河北省昌黎某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省昌黎某中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期末考试英语试卷第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourBookstoCelebrateHispanicCultureHispanicHeritageMonth,anannualcelebrationspanningfromSeptember15toOctober15,isatimetocommemorateandhonortherichcontributionsofHispanicAmericanstotheUnitedStates,whichprovidesanopportunitytodelveintothediversenarrativesandhistoriesthatmakeupHispanicculture.Inthisspirit,wepresentfourbooksthatnotonlyentertainandeducatebutalsoserveasatributetotheresilience,creativity,andspiritofHispaniccommunities.BennyRamírezandtheNearlyDepartedByJoséPabloIriarteBennyistheonlypersonwhocanseetheghostofhisgrandfather,whowasafamousmusician.HeteachesBennyhowtoplaythetrumpet,andtheresultswillhaveyoulaughingoutloud.Thisghoststoryismoreheartwarmingthanscary.Ages8-12.TheDaggersofIreByJ.C.CervantesTheauthorofthepopularStormRunnerserieshaswrittenanewfantasynovel.Esmeraldaisthedescendantofawitch,andshewantstofindaspellthatwillmakeherfatherlesssadabouthermother’sdeath.Butthenastormhitsthetownandallthemagicdisappears.It’suptoEsmereldatosavetheplacesheloves.Ages8-12.DoñaFela’sDreamByMonicaBrown,illustratedbyRosaIbarraFelisaRincóndeGautier(1897–1994)wasthefirstfemalemayorofSanJuan,thecapitalcityofPuertoRico,aCaribbeanislandthatisaUSterritory.ShewasaffectionatelyknownasDoñaFela.Thispicture-bookbiographyexploresherinspiringlife.Ages6andover.MavenTakestheLeadByYamileSaiedMéndezInthefirstinstallmentofanewGirlScoutsNovelseries,Mavenvolunteerstoleadherclassatherschool’sroboticscompetition.Someclassmatesdoubtherabilities,butsheintendstoprovethemwrong.ThisinspiringstoryislikelytoappealtofansofserieslikeTheBaby-SittersCluborTheQuestioneers.Ages8-12.1.WhatistheaimofHispanicHeritageMonth?A.ToexplorethediverseAmericanculture.B.TopromotethespiritofHispaniccommunity.C.Tocelebratethepublicationofthefourbooks.D.TopraisethecontributionsofHispanicAmericans.2.WhatdoesEsmereldainitiallywanttodobyseekingaspell?A.Findhermissingmother. B.Easeherfather’sdepression.C.Protecthertownfromthestorm. D.Restorethemagicofhertown.3.WhatmakesDoñaFela’sDreamdifferentfromtheotherthreeworks?A.Ittellsatruelifestory. B.Itfeaturesafemalecharacter.C.Itshowsaninspiringexperience. D.Itgainspopularityamongadults.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本颂扬西班牙裔文化的书。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“HispanicHeritageMonth,anannualcelebrationspanningfromSeptember15toOctober15,isatimetocommemorateandhonortherichcontributionsofHispanicAmericanstotheUnitedStates,whichprovidesanopportunitytodelveintothediversenarrativesandhistoriesthatmakeupHispanicculture.(每年9月15日至10月15日举行的“西班牙裔传统月”是纪念和表彰西班牙裔美国人对美国作出的丰富贡献的时间，这为深入研究构成西班牙文化的各种故事和历史提供了机会。)”可知，西班牙裔传统月的目的是赞扬西班牙裔美国人的贡献。故选D项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据TheDaggersofIre部分中“Esmeraldaisthedescendantofawitch,andshewantstofindaspellthatwillmakeherfatherlesssadabouthermother’sdeath.(埃斯梅拉达是一个女巫的后代，她想找到一个咒语，让她的父亲不那么为她母亲的死感到悲伤。)”可知，埃斯梅拉达最初想通过寻找咒语来缓解她父亲的抑郁。故选B项。【3题详析】细节理解题。通读全文，根据DoñaFela’sDream部分中“FelisaRincóndeGautier(1897–1994)wasthefirstfemalemayorofSanJuan,thecapitalcityofPuertoRico,aCaribbeanislandthatisaUSterritory.ShewasaffectionatelyknownasDoñaFela.Thispicture-bookbiographyexploresherinspiringlife.