充的8．bin n．垃圾箱9．carton n．硬纸盒；塑料盒10．council n．委员会；理事会11．roadworks n．道路施工12．organic adj.不使用化肥的，有机的，绿色的13．institute n．机构；研究院14．committee n．委员会15．temple n．庙宇，寺院16．Confucius 孔子17．memorial n．纪念馆；纪念碑adj.(对逝者)纪念的，追悼的18．carve vt.雕，刻19．typhoon n．台风20．Atlantic adj.大西洋的21．thunderstorm n．雷暴核心词汇写其形Ⅰ.单词默写检测1．plastic adj.塑料制的2．incredibly adv.非常地，极端地3．species n．物种，种4．mass adj.大量的5．decrease vi.&vt.减少n．减少；减少的量6．solar adj.太阳光(能)的7．restore vt.(使)恢复8．swallow vi.&vt.吞下，咽下9．chopsticks n．筷子10．jam n．拥挤，堵塞；果酱11．gas n．气，气体12．cancer n．癌症13．essay n．论说文；散文14．billion n．十亿15．instance n．例子，实例16．drug n．药物，药材；毒品17．sum vt.概括，总结n．金额，款项；总数18．valley n．谷，山谷Ⅱ.单词语境练19．Accordingtotheairlinerules，wesuggestthatyou(should)switch(转换，改变)offyourmobilephonebeforeboarding.20．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffecting(影响)theentireworld,it'sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.21．Seeingherlyinginbedwithherlegwrapped(包扎；缠绕)inbandages，weallfeltsorryforherandhopedthatshewouldrecoversoon.22．(2022·浙江1月卷)However，asdayspassed，Igraduallygotinvolved(参与)becauseheencouragedmetoexplainmyview.23．Ifeelitisyouaswellasyourwifethataretoblame(责怪，指责)foryourson'sbadperformanceatschool.24．Inresponsetothecitizens'concern，thegovernmentclaimed(声称)tohavetakenmeasurestoattendtotheincreasinglyserioussmoginthepasttwomonths.25．Overthelastfewdecades(十年)，economicglobalizationhascontributedgreatlytoglobalgrowth.拓展词汇通其变Ⅰ.词族拓展检测1．conservationn．保护→conservevt.保护；节约2．miningn．采矿业→minen．矿；矿井→minern．矿工3．recyclevi.&vt.再利用，回收利用→recyclableadj.可回收利用的；可再循环的→unrecyclableadj.不可回收的4．threatn．威胁；(灾难等坏事)发生的可能性→threatenvt.威胁；危及→threateningadj.威胁的；恐吓的5．illegallyadv.非法地，违法地→illegaladj.非法的，违法的→legallyadv.合法地→legaladj.合法的6．huntvi.&vt.猎取，猎杀；寻找→huntingn．打猎→huntern．猎人7．urgentadj.紧急的，急迫的→urgentlyadv.迫切地；急切地→urgencyn．紧急情况8．unusualadj.异常的；不平常的→unusuallyadv.不寻常地→usualadj.平常的→usuallyadv.通常地9．endangeredadj.濒危的→endangervt.使面临危险；危及；危害→dangern．危险→dangerousadj.危险的10．consumern．消费者→consumevt.消费；消耗；吃，喝→consumptionn．消费；消耗11．wastefuladj.浪费的；挥霍的→wastevt.&n．浪费12．scenicadj.景色优美的→scenen．地点，现场；场面→sceneryn．风景13．awareadj.意识到的，明白的→awarenessn．意识→unawareadj.不知道的；未察觉到的14．chemicaladj.化学的n．化学品→chemistryn．化学→chemistn．化学家；药剂师15．reusableadj.可再使用的，可重复使用的→reusevt.再使用，重复使用16．stuckadj.卡住的，无法移动的→stickvi.&vt.将……刺入(或插入)；刺17．opponentn．反对者；对手；敌手→opposevt.反对→opposedadj.反对的；截然不同的18．crueladj.残忍的→cruellyadv.残忍地；残酷地→crueltyn．残忍Ⅱ.词族语境练19．(2024·浙江1月卷)Anyonecancontributetoitscollection(collect).20．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)We'llbeworkingrainorshine.Wearclothesthatcangetdirty(dirt).21．(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)Theycouldnotaffordtopayfortransportation(transport)fortheirdog，Tiffy，anddesperatelywantedtotakeherwiththem.22．Thebook，whichcontainsmuchinformationaboutthehistoryoftheMingDynasty,isbothinformativeandentertaining.(inform)23．Lotsofspecieshavebeenextinctandothersarestillindangerofextinction．(extinct)24．Itisessentialthatyourdietsshouldbevariedandbalanced，becauseyourkidsneedvariousnutrition.Besides，youringredientsshouldvarywithseasons.(vary)25．Theanxiouswifewaslikesittingonpinsandneedles，andheranxietywassoobviousthatweallcomfortedher.(anxious)26．Somedoctorsthinkthereisarelationbetweensmokingandlungcancer.What'sworse，smokingisalsorelatedtoheartdiseases.(relate)27．Everystudentisexpectedtogetinvolvedintheactivityanditissuretobemoremeaningfulwithyourinvolvement．(involve)28．Hedidn'thaveabalanceddietortakeexerciseregularly，sothisirregularlifestyleledtohispoorhealth.(regular)29．Chinaisanagriculturalcountryinwhichagricultureplaysavitalroleinitseconomy.(agriculture)30．WhatangeredmewasthatmysonhadtoldalietohisteacherandIwarnedhimangrilynottodothatagain.(anger)31．Sallywasannoyedatthechildrenformakingsoannoyingnoise，slammingherfistonthetableinannoyance．(annoy)32．Inthepast，peopledestroyedforestsandriversfortheirownbenefit.Theirdestructiveactivitiesfinallycausethedestructionoftheearth.(destroy)33．Idon'thaveanythingsuitabletowearfortheparty，soImustbuyaneveningdressthatsuitsmeperfectly.(suit)二、短语过关测＋练短语翻译短语语境练(选用左栏短语填空)第一组1．dieout 消失；绝迹，灭绝2．wipeout 彻底毁灭3．betoblame (对某事)负有责任4．beatrisk 处境危险，受到威胁5．trafficjam 交通堵塞6．stressedout 焦虑的7．berelatedto 与……有关联8．forinstance 例如第二组9．sumup 概括，总结10．havearole 起某种作用11．doone'spart 尽自己的职责12．setout 开始做某事，着手进行13．doawaywith 废除；结束；去掉14．getstuck 卡住的，无法移动的15．sitaround/about 闲坐，无所事事地坐着16．inshort 总而言之17．Sofarnoonehascomeupwithconvincingevidenceofwhydinosaursdiedout，anditremainsamystery.18．Whenwearedepressedorstressedout，homeisalwaysashelterforustohavearest.19．Everyonecanmakecontributionstoprotectingournaturalresources.Forinstance，wecansavelotsofgasbyridingabikeorwalkinginsteadofdriving.20．Itisnecessaryforyoutosumupyourexperienceconstantlyandimprovetheefficiencyofyourwork.21．Thereisnodenyingthathisfailureintheexaminationisrelatedtohislaziness.22．Whensettingoutonalongwalk，youshouldalwayswearsuitableshoes.23．Nowthatyouareelectedasourchairman，doingyourpartandperformingyourdutiesarewhatyoumustdo.24．ManypeopleincitiesandtownsinSouthAmericaareatriskfromlandslides.三、句式过关测1．虽然物种的自然灭绝并不罕见，但