福建省厦门市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省厦门市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试卷第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AToweringpeaks,sparklinglakes,andrarelyexportingwineareafewreasonstomakeSwitzerlandyournextvacationdestination.Herearesomeplacesforyoutoexplore.ZermattZermatthasbeencar-freefordecadestopreventpollution.It’sanall-seasonadventure-lovers’playgroundattractingvisitorsfromaroundtheglobe.Inthesummermonths,skiteamstrainatMatterhornGlacierParadise,Europe’slargestandhighestskiregion.Inadditiontoaccesstoextensiveoutdooractivities,thereareplentyofrelaxingeventslikewanderingalongZermatt’sBahnhofstrasse.Saas-FeeYou’llfindSwitzerland’shighestmountain,theDom,climbingaboveSaas-Fee,whichhasalwaysbeenfreeofcars.Duringthewarmermonths,visitorstravelonthedesigned-for-wanderingstreets,andhikerswalkwithpiecesofcarrotstuffedintheirpockets.Takethecablecar(缆车)totheMittelallalinandvisittheworld’shighestrevolving(旋转)restaurant,Allalin,whichturns360°everyhour.MürrenLocatedabovetheLauterbrunnenvalley,tinycar-freeMürrenattractsoutdoorenthusiasts—it’shometoSwitzerland’sfirstskischool—aswellasfansofJamesBond.ScenesfromthefilmOnHerMajesty’sSecretServicewerefilmedattherevolvingrestaurantontheSchilthornhighaboveMürren.SpyWorld,aninteractiveexhibitionaboutthe007movie,andtheSkylineViewplatformareafewotherattractions.RigiLocatedincentralSwitzerland,nearLakeLucerneandLakeZug,Rigihasbeenattractingvisitorssincethe18thcentury.Knownasthe“QueenoftheMountains”,RigihashostedQueenVictoria,painterWilliamTurner,andMarkTwain.TheBlueRigi,SunrisepaintedbyWilliamTurner,wasacquiredbytheTateGallery.Carsarenotallowedonthemountain.Visitorsusuallyreachtherebytrainorcablecar.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinSaas-Fee?A.Enjoyskiingallyearround. B.Viewthesceneryonaplatform.C.AdmirepaintingsbyWilliamTurner. D.Dineinthehighestrevolvingrestaurant.2.Whichdestinationwillprobablyattractafilmenthusiast?A.Zermatt. B.Saas-Fee. C.Mürren. D.Rigi.3.Whatdothefourregionshaveincommon?A.Theyarecar-freezones. B.Theyprovideinteractiveevents.C.Theyarefriendlytohikers. D.Theyhostfamouscelebrities.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了瑞士四个适合度假的无车地区及其特色活动。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Saas-Fee部分中“Takethecablecar(缆车)totheMittelallalinandvisittheworld’shighestrevolving(旋转)restaurant,Allalin,whichturns360°everyhour.(乘坐缆车前往米特拉拉灵山，参观世界上最高的旋转餐厅Allalin，该餐厅每小时旋转360度）可知，游客可以在Saas-Fee的最高旋转餐厅用餐。故选D。【2题详析】推理判断题。根据Mürren部分中“ScenesfromthefilmOnHerMajesty’sSecretServicewerefilmedattherevolvingrestaurantontheSchilthornhighaboveMürren.SpyWorld,aninteractiveexhibitionaboutthe007movie,andtheSkylineViewplatformareafewotherattractions.(电影《女王密使》中的场景是在Mürren上方的Schilthorn旋转餐厅拍摄的。SpyWorld是一个关于007电影的互动展览，SkylineView平台是其他一些景点)”可知，Mürren有与电影相关的景点和展览，因此可能会吸引电影爱好者。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据文章对四个地区的描述，第二段中“Zermatthasbeencar-freefordecadestopreventpollution.(几十年来一直禁止汽车通行，以防止污染)”、第三段中“You’llfindSwitzerland’shighestmountain,theDom,climbingaboveSaas-Fee,whichhasalwaysbeenfreeofcars.