(FelisaRincóndeGautier（1897-1994）是波多黎各的首都圣胡安的第一位女市长，波多黎各是一个加勒比海岛屿，是美国的领土。她被亲切地称为DoñaFela。这本绘本传记探讨了她鼓舞人心的一生。)”可知DoñaFela’sDream讲述了一个真实的人生故事，其他三本书（《BennyRamírezandtheNearlyDeparted》《TheDaggersofIre》《MavenTakestheLead》）均为虚构故事（如鬼故事、奇幻小说或现实主义小说）。故选A项。BMayaMerhigeismakinghermajorwavesinswimming.Sheisnowthethird-youngestpersontocompleteanathleticchallengeknownastheTripleCrown.Attheageof16,sheswam23milesacrosstheEnglishChannelintheUKwithatimeof11hours,39minutes.MerhigehadalreadycompletedtheothertwoTripleCrownswims.Atage14,withatimeof10hours,48minutes,shebecametheyoungestfemaletoswimthe20-mileCatalinaChannelinCalifornia.Thenextyear,shecompletedthe20BridgesswiminNewYorkCity,adistanceof28.5miles,in8hours,43minutes.Open-waterswimmingbecameherpassionatage9whenshegotinvolvedwithSwimAcrossAmerica,anonprofitorganizationthatfundscancerresearch.“I’vebeenfeelingasI’vegottenolderthatnearlyeveryoneistouchedbycancer,andit’sbecomemoreimportantformetoraisemoneyforthiscause,”Merhige,now17,toldTheWeekJunior.Sinceshestarted,shehasraisedmorethan$100,000.Oneofherfavoriteswimswascrossingthe28-mileKa’iwiChannelinHawaii.Sheswamitatage15,makinghertheyoungestpersontodoso.Ittookhermorethan27hourstocompleteit,andshefacedstrongwindsandjellyfish.Althoughthephysicalandmentalchallengesofhersportaredifficult,Merhigesayshergreatestfearisnotfinishingaswim.NowshesetshersightsoncompletingtheOceansSevenby2029,andwithherTripleCrownswims,shehasfourmoretogo.Assheconsidersthejourneyahead,Merhigesaidithelpsto“constantlyremindmyselftostayinthemoment.”4.WhatdoweknowabouttheTripleCrown?A.Itisforyoungathletes. B.Itisacharityevent.C.Itisaswimmingchallenge. D.Itisanindoorcompetition.5.HowdidMerhige’sinvolvementwithSwimAcrossAmericainfluenceher?A.Itmadeherpassionateaboutswimming.B.Ithelpedherovercomeherfearofjellyfish.C.Ittaughtherhowtoswimintheopenwaters.D.Itinspiredhertoraisefundsforcancerresearch.6.WhydoestheauthormentiontheOceansSeven?A.ToshowMerhige’sfollowingtarget. B.Toemphasizethegame’simportance.C.ToshowcaseMerhige’sachievements. D.Toadvertiseanimportantsportsevent.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMerhige?A.Determinedandkind. B.Ambitiousandclever.C.Professionalandbrave. D.Responsibleandskillful.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了游泳运动员MayaMerhige在游泳方面取得的成就，以及她为癌症研究筹集资金的善举。她完成了被称为“三冠王”的游泳挑战，还计划完成“七大洋”挑战，同时她积极参与公益，为癌症研究筹集了大量资金。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Sheisnowthethird-youngestpersontocompleteanathleticchallengeknownastheTripleCrown(她现在是完成被称为“三冠王”的体育挑战的第三年轻的人)”以及第二段中“MerhigehadalreadycompletedtheothertwoTripleCrownswims(Merhige已经完成了另外两次“三冠王”游泳挑战)”可知，“三冠王”是一个游泳挑战。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Open-waterswimmingbecameherpassionatage9whenshegotinvolvedwithSwimAcrossAmerica,anonprofitorganizationthatfundscancerresearch.“I’vebeenfeelingasI’vegottenolderthatnearlyeveryoneistouchedbycancer,andit’sbecomemoreimportantformetoraisemoneyforthiscause,”Merhige,now17,toldTheWeekJunior.(9岁时，她参加了非营利组织“横渡美国游泳”，该组织为癌症研究提供资金，从此，公开水域游泳成了她的爱好。现年17岁的Merhige告诉《少年周刊》：“随着年龄的增长，我越来越觉得几乎每个人都受到癌症的影响，为这项事业筹集资金对我来说变得更加重要。”)”