科技类阅读理解20篇-高考英语快速提阅读能之频主题词块（解析版）

科技类词汇对应阅读

passage1

Asnake-robotdesigner,atechnologist,anextradimensionalphysicistandajournalistwalkintoa

room.Thejournalistturnstothecrowdandasks：Shouldwebuildhousesontheocean?Likeathink-tank

panel,membersoftheteamdreamupfar-outanswerstothecrucialproblem,suchasself-drivinghousing

unitsthatcouldparkontopofoneanotherinthecoastalcitycenter.

ThesettingisX,theenterprisewhichconsidersmorethan100ideaseachyear,inareasrangingfromclean

energytoartificialintelligence.Althoughonlyatinypercentagebecome"projects"withfar-reaching

creativity,theseprojectsexist,ultimately,tochangetheworld,likeWaymo,thebiggestself-driving-car

company.Inthepast60years,somethingstrangehashappened.Astheacademicstudyofcreativityhasthrived

（蓬勃发展），thelabelinnovationmayhavecoveredeverytinychangeofasodacanoratoothpasteflavor,but

therateofproductivitygrowthhasbeenmostlydecliningsincethe1970s.JohnFernald,aneconomist,pointsout

thatthenotableexceptiontothepost-1970declineinproductivityoccurredwhenbusinessesthroughoutthe

economyfinallyfiguredoutthebreakthroughtechnology-informationtechnology.JohnFernaldsays,"It's

possiblethatproductivitytookoff,becausewepickedallthelow-hangingfruitfromtheITwave."Actually,

theworldeconomycontinuestoharvestthebenefitsofIT.Butwherewillthenexttechnologyshockcome

from?

Breakthroughtechnologyresultsfromtwodistinctactivities-inventionandinnovation.Inventionis

typicallytheworkofscientistsandresearchersinlabs,whileinnovationisaninventionputtocommercial

use.Seldomdothetwoactivitiesoccursuccessfullyunderthesameroof.Theytendtothriveinopposite

conditions；whilecompetitionandconsumerchoiceencourageinnovation，inventionhashistoricallyprogressed

inlabsthatareprotectedfromthepressuretogenerateprofit.

Allowingwell-fundedanddiverseteamstotrytosolvebigproblemsiswhatgaveusthecomputerand

theInternet.Today,wefailtogiveattentiontoplantingtheseedsofthiskindofambitiousresearch,while

complainingabouttheharvest."Companiesarereallygoodatcombiningexistingbreakthroughsinwaysthat

consumerslike.Butthebreakthroughscomefrompatientandcuriousscientists,nottherushtomarket,"says

JonGertner,theauthorofTheIdeaFactory.

"Technologyisatalltree,"JohnFernaldsaid."Butplantingtheseedsofinventionandharvestingthe

fruitofinnovationareentirelydistinctskills,oftenmasteredbydifferentorganizationsandseparatedbymany

years."Asforme,bothofthemareessentialfortechnology»althoughtheyarerelativelyindependent.!don't

thinkXisaplanteroraharvester,actually.ltislikebuildingtallerladders.Nobodyknowsforsurewhat,if

anything,theemployeesatsuchenterprisesaregoingtofinduponthoseladders.Butthey'rereaching.Atleast

someoneis.

(1)Whatisthemainpurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Topresenttheprocessofgroupdiscussion.

B.ToillustrateX*sworryaboutbigproblems.

C.Torevealtheimportanceofthecrazyideas.

D.Tostressthevariedbackgroundsoftheteam.

(2)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Breakthroughsmuststandthetestofthemarket.

B.Innovationonnecessitiescanpromoteproductivity.

C.Inventiondevelopsslowlyunderthepressureofprofit.

D.Theharvestofinnovationliesinsomeambitiousresearch.

(3)RegardingJohnFernald'sviewontechnology,theauthoris.

A.supportive

B.cautious

C.uncertain

D.critical

(4)WhatcanbeinferredaboutXfromthepassage?