(你会发现瑞士最高的山峰——多姆峰，耸立在Saas-Fee之上，而Saas-Fee一直禁止汽车通行)”、第四段中“LocatedabovetheLauterbrunnenvalley,tinycar-freeMürrenattractsoutdoorenthusiasts—it’shometoSwitzerland’sfirstskischool—aswellasfansofJamesBond.(Mürren坐落于Lauterbrunnen山谷之上，小巧玲珑且禁止车辆通行，这里不仅是瑞士第一所滑雪学校的所在地，吸引着众多户外爱好者，还深受詹姆斯・邦德(007)粉丝的喜爱)”和最后一段中“Carsarenotallowedonthemountain.(山上不允许汽车通行)”可知，这四个地区的共同点都是无车区。故选A。BFeliciaLudwig,a37-year-olddataexpertfromMaryland,startedMarylandFossilFinders,anorganizationaimingtoteachpeoplehowtosearchforfossilsinSeptember2024.Herjourneybeganin2017whenshefounda30-million-year-oldstingray(红鱼)mouthpartonMatoakaBeach.Marylandhasgrownintoanimportantplaceforfossilfindingsbecauseofitsspecialearthhistory.In2023,majordiscoveriesincluded150-million-year-olddinosaurbonesnearLaurelanda12-million-year-oldwhaleheadboneinCalvertCounty.Thestate’sfossilsfromtheMioceneperiod(5—23millionyearsago)areverycommon,withsharkteethappearinginlargenumbers.Scientistsexplainthishappensbecausesharksnaturallylosemorethan10,000teethduringtheirlives.About15millionyearsback,thelandwestofHighway95andsouthtoRichmondlayunderseawaters.Theorganizationworksonmakingthingsaccessibleandteachingothers.Theyprovidefreeinternetcoursesandbeachtoursledbyexperts.Tohelpdifferentlearners,theyofferlanguagehelpersforSpanishspeakersandthosewithhearingdifficulties,plusspecialwheelchairsforbeachuse.In2024,threesuccessfuleventswereheld,includingonewhereDianeBowlby,a63-year-oldyogainstructor,collectedmultiplesharkteeth.Fouradditionalactivitiesweresetforspring2025.Yetproblemsremain,suchasskilledfossilhuntersnotsharingknowledge,lawslimitingwherepeoplecancollectfossils,andbeginnersaccidentallyharmingfossilsamples.Scienceexpertsadvisereportingimportantdiscoveries,likethe5-inchhugesharktootha9-year-oldfoundin2024,toplacesliketheCalvertMarineMuseumfordetailedstudy.Thegrouphas127officialmembersandkeepsgrowing.Maryland’snatureprotectiondepartmentwillannouncenewfossilhuntingrulessoontobettermanagelegalandenvironmentalprotectionissues.4.WhatmotivatedFeliciaLudwigtolaunchtheorganization?A.WorkingasadataexpertinMaryland.B.Spottinga30-million-year-oldfossil.C.Exploringthefishteethevolution.D.FindingdinosaurbonesinLaurel.5.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph2?A.IllustrateMaryland’sdistinctiveearthhistory.B.Describerecentevidenceofancientremains.C.Explaintheinlandpresenceofmarinefossils.D.Comparefossilfindingsfromdifferentperiods.6.WhichbestdescribesMarylandFossilFinders?A.Inspiringandcompetitive. B.Inclusiveandeducational.C.Sustainableandprofessional. D.Conventionalandinformative.7.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroducethedevelopmentoffossilhunting.B.Tohighlightscientificvaluesofmarinefossils.C.Toadvocatethebetterprotectionoffossilsites.D.Topromotepublicinterestinfossildiscovery.【答案】4.B5.A6.B7.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了FeliciaLudwig创立的MarylandFossilFinders组织，包括其成立背景、活动内容、面临的挑战以及未来发展等。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Herjourneybeganin2017whenshefounda30-million-year-oldstingray(红鱼)mouthpartonMatoakaBeach.(她的旅程始于2017年，当时她在Matoaka海滩发现了一个3000万年前的黄貂鱼嘴部化石)”可知，FeliciaLudwig是在发现了一个3000万年前的化石后，开始了她的化石探索之旅，并最终创立了MarylandFossilFinders组织。由此可知，发现化石是促使她创立组织的动机。