可知，Merhige参与“横渡美国游泳”激发了她为癌症研究筹集资金的热情。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“NowshesetshersightsoncompletingtheOceansSevenby2029,andwithherTripleCrownswims,shehasfourmoretogo(现在，她的目标是在2029年前完成“七大洋”挑战，在完成了“三冠王”游泳挑战后，她还有四次挑战要完成)”可推知，作者提到“七大洋”挑战是为了表明Merhige接下来的目标。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Althoughthephysicalandmentalchallengesofhersportaredifficult,Merhigesayshergreatestfearisnotfinishingaswim.NowshesetshersightsoncompletingtheOceansSevenby2029,andwithherTripleCrownswims,shehasfourmoretogo(尽管这项运动在身体和精神上都很有挑战性，但Merhige说，她最大的恐惧是没有完成游泳。现在，她的目标是在2029年前完成“七大洋”挑战，在完成了“三冠王”游泳挑战后，她还有四次挑战要完成)”可知，尽管这项运动在身体和精神上都很有挑战性，但Merhige说，她最大的恐惧是没有完成游泳。现在，她的目标是在2029年前完成“七大洋”挑战，可推知，Merhige是个有决心的人；再结合第三段中““I’vebeenfeelingasI’vegottenolderthatnearlyeveryoneistouchedbycancer,andit’sbecomemoreimportantformetoraisemoneyforthiscause,”Merhige,now17,toldTheWeekJunior.Sinceshestarted,shehasraisedmorethan$100,000(现年17岁的Merhige告诉《少年周刊》：“随着年龄的增长，我越来越觉得几乎每个人都受到癌症的影响，为这项事业筹集资金对我来说变得更加重要。”从她开始，她已经筹集了超过10万美元)”可知，为癌症研究这项事业筹集资金对MayaMerhige来说变得更加重要，可推知，Merhige是个善良的人。故选A项。CArtificialintelligence(AI)iseverywherethesedays,evenintheareaoftheNobelPrizes.Thisyear’sprizeinphysicshonorsJohnHopfieldofPrincetonUniversityandGeoffreyHintonoftheUniversityofTorontofortheirworkonartificialneuralnetworks,themodelsofbrain-likesystemsthatcanlearntorecognizepatternsandthathavepoweredtheongoingAIrevolution.The$1millionprizecitestheoriginsofthatworkinstatisticalphysics.Theawardappearstohavetakenoneofthenewwinnersbysurprise.“I’mflabbergasted,”Hintonsaidduringtheannouncementthisweek.Butstatisticalphysicistsarepleasedtoseetheirabstractfieldgrabashareoftheattention.“Forus,it’ssuper-great,”saysAurélienDecelleoftheComplutenseUniversityofMadrid.“It’srecognitionatthebroaderlevelthatwhatwe’redoingmattersalot.”Yettheawardseemslikelytocausesomecriticismthatthecitedworkisnotphysics.“Notmorethan10minutesago,Iheardthesamecommentsinthecorridor,”Decellesays.Theprizecouldalsoraisehowlsfromcomputerscientistswhomightwantrecognitionforlater,moretechnologicallyrelevantwork.Whetherallofthiscountsasphysicsmaydependonwhomyouask.AustenLamacraft,astatisticalphysicistattheUniversityofCambridge,notesthatneuralnetworks“havelongbeenconsideredapartofstatisticalphysics.”HintonpredictstheAIrevolutionwilldoforintellectualworkwhattheIndustrialRevolutiondidforphysicallabor.Buthealsoworriesaboutthedownsidesforsociety.HeleftajobatGooglein2023becauseoffearsofunintendedconsequences,concernsheraisedagainthisweek.“Wealsohavetoworryaboutanumberofpossiblebadconsequences,particularlythethreatofthesethingsgettingoutofcontrol.”8.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.ThestrengthsoftheongoingAIrevolution.B.TheworkofthetwowinnersoftheNobelPrize.C.Thepopularityofartificialintelligencethesedays.D.Theintroductionofthisyear’sNobelPrizeinphysics.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flabbergasted”meaninparagraph2?A.Confused. B.Disappointed. C.Astonished. D.Interested.10.Whatmightcomputerscientiststhinkoftheprize?A.Thewinnersarenotfromtheirfield. B.Theirworkisnotrecognizedenough.C.Theprizeisnotassociatedwithphysics. D.Theawardisnotsorelatedtotechnology.11.Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A.AIrevolutionwillbenefitphysicallabor.B.ThethreatsofAIwilloutweighitsbenefits.C.HintonadvocatesforstricterAIregulations.D.AIdevelopmentmaybringunintendedoutcomes.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍今年诺贝尔物理学奖授予两位在人工神经网络领域工作的科学家所引发的争议以及关于AI发展的潜在风险的讨论。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Artificialintelligence(AI)iseverywherethesedays,evenintheareaoftheNobelPrizes.Thisyear’sprizeinphysicshonorsJohnHopfieldofPrincetonUniversityandGeoffreyHintonoftheUniversityofTorontofortheirworkonartificialneuralnetworks,themodelsofbrain-likesystemsthatcanlearntorecognizepatternsandthathavepoweredtheongoingAIrevolution.(如今，人工智能（AI）无处不在，甚至与诺贝尔奖领域产生了交集。今年的诺贝尔物理学奖授予了普林斯顿大学的约翰・霍普菲尔德和多伦多大学的杰弗里・辛顿，以表彰他们在人工神经网络方面的研究成果——这种类脑系统模型能够通过学习识别模式，也为当下的人工智能革命提供了核心动力)”可知，第一段主要介绍了今年诺贝尔物理奖的获得情况。故选D。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Theawardappearstohavetakenoneofthenewwinnersbysurprise.“I’m

flabbergasted,”Hintonsaidduringtheannouncementthisweek.

(这个奖项似乎让一位新获奖者大吃一惊。“我flabbergasted,”Hinton在本周的宣布会上说)”可知，这个奖项让其中一位获奖者大吃一惊，此处指在发布会上Hinton表达了自己的惊讶。由此猜测，划线词意为“吃惊的”，与astonished同义。故选C。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Theprizecouldalsoraisehowlsfromcomputerscientistswhomightwantrecognitionforlater,moretechnologicallyrelevantwork.(该奖项还有可能引发计算机科学家的不满——他们或许希望自己后续那些与技术关联更紧密的研究能获得认可)”可知，计算机科学家对该奖项表示不满，希望自己那些与技术关联更紧密的研究能获得认可。由此推知，他们认为自己的工作没有获得足够的认可。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Buthealsoworriesaboutthedownsidesforsociety.HeleftajobatGooglein2023becauseoffearsofunintendedconsequences,concernsheraisedagainthisweek.“Wealsohavetoworryaboutanumberofpossiblebadconsequences,particularlythethreatofthesethingsgettingoutofcontrol.”(但他也担心这会给社会带来负面影响。2023年，由于担心可能出现意外后果，他辞去了在谷歌的工作——这一担忧在本周再次被他提及。“我们还必须警惕一系列潜在的不良后果，尤其是这些技术可能失控的风险。”)”推知，本段暗示了人工智能的发展可能带来非预期的后果。故选D。DAgrowingnumberoftheplanet’s“vitalsigns”thatreflectthestateoftheclimateandthewiderenvironmentareworryinglybad,accordingtoaseverereport.“Weareontheedgeofanirreversible(不可逆转的)climatedisaster,”writesWilliamRippleatOregonStateUniversityandhiscolleagues.“Thisisaglobalemergencybeyondanydoubt.”TheirassessmentcomesinthefifthannualStateoftheClimatereportledbyRippleinanefforttopresentaclearwarningofwhattheresearcherssayisacrisisgiventheextremesmeasuredacrosskeyindicators(指标),fromgreenhousegaslevelstotreecoverloss.“Theclimatecrisisisn’tadistantthreat,it’sahere-and-nowcrisis,”saysMichaelMannattheUniversityofPennsylvania,oneofseveralwell-knownco-authorsofthereport.Theresearchersassessed35“planetaryvitalsigns”,includingtheamountofheatintheoceansandthethicknessofglaciers.Ofthose35indicators,thereportfinds25ofthemhavereachedrecordlevelsthisyear,mostofthembreakingrecordssetin2023.Theimpactsofclimatechangehavealsoreachedrecordlevels.Thereismoreheatintheoceansandseawaterismoreacidic,whilesealevelcontinuestorise.Theproportionofemissionscoveredbycarbonpricingalsorosetorecordlevelsthisyear,andtherateofdeforestationinBrazilsawadecline.Someoftheindicatorssetrecordsintherightdirectionintermsofreducingclimatechange.Forinstance,solarandwindenergyconsumptionreachedrecordhighs,andintheworldoffinancetherewasarecordlevelofwithdrawalfromfossilfuels.Whilemanyeffortshavebeenmade,theyarefarfromsufficient.Actually,wearefailingtoavoidseriousimpacts,andwecannowonlyhopetolimittheextentofthedamage.12.WhatisthemainfocusofthereportledbyRipple?A.Themethodstosolvetheclimateproblem.B.Theachievementsinclimatechangeresearch.C.Anurgentwarningofthecurrentclimatecrisis.D.Theimpactsofclimatechangeonhumanhealth.13.