广东省深圳市部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省深圳市部分学校2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Thebusinessmanfoundedthecharity________memoryofhislatewife,whohadengaged________manyactivitiestohelpthoseinneed.A.by;with B.at;at C.in;in D.on;for【答案】C【详析】考查固定短语。句意：这位商人创办了这个慈善机构以纪念他已故的妻子，她生前参加了许多帮助有需要的人的活动。“inmemoryof”是固定短语，意为“为了纪念……”；“engagein”也是固定搭配，意思是“参加，从事”。所以第一空填“in”，第二空填“in”，故选C。2.Atthattimethefireswereburningoutof________controlinthemountain,whichleft________impressiononus.A.a;an B.the;the C.不填;an D.a;不填【答案】C【详析】考查冠词。句意：当时山上的大火已经失控，这给我们留下了深刻的印象。outofcontrol“失控”，是固定搭配，中间不需要加冠词，因此第一个空不填冠词。固定搭配leaveanimpressiononsb.意为“给某人留下印象”，所以第二个空应填an。故选C。3.Nowadays,peopleliveinanage________moreinformationisavailablewithgreatereasethaneverbefore.A.where B.which C.that D.when【答案】D【详析】考查定语从句。句意：如今，人们生活在一个比以往任何时候都更容易获得更多信息的时代。空处引导定语从句，先行词是age，表示“时代”，在定语从句中作时间状语，所以应该用关系副词when来引导该定语从句。故选D。4.The________ofsomethingisthejudgementoropinionaboutthevalueorqualityofsb/sth.A.estimation B.heritage C.emphasis D.welfare【答案】A【详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对某事物的“estimation”就是对某人或某物的价值或质量的判断或意见。A.estimation判断，估计，评价；B.heritage遗产，传统；C.emphasis重点，强调；D.welfare福利，幸福。根据空后的“thejudgementoropinionaboutthevalueorqualityofsb/sth(对某人或某物的价值或质量的判断或意见)”可知，这里描述的是estimation(判断；评价)的含义。故选A。5.________shebecameanartistmayhavebeenduetoherfather’sinfluence.A.That B.What C.Who D.Where【答案】A【详析】考查主语从句。句意：她成为一名艺术家可能是由于她父亲的影响。“________shebecameanartist”是一个主语从句，从句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故应用只起连接作用的that引导。故选A。6.Bruce________atthistimelastyear,andnowhe’sbeenanengineerinthecompanyforawholeyear.A.wasinterviewing B.hadbeeninterviewed C.interviewed D.wasbeinginterviewed【答案】D【详析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：布鲁斯去年这个时候正在接受面试，现在他已经在公司当了一整年的工程师了。设空处为谓语，根据“atthistimelastyear”可知，这里强调的是过去某个具体时间点正在进行的动作。主语和谓语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，其结构为“was/were+being+过去分词”，主语Bruce，be动词用was，故选D。7.Isuggestyoushouldnot________yourfathertonight,forhe’sgotalotonhismind.A.repay B.bother C.assist D.expose【答案】B【详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我建议你今晚不要打扰你的父亲，因为他心里有很多事。A.repay偿还，报答；B.bother打扰，烦扰；C.assist协助，帮助；D.expose暴露，揭露。根据后文“forhe’sgotalotonhismind(因为他心里有很多事)”可知，父亲现在心思多、可能比较烦躁，所以这里是说不要去打扰他。bother表示“打扰，烦扰”，符合语境。故选B。8.Withabook________infrontofyourface,youcanfeeltheairmovingagainstyourface.A.beingwaved B.iswaving C.iswaved D.havingwaved【答案】A【详析】考查with的复合结构。句意：当一本书在你面前挥动时，你可以感觉到空气在你的脸上移动。设空处为with的宾语补足语，宾语和补足语之间是被动关系，表示动作正在进行，应用现在分词的被动语态，故选A。9.Inthelongrun,itmakessenseforyoutosettledownandfinda(n)________job.A.convincing B.mysterious C.permanent D.organic【答案】C【详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从长远来看，你安定下来找一份固定的工作是有意义的。A.convincing有说服力的；B.mysterious神秘的；C.permanent永久的，固定的；D.organic有机的。根据前文“Inthelongrun,itmakessenseforyoutosettledown”可知，这里说的是安定下来找一份固定的工作，permanent表示“永久的，固定的”。故选C。10.________wasn’tuntilweeachwentourseparatewaysthatIbegantolearnhowtodothingsformyself.A.What B.It C.That D.As【答案】B【详析】考查强调句。句意：直到大家各奔东西，我才开始学着如何自己做事情。