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Marylandhasgrownintoanimportantplaceforfossilfindingsbecauseofitsspecialearthhistory.In2023,majordiscoveriesincluded150-million-year-olddinosaurbonesnearLaurelanda12-million-year-oldwhaleheadboneinCalvertCounty.Thestate’sfossilsfromtheMioceneperiod(5—23millionyearsago)areverycommon,withsharkteethappearinginlargenumbers.Scientistsexplainthishappensbecausesharksnaturallylosemorethan10,000teethduringtheirlives.About15millionyearsback,thelandwestofHighway95andsouthtoRichmondlayunderseawaters.(由于其特殊的地质历史，马里兰州已经成为化石发现的重要地点。2023年，主要发现包括在Laurel附近发现的1.5亿年前的恐龙骨骼和在卡尔弗特县发现的1200万年前的鲸鱼头骨。该州中新世(500万至2300万年前)的化石非常常见，其中鲨鱼牙齿数量众多。科学家解释说，这是因为鲨鱼在一生中自然脱落的牙齿超过1万颗。大约1500万年前，95号公路以西、南至里士满的土地都位于海水之下)”可知，本段主要描述了马里兰州近年来发现的一些重要的古代遗迹化石，如恐龙骨骼和鲸鱼头骨等。这些内容都是为了说明马里兰州独特的地球历史。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theorganizationworksonmakingthingsaccessibleandteachingothers.Theyprovidefreeinternetcoursesandbeachtoursledbyexperts.Tohelpdifferentlearners,theyofferlanguagehelpersforSpanishspeakersandthosewithhearingdifficulties,plusspecialwheelchairsforbeachuse.(该组织致力于使事物变得易于接触并教授他人。他们提供免费的网络课程和由专家带领的海滩游览。为了帮助不同的学习者，他们为讲西班牙语的人和有听力障碍的人提供语言帮助，还为海滩使用提供特殊轮椅)”可知，MarylandFossilFinders组织提供免费课程、专家带领的海滩游览，并为不同学习者提供语言帮助和特殊轮椅，说明该组织具有包容性和教育性。故选B。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“FeliciaLudwig,a37-year-olddataexpertfromMaryland,startedMarylandFossilFinders,anorganizationaimingtoteachpeoplehowtosearchforfossilsinSeptember2024.(来自马里兰州的37岁数据专家FeliciaLudwig于2024年9月创立了MarylandFossilFinders组织，旨在教人们如何寻找化石)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了MarylandFossilFinders组织的成立背景、活动内容、面临的挑战以及未来发展等，旨在推广公众对化石发现的兴趣。故选D。CIntersectionsaredeadlyplaces,wheremorethanhalfofallcarcrashesoccur.Astudyshowsthatsolvingpartofthispublichealthcrisiscouldcomedowntoasimple,surprisingtool.It’snotanewtrafficsignalorabigstructure:it’sabucketofpaint.Artprojectspaintedontostreetsandintersectionssignificantlyimprovesafety,reducingtherateofcrashesinvolvingcarsandpedestrians(行人)byupto50%andallcrashesby17%,accordingtothestudy.Theseroadartprojectsincludemulti-coloredwalldecorationsandpaintjobsonthestreets,crosswalks,andasphalt(沥青)inandaroundbusyintersections.Oftenbrightandhardfordriverstomiss,theytendtocausedriverstoslowdown,bemorecareful,andbemoreattentivetopedestrians.ThesimpleinterventionshavebeenadoptedaspartofBloombergPhilanthropies’AsphaltArtInitiative,whichhasissuedfundsto41U.S.citiesandthreeEuropeancities.Thisstudyfocusedonsomeoftheseprojects,anditsfindingsprovidedatatosuggesttheycanmakeintersectionssafer.Sadik-Khan,aformercommissioneroftheNewYorkCityDepartmentofTransportation,startedwithasimplepaintjobonthestreetandsomeplastictrafficposts.Theprojecthadapositiveeffectontraveltimes,increasedpedestrianactivity,andevenbenefitedbusinessesinthearea.Now,suchprojectsarebeingextendedacrossthecountrywithsimilarbenefits.Somewerecompletedforjustafewthousanddollars.Afewcostevenhundreds.Theydon’tautomaticallytranslateintosafetyimprovements,though.ThestudyfoundthatasphaltartprojectsinAtlantaandDecatur,Georgia,weren’trelatedtocrashreductions,withcrashratesincreasing41%and28%respectively.ButBloombergPhilanthropiesplanstocontinuethework.They’llgive$25,000toasmanyas20Europeancitiestodotheirownroadartprojects.Withdecreasedcrashesreportedinthestudy,Sadik-Khanishopingothercitieswillseethebenefitofdoingthesekindsofprojects.8.Whatdoweknowaboutroadartprojects?A.Theyneedagreatdealofmoney. B.Theyfunctionpermanently.C.Theyraiseconcernindrivers. D.Theyhelpdriversconcentrate.