A.Itwillfocusoninnovation.

B.Itwillhaveitsoutcomesoon.

C.Itmaygiveintoitsfruitlessreality.

D・Itmaybringanencouragingoutlook.

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在X背景下发明和创新会带来令人鼓舞的前景。

【解答】(1)目的意图题。根据第——段Asnake-robotdesigner,atechnologist,anextradimensionalphysicist

andajournalistwalkintoaroom.Thejournalistturnstothecrowdandasks：Shouldwebuildhousesonthe

ocean?Likeathink-tankpanel,membersoftheteamdreamupfar-outanswerstothecrucialproblem,such

asself-drivinghousingunitsthatcouldparkontopofoneanotherinthecoastalcitycenter.(一个蛇机器人设

计师，一个技术专家，一个超维物理学家和一个记者走进一个房间。记者转向人群问道：我们应该在海

洋上盖房子吗？就像一个智库小组一样，该团队的成员为这个关键问题想出了超乎想象的答案，比如可

以在沿海城市中心一个接一个停放的自动驾驶住宅单元）以及第二段ThesettingisX,theenterprisewhich

considersmorethan100ideaseachyear,inareasrangingfromcleanenergytoartificialintelligence.Although

onlyatinypercentagebecome"projects"withfar-reachingcreativity,theseprojectsexist,ultimately,to

changetheworld,likeWaymo,thebiggestself-driving-carcompany.（背景是X,这家企业每年会考虑

100多个创意，涉及的领域从清洁能源到人工智能。虽然只有一小部分成为具有深远创造力的“项目”，但

这些项目的存在最终将改变世界，就像最大的自动驾驶汽车公司Waym。一样）可知，前两段的主要目的

是揭示疯狂想法的重要性。故选C项。

（2）推理判断题。根据第四段Today,wefailtogiveattentiontoplantingtheseedsofthiskindofambitious

research,whilecomplainingabouttheharvest.（今天，我们在抱怨收获的同时，没有注意播下这种雄心勃

勃的研究的种子）和Butthebreakthroughscomefrompatientandcuriousscientists,nottherushtomarket

（但这些突破来自耐心和好奇的科学家，而不是急于上市）可知，创新的收获在于一些雄心勃勃的研究。

故选D项。

（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段Asforme,bothofthemareessentialfortechnology,althoughtheyare

relativelyindependent.!don'tthinkXisaplanteroraharvester,actually.ltislikebuildingtallerladders.Nobody

knowsforsurewhat,ifanything,theemployeesatsuchenterprisesaregoingtofinduponthoseladders.But

they*rereaching.Atleastsomeoneis.（对我来说，这两者对于技术来说都是必不可少的，尽管它们相对独

立。事实上，我不认为X是种植者或者收割者。这就像建造更高的梯子。没有人确切地知道，如果有

的话，这些企业的员工会在这些梯子上发现什么。但是他们在努力。至少有人是）可推知，关于约翰•费

尔纳德对技术的看法，作者是支持的。A.supportive支持的；B.cautious谨慎的；C.uncertain不确定

的；D.critical批评的。故选A项。

（4）推理判断题。根据第二段ThesettingisX,theenterprisewhichconsidersmorethan100ideaseachyear,

inareasrangingfromcleanenergytoartificialintelligence.Althoughonlyatinypercentagebecome"projects"

withfar-reachingcreativity,theseprojectsexist,ultimately,tochangetheworld,likeWaymo,thebiggest

self-driving-carcompany.（背景是X,这家企业每年会考虑100多个创意，涉及的领域从清洁能源到

人工智能。虽然只有一小部分成为具有深远创造力的“项目”，但这些项目的存在最终将改变世界，就像

最大的自动驾驶汽车公司Waymo一样）可知,X可能会带来令人鼓舞的前景。A.Itwillfocusoninnovation.

它将专注于创新；B.Itwillhaveitsoutcomesoon.很快就会有结果；C.Itmaygiveintoitsfruitlessreality.