此句为not...until的强调句型，强调句的基本结构是：Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。当被强调部分是人时，可以用who或that；当被强调部分是物或其他情况时，用that。本句强调的是时间状语“untilweeachwentourseparateways”，故选B。11.Asisknowntoall,earlydetectionofcancersis________importantforapotentialpatient.A.vitally B.visually C.optimistically D.gracefully【答案】A【详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，癌症的早期发现对潜在患者至关重要。A.vitally极其，至关重要地；B.visually视觉上，外观上；C.optimistically乐观地；D.gracefully优雅地，优美地。根据句意可知是极其，至关重要地，故选A。12.________didthiswillsoonerorlaterbecaughtandwillbepunished.A.Whenever B.However C.Whoever D.Wherever【答案】C【详析】考查连接词辨析。句意：无论谁做了这件事，迟早都会被抓住并受到惩罚。A.Whenever无论何时；B.However无论如何；C.Whoever无论谁；D.Wherever无论何地。空格处引导主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁”，应用Whoever引导该主语从句。故选C。13.________togooutalone,theretiredpresidenthadtogoforawalk,followedbyseveralbodyguards.A.Havingwarnednot B.Towarnnot C.Beingnotwarned D.Warnednot【答案】D【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被警告不要独自外出，这位退休的总统不得不带着几个保镖去散步。本句谓语为hadtogo，此处为非谓语动词。warn“警告”与主语theretiredpresident之间是被动关系，所以要用过去分词形式，warnsb.nottodosth.意为“警告某人不要做某事”，其被动形式为“sb.bewarnednottodosth.”，这里用过去分词短语warnednottogooutalone，作原因状语。故选D。14.Ifthenewbridgeacrosstheriver________bytheendofnextyearcan’tbeputintouseintime,theconstructioncompanywillbefined.A.tobecompleted B.tobecompleting C.beingcompleted D.havingcompleted【答案】A【详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果横跨河流的新桥无法在明年年底前如期完工并投入使用，承建公司将被处以罚款。空格处为后置定语修饰前面的名词短语thenewbridgeacrosstheriver，complete与被修饰词bridge之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态表示“将要被完成”。故选A项。15.Duetothedriver’scarelessness,thecarlostcontroland________atreelastnight.A.turnedout B.crashedinto C.coexistedwith D.spreadto【答案】B【详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于司机的粗心大意，昨晚这辆车失控然后撞上了一棵树。A.turnedout结果是，证明是；B.crashedinto撞上，撞到……上；C.coexistedwith与……共存；D.spreadto传播到，蔓延到。根据前文“Duetothedriver’scarelessness,thecarlostcontrol(由于司机的粗心大意，汽车失去了控制)”可知，这里是说汽车失控后撞到了树上，crashedinto有“撞上”的意思，符合语境。故选B。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEventCalendarTheLastWildPlacesofKansasTime:March7,20255:30pm-6:30pmLocation:SmokyHillMuseumLobby(大厅)Description:Buckleup(系好安全带)forthisfantasticroadtripwithGeorgeFrazier,authorofTheLastWildPlacesofKansas:JourneysintoHiddenLandscapes.You’lllearnaboutmanyunderappreciated,perhapsunknownplacesinthesunflowerstate.Georgeisasoftwarearchitectandwriterwhoseworkhasappearedinmanymagazines.He’llalsobeonhandtosigncopiesofhisbookafterthepresentation.ContactInformation:NonaMiller;Tel:785-309-5776ViewsoftheWestTime:April3,20255:30pm-6:30pmLocation:SmokyHillMuseumLobbyDescription:ThisprogramisheldbyDr.DanielWildcat,aYuchi(aNativeAmericanpeopleoncelivinginnorthernGeorgiaandeasternTennessee)memberoftheMuscogeeNationofOklahoma.HewillshareaboutthemovementoftheFirstPeoples,theirexperienceofwhatwouldbecomeKansasandtheirinitialcontactswithsettlersmovingwest.ContactInformation:GeorgeWhite;Tel:785-309-5529SortingOutRaceTime:May18,202510:00am-3:30pmLocation:SmokyHillMuseum,CentralGalleryDescription:Everyday,thriftstores(旧货店)acrossAmericareceivedonationsofobjectsthatshowracial