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph3?A.Theclimatehasbeenimprovinginrecentyears.B.Thesituationofclimatechangeisgettingworse.C.Thenumberof“planetaryvitalsigns”hasdecreased.D.Mostofthe“planetaryvitalsigns”arewithinsafelimits.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthecurrentclimatesituation?A.Optimistic. B.Concerned. C.Indifferent. D.Skeptical.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Earth’sVitalSignsSparkAlarm B.Earth’sClimateChangesGraduallyC.Earth’sIndicatorsReachManyRecords D.Earth’sVitalSignsAcceptsAssessment【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了由威廉·里普尔（WilliamRipple）主导的第五份年度《气候状况报告》，该报告指出反映气候和更广泛环境状况的地球“生命体征”大多堪忧，发出了当前气候危机的紧急警告，同时提及虽在部分方面有进展，但现状仍不容乐观。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“TheirassessmentcomesinthefifthannualStateoftheClimatereportledbyRippleinanefforttopresentaclearwarningofwhattheresearcherssayisacrisisgiventheextremesmeasuredacrosskeyindicators(指标),fromgreenhousegaslevelstotreecoverloss.(他们的评估来自里普尔领导的第五份年度《气候状况报告》，鉴于从温室气体水平到树木覆盖损失等关键指标的极端测量结果，该报告旨在对研究人员所说的危机发出明确警告)”可知，里普尔领导的报告主要焦点是对当前气候危机发出紧急警告。故选C项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Ofthose35indicators,thereportfinds25ofthemhavereachedrecordlevelsthisyear,mostofthembreakingrecordssetin2023.Theimpactsofclimatechangehavealsoreachedrecordlevels.Thereismoreheatintheoceansandseawaterismoreacidic,whilesealevelcontinuestorise.(在这35项指标中，报告发现其中25项今年达到了创纪录水平，其中大多数打破了2023年创下的纪录。气候变化的影响也达到了创纪录水平。海洋中有更多热量，海水酸性更强，而海平面继续上升)”可知，大部分指标创纪录且气候变化影响加剧，说明气候变化的形势正在恶化。故选B项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whilemanyeffortshavebeenmade,theyarefarfromsufficient.Actually,wearefailingtoavoidseriousimpacts,andwecannowonlyhopetolimittheextentofthedamage.(虽然已经做出了许多努力，但远远不够。实际上，我们未能避免严重影响，现在我们只能希望限制损害的程度)”可知，作者认为目前的努力不足以应对气候变化，只能尽量限制损害，表达出对当前气候状况的担忧。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。主要介绍了由威廉·里普尔（WilliamRipple）主导的第五份年度《气候状况报告》，该报告指出反映气候和更广泛环境状况的地球“生命体征”大多堪忧，发出了当前气候危机的紧急警告，同时提及虽在部分方面有进展，但现状仍不容乐观。故A选项“地球的生命体征敲响警钟”为最佳标题。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。EffectiveWaystoImproveYourCommunicationSkillsHaveyoueverdealtwithasimplemisunderstandingthatcouldhavebeensolvedwithmorecommunication?____16____Someonewithstrongcommunicationskillscanbuildpositiveconnections,strengthentheirrelationships,andsolveconflicts.Thisguidecanteachyouthebasicssoyoucangetyourpointacrossquicklyandcalmly.Beforeyouspeak,it’sessentialtoorganizeyourthoughtsbyusingkeypoints.Agoodruleistochoosethreemainpointstocenteryourconversationaround.Thatway,ifyoustayawayfromthemainpoint,you’llbeabletoreturntooneormoreofyourpointswithoutfeelinganxious.Ifpossible,writeyourtalkingpointsdownonyourphone’sNotesapporanindexcardforreference.____17____Communication,however,isnotjustabouttalking.