它可能会屈服于毫无结果的现实；D.Itmaybringanencouragingoutlook.这可能会带来令人鼓舞的前景。

故选D项。

passage2

Technologyseemsto.discourageslow,immersivereading.Readingonascreen,particularlyaphone

screen,tiresyoureyesandmakesitharderforyoutokeepyourplace.Soonlinewritingtendstobemore

skimmableandlist-likethanprint.ThecognitiveneuroscientistMaryWaltarguedrecentlythatthis"new

norm"ofskimreadingisproducing"aninvisible,game-changingtransformation"inhowreadersprocess

words.Theneuronalcircuitthatsustainsthebrain'scapacitytoreadnowfavorstherapidabsorptionof

information,ratherthanskillsdevelopedbydeeperreading,likecriticalanalysis.

Weshouldn'toverplaythisdanger.Allreadersskim.Skimmingistheskillweacquireaschildrenaswe

learntoreadmoreskillfully.Fromabouttheageofnine,oureyesstarttobouncearoundthepage,readingonly

aboutaquarterofthewordsproperly,andfillinginthegapsbyinference.Noristhereanythingnewinthese

fearsaboutdecliningattentionspans（持续时间）.Sofar,theanxietieshaveprovedtobefalsealarms."Quite

afewcriticshavebeenworriedaboutattentionspanlatelyandseeveryshortstoriesassignsofculturaldecline,

"theAmericanauthorSelvinBrownwrote."Nooneeversaidthatpoemswereevidenceofshortattentionspans.

AndyettheInternethascertainlychangedthewayweread.Forastart,itmeansthatthereismoretoread,

becausemorepeoplethaneverarewriting.Ifyoutimetravelledjustafewdecadesintothepast,youwould

wonderathowlittlewritingwashappeningoutsideaclassroom.Anddigitalwritingismeantforrapidrelease

andresponse.Anonlinearticlestartsformingacommentstringunderneathassoonasitispublished.Thismode

ofwritingandreadingcanbeinteractiveandfun.Butoftenittreatsotherpeople'swordsassomethingtobe

quicklyharvestedasfodder（素材）tosaysomethingelse.Everyonetalksoverthetopofeveryoneelse,

desperatetobeheard.

Perhapsweshouldslowdown.Readingisconstantlypromotedasasocialgoodandsourceofpersonal

achievement.Butthisadvocacyoftenemphasizes"enthusiastic","passionate"or"eager"reading,noneof

whichadjectivessuggestslow,quietabsorption.

Toaslowreader,apieceofwritingcanonlybefullyunderstoodbyimmersingoneselfinthewordsand

theirslowcomprehensionofalineofthought.Theslowreaderislikeaswimmerwhostopscountingthenumber

ofpoollapshehasdoneandjustenjoyshowhisbodyfeelsandmovesinwater.

Thehumanneedforthiskindofdeepreadingistootenaciousforanynewtechnologytodestroy.Weoften

assumethattechnologicalchangecan'tbestoppedandhappensinonedirection,sothatoldermedialike"dead

-tree"booksarekickedoutbynewer,morevirtualforms.Inpractice,oldertechnologiescancoexistwithnew

ones.TheKindlehasnotkilledofftheprintedbookanymorethanthecarkilledoffthebicycle.Westillwantto

enjoyslowly-formedideasandcarefully-chosenwords.Eveninafast-movingage,thereistimeforslow

reading.

(1)Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsSelvinBrown'sopinion?

A.Favorable.

B.Critical.

C.Doubtful.

D.Objective.

(2)Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat.

A.advocacyofpassionatereadinghelpspromoteslowreading

B.digitalwritingleadstotoomuchspeakingandnotenoughreflection

C.thepublicshouldbeawareoftheimpactskimminghasonneuronalcircuits

D.thenumberofInternetreadersisdecliningduetotheadvancesoftechnology

(3)Whatdoestheunderlinedword"tenacious"inParagraph6probablymean?