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“interventions”refertoinparagraph3?A.Financialinvestmentplans. B.Streetpaintingprojects.C.Trafficcontrolregulations. D.Walldecorationpractices.10.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheAsphaltArtInitiative’sfuturestrategy?A.Itwillexpanddespitemixedoutcomes.B.Itwillreplacetraditionaltrafficmethods.C.Itwillfocusonsuburbanintersectionsnext.D.ItwillprioritizeEuropeancitiesoverUScities.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.Bloomberg’sInitiativeTransformsAmericanArts.B.ColorfulRoadsBoostLocalTourisminMajorCities.C.InnovativeTrafficSignalsEnhancePedestrianSafety.D.Cost-EfficientStreetArtEnsuresSaferUrbanRoads.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，街道和十字路口的艺术彩绘项目可显著提升安全性，减少车祸，该项目成本低，虽部分城市效果不佳，但相关计划仍将扩展。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Oftenbrightandhardfordriverstomiss,theytendtocausedriverstoslowdown,bemorecareful,andbemoreattentivetopedestrians.(这些作品通常色彩鲜艳、难以被司机忽视，往往会促使司机减速、更加小心，并更加留意行人)”可知，道路艺术项目有助于司机集中注意力。故选D。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Artprojectspaintedontostreetsandintersectionssignificantlyimprovesafety,reducingtherateofcrashesinvolvingcarsandpedestrians(行人)byupto50%andallcrashesby17%,accordingtothestudy.(根据这项研究，将艺术作品绘制在街道和交叉路口能够显著提高安全性，可将涉及汽车和行人的事故率降低多达50%，并将所有事故率降低17%)”可知，第三段中“interventions”指代前文提到的内容。第二段主要介绍“Artprojectspaintedontostreetsandintersections”（街道和十字路口的艺术彩绘项目），第三段承接上文，说明这些简单的“干预措施”被纳入相关计划，因此“interventions”指“街头彩绘项目”。故选B。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段“Theydon’tautomaticallytranslateintosafetyimprovements,though.ThestudyfoundthatasphaltartprojectsinAtlantaandDecatur,Georgia,weren’trelatedtocrashreductions,withcrashratesincreasing41%and28%respectively.(然而，这些举措并不会自动带来安全方面的改善。研究发现，在佐治亚州的亚特兰大和迪凯特市开展的沥青艺术项目与事故减少并无关联，事故率分别上升了41%和28%)”以及第六段“ButBloombergPhilanthropiesplanstocontinuethework.(但布隆伯格慈善基金会计划继续开展这项工作)”可知，尽管结果好坏参半，该计划仍将扩大实施。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Intersectionsaredeadlyplaces,wheremorethanhalfofallcarcrashesoccur.Astudyshowsthatsolvingpartofthispublichealthcrisiscouldcomedowntoasimple,surprisingtool.It’snotanewtrafficsignalorabigstructure:it’sabucketofpaint.(交叉路口是极其危险的地方，这里发生的车祸占所有车祸总数的一半以上。一项研究表明，解决这一公共健康危机的部分问题或许可以依靠一个简单而令人意想不到的工具。它并非新的交通信号灯或大型建筑，而是一桶油漆)”结合文章主要说明了研究表明，街道和十字路口的艺术彩绘项目可显著提升安全性，减少车祸，该项目成本低，虽部分城市效果不佳，但相关计划仍将扩展。可知，D选项“成本效益高的街头艺术能确保城市道路更加安全”最符合文章标题。故选D。