(种族的)imagery.Shouldthriftstoresselltheseobjects,orshouldtheobjectsbe“sortedout”oftheresaleenvironment?Thisexhibitismeanttoheightenawarenessofourcontinuingstruggleswithrace.ContactInformation:JoshuaMorris;Tel:785-309-3960PowertoPeopleTime:June4,20259:00am-11:30amLocation:SmokyHillMuseum,CentralGalleryDescription:TheSmokyHillMuseum’sPowertoPeopleexhibitexaminespopcultureinthe1960sinAmerica.Fromtoys,tomusic,tovideos,manyvisitorscanrelive(回味)the1960sandshareitwiththeyoungergenerations.TestyourknowledgewiththeCultureVulturecompetitionandwatchsomeofyourfavoriteTVshowsandmovies.ContactInformation:LindaGreen;Tel:785-309-126916.Whatnumbercanthoseinterestedinpopcultureaboutsixtyyearsagocall?A.785-309-1269. B.785-309-5529. C.785-309-3960. D.785-309-5776.17.WhatcanparticipantsdoattheeventoftheLastWildPlacesofKansas?A.Sortoutdonationsofobjects. B.Buysomesecond-handthings.C.Answersomehistoryquestions. D.HearaboutunfamiliarplacesinKansas.18.WhowillmainlytalkabouttheFirstPeoplesmovingwest?A.GeorgeWhite. B.DanielWildcat. C.NonaMiller. D.GeorgeFrazier.【答案】16.A17.D18.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个在SmokyHillMuseum举办的活动，包括活动时间、地点、描述以及联系方式等信息。【16题详析】细节理解题。根据PowertoPeople部分“TheSmokyHillMuseum’sPowertoPeopleexhibitexaminespopcultureinthe1960sinAmerica.(斯莫基希尔博物馆的“权力归人民”展览审视了20世纪60代美国的流行文化)”和“ContactInformation:LindaGreen;Tel:785-309-1269(联系方式：琳达・格林；电话：785-309-1269)”可知，对60年前流行文化感兴趣的人应拨打785-309-1269。故选A。【17题详析】细节理解题。根据TheLastWildPlacesofKansas部分“You’lllearnaboutmanyunderappreciated,perhapsunknownplacesinthesunflowerstate.(你将了解到在这个向日葵州许多未被重视的，也许不为人知的地方)”可知，参加者可以在“堪萨斯最后的荒野”活动中听到堪萨斯州一些不熟悉的地方。故选D。【18题详析】细节理解题。根据ViewsoftheWest部分“ThisprogramisheldbyDr.DanielWildcat,aYuchi(aNativeAmericanpeopleoncelivinginnorthernGeorgiaandeasternTennessee)memberoftheMuscogeeNationofOklahoma.HewillshareaboutthemovementoftheFirstPeoples,theirexperienceofwhatwouldbecomeKansasandtheirinitialcontactswithsettlersmovingwest.(这个项目是由丹尼尔·野猫博士主持的，他是俄克拉何马州马斯科基族的Yuchi(曾经生活在乔治亚州北部和田纳西州东部的美国原住民)成员。他将分享第一民族的迁徙，他们在后来成为堪萨斯的地方的经历，以及他们与向西迁移的定居者的最初接触)”可知，DanielWildcat将主要讲述原住民西迁的相关内容。故选B。BShe’sasuccessfulbusinesswoman,amemberofarockband,andaWomen’sWorldCupsoccerplayer.Whoisthissuperstar?It’snoneotherthanBarbie,thedoll.Alittlehardtobelievethat,buttheBarbiedollstartedoutasahumanbeing!ShewasBarbaraHandler,thedaughterofRuthandElliotHandler.TheinspirationforBarbiecameintheearly1950s,asRuthwaswatchingherdaughterBarbaraplayingwithpaperdolls.Barbaraandherfriendsusedthedollstoplayadultsorteenagers,imaginingrolesofcollegestudents,cheerleadersandotheradultsforthem.Ruthimmediatelyrecognizedthatexperimentingwiththefuturefromasafedistancethroughplaywasanimportantpartofgrowingup.Becausealltheadultdollsatthetimeweremadeofpaperorcardboard,Ruthdecidedtocreatea3Dadultfemaledoll,onelifelike(栩栩如生的)enoughtoserveasaninspirationforherdaughter’sdreamofherfuture.RuthtookherideatotheaddepartmentatMattelCorp.,thecompanythatsheandherhusbandhadfoundedsomeyearsbefore.Thecommitteerejectedtheideaasitwouldcosttoomuchmoneywithlittlepotential(潜力)formass-marketappeal.ThenRuthreturnedfromatriptoEuropewitha“Lilli”doll,modeledafteracharacterinaGermancomicstrip(连环漫画).ShespentsometimedesigningadollsimilartoLilli,andevenhiredadesignertomakerealisticdollclothes.TheresultwastheBarbiedoll,namedinhonoroftheHandlers’daughter,andamodelofthe“girlnextdoor”.MettelfinallyagreedtosupportRuth’sefforts.TheBarbiedoll’sfirststeptothemarketwasattheAmericanToyFairinNewYorkCityin1959.Girlscheeredforthedoll,andBarbiesetanewsalesrecordforMattelinitsfirstyearonthemarket.Sincethen,Barbie’spopularityhasrarelyweakened.Today,withoveronebilliondollssold,theBarbieproductlineisthemostsuccessfulinthehistoryofthetoyindustry.19.WhydidRuthmakeuphermindtocreateadoll?A.Thedollcouldbemadeofpaperorcardboard.B.Thedollcouldbesimilartoakidlikeherdaughter.C.Thedollcouldbelikeasuccessfulbusinesswoman.D.Thedollcouldreflectherdaughter’simageofherfuture.20.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheBarbiedollfromthetext?A.ItwasamodeloftheHandlers’employee.B.ItbecameMattel’sbest-sellingproductin1959.C.ItsdesignerwasonceaWomen’sWorldCupsoccerplayer.D.RuthherselfdesignedandmaderealisticdollclothesforBarbie.21.WhydidthecommitteeofMattelCorp.disagreewithRuth’sideaatfirst?A.Thecompanywastoopoorlymanagedtoinvestintheproduct.B.Thecompanylackedtheequipmenttomaketheproduct.C.Therewasasimilarproductonthemarket.D.Theproductmightnotattractcustomers.22.Whatmightbethethemeofthetext?A.EstablishmentofMattel. B.AppearanceofBarbiedoll.C.RealstorybehindoriginalBarbie. D.Mostsuccessfuldesigner.【答案】19.D20.B21.D22.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名玩具芭比娃娃(Barbie)诞生的过程。【19题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Becausealltheadultdollsatthetimeweremadeofpaperorcardboard,Ruthdecidedtocreatea3Dadultfemaledoll,onelifelike(栩栩如生的)enoughtoserveasaninspirationforherdaughter’sdreamofherfuture.(因为当时所有的成人娃娃都是用纸或纸板做的，露丝决定制作一个3D的成年女性娃娃，一个足够逼真的，可以作为她女儿未来梦想的灵感。)”可知，露丝决定制作一个玩偶是因为这个玩偶能够反映她女儿对未来的想象。故选D。【20题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“MettelfinallyagreedtosupportRuth’sefforts.TheBarbiedoll’sfirststeptothemarketwasattheAmericanToyFairinNewYorkCityin1959.Girlscheeredforthedoll,andBarbiesetanewsalesrecordforMattelinitsfirstyearonthemarket.(梅特尔最终同意支持露丝的努力。芭比娃娃第一次进入市场是在1959年纽约的美国玩具博览会上。女孩们为芭比娃娃欢呼，芭比娃娃在上市的第一年就为美泰公司创造了新的销售记录。)”可知，芭比娃娃在1959年成为美泰公司最畅销的产品。故选B。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thecommitteerejectedtheideaasitwouldcosttoomuchmoneywithlittlepotential(潜力)formass-marketappeal.(委员会拒绝了这个想法，因为它成本太高，而且在大众市场上几乎没有吸引力。)”可知，美泰公司的委员会一开始不同意露丝的想法是因为这个产品可能吸引不了顾客。故选D。【22题详析】主旨大意题。根据通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Alittlehardtobelievethat,buttheBarbiedollstartedoutasahumanbeing!ShewasBarbaraHandler,thedaughterofRuthandElliotHandler.(有点难以置信，但芭比娃娃一开始是人类！她就是芭芭拉·汉德勒，露丝和埃利奥特·汉德勒的女儿。)”可知，文章主要讲述了芭比娃娃最初是以露丝的女儿芭芭拉为原型，露丝受到女儿玩纸娃娃的启发，决定制作一个成年女性玩偶，她根据一个德国连环漫画中的角色“莉莉”设计出了芭比娃娃，并取得了巨大成功，所以文章的主题是原始芭比背后的真实故事。故选C。