A.Comprehensive.

B.Complicated.

C.Determined.

D.Apparent.

(4)Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.SlowReadingIsHeretoStay

B.DigitalTechnologyPreventsSlowReading

C.Screenvs.Print：WhichRequiresDeepReading?

D.ReadingIsNotaRace：TheWonderofDeepReading

【答案】(1)-(4)ABCA

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了实际上，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有扼杀印刷书

籍，就像汽车没有扼杀自行车一样。我们仍然想享受慢慢形成的想法和精心选择的词语。即使在一个快

速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。

【解答】（1）观点态度题。根据文章第二段"Quiteafewcriticshavebeenworriedaboutattentionspanlately

andseeveryshortstoriesassignsofculturaldecline,"theAmericanauthorSelvinBrownwrote."Nooneever

saidthatpoemswereevidenceofshortattentionspans."（美国作家塞尔文•布朗（SelvinBrown）写道：”最

近，相当多的评论家对注意力持续时间感到担忧，并将短篇小说视为文化衰落的迹象。””没有人说过诗

歌是注意力持续时间短的证据.”）和最后一段Eveninafast-movingage,thereistimeforslowreading.

（即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。）可知作者对塞尔文•布朗的意见持赞成态度。

A.Favorable.支持的；B.Critical.批评的；C.Doubtful.怀疑的；D.Objective.客观的。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段Anddigitalwritingismeantforrapidreleaseandresponse.Anonlinearticle

startsformingacommentstringunderneathassoonasitispublished.Thismodeofwritingandreadingcanbe

interactiveandfun.Butoftenittreatsotherpeople'swordsassomethingtobequicklyharvestedasfodder（素

材）tosaysomethingelse.Everyonetalksoverthetopofeveryoneelse,desperatetobeheard.（数字写作意味

着快速发布和响应。一篇在线文章一发表就开始在下面形成评论串。这种写作和阅读的模式可以是互动

的和有趣的。但往往它把别人的话当成了可以快速收获的东西，当成了评论某件事情的素材。每个人都

比别人说得多，渴望被别人听到。）可知B.digitalwritingleadstotoomuchspeakingandnotenoughreflection

（数字写作导致说得太多，反思不够）符合题意。故选B。

（3）猜测词义题。根据文章最后一段Thehumanneedforthiskindofdeepreadingistootenaciousforany

newtechnologytodestroy.Weoftenassumethattechnologicalchangecan'tbestoppedandhappensinone

direction,sothatoldermedialike"dead-tree"booksarekickedoutbynewer,morevirtualforms.（人类对这

种深度阅读的需求太过强烈，任何新技术都无法摧毁。我们经常假设技术变革是无法停止的，并且发生

在一个方向上，所以像“死树”书这样的旧媒体被更新、更虚拟的形式所淘汰。）可知tenacious的意思是”

顽强的，持久的“。A.Comprehensive.全面的；B.Complicated.复杂的；C.Determined.有决心的，顽强的；

D.Apparent.明显的。故选C。

（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后——段Inpractice,oldertechnologiescancoexistwithnewones.TheKindlehas

notkilledofftheprintedbookanymorethanthecarkilledoffthebicycle.Westillwanttoenjoyslowly-

formedideasandcarefully-chosenwords.Eveninafast-movingage,thereistimeforslowreading.（实际上，

旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有扼杀印刷书籍，就像汽车没有扼杀自行车一样。我们仍然想享

受慢慢形成的想法和精心选择的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。）可知本文

的最佳标题是A.SlowReadingIsHeretoStay（慢速阅读会一直持续下去）。故选A。

passage3

Learningdoesn'thavetoendwhenpeopleage.Infact,today'sseniorswanttoremainsociallyengaged,

intellectuallystimulated(智力上活跃的)，andanactivepartoftheircommunitiesaccordingtoTheAmerican

UniversityBeirut(AUB)inLebanon.ThafswhyAUBopenedTheUniversityforSeniorsthatgivesolder

adults-50andup-anopportunityforlifelonglearning.