DWhenseeingsomeonebeingkindorgenerous,wefeelwarminside.Researcherscallthis“moralelevation(提升),”anditnotonlyfeelsgoodbutinspiresustodogoodourselves.Buthowmuchdoeswitnessinggoodaffectus—andwhy?Anewanalysisofdecadesofresearchaimedtofindouttheanswers.Theresultssuggestthatouractsofkindnessandgenerosity,onlineoroffline,canhavemeaningfulrippleeffects(连锁反应)inourcommunities.Researcherscombinedresultsfrom88studiesinvolvingover25,000participantstomeasurehowmuchourownkindnessincreasesafterwitnessingsomeoneactinggenerously—forexample,comfortingsomeonecrying,donatingtocharity,oractingcooperativelyinacompetitivegame.Inthestudies,peoplewouldreadaboutorseesomeoneactinakindwayandthenhavetheopportunitytobekindandgenerousthemselves.Theanalysisshowedareasonablystrongeffect,wherepeoplewitnessingkindnesstendedtoactkindnessthemselves.“Themessagethattheprosocial(亲社会的)behaviorsarequiteinfectiousisareallyimportantmessagethatpeopleshouldknow.”saystheleadresearcher,HaesungJung.Interestingly,heranalysesshowedthatitdidn’tmatterhowpeoplewitnessedakindact.Theycouldhavereadaboutit,watchedaTVshow,oractuallybeenpresentwhensomeonehelpedothers.Italsodoesn’tmatterwhetherornottheysawsomeonegivingmaterialornon-materialhelp.Buttherewerefactorsthatdidaffecthowinspiredpeopleweretopayitforward.Themoretimethathadpassedsincepeoplesawaselflessact,thelowertheirmotivationtohelpothers.Italsomatteredwhatkindofresponsetothekindnesspeopleobserved.Ifwitnessessawsuchpeoplepraisedorevenrewardedwithmoney,theywouldhaveagreaterlikelihoodtopayitforwardthemselves.Theresearchisofgreatvalueforsociety—particularlynow,whenweneedpeopletoactinmoreprosocialways.“Inorganizations,educationalsettings,andjusteverydaylife,it’simportanttohighlightkindness,caring,andgoodsocialbehavior,”saysJung.“Doinggoodhasamuchlargerimpactthanpeoplerealize.”12.Whatisthecorenatureofmoralelevation?A.Thedesiretohelpothersdirectly.B.Onlineandofflinecommunityeffects.C.Cooperationintakinggenerousactions.D.Positiveimpactsfromobservingkindness.13.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Bytrackingwitnesses’behaviorfordecades.B.Byinterviewingsubjectsabouttheirmoralbeliefs.C.Byanalyzingformerstudiesaboutkindnessincrease.D.Bycomparingparticipants’responsestobeinghelped.14.Whoismorelikelytopassonthekindnessaccordingtothetext?A.Apersonreadingstoriesofgivingonline.B.Apersonseeingkindnessbeingrecognized.C.Apersonnoticingothersoffernon-materialhelp.D.Apersonexperiencingakindactafewyearsago.15.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Challengesinmaintainingconsistentgenerosity.B.Approachestostudyingprosocialbehaviortrends.C.Significanceofencouragingprosocialactsinsociety.D.Necessityforeducatingthepublictopresentkindness.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了研究表明，目睹善举（无论方式、形式）会让人更愿行善，其受时间和对善举的回应影响，此研究对社会意义重大。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Researcherscallthis“moralelevation(提升),”anditnotonlyfeelsgoodbutinspiresustodogoodourselves.(研究人员称之为“道德提升”，它不仅让人感觉良好，还激励我们自己做好事。)”以及第二段中“Theresultssuggestthatouractsofkindnessandgenerosity,onlineoroffline,canhavemeaningfulrippleeffects(连锁反应)inourcommunities.(研究结果表明，我们的善良和慷慨行为，无论是在线上还是线下，都能在我们的社区产生有意义的连锁反应。)”可知，“道德提升”指的是目睹善举后产生的积极影响，包括内心的温暖和行善的动力。故选D项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Researcherscombinedresultsfrom88studiesinvolvingover25,000participantstomeasurehowmuchourownkindnessincreasesafterwitnessingsomeoneactinggenerously(研究人员综合了88项研究的结果，涉及25000多名参与者，以衡量在目睹某人的慷慨行为。)”可推知，研究人员通过分析88项过往研究的结果来开展这项研究。