____18____Byactivelylistening,youcanmeasurehowmuchofyourmessageisgettingthroughyourlistener(s)andwhetherornotit’sbeingreceivedcorrectlyorneedstobeadjusted.Ifyouraudienceneedsclarification,askingforfeedbackusoftenhelpful.Moreover,maintainingeyecontactduringaconversationorpresentationcanbuildconnection,helpconvinceothersyou’retrustworthyandshowinterest.Duringaconversationorpresentation,maintaineyecontactforaslongasitfeelsnatural.Nevertheless,beawarethateyecontactisculturallydetermined.Insomecultures,itisconsideredtobeunsettlingorinappropriate.____19____Inadditiontoverbalandvisualcues,yourbodylanguagealsoplaysapivotalroleincommunication.Strivetoreflectpassionusingsoft,gentle,awarefacialexpressions.Avoidnegativefacialexpressions,suchasfrownsorraisedeyebrows.____20____Ifyouneedtolearntheculture,askquestionsaboutthecommunicationchallengesyoumightfacebeforeyoustarttospeakwithpeopleinanunfamiliarculturalcontext.A.Communicationisatwo-waystreet.B.Payattentiontonon-verbalcommunication.C.Askaboutthisinparticularordoresearchinadvance.D.Effectivecommunicationisaboutexpressingyourfeelingsclearly.E.Similarly,besuretoexpressclearlytoavoidanykindofmisunderstanding.F.Thiswillhelpyoustayontopicandbeabsolutelyclearaboutyourintention.G.Whatisorisn’tnegativedependsonthecontext,especiallytheculturalcontext.【答案】16.D17.F18.A19.C20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个提高沟通技巧的建议。【16题详析】上文“Haveyoueverdealtwithasimplemisunderstandingthatcouldhavebeensolvedwithmorecommunication?(你是否曾经处理过一个简单的误解，而这个误解本可以通过更多的沟通来解决？)”指出有时一个误解可以用简单的沟通来解决，下文“Someonewithstrongcommunicationskillscanbuildpositiveconnections,strengthentheirrelationships,andsolveconflicts.

(沟通能力强的人可以建立积极的联系，加强他们的关系，解决冲突)”指出沟通能力强的人能解决冲突。由此可知，有效的交流是清楚地表达自己。D项“有效的沟通是关于清楚地表达你的感受。”符合语境，承上启下。故选D。【17题详析】空处位于段末，应承接上文。上文“Ifpossible,writeyourtalkingpointsdownonyourphone’sNotesapporanindexcardforreference.(如果可能的话，把你的谈话要点写在手机的Notes应用程序或索引卡上以供参考)”建议可以把谈话的要点写在手机Notes应用程序或索引卡上，由此推知，空处应陈述这样做的好处。F项“这能帮助你紧扣主题，并且对自己的意图有绝对清晰的认知。”符合语境，this指代上文建议的方法。故选F。【18题详析】根据上文“Communication,however,isnotjustabouttalking.(然而，沟通不仅仅是交谈)”和下文“Byactivelylistening,youcanmeasurehowmuchofyourmessageisgettingthroughyourlistener(s)andwhetherornotit’sbeingreceivedcorrectlyorneedstobeadjusted.(通过积极倾听，你能够判断自己传递的信息有多少被听者接收到了，以及这些信息是否被正确理解，或者是否需要进行调整)”可知，沟通不仅仅包括交谈还包括倾听，因此沟通是双向的。A项“沟通是双向的。”符合语境，承上启下。故选A。【19题详析】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Duringaconversationorpresentation,maintaineyecontactforaslongasitfeelsnatural.Nevertheless,beawarethateyecontactisculturallydetermined.Insomecultures,itisconsideredtobeunsettlingorinappropriate.(在交谈或演讲时，保持自然舒适的眼神交流即可。不过需要注意的是，眼神交流的方式因文化而异——在某些文化中，这样的眼神接触会被视为令人不安或不合时宜的行为)”可知，交谈时要保持自然的眼神交流，但在某些文化中，眼神接触为被认为是令人不安的或不合时宜的。由此可知，在交流前可以询问或调查眼神交流问题。C项“特别询问这个问题，或者提前做研究。”符合语境。故选C。【20题详析】上文“Inadditiontoverbalandvisualcues,yourbodylanguagealsoplaysapivotalroleincommunication.Strivetoreflectpassionusingsoft,gentle,awarefacialexpressions.Avoidnegativefacialexpressions,suchasfrownsorraisedeyebrows.(除了语言信号和视觉信号，你的肢体语言在交流中也扮演着关键角色。要努力通过柔和、温和且专注的面部表情传递热情，同时避免负面的面部表情，比如皱眉或挑眉)”指出要用积极的肢体语言，同时避免负面的表情，结合下文“Ifyouneedtolearntheculture,askquestionsaboutthecommunicationchallengesyoumightfacebeforeyoustarttospeakwithpeopleinanunfamiliarculturalcontext.