"Thegoaloftheprogramistoestablishacommunityforseniorstolearnforlife,mostofwhomare

retirees,"MiraZaatari,theprogramassistantmanagertoldAl-FanarMedia."Theycanstayengagedphysically

andmentallyhere."

Theuniversityincludestwothree-monthsemestersandstudentscantakeanyclasstheywantregardless

oftheireducationallevel.Therearenoexamsorgraduationcertificates.Thisschoolisallaboutlifelong

leaming.Theavailableclassesincludepoliticalscience,publichealth,agriculture,sciences,womenfsaffairsas

wellascreativeclassesaboutdrawing,paintingandmusic.LanguageclassesincludeEnglish,Frenchand

Spanish.Theclassesaretaughtbyvolunteers,includingAUBprofessors,students,anddoctorsfromthe

university'shospital.

Seniorscangainahostofbenefitsbycontinuingtolearnnewthings.AccordingtoAgingWelLthat's

becauselifelonglearningkeepsthebrainstimulated,challengedandfullyengaged."Thishelpsseniorsremain

mentallyalertwhiletheyage.Infact,whenpeoplelearnnewthings,thebrain-evenanolderbrain-canform

newconnectionsandpathways,"itadds.

Keepingphysicallyactiveisimportantandsoiskeepingsocialconnections.That'swhytheuniversity

providesmorethanjusteducation.

FormerbankerYoussefBakri,84,hasbeenastudentforover10years.Hepointedoutthatbeforethe

pandemictheuniversitygardenwasusedasameetingplaceforsocializationandthattherewereorganizedfield

trips.

Withthepercentageofover65sinLebanon'spopulationgrowingandthefactthatmanyoftheseseniors

livealonewithoutfamilymembersinthecountry,TheUniversityforSeniorsisplayingaveryimportantrolein

thelivesofitsstudents.

(1)WhydoesAUBlaunchtheprogram?

A.Todosomescientificresearchonseniors.

B.Topromotelearningamongyoungpeople.

C.Toencourageseniorstodovolunteerwork.

D.Toofferalifelonglearningplaceforseniors.

(2)WhatcanthestudentsdoatTheUniversityforSeniors?

A.Getfreemedicaltreatment.

B.Passfinalexamsasagroup.

C.Choosetheirclassesatwill.

D.Obtaingraduationcertificates.

(3)AgingWellismentionedinparagraph4to.

A.explainwhylearningcanbenefitseniors

B.showtheworkingprincipleofthebrain

C.offeradviceonhowtolearnnewthings

D.analyzetheadvantagesofacceptingaging

(4)Whatistheauthor'sopiniononTheUniversityforSeniors?

A.Itisfarfromsuitableforseniors.

Bithastroubleinattractingstudents.

C.Itisofgreatvalueforitsstudents.

D.Itcareslittleaboutitsstudents*health.

【答案】DCAC

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国贝鲁特大学开设的老年大学。

【解答】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段Thegoaloftheprogramistoestablishacommunityforseniorstolearn

forlife,mostofwhomareretirees(该项目的目标是为老年人建立一个终身学习的社区，其中大多数是退

休人员。)可知，美国贝鲁特大学开设老年大学是为了给老年人提供一个可以终身学习的地方。故答案为

Do

(2)细节理解题。根据第三段Theuniversityincludestwothree-monthsemestersandstudentscantakeany

classtheywantregardlessoftheireducationallevel(这所大学包括两个为期三个月的学期，学生可以参加任

何他们想要的课程，无论他们的教育水平如何。)可知，老年大学的学生可以自由选择他们想上的课。故

答案为C。

(3)推理判断题。第四段的首句Seniorscangainahostofbenefitsbycontinuingtolearnnewthings(老年

人通过学习新东西可以获益良多)，接着AgingWell提到Thishelpsseniorsremainmentallyalertwhilethey

age.Infact,whenpeoplelearnnewthings,thebrain-evenanolderbrain-canformnewconnectionsand