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段中“Ifwitnessessawsuchpeoplepraisedorevenrewardedwithmoney,theywouldhaveagreaterlikelihoodtopayitforwardthemselves.(如果目击者看到这样的人受到表扬，甚至得到金钱奖励，他们更有可能把自己的爱传递出去。)”，可推知，看到善举得到认可（表扬或奖励）的人更有可能传递善意。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段内容尤其是“Theresearchisofgreatvalueforsociety—particularlynow,whenweneedpeopletoactinmoreprosocialways.(这项研究对社会有很大的价值，尤其是现在，当我们需要人们以更亲社会的方式行事的时候。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是在社会中鼓励亲社会行为的意义。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Appreciatingpoetrybeginswithwelcomingitsuniquerhythmandlanguage.Startbyreadingthepoemaloud,allowingitsrhythmtoreachyouemotionally.Poetryismeanttobeheardandrecitingitcanrevealhiddenpatternsoremotionsthatsilentreadingmightmiss.____16____Doesthepoemspeeduporslowdown?Theseshiftsoftenmirroritsthemes.Noticethestructure.Poemsaren’tjustwordsonapage.Theirform,includingrhymeschemes,stanzabreaks,andlinelengths,contributestomeaning.Atightlystructuredpoemmightevoke(唤起)order,whilebrokenlinescouldreflectchaos.Don’toverlookpunctuation(标点)orcapitalization.____17____Engageyourselfinimageryandmetaphor.Poetspaintpictureswithwords,sovisualizethescenestheydescribe.Ask:Whatsensesareengaged?Apoemaboutrainmightfeelcoldanddamp.Figurativelanguagelikesimilesandmetaphorsinvitesyoutoexploredeeperconnectionsbetweenseeminglyunrelatedideas.Considerthepoet’sperspective.Whoisspeaking?Isitthepoet’svoice,acharacter,oranabstractbeing?Understandingthe“speaker”canclarifythepoem’sintention.____18____Historicalevents,personalexperiences,orculturalsymbolsmayinfluenceitsmeaning.____19____Poetrygrowsonemotion,andthere’sno“correct”interpretation.Yourresponse—whetherjoy,sorrow,orcuriosity—isacceptable.Revisitthepoem:meaningsoftenchangewitheachreading.Takedownquestionsitraises,andresearchunfamiliarreferencesiftheyinterestyou.Inshort,appreciatingpoetryisanadventureofdiscovery.Slowdown,listen,andtrustyourfeelings.____20____Rather,it’saboutappreciatingtheinterplayofsound,image,andideathatmakespoetrytimeless.A.Letyourselffeel.B.Contextmattersaswell.C.Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.D.Theseshapehowyoustopandinterpret.E.Payattentiontohowwordsflowtogether.F.Thepoem’sbackgrounddeterminesthestyle.G.Thisisnotlikeunlockinga“secretpassword”.【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.A20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了欣赏诗歌的方法。【16题详析】根据下文“Doesthepoemspeeduporslowdown?Theseshiftsoftenmirroritsthemes.(这首诗的节奏是加快还是放慢？这些变化往往反映了它的主题)”可知，引出后文关于诗歌节奏变化的内容，因为单词组合流动的方式决定节奏，节奏变化又反映主题。E选项“注意单词是如何组合在一起流动的”符合语境，故选E。【17题详析】根据上文“Theirform,includingrhymeschemes,stanzabreaks,andlinelengths,contributestomeaning.Atightlystructuredpoemmightevoke(唤起)order,whilebrokenlinescouldreflectchaos.Don’toverlookpunctuation(标点)orcapitalization.(它们的形式，包括押韵方案、诗节划分和行长，都有助于表达意义。结构严谨的诗歌可能唤起秩序感，而破碎的诗句可能反映混乱。不要忽视标点符号或大写字母)”可知，承接前文，说明诗歌形式中的元素以及标点产生的影响。D选项“这些决定了你如何停顿和解读”符合语境，故选D。【18题详析】根据上文Understandingthe“speaker”canclarifythepoem’sintention.(理解“讲述者”可以阐明诗歌的意图)”及“Historicalevents,personalexperiences,orculturalsymbolsmayinfluenceitsmeaning.(历史事件、个人经历或文化符号可能会影响它的意义)”可知，承上启下，引出后文关于诗歌背景对其意义产生影响的内容，说明除了理解讲述者，背景对理解诗歌也很关键。