CTheterm“Pygmalioneffect”wascoined(创造新词)inreferencetostudiesdoneinthe1960sontheinfluenceofteacherexpectationsonstudents’IQs.Thestudiesaskedifteachershadhighexpectations,wouldthoseexpectationsbecomeself-fulfillingprophecies(预言)regardlessofinitialIQs?Inthatparticularcase,yearsofdebateandanalysishaveresultedintheconclusionthattheeffectswereslight.However,theconceptofthePygmalioneffect—expectationsinfluencingperformanceandbecomingself-fulfillingprophecies—iswidespread.Manypeoplehavestoriesofachievingsomethingjustbecausesomeonehadespeciallyhighexpectationsofthem.ThePygmalioneffectsuggestsourrealityisnegotiableandcanbeinfluencedbyothers—onpurposeorbyaccident.Whatweachieve,howwethink,howweact,andhowweperceiveourcapabilitiescanbeaffectedbytheexpectationsofthosearoundus.AninterestinguseofthePygmalioneffectmightbethatwhichissuggestedbyGeorgeBernardShaw’splayPygmalion.Init,ProfessorHenryHigginstakesapoorflowersellerfromthestreets,ElizaDoolittle,andbygivingherlessonshelpshersoundlikeaduchess(公爵夫人).Beingabletospeaklikeamemberoftheupperclassesismeanttoopendoorsandgiveheropportunitiesthatshewouldotherwiseneverhave.ElizafinallyappearstobeaduchessasHigginswishes.Theexpectationspeoplehaveofusaffectusincountlesssubtle(微妙的)wayseachday.LikeElizaDoolittle,thoseexpectationsaffecttheopportunitiesweareoffered,howwearespokento,andthepraiseandcriticismwereceive.Individually,thesemayhaveminimalimpact.Inthelongrun,however,theymightdecidewhetherwewillsucceedorfailorfallsomewhereinbetween.ThePygmalioneffectisbestunderstoodasaremindertobemindfulofthepotentialinfluenceofourexpectations.Eveniftheeffectissmall,havinghighexpectationsinmanysituationscanonlyinspireothersregardingtheirowncapabilities.People’slimitationscanbestretchedifyouchangeyourperceptionoftheirlimitations.Alotofwhatweaccomplishinlifeisdoneingroups.Ifyouwantthepeoplearoundyoutohavesuccess,youcantryraisingyourexpectations.Ifyouexpecttheworst,you’llprobablygetit.23.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toexplainaconcept. B.Toanalyzestudents’IQs.C.Toemphasizeteachers’expectations. D.Tointroduceself-fulfillingprophecies.24.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthePygmalioneffect?A.Itcandecreasepeople’sinitialIQs.B.Ittakeseffectonlyinthefieldofeducation.C.Others’expectationscanaffectpeople’sperformance.D.Ourcapabilitiescanonlybeinfluencedbyothers’purposefulexpectations.25.WhydoesProfessorHenryHigginstakethepoorflowersellerfromthestreets?A.Toteachherhowtoappeartobeamemberoftheupperclasses.B.Tointroducehertoaduchesstogiveheropportunities.C.Togiveheradviceonhowtosellherflowerswell.D.Toofferhersomemoneytoassistherfamily.26.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A.Theadvantagesoffittingneatlyintoagroup.B.Thewaysofbeingawareofpeople’slimitations.C.Thebenefitsofhavinghighexpectationsonothers.D.Theconsequencesofnothavingconfidenceinoneself.【答案】23.A24.C25.A26.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了“皮格马利翁效应”的概念、影响及启示，强调他人期望对个人表现的潜在作用，并倡导积极期待以激发潜能。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Theterm‘Pygmalioneffect’wascoined(创造新词)inreferencetostudiesdoneinthe1960sontheinfluenceofteacherexpectationsonstudents’IQs.(‘皮格马利翁效应’一词是在20世纪60年代针对教师期望对学生智商影响的研究中创造的)”可知，第一段介绍了“皮格马利翁效应”这个术语是如何产生的，以及相关研究的情况，后面还解释了在该特定情况下得出的结论，所以第一段的作用是解释“皮格马利翁效应”这个概念。故选A。