pathways(这是因为终身学习使大脑受到刺激，受到挑战并完全投入。这有助于老年人在变老时依然保

持思维敏捷。事实上，当人们学习新事物时，大脑--甚至是老年人的大脑--可以形成新的连接和路

径。）由此可知，第四段提到AgingWell主要是解释为什么学习能够使老年人受益。故答案为A。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后——段Withthepercentageofover65sinLebanon'spopulationgrowingandthefact

thatmanyoftheseseniorslivealonewithoutfamilymembersinthecountry,TheUniversityforSeniorsis

playingaveryimportantroleinthelivesofitsstudents.（随着黎巴嫩65岁以上人口的比例不断增长，以及

许多老年人在国内没有家人的情况下独自生活，老年大学在学生的生活中发挥着非常重要的作用。）可推

断，作者认为，这所老年大学对它的学生来说意义重大。故答案为C。

passage1

ComputergameshaveseriouslycaughttheattentionofMassMedia.Theincreasingamountofgameswith

violentscenessocksthesocietyandmakesitveryawareofthem.Thefactthatviolentgamescauseviolencein

peopleisnotevendoubtedbymostpeople.Somesaythatthereasonliesingamesbeingtooclosetoreality.But

isitjustifiedonlyaccordingtotheexternalsimilarityofthesetwoworlds?

Gamesoriginallyareentertainment.Contemporarygamesareveryrealisticandforthisreasontheyarea

sourceofgreatexperiencefortheplayeranddeveloptheimagination.Gamesaremorethanentertainment.The

researchoftheNewYorkUniversityledbyGreenandBavelierclaimsthattheplayerpreferringactivegames

getanimprovementofsometypesofbrainactivity,relatedtoprocessingofvisualinformation.Inparticular,

gameplayerscopewithproblemsofsimultaneously（同时地）trackingseveralmovingobjectsattheaverage

levelof30%betterthanpeoplewhodonotplayactivecomputervideogames.Agameisanabstraction.Aplayer

getsabstracttasksandactsaccordingtoabstractrules.Gamesarealsothepossibilitytobewhoeveraperson

wantstobeandtorestfromtheoutsideworldforsometime.

Butwhatifapersongetssomuchexcitedwiththegamescenesthathebecomesviolentinreality?Then,

itprovesthatthegamescausepeopletobecomeviolent.Apsychologicallyhealthypersonwillneverconfuseor

connectthesetwodifferentworlds.Agameisavirtualworldwithvisualimagesverysimilartohuman.These

imagesrepresentbythemselvesnothingbutsimpleplayingobstacles.Agamemaypotentiallygivethe

opportunitytondestroytheobstacles"thatmaynotbedestroyedaccordingtotherules,butitismoreabout

personalchoicewhethertodoitornot.Thisleadsustotheconclusionthatviolenceisnotaconsequencebutthe

cause.Peoplewhooriginallytendtoviolencemaygetannoyedbygamesandperformviolenceinthe"real

world".Inthiscaseviolenceingamesisasimplejustificationoftheviolentnatureoftheplayer.

(1)Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"sockHunderlinedinPara.l?

A.Transform.

B.Strike.

C.Interest.

D.Confuse.

(2)WhatcanwelearnfromtheresearchcarriedoutbyGreenandBavelier?

A.Gamescanpromotesomekindsofbrainactivity.

B.Gamescangivepeoplespacetobethemselves.

C.Gamescanbeasourceofgreatexperience.

D.Gamescanhelpplayerssolveproblems.

(3)Whichofthefollowingaccountsforviolenceinreallife?

A.Abstractviolenttasks.

B.Violentvisualimages.

C.Realisticcomputergames.

D.Individuals*violentnature.

(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Violence：NotaConsequenceofGames.

