【01-暑假复习】专题08 非谓语动词 (学生版)-2025年新高一英语暑假衔接讲练 (译林版)

PAGE1专题08非谓语动词(初高中衔接)内容导航考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破核心考点聚焦考点一动词不定式考点一动词不定式(一)时态和语态的变化语态式一般式完成式进行式完成进行式主动todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoing被动tobedonetohavebeendone(1)作主语：Todotheexerciseisgood.=Itisgoodtodotheexercise(动词不定式作主语时，一般可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的动词不定式置于句末。)(2)作表语：Myjobistodrivethemtothepowerstationeveryday.温馨提示：动词不定式在系动词be之后作表语，与表示将来时的be+动词不定式结构有所区别。Ourplanistosetupanothermiddleschoolforthepeasants’children.主语谓语表语我们的计划是给农民子弟再成立一所中学。(plan并不是动词不定式的逻辑主语，即动词不定式tosetup所表示的动作不是主语plan产生的。)Wearetosetupanothermiddleschoolforthepeasants’children.主语谓语宾语我们将为农民的子弟再成立一所中学。(we是动词不定式tosetup所表示的动作的逻辑主语，即动词不定式tosetup所表示的动作是由we产生的)。(3)作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。Shewishestobeamusician.②作某些形容词的宾语：可以有动词不定式为宾语的形容词一般有glad,sorry,afraid,pleased,determined,willing,eager,anxious,ready,sure等，Iamdeterminedtogiveupsmoking.温馨提示：动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，但动词不定式之前如有疑问词时，就可作介词的宾语，如：Canyougiveussomeadviceonhowtosolvetheproblem?(4)作宾语补足语(如果句中的谓语动词为see,hear,watch,notice,have,make,let等，作宾语补足语的动词不定式须将to省去)Tellthechildrennottoplaythegame.Isawalittlegirlenterintothehouse.Idon’tthinkitrighttodoitthatway.温馨提示：动词不定式在句中作宾语，如带有宾语补足语时，须先用it作形式宾语，而将该动词不定式后置。(5)作定语：Isthisthebestwaytohelphim?(动词不定式位于被其修饰的名词或代词之后)Heisthemantodependon.(动词是不及物动词，不定式后面就要用必要的介词)Theoldmanislookingforaquietplacetolive.(名词为place,time,way，不定式后面的介词，习惯上可以省去)(6)作状语：①目的状语EverymorninghegetsupveryearlytoreadEnglish.ShereadsChinaDailyeverydayinorderto(soasto)improveherEnglish.=InordertoimproveherEnglishshereadsChinaDailyeveryday.Tomasteraforeignlanguage,onemustworkhardatit.②结果状语：Theylivedtoseetheliberationoftheirhometown.Youareoldenoughtotakecareofyourselfnow.(too+形容词或副词+动词不定式，表示“足能…”的结果)1.Therewillbemanytasksforthem________(complete)nextmonth.考点二考点二动名词动名词由动词原形家词尾-ing构成1)直接位于句首做主语。(动名词做主语时，谓语动词为单数)Readingisanart.Climbingmountainsisreallyfun.Workingintheseconditionsisnotapleasurebutasuffering.2)用it作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语的常用句型：Itis+nouse/nogood/useless/senseless/fun/enjoyable/tiring/interesting/foolish/nice/awasteoftime/aplessure…+v.ing注意：important，essential，necessary等形容词后面不用动名词(常用不定式)。Itisnouse/nogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.Itisawasteoftimepersuadingsuchapersontojoinus.Itwashardgettingonthecrowdedstreetcar.Itisfunplayingwithchildren.3)“Therebe”结构。(在“Therebe”句型中，只能用动名词，而不能用不定式作主语)Thereisnosayingwhenhe'llcome.Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelofhistory.注意：动名词用于布告形式的省略结构中。如：Nosmoking(=Nosmokingisallowed(here)).禁止吸烟。Noparking.禁止停车。4)动名词的复合结构作主语当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个物主代词或名词所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如：Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.LaoLi’sgoingtherewon’tbeofmuchhelp.2、作宾语(1)作动词的宾语某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：advise,suggest,allow,permit,avoid,consider,enjoy,finish,cannothelp,imagine,include,keep,keepon,mind,miss,delay,practise,resist,postpone(推迟)，deny(否认),appreciate(欣赏，感激),escape,excuse,pardon,can’tstand,putoff,giveup等。Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?ShesuggestedgoingtotheGreatWallforthespringouting.Seeingthepicture,hecouldn’thelplaughing.Markoftenattemptstoescapebeingfinedwheneverhebreakstrafficregulations.温馨提示：在下面这种结构中也可以用动名词(短语)做宾语：find/think/consider…+it(形式宾语)+nouse/nogood/useless…+v.ing(真正宾语)。形容词worth后也可接动名词，作为复合谓语的宾语。Ifounditpleasantwalkingalongtheseashore.Doyouconsideritanygoodtryingagain?Themusiciswellworthlisteningtomorethanonce.(2)作介词的宾语Wearethinkingofmakinganewplanforthenextterm.Shallwehavearestorgetdowntodoingourwork?