B选项“背景也很重要”符合语境，故选B。【19题详析】此空为段落小标题。根据下文“Poetrygrowsonemotion,andthere’sno“correct”interpretation.Yourresponse—whetherjoy,sorrow,orcuriosity—isacceptable.Revisitthepoem:meaningsoftenchangewitheachreading.Takedownquestionsitraises,andresearchunfamiliarreferencesiftheyinterestyou.(诗歌基于情感，没有“正确”的解读。你的反应——无论是喜悦、悲伤还是好奇——都是可以接受的。重新审视这首诗：每次阅读，其含义往往会发生变化。记录下它引发的问题，如果感兴趣，研究不熟悉的典故)”可知，选项强调欣赏诗歌要跟随自己的情感，引出后文关于情感反应及重新审视诗歌等内容。A选项“让自己去感受”符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选A。【20题详析】根据下文“Rather,it’saboutappreciatingtheinterplayofsound,image,andideathatmakespoetrytimeless.(相反，它是关于欣赏声音、意象和思想的相互作用，使诗歌永恒)”可知，选项引出后文对欣赏诗歌真正意义的阐述，通过对比说明欣赏诗歌并非追求唯一正确答案，而是感受其各元素的相互作用。故G选项“这不像解开一个“秘密密码””符合语境，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mygrandmother,orphaned(成为孤儿)at12,immigratedtoViennaandlivedinanorphanagewhileworkingandattendingschool.Herjournalrevealedhermovingtaleof____21____.Thestorypulledmeinand____22____mestrongly.Whilereading,IrealizedI’dnever____23____anotherwomaninthesameway.Sheplantedtheseedsformy____24____career—notonlybecauseshelovedthewrittenword,butbecauseshetaughtmehowto____25____.Onemorning,she____26____meintoherroom.“Haveaseat,”shesaid,pointingtoherchair.“Typingisahandyskill.Youneverknowwhatkindsofstoriesyou’llwantto____27____.”Sheplacedmyrighthandonthehomekeysofhertypewriterandthenrepeatedthesame____28____withmyleft.Shetaughtmesomethingthathas____29____measawritereversince.Writingaboutherhasbeenmywayofkeepingher_____30_____.Afterreadingherjournal,Isawhow_____31_____wewere—bothstrongandbothcaretakers.Herwordsremindedmeofthe_____32_____ofwritingandpassingonstories.Icompletedmyfirstmemoir(回忆录)onwhatwouldhavebeenher100thbirthday.Inwritingit,Igaineda(n)_____33_____understandingofherlifeandwhatshetolerated.Reconnectingwithhermademerealizealifewithoutloveisnolifeatallandthatthosewhosurvivechildhoodtrauma(创伤)will_____34_____itsweightforever.ItiswiththisnewunderstandingthatIwillholdmygrandmother’s_____35_____closetomyheartandwillneverletitgo.21.A.adventure B.success C.recovery D.survival22.A.surprised B.influenced C.confused D.bothered23.A.connectedwith B.turnedto C.competedwith D.tendedto24.A.editing B.publishing C.writing D.teaching25.A.type B.read C.play D.behave26.A.followed B.invited C.forced D.helped27.A.enjoy B.remember C.tell D.collect28.A.gesture B.pose C.signal D.pattern29.A.trained B.honored C.saved D.rewarded30.A.fit B.awake C.wise D.alive31.A.busy B.similar C.lucky D.unique32.A.value B.style C.idea D.method33.A.balanced B.established C.renewed D.enriched34.A.lose B.hide C.shift D.carry35.A.tradition B.soul C.journal D.typewriter【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.C25.A26.B27.C28.A29.A30.D31.B32.A33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了祖母的生存日记影响了作者，她教作者打字，为作者的写作生涯奠基。作者写回忆录纪念祖母，加深了对她的理解，珍藏她的灵魂。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的日记记录了她那感人至深的求生经历。A.adventure冒险；B.success成功；C.recovery恢复；D.survival幸存。根据上文“Mygrandmother,orphanedat12,immigratedtoViennaandlivedinanorphanagewhileworkingandattendingschool.”可知，祖母12岁成为孤儿，在孤儿院生活、工作并上学，日记记录的应是她的“生存”经历，故选D。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个故事深深地吸引了我，并对我产生了很大的影响。