B.Violence：NotaJustificationofPlayers.

C.Games：TheViolentVirtualReality.

D.Games：TheCauseofViolence.

【答案】BADA

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了暴力行为的原因不是游戏，而是暴力天性。

【解答】(1)词义猜测题，根据文章第一段ComputergameshaveseriouslycaughttheattentionofMassMedia.

(电脑游戏已经严重地引起了大众媒体的注意。)和下文andmakesitveryawareofthem.(并让它非常清

楚地意识到它们。)可知，大量暴力游戏充斥着社会，并让社会清楚地意识到它们。由此猜测，划线词意

为“充斥"，与strike(袭击，侵袭)同义。可引申为使社会印象深刻，A.Transform转变；B.Strike侵袭；

C.Interest感兴趣；D.Confuse困惑。故选Bo

(2)细节理解题。根据文章第二段TheresearchoftheNewYorkUniversityledbyGreenandBavelierclaim

thattheplayerpreferringactivegamesgetanimprovementofsometypesofbrainactivity,relatedtoprocessing

ofvisualinformation.(由Green和Bavelier领导的纽约大学的研究声称，喜欢活跃游戏的玩家可以提高某

些类型的大脑活动，与视觉信息的处理有关。）可知，从Green和Bavelier的研究中我们能得知，游戏可

以促进某些类型的大脑活动。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据后一段Thisleadsustotheconclusionthatviolenceisnotaconsequencebutthe

cause.Peoplewhoareoriginallypronetoviolencemaygetirritatedbygamesandperformviolenceinthe"real

world".Inthiscaseviolenceingamesisasimplejustificationoftheviolentnatureoftheplayer（这使我们得出

结论，暴力不是结果，而是原因。原本有暴力倾向的人可能会被游戏激怒，在现实世界”中实施暴力。在

这种情况下，游戏中的暴力只是为玩家的暴力本性辩护）可知，现实中的暴力原因在于一个人的暴力天

性。故选D。

（4）标题判断题。本文主要讲游戏和暴力之间的关系，第一段引出主题，第二段介绍游戏的功能与优点；

第三段说明游戏和暴力之间的关系。根据文章最后一段Peoplewhoareoriginallypronetoviolencemayget

iritatedbygamesandperformviolenceinthenrealworld".Inthiscaseviolenceingamesisasimplejustification

oftheviolentnatureoftheplayer（原本有暴力倾向的人可能会被游戏激怒，在现实世界”中实施暴力。在

这种情况下，游戏中的暴力只是为玩家的暴力本性辩护。）可知，有暴力倾向的人本身就会因为游戏而被

激怒并在现实生活中实施暴力行为，其根本原因不是由暴力游戏引起，所以A选项Violence：Nota

ConsequenceofGames.（暴力：不是游戏的后果。）能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标题。故选A。

passage5

Manypeoplehaveparticipatedintolotsofvirtualmeetingstheseyears.Someresearchshowsthis

adjustmentmightnotimpactworkplaceproductivitytoanygreatdegree.Anewstudy,though,suggests

otherwise.

Inthestudy,602participantswererandomlypairedandaskedtocomeupwithcreativeusesfora

product.Theywerealsorandomlyselectedtoworktogethereitherinpersonorvirtually.Thepairswerethen

rankedbyassessingtheirtotalnumberofideas,aswellasthoseconcepts1degreeofnovelty,andaskedto

submittheirbestidea.Amongthegroups,virtualpairscameupwithsignificantlyfewerideas,suggestingthat

somethingaboutface-to-faceinteractiongeneratesmorecreativeideas.Thefindingscouldstiffen

employers*resolvetourgeorrequiretheiremployeestocomebacktotheoffice.

"Weranthisexperimentbasedonfeedbackfromcompaniesthatitwashardertoinnovatewith

remoteworkers,"saidleadresearcherMelanieBrucks."Unlikeotherformsofvirtualcommunication,like

phonecallsore-mail,videoconferencingcopiesthein-personexperiencequitewelLsoIwas

surprisedwhenwefoundmeaningfuldifferencesbetweenin-personandvideointeractionforidea

generation."