(to介词)AnnhasbeenlookingforwardtocomingtoChinaforalongtime.(to介词)温馨提示：在下面的结构中，介词in常可省略：(1)S+have+trouble/difficulty/problems/fun/astruggle/agoodtime/ahardtime+(in)+v.ing(2)S+spengtime/money+(in)+V.ing(3)S+bebusy+(in)+V.ing(4)S+losenotime+(in)+V.ing(立即……)Wearebusy(in)preparingforthecomingsportsmeet.Doyouhaveanydifficulty(in)understandingspokenEnglish?3、作表语动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。Yourtaskiscleaningthewindows.(Cleaningthewindowsisyourtask.)WhatIhatemostisbeinglaughedat.(BeinglaughedatiswhatIhatemost.)4、作定语动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途awalkingstick＝astickforwalking=astickwhichisusedforwalkingawashingmachine=amachineforwashing=amachinewhichisusedforwashingareadingroom=aroomforreading=aroomwhichisusedforreadingsleepingpills=pillsforsleeping=pillswhichisusedforsleeping一般过去时的被动语态(主语+was/were+done)Thebuildingwasbuilttenyearsago.(肯定)→Thebuildingwasn’tbuilttenyearsago.(否定句，在was,were后加not)→Wasthebuildingbuilttenyearsago?(一般疑问句，把was,were提句首)1.Becausemybikeneeds________(repair),Ihavetowalktoschoolthesedays.考点三考点三现在分词现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。完成式由“having+动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having+been+动词过去分词”。否定式为“not+动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，其完成式的否定式为“not+having+动词过去分词”。1.作定语一般说来，单个的现在分词一般可以前置作定语，修饰名词；如果现在分词构成分词短语则后置作定语。Keepquiet.Don'twakeupthesleepingchildren.Weliveinaroomfacingthesouth.2.作表语现在分词作表语时总是放在系动词的后面，构成系表结构，表示主语的状态。Thestorysoundsinteresting.这故事听起来很有趣。Thepromisingfutureismoreencouragingthaneverbefore.Itisannoyingthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff.3.作宾语补足语通常用在感官动词或使役动词的宾语后面，表示主动或动作正在进行。Somepeopleleavethewaterrunningafterwashinghands.WhenIfoundhimcheating,Idecidednottoaccepthisflatteriesandapologiesanymore.4.作状语现在分词作状语，相当于一个表示原因、时间、方式、条件、结果等情况的状语从句。根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。1)表示时间，相当于状语从句when,while。Hewentthroughthepaperswhilelisteningtomusic.Studyingatthehometown,Ienjoyedthehappiesttimeduringmylife.2)表示条件，相当于if引导的条件状语从句。Beinggivenoncemoretime,Iwillfinishthetask!Preparingfully,wearesuretopassthetest.3)表示原因，相当于原因状语从句because,since,for,as,etc.Notunderstandingtherelationshipbetweenthetwocases,Iaskedthelawyeraboutit.Beingill,shecan'tgotoworktoday.4)表示让步，相当于though,although或nomatter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句。Knowingallthis,theymademepayforthedamage.Althoughworkinghardeveryday,westillhaveendlessworktodealwith.5)表示结果，相当于结果状语从句。Hisparents'letterhasjustcome,relievinghimfromanxiety.Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,causingthedelay.6)表示方式或伴随状语。Theylayonthegrass,lookingatthesky.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandjumping.1.Thememoryofthepasttimecame________(crowd)intomymindwhenIsawthepicture.考点四考点四过去分词过去分词只有一种形式，也没有主动语态，它所表示的动作是一个被动的或是已完成的动作。过去分词在句中也可用作定语、表语、宾语或状语等成分。1.作定语：thefallenleaves落叶(单个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前)Themeetingheldlastnightisveryimportant.(分词短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后。被过去分词所修饰的名词，就是该分词的逻辑主语)2.作表语：Theglassisbroken.(broken表示theglass所处的状态)Theglasswasbrokenbymylittlebrother.(被动语态)拓展延伸：作表语用的过去分词在许多词典中已列为形容词，如：crowded,devoted,discouraged,done,dressed,drunk,experienced,frightened,gone,hurt,interested,killed,known,learned,lost,pleased,satisfied,shut,surprised,tired,undressed,worried,astonished,broken,completed,covered等。3.作宾语补足语WhenIopenedthedoor,Ifoundthegroundcoveredbyfallenleaves.(find的宾语补足语)Ihadmybikerepairedyesterday.(have的宾语补足语)4.作状语Seenfromthehill/Whenseenfromthehill,ourtownlooksbeautiful.(时间状语)Givenmoretime/Ifgivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.