河北省承德市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河北省承德市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOurbroadcastingcampwillopenonAugust1st.Thisuniqueopportunityisdesignedtoattractparticipantstotheworldofbroadcastingandmediaproduction.CampDetailsDuration:2weeksCapacity:50participantsVenue:NationalMediaCenter,NewYorkTrainingSchedulesOurcampwillcoverawiderangeoftopics,includingstorytelling,audioandvideoproductiontechniques,livebroadcastandstudiooperations,socialmediaanddigitalbroadcasting.Eachdaywillbeablend(融合)oflectures,hands-onworkshops,andinteractivesessionswithindustryprofessionals.BenefitsforParticipantsGainpracticalskillsinbroadcastingandmediaproduction.Networkwithindustryexpertsandfellowenthusiasts.Receiveacertificateofcompletionrecognizedbyleadingmediainstitutions.Opportunitiestoshowcasetalentthroughlivebroadcastsanddigitalplatforms.WhyJoinUs?Ourcamppromisestobeanenrichingexperiencethatnotonlyequipsyouwiththenecessaryskillsbutalsoopensdoorstoacareerinthebroadcastingindustry.Whetheryou’reastudentlookingtoexploreyourpassionoraprofessionalseekingtoenhanceyourskills,ourcampistheperfectplatformforyourgrowth.Don’tmissthischancetoinspireyourpassionforbroadcasting.Applynowandletyourvoiceheard!Formoreinformationandtoregister,clickhere.1.Whatdoesthebroadcastingcampfeature?A.Averylowprice. B.Manyrelativetopics.C.Theprocessofproduction. D.Thewaystoknowexperts.2.Howcanyousignupforthebroadcastingcamp?A.