(如果你需要了解相关文化，在与陌生文化背景的人交流之前，先问问对方你可能会遇到哪些沟通方面的问题)”可知，关于什么是积极什么是消极取决于文化背景。G项“某事是否带有负面意味，取决于具体语境，尤其是文化语境。”符合语境，承上启下，culturecontext是关键词。故选G。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15分；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。ItrainedmyselftoloveRambobyreasoningthathewasjustaneight-leggedcat.Rambowasaninfant,atarantula(狼蛛)whowasexpectedtoliveaboutsevenyears.Atfirst,ourrelationshipconsistedofme____21____himcautiouslyinhisbox,checkingthathecouldn’tescape.Astheweekspassed,I____22____upthecouragetostrokeandeventuallyholdhim.Itookgreat____23____inhisdelicatefeetandwasfascinatedbytheinvisiblehooks(钩子)that____24____themselvestomypalmwhenIswunghimupsidedown.OurfavoriteactivitywastowatchDexter,theserialkillerdrama,onmylaptop.RambosatonmykneeasIstrokedhisplumplittlerump.Itis____25____thattarantulastendtobitepeoplebutItrustedhimcompletely.____26____,poorRambostillterrifiedeveryoneelseinhalls.My____27____thathewasn’tyetfullygrown—andcouldn’topenfiredoors—fellondeafears,andIwasinformedbytheapartmentmanagerthathewouldhaveto____28____,andshewouldsearchmyroomafterward.AlthoughI____29____hercommitment,IpackedRambooffonholidaytoafriend’splacetobesafe.Rambowasthereformewhenmybelovedboyfriend____30____meandIwasdiagnosedwithborderlinepersonalitydisorder,aconditionthatiswidely____31____andoverstated.Irealizedthereasonwhywebecamefriendswasthatitwashardforbothofustoget____32____.AdecadehaspassedsinceRambodiedbutI’mstillchasingthe____33____Ihadwithhim.Hemightnothavebeena(n)____34____furrycompanion,buthiscapacityforfriendshipwasevengreaterthanhiscapacityto____35____.21.A.hitting B.eyeing C.smelling D.touching22.A.brought B.hung C.gathered D.set23.A.interest B.pride C.comfort D.part24.A.exposed B.glued C.compared D.devoted25.A.assumed B.forecast C.recommended D.known26.A.Obviously B.Naturally C.Unfortunately D.Ultimately27.A.puzzle B.order C.insistence D.advice28.A.stay B.leave C.hide D.change29.A.admired B.believed C.feared D.doubted30.A.brokeupwith B.stoodupfor C.putupwith D.coveredupfor31.A.confirmed B.accepted C.misunderstood D.ignored32.A.help B.love C.chance D.success33.A.promise B.encounter C.conflict D.bond34.A.natural B.voluntary C.unusual D.ordinary35.A.frighten B.comfort C.entertain D.protect【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.D26.C27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.D35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与一只名为Rambo的狼蛛之间建立起的特殊友谊，以及Rambo在作者生活中的重要意义。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，我们的关系只是我小心翼翼地看着盒子里的他，确认他不会逃掉。A.hitting击打；B.eyeing注视，盯着看；C.smelling闻；D.touching触摸。根据下文“cautiouslyinhisbox,checkingthathecouldn’tescape”可知，作者一开始只是小心地“盯着”Rambo看，确保它不会逃跑。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我鼓起勇气抚摸他，最后甚至抱起了他。A.brought带来；B.hung悬挂；C.gathered聚集；D.set设置。