(条件状语)1.Iwishallour________(donate)moneyandourlovewillflytothedisasterareaverysoon.2.Shefoundthekitten________(frighten)bythefireworks,hidingunderthesofa.3.________(lose)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.1.Allthings________(consider),itcouldbeawhilebeforeweembraceahighly-developedhealthcaresystem.2.Thepartywillbeheldinthegardenasscheduled,weather________(permit).3.(24-25高一下·黑龙江大庆·开学考试)AccordingtodatareleasedbytheNHC,bytheendof2021Chinahadthelargestnumberofdogsintheworld,withover12millionpeople________(bite)eachyear.4.Withalocalguide________(lead)usalltheway,wehadagreattimeinthebeautifulmountain.5.(16-17高一下·福建厦门·开学考试)Withtime________(go)by,Iwasmadesmaller.6.Thedeterminedyoungmanstruggled________(make)endsmeet,workingpart-timeinarestaurantinhissparetime.7.(24-25高一下·广东茂名·阶段练习)Shefoundthekitten________(frighten)bythefireworks,hidingunderthesofa.8.(24-25高一上·安徽六安·开学考试)Onthenightofmybirthday,Icouldhearthewindows________(beat)bytheraindrops.9.Paulknewthat________(be)shorterthanotherplayersmeantthathehadtopracticemore.10.Thegovernmentdesignedandbuiltthegreenwaysystem________(aim)atofferingconvenienceandbenefitstopeopleandimprovingthecity’secologicalenvironment.提升专练I.单句语法填空1.(24-25高一下·甘肃兰州·开学考试)Becausemybikeneeds________(repair),Ihavetowalktoschoolthesedays.2.(24-25高一下·安徽·开学考试)Therewillbemanytasksforthem________(complete)nextmonth.3.(24-25高一下·安徽·开学考试)Sheranallthewayuptothestation,only________(find)thatthetrainhadleftfifteenminutesbefore.4.Proudlyreadingmywords,Iglancedaroundtheroom,only________(find)myclassmatesbearingbigsmilesontheirfacesandtearsintheireyes.5.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurface,doexercisesto________(strength)yourlegmuscles.6.(24-25高一下·安徽·开学考试)Sheiskeenon________(learn)howtoplaythepiano,soshepracticeseveryday.7.(24-25高一下·广东佛山·开学考试)Paulknewthat________(be)shorterthanotherplayersmeantthathehadtopracticemore.8.Mymumkeeps________(tell)metostudyhardforbrightfuture.9.(24-25高一下·甘肃兰州·开学考试)Thememoryofthepasttimecame________(crowd)intomymindwhenIsawthepicture.10.(24-25高一下·甘肃兰州·开学考试)Theproblem________(discuss)nowisextremelycrucial.11.(24-25高一下·广东佛山·开学考试)Thegovernmentdesignedandbuiltthegreenwaysystem________(aim)atofferingconvenienceandbenefitstopeopleandimprovingthecity’secologicalenvironment.12.Thepartywillbeheldinthegardenasscheduled,weather________(permit).13.(24-25高一下·吉林长春·开学考试)Iwishallour________(donate)moneyandourlovewillflytothedisasterareaverysoon.14.(24-25高一下·广东茂名·阶段练习)Shefoundthekitten________(frighten)bythefireworks,hidingunderthesofa.15.________(lose)inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.16.Hespokeslowlytomakehimself________(understand).17.YesterdayIfoundabookinthebookstore________(intend)forbirdlovers.18.Michaelputupaposterofthisfamousscientistbesidethebedtokeephimself________(remind)ofhisowndreams.19.________(surround)byagreatmanytrees,themoderntallbuildingisthenewly-builtstadiumofourschool.20.Iusuallyhavefastfood________(deliver)tomyofficewhenIambusy.II.阅读理解(24-25高一下·云南昭通·开学考试)ThephotographsthatScillatookasa16-year-oldgirlonthestreetsofLondonin1955stayedlargelyinheralbum(相册)overtheyears.Scillaisnow86,andherself-developedblack-and-whitephotoshavebeenbroughtbacktolifeaftertheywerediscoveredbyateenagephotographer.Overthepastyear,PhilipLoveday,16,hasbeenrevisitinghisgrandmother’spathacrossthecapitaltocarefullyrephotographthepictures.Hisjourneythroughtimewithacamerahasbeenespeciallymoving,becausehisgrandmother,Scilla,hasAlzheimer’sdisease(阿尔茨海默症)andhaslostmanyofhermemories.PhiliptooknewphotosthatlookedliketheonesScillatooklongago,andputtheminanewalbum.EachpageofScilla’soldalbumwascopiedandputinthenewone,withPhilip’snewphotosontheoppositepages.Philip’smother,CatherineLoveday,saidScillahadbeenhappywiththenewalbum,whichhad“putherbackinhershoes”asateenager.Philipsaidhismothershowedhimthealbumshehadfoundathermother’shouse.GreatlyabsorbedinhowmodernLondonwouldcomparetothecityphotographedbyhisgrandmother,PhilipandhismotherbegantomaketripsintocentralLondon.Duringthetrips,theyhadtheideaofretakingthephotos.Someoftheplacesaresimilar,likeBigBen.Othersshowhowthecityhasmodernized.UnlikeScilla’sviewofSt.Paul’sCathedralfromtheThames,Philip’sretakehastheMilleniumBridge.WhenScillaphotographedtheJohnLewisstoreonOxfordStreet,itwasaone-storeybuildingnowithassevenfloors.Philiphadtousehisimaginationtorecreateothersights.Scillahasrepeatedlyreturnedtohernewalbumsincereceivingit.Philipsaid,“It’sniceforhertoseesomeonetakinganinterestinthosephotosandgoingbackoverthem,andalsogoodforhertoconnectherpasttowherewearenow.”1.WhyisPhilip’sre-photographingjourneysotouching?A.Becauseheisatalentedteenagephotographer.B.BecausehehelpshisAlzheimer’s-sufferinggrandmotherrecallherpast.C.BecauseheisshowinghowmuchLondonhaschangedovertheyears.D.Becauseheisusingmoderntechnologytoenhancetheoldphotos.2.WhatmotivatedPhiliptoretakethephotos?A.Hisgrandmother’srequestbeforeshegotill.B.Hiseagernesstoshowhisphotographyskills.C.HisinterestincomparingmodernandoldLondon.D.Hismother’sencouragementtostartanewproject.3.WhatcanweinferfromthefactthatScillarepeatedlyreturnstohernewalbum?A.SheisdisappointedwiththechangesinLondon.B.Thealbumhelpsherreconnectwithherpastmemories.C.ShewantstocorrectthemistakesinPhilip’sphotos.D.Shewantstofindmoredifferencesbetweentheoldandnewphotos.4.WhichwordscanbestdescribePhilip?A.Thoughtfulandcreative. B.Carelessanddisorganized.C.Ambitiousbutdependent. D.Uninterestedanduntrustworthy.III.完形填空(24-25高一下·山东聊城·开学考试)WhenIwaslittle,Ispentmuchtimeatmygrandfather’shouse,watchinghimpaintalldaylong.WhatIremembermostwashowhe1paintingoldships.AsIgrewup,wehardly2.Inoticedhedidn’treally3muchanymore.Aboutayearago,hehadaheartattack.Inandoutofthe4forawhile,herecoveredbutwasstill5,movingaroundhishouseinawheelchair.Then,Istarted6hishouseandwebegantotalkmore.Wediscussedlifeandourinterests.EverytimeI7,hewantedtotalkalot.Ifiguredhewaslonelyandenjoyedthe8.Wonderingwhyhedidn’tstartpaintingagain,Imadeitapointtocasually(不经意地)9itwhenIcameover,tellinghimoftenthatheshouldpaintagain.It10!Hestartedsendingmetobuypaintandposterboards.Heaskedmeaboutcolorsand11mehispaintings.Ilovedthewayhepaintedthe12ships.Helookedhappier.Paintingseemedtohavebroughtbacksome13partofhim.Cleaningformygrandpahasbroughtuscloser.Despitehisseventy-fiveyearsofage,I14todiscouragehimfrompainting.Daysliketheseare15,andIenjoythelittlemoments.1.A.missed B.started C.loved D.avoided2.A.fought B.explored C.spoke D.traveled3.A.paint B.laugh C.exercise D.care4.A.office B.hospital C.ship D.city5.A.positive B.busy C.calm D.weak6.A.searching B.repairing C.sharing D.cleaning7.A.setoff B.cameover C.lookedaround D.calledback8.A.company B.freedom C.challenge D.rest9.A.drop B.answer C.request D.mention10.A.happened B.continued C.appeared D.worked11.A.showed B.lent C.promised D.delivered12.A.broken B.ancient C.empty D.foreign13.A.youthful B.smart C.fun D.secret14.A.manage B.decide C.refuse D.fail15.A.difficult B.ordinary C.valuable D.longIV.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(24-25高一下·湖南长沙·开学考试)Readingtheclassicsisatimelesspursuitthat1(enrich)themindandsoul.Theseworksoftenexploreuniversalthemessuchaslove,ambition,andthestrugglebetweengoodandevil,revealingthe2(deep)ofhumanemotionandmotivation.Similarly,theancientGreekepics,suchasHomer’sIliadandOdyssey,3(offer)insightsintothevaluesofheroismandhonor.JaneAusten’snovelsar