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThePygmalioneffectsuggestsourrealityisnegotiableandcanbeinfluencedbyothers—onpurposeorbyaccident.Whatweachieve,howwethink,howweact,andhowweperceiveourcapabilitiescanbeaffectedbytheexpectationsofthosearoundus.(皮格马利翁效应表明，我们的现实是可以协商的，可以受到他人有意或无意的影响。我们的成就、思维方式、行为方式以及对自己能力的看法都可能受到周围人期望的影响)”可知，作者认为皮格马利翁效应表明他人的期望会影响人们的表现。故选C。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Init,ProfessorHenryHigginstakesapoorflowersellerfromthestreets,ElizaDoolittle,andbygivingherlessonshelpshersoundlikeaduchess(公爵夫人).Beingabletospeaklikeamemberoftheupperclassesismeanttoopendoorsandgiveheropportunitiesthatshewouldotherwiseneverhave.ElizafinallyappearstobeaduchessasHigginswishes.(在剧中，亨利·希金斯教授把街头的贫苦卖花女伊丽莎·杜利特尔带了过来，通过给她授课，帮助她说起话来像一位公爵夫人。能够像上层阶级的一员那样说话，意味着为她打开了机遇之门，给予了她原本永远不可能拥有的机会。最终，伊丽莎如希金斯所期望的那样，看起来就像是一位公爵夫人)”可知，亨利·希金斯教授把街头的贫苦卖花女带走是为了教她如何表现得像个上层阶级的人。故选A。【26题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“ThePygmalioneffectisbestunderstoodasaremindertobemindfulofthepotentialinfluenceofourexpectations.Eveniftheeffectissmall,havinghighexpectationsinmanysituationscanonlyinspireothersregardingtheirowncapabilities.People’slimitationscanbestretchedifyouchangeyourperceptionoftheirlimitations.Alotofwhatweaccomplishinlifeisdoneingroups.Ifyouwantthepeoplearoundyoutohavesuccess,youcantryraisingyourexpectations.(皮格马利翁效应最宜被理解为一种提醒，让我们留意自己的期望所具有的潜在影响力。即使这种影响很小，在许多情况下，抱有高期望只会激励他人认识到自己的能力。如果你改变对他人能力局限的看法，那么他们的局限是可以被突破的。我们在生活中所取得的很多成就都是在团队中完成的。如果你希望身边的人获得成功，你可以试着提高自己对他们的期望)”可知，最后一段主要讲述了对他人抱有高期望的好处。故选C。DMOSCOW—Moscowunveiled(揭幕)athemedmetrotrainonWednesdaytomarkthestartoftheSpringFestival,thetraditionalChineseNewYearaccordingtothelunarcalendar.Speakingataceremonycelebratingthelaunchofthetrain,ChineseAmbassadortoRussiaZhangHanhuinotedthattheSpringFestivalisgainingpopularityinRussia,becominganimportantpartofMoscow’sculturallifeandabrightsymbolofthefriendshipbetweenthetwocountries.“Thetrain,decoratedwithelementsoftheChineseSpringFestival,willattracttheattentionofMuscovites(莫斯科人)andtouristsfromallovertheworld,”theChineseambassadorsaid.“TheywillbeabletoexperiencethecultureofthiswonderfulholidayinanewwayandsharethejoyandgoodfortunethatitbringstotheChinesepeople,”headded.RussianForeignMinistryspokespersonMariaZakharovasaidthisjointprojectiscarriedoutwithintheframeworkoftheChina-RussiaYearsofCulturein2024and2025.“ThephotographsandsymbolsfeaturedonthetrainwillhelpourcitizenslearnmoreaboutChinainanaturalsetting,”shesaid.AccordingtoMoscowDeputyMayorMaximLiksutov,thisuniquemetrotrainservesasasymbolofthegoodrelationsbetweenthetwocountriesandatribute(致敬)totheChinesepeople.ItwillgiveMuscovitesandvisitorstotheRussiancapitalanopportunitytolearnmoreabouttheChinesecultureandthetraditionsoftheChineseNewYear.Thetrainisdecoratedinred,acolorthatsymbolizeshappiness,joy,goodluckandprosperityinChineseculture.Theexteriorisdecoratedwithasnake,thezodiacofthenewyear,aswellasaChinesedragon.Inside,passengerscanenjoyphotographsofNewYearcelebrationsinChina.TheRussiancapitalkickedoff“ChineseNewYearinMoscow”festivalonManezhnayaSquareonTuesday.Theevent,comprisingmanyculturalactivitieswithChinesecharacteristics,willlastuntilFeb.9,andwillbeheldattwodozenlocationsinthecapital.27.WhatismentionedinChineseAmbassadortoRussiaZhangHanhui’sspeech?A.MoreandmoreRussiansstarttolearnChinese.B.ThetrainactsasatributetotheChinesepeople.C.ThetrainwillappealtoMuscovitesandtravelers.D.RussianscanheadtoChinatospendtheSpringFestival.28.Howisthetraindecoratedaccordingtothetext?A.Thetrainispainedinredandyellow.B.Asnakecanbeseenoutsidethetrain.C.TheinsideisdecoratedwithaChinesedragon.D.PhotosofNewYearcelebrationsinRussiaareonthetrain.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“comprising”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Separating. B.Reminding. C.Monitoring. D.Including.30.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthenewsreport?A.RussialaunchesthemedtraintomarkChineseNewYearB.RussianslearningmoreabouttraditionsofChineseNewYearC.FrameworkofChina-RussiaYearsofCulturein2024and2025D.MetrotrainservesassymbolofgoodrelationsbetweenRussiaandChina【答案】27.C28.B29.D30.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了莫斯科为庆祝中国春节推出主题地铁列车，展示中俄文化交流与友好关系。【27题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中““Thetrain,decoratedwithelementsoftheChineseSpringFestival,willattracttheattentionofMuscovites(莫斯科人)andtouristsfromallovertheworld,”theChineseambassadorsaid.(中国大使表示：“这列装饰着中国春节元素的列车，将会吸引莫斯科市民以及来自世界各地游客的关注。”)可知，中国驻俄罗斯大使张汉晖在演讲中提到这列列车将吸引莫斯科人和游客。故选C。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thetrainisdecoratedinred,acolorthatsymbolizeshappiness,joy,goodluckandprosperityinChineseculture.Theexteriorisdecoratedwithasnake,thezodiacofthenewyear,aswellasaChinesedragon.Inside,passengerscanenjoyphotographsofNewYearcelebrationsinChina.(这列火车被装饰成红色，在中国文化中红色象征着幸福、欢乐、好运和繁荣。车外装饰有蛇，新年的生肖，以及一条中国龙。在车内，乘客可以欣赏到中国新年庆祝活动的照片)可知，列车外面可以看到一条装饰蛇。故选B。【29题详析】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Theevent,comprisingmanyculturalactivitieswithChinesecharacteristics,willlastuntilFeb.9,andwillbeheldattwodozenlocationsinthecapital.(这个活动comprising许多具有中国特色的文化活动，将持续到2月9日，并且会在首都的二十多个地点举行)”可知，这个活动包括许多具有中国特色的文化活动，由此可推知，划线词comprising意为“包括”。A选项Separating意为“分离”；B选项Reminding意为“提醒”；C选项Monitoring意为“监控”；D选项Including意为“包括”。因此，D选项与划线词意思相近。故选D。【30题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“MOSCOW—Moscowunveiled(揭幕)athemedmetrotrainonWednesdaytomarkthestartoftheSpringFestival,thetraditionalChineseNewYearaccordingtothelunarcalendar.(莫斯科——周三，莫斯科揭幕了一列主题地铁列车，以庆祝春节的开始，即农历中国新年)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要报道了莫斯科为庆祝中国新年揭幕了一列主题地铁列车的情况。因此，A选项“俄罗斯推出主题列车以庆祝中国新年”最能概括文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mostkidsspenttheirsummerholidaysplayingvideo-games,watchingTVandsleepingin.Parentscanfollowthestepsbelow.Thenyourkidscanbreaktheirsummertimetechhabits.___31___ShiftbedtimeThere’snothingmoreimportanttokickingoff(开始)theschoolyearsuccessfullythangettingsufficientsleep.Twoweeksbeforeschoolbegins,schedulebedtimebackbyabout20minutesanight.