A.surprised使惊奇；B.influenced影响；C.confused使困惑；D.bothered麻烦。根据上文“Thestorypulledmeinand”可知，故事吸引作者，影响了作者。故选B。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在阅读的过程中，我意识到自己从未与另一位女性有过如此亲密的交流。A.connectedwith与……联系；B.turnedto求助；C.competedwith和……比赛；D.tendedto倾向于。根据后文“anotherwomaninthesameway”可知，阅读日记让作者意识到从未以同样方式与其他女性“建立联系”，体现祖母对作者的特殊意义。故选A。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为我的写作生涯奠定了基础——不仅因为她热爱文字本身，还因为她教会了我如何打字。A.editing编辑；B.publishing出版；C.writing写；D.teaching教学。后文多次提到“writing”“memoir”等，说明祖母为作者的写作生涯埋下种子，故选C。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她为我的写作生涯奠定了基础——不仅因为她热爱文字本身，还因为她教会了我如何打字。A.type打字；B.read阅读；C.play玩耍；D.behave行为。根据后文“Sheplacedmyrighthandonthehomekeys”可知，祖母教会作者如何打字。故选A。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天早上，她邀请我进了她的房间。A.followed跟随；B.invited邀请；C.forced迫使；D.helped帮助。根据后文““Haveaseat,”shesaid,pointingtoherchair.“Typingisahandyskill.”可知，祖母让作者坐下教打字，是邀请。故选B。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你永远不知道自己会想讲什么样的故事。”A.enjoy欣赏；B.remember记得；C.tell告诉；D.collect收集。与上文“storiesyou’llwantto”中stories搭配应用tell。故选C。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她将我的右手放在她打字机的基准键上，然后又用左手重复了同样的动作。A.gesture动作；手势；B.pose故作姿态；C.signal信号；D.pattern模式。根据上文“Sheplacedmyrighthandonthehomekeysofhertypewriterandthenrepeatedthesame”可知，祖母先放作者右手在基准键，再对左手做同样动作，gesture指具体手势动作，故选A。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从那时起，她教会了我一些东西，这些东西激励着我成为一名优秀的作家。A.trained训练；B.honored尊重；C.saved挽救；D.rewarded奖励。根据后文“measawritereversince”祖母教的打字技能训练了作为作家的作者，对写作生涯有基础作用。故选A。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：写关于她的文章是我让她继续存在于世的方式。A.fit合适的；B.awake醒着的；C.wise明智的；D.alive活着的。根据上文“Writingaboutherhasbeenmywayofkeepingher”可知，写关于祖母的故事是让她“活着”的方式，即留存她的记忆的方式，故选D。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：读完她的日记后，我发现自己和她有多么相似——我们都坚强，也都乐于照顾他人。A.busy忙碌的；B.similar相似的；C.lucky幸运的；D.unique独特的。破折号后“bothstrongandbothcaretakers”说明作者和祖母很相似，故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的这番话让我想起了写作以及传承故事的重要性。A.value价值；B.style风格；C.idea想法；D.method方法。根据后文“ofwritingandpassingonstories”指祖母的文字让作者意识到写作和传承故事的价值，符合对写作意义的感悟，故选A。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在写作的过程中，我对她的生活以及她所忍受的一切有了全新的认识。A.balanced平衡的；B.established确立已久的；C.renewed全新的；D.enriched强化的。根据后文“understandingofherlifeandwhatshetolerated”可知，通过写回忆录，作者对祖母的生活有了全新的理解，renewed体现认知的更新，故选C。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：再次与她重逢让我明白，没有爱的生活根本就不是生活，而那些经历过童年创伤的人，将永远背负着那份伤痛。A.lose失去；B.hide隐藏；C.shift转换；D.carry搬运，背负。根据后文“itsweight”指童年创伤幸存者会永远背负其重量，故选D。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是基于这种新的认识，我将把祖母的灵魂紧紧地珍藏在心中，永远不会放手。A.tradition传统；B.soul灵魂；C.journal日记；D.typewriter打字机。根据后文“closetomyheart”以及结合全文，作者将珍藏祖母的“灵魂”，体现对她精神的传承，故选B。第二节语法填空(共3篇，10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)A阅读下列短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ahealthylifestyleisaboutfindingtherightbalanceandmakinggoodchoices.Lifeiscomposedofmanyelements.Ifoneelement____36____(dominate)yourlifeandtheothersareignored,youwilllosebalanceandnotfeelgood.Soremember,examineyourdailyactivitiescarefully.Yourhealthreliesonwhatyouchoose____37____(do)inyourd