Whenrandomobjectswereplacedinboththevirtualandphysicalrooms,thevirtual

pairsofparticipantsspentmoretimelookingdirectlyateachotherratherthanlettingtheirlookwanderabout

theroomandtakingintheentirescene.Eyeingone'swholeenvironmentandnoticingtherandomobjects

wereassociatedwithincreasedideageneration.Onplatforms，thescreenoccupiesour

interactions.Ourlookwaversless."Lookingawaymightcomeacrossasrude,"saidBrucks,"sowehaveto

lookatthescreenbecausethatisthedefinedcontextoftheinteraction,thesamewaywewouldn'twalkto

anotherroomwhiletalkingtosomeoneinperson."

Likemosteducators,Bruckshasprimarilytaughtvirtuallyinthepastthreeyears,andshedidnoticesome

benefitsoftheapproachaswell.Herstudentsweremorelikelytotaketurnsspeakingandhershyerstudents

spokeupmoreoften,ridoftheanxietythatcomesfromaddressingalargeclassroom.Brucksfoundthatone

solutiontoimprovingvirtualideagenerationmightbetosimplyturnoffthecamera,forherstudentsfelt

"freerHandmorecreativewhenaskedtodoso.AndthismaybesoundadvicefortheworkplaceVirtualteamwork

can'treplaceface-to-faceteamwork.Ideaselectionproficiency(能力)isonlyvaluableifyouhavestrong

optionstoselectfrom,andface-to-faceteamsarethebestmeanstogeneratewinning

options.Perhapstheworkplacewillfindacompromise-asweetspotinthemiddlethatbalancesworkingfrom

bothhomeandoffice.

(1)WhatdoestheunderlinedwordnstiffenninParagraph2mostprobablymean?

A.Shake.

B.Revise.

C.Challenge.

D.Strengthen.

(2)Atfirst,leadresearcherMelanieBrucksmightthinkthat.

A.videoconferencingcan'tcomparewithin-personcommunication

B.participantsshouldmakeeyecontactinanonlinemeeting

C.thefeedbackfromcompaniesseemsquestionable

D.creativeideasmayemergefromcasualthoughts

(3)WhatcanwelearnaboutBrucks*class?

A.Herstudentsrelievedanxietybyspeakingup.

B.Herstudentsprogressedinfocusingattention.

C.Herstudentstookadvantageofvirtuallearning.

D.Herstudentsdisplayedtalentforpublicspeaking.

(4)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.InteractingVirtuallyImpactsWorkingParticipation

B.MaintainingTeamworkImprovesIdeaGeneration

C.GroupingRandomlyIncreasesProductivity

D.BrainstormingOnlineLimitsCreativity

【答案】DCCD

【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于

创新想法的产生。

【解答】(1)词句猜测题。根据第二段中Amongthegroups,virtualpairscameupwithsignificantlyfewer

ideas,suggestingthatsomethingaboutface-to-faceinteractiongeneratesmorecreativeideas.Thefindings

couldstiffenemployers*resolvetourgeorrequiretheiremployeestocomebacktotheoffice.(在这些小组中，

虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面的互动会产生更多创造性的想法。这一发现可能会坚定雇

主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。)可知，面对面交流会产生更多创造性的想法，所以雇主要求员工

回到办公室进行面对面的互动，此处stiffenemployers-esolve表示"坚定雇主的决心”，划线词stiffen是动

词，意为“使坚定”。A.Shake.摇动；B.Revise.修订；C.ChaDeiige.挑战；D.Strengthen.使更加坚定。选项D

与划线词意思接近，故选D。

(2)推理判断题。根据第三段内容"Weranthisexperimentbasedonfeedbackfromcompaniesthatitwas

hardertoinnovatewithremoteworkers,"sa