___32___Insteadofalong,funbathtime,switchtoaquickshower.Keepalldigitaldevicesoutoftheirbedroomsandbuythemalarmclocks.Setscreengoals___33___Youmightdecidetomakescreentimearewardratherthanaright.Setlimitsondigitalactivitiessuchasnovideogamesuntiltheycompletetheirhomework.Don’tjumptonoappsbutconsiderusingappsthatcontrolthelengthoftimekidscanuseadevice.___34___Besides,getyourkidsinvolvedinactivitiesthatdon’tneedascreen.MakeascheduleAsummerspentwithoutroutinecanmakejumpingbackintothestructureofschooldifficultforkids.Settingascheduleforthelasttwoweeksofsummercanwork.Ms.Rawson,founderoftheScreenTimeClinic,suggestscreatingblocksoftimethatmirrorthoseoftheschoolday,arranging30to50minutesforanactivity,dependingonthekid’sage,alongwithasetlunchtime.___35___Theactivitiescaninvolveanythingbutscreens.A.Kidsmayusephonesasalarmclocks.B.Thiscanstopkidsfromstayinguplateorsleepingin.C.Andtheycanadapttoaschool-friendlyscheduleintwoweeks.D.Kidsshouldhaveasayindecidinghowtofilltheday’stimeblocks.E.Establishzonesinyourhousewhereelectronicssimplyarenotallowed.F.Aschool-friendlyscheduleshouldcombinestudywithdigitalentertainment.G.Havingpurposefulgoalsforscreenusecanhelpkidschangetheirtechhabits.【答案】31.C32.B33.G34.E35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述如何帮助孩子改掉暑期过度使用科技产品的习惯。【31题详析】上文“Mostkidsspenttheirsummerholidaysplayingvideo-games,watchingTVandsleepingin.Parentscanfollowthestepsbelow.Thenyourkidscanbreaktheirsummertimetechhabits.(大多数孩子在暑假里玩电子游戏、看电视和睡懒觉。家长可以按照下面的步骤做。这样你的孩子就可以打破他们夏天的科技习惯了。)”和下文的一些具体做法，所以C选项“并且他们可以在两周内适应一个适合上学的时间表。”正好引出下文，起到承上启下的作用，故选C。【32题详析】上文“There’snothingmoreimportanttokickingofftheschoolyearsuccessfullythangettingsufficientsleep.Twoweeksbeforeschoolbegins,schedulebedtimebackbyabout20minutesanight.(要想成功地开始新学年，没有什么比充足的睡眠更重要了。开学前两周，将每晚的就寝时间提前20分钟左右。)”说明要提前睡觉，B选项“这可以阻止孩子熬夜或睡懒觉。”中的“This”指代提前就寝时间这一行为，解释了这样做的好处，符合语境，故选B。【33题详析】小标题“Setscreengoals(设定屏幕使用目标)”，G选项“为屏幕使用设定有目的的目标可以帮助孩子们改变他们使用科技产品的习惯。”与小标题呼应，阐述了设定屏幕使用目标的作用，故选G。【34题详析】上文“Setlimitsondigitalactivitiessuchasnovideogamesuntiltheycompletetheirhomework.Don’tjumptonoappsbutconsiderusingappsthatcontrolthelengthoftimekidscanuseadevice.(对数字活动设定限制，比如在他们完成作业之前不能玩电子游戏。不要直接拒绝应用程序，但可以考虑使用控制孩子使用设备时间长度的应用程序。)”提到要设定数字活动的限制，不要直接禁止使用应用程序，而是考虑使用控制孩子使用设备时长的应用程序，下文“Besides,getyourkidsinvolvedinactivitiesthatdon’tneedascreen.(此外，让你的孩子参与不需要屏幕的活动。)”，E选项“在你的房子里设立一些完全不允许使用电子设备的区域。”也是限制孩子使用电子设备的一种方式，承上启下，故选E。【35题详析】该段小标题是“Makeaschedule(制定一个时间表)”，上文“Asummerspentwithoutroutinecanmakejumpingbackintothestructureofschooldifficultforkids.Settingascheduleforthelasttwoweeksofsummercanwork.Ms.Rawson,founderoftheScreenTimeClinic,suggestscreatingblocksoftimethatmirrorthoseoftheschoolday,arranging30to50minutesforanactivity,dependingonthekid’sage,alongwithasetlunchtime.(一个没有常规活动的暑假会让孩子们很难重新回到学校的生活中。为暑假的最后两周制定一个时间表是可行的。“屏幕时间诊所”（ScreenTimeClinic）的创始人罗森建议，创造出与上学时间类似的时间块，根据孩子的年龄安排30到50分钟的活动时间，以及固定的午餐时间。)”提到要为暑假的最后两周制定一个时间表，还提到了设置活动时间块等，D选项“孩子们在决定如何填满一天的时间块方面应该有发言权。”进一步说明了制定时间表时要让孩子参与，符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Amotherofninecompletedherstudiesandearnedhermedicaldegree.Thensheplanstobeaneurosurgeon(神经外科医生).ThismonthSarahMerrill___36___theMayoClinicAlixSchoolofMedicineinPhoenix,Arizona,withherhusbandandkidsbyherside.