根据下文“thecouragetostrokeandeventuallyholdhim”可知，作者“鼓起”勇气抚摸并抱起了Rambo，gatherupthecourage为固定短语，意为“鼓起勇气”。故选C项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对他纤细的脚很感兴趣，并且当我把他倒过来时，那些看不见的钩子粘在我手掌上的样子让我着迷。A.interest兴趣；B.pride骄傲；C.comfort舒适；D.part部分。根下文“wasfascinatedby”可知，作者对Rambo的脚非常“感兴趣”，takeinterestin为固定短语，意为“对……感兴趣”。故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.exposed暴露；B.glued粘住，粘牢；C.compared比较；D.devoted奉献。根上文“theinvisiblehooks”和下文“whenIswunghimupsidedown”可知，当作者把Rambo倒过来时，他脚上的钩子会“牢牢粘在”作者的手掌上，描述钩子的吸附特性。故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，狼蛛往往会咬人，但我完全信任他。A.assumed假设；B.forecast预测；C.recommended推荐；D.known知道。根下文“tarantulastendtobitepeople”可知，狼蛛会咬人是“众所周知”的事情，Itisknownthat...为固定句型，意为“众所周知……”。故选D项。【26题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：遗憾的是，可怜的Rambo仍然吓坏了公寓里的其他人。A.Obviously显然，显而易见地；B.Naturally自然地；C.Unfortunately遗憾地，不幸地；D.Ultimately最终。根据下文“poorRambostillterrifiedeveryoneelseinhalls”以及“IpackedRambooffonholidaytoafriend’splacetobesafe.”可知，Rambo吓坏了公寓里的其他人，这对作者来说是件“遗憾”的事情，因为这意味着狼蛛很有可能得离开公寓。故选C项。【27题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我坚持说他还没有完全长大，也打不开防火门，但我的话没人听，公寓管理员告诉我他必须离开，之后她会搜查我的房间。A.puzzle谜题；B.order命令；C.insistence坚持，坚决要求；D.advice建议。根据下文“thathewasn’tyetfullygrown—andcouldn’topenfiredoors—fellondeafears”可知，作者一直坚持说狼蛛还没长大，也打不开防火门，但是无人理会。insistence“坚持”符合语境，故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.stay停留；B.leave离开；C.hide隐藏；D.change改变。根据下文“shewouldsearchmyroomafterward”以及“ IpackedRambooffonholidaytoafriend’splacetobesafe.”可知，公寓管理员告诉作者Rambo必须“离开”，之后她会搜查作者的房间。故选B项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我怀疑她的决心，但为了安全起见，我还是把Rambo送到一个朋友家度假去了。A.admired钦佩；B.believed相信；C.feared害怕；D.doubted怀疑。根据上文“Although”和下文“IpackedRambooffonholidaytoafriend’splacetobesafe.”可知，虽然作者对宿舍管理员的决心持“怀疑”态度，但还是采取了措施。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我心爱的男朋友和我分手，我被诊断出患有边缘型人格障碍——一种被广泛误解和夸大的疾病时，Rambo一直在我身边。A.brokeupwith与……分手，（同某人）绝交；B.stoodupfor支持，维护；C.putupwith忍受；D.coveredupfor为……掩盖。根据上文“mybelovedboyfriend”和下文“Iwasdiagnosedwithborderlinepersonalitydisorder”可知，作者被诊断出患有边缘型人格障碍，所以他应该是经历了和男友“分手”的打击。故选A项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.confirmed确认；B.accepted接受；C.misunderstood误解；D.ignored忽视。根下文“andoverstated”可知，边缘型人格障碍是一种被广泛“误解”和夸大的疾病。故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我们成为朋友的原因是我们俩都很难得到爱。A.help帮助；B.love爱，关爱；C.chance机会；D.success成功。根据上文“webecamefriends”以及作者和狼蛛的经历可知，狼蛛被要求离开公寓，作者和心爱的男友分手，她们都很难得到“爱”，也正是因为这一点，她们成为了朋友。故选B项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rambo已经去世十年了，但我仍在追寻我们之间的那种亲密关系。A.promise承诺；B.encounter遭遇；C.conflict冲突；D.bond亲密关系，纽带。根据上文“thereasonwhywebecamefriends”和“AdecadehaspassedsinceRambodiedbutI’mstillchasing”可知，作者和狼蛛建立了特殊的友谊“纽带”，因此在狼蛛去世十年后，作者仍对和Rambo之间的那种“亲密关系，纽带”念念不忘。故选D项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他可能不是一个普通的毛茸茸的伙伴，但他交友的能力甚至超过了他吓唬人的能力。A.natural自然的；B.voluntary自愿的；C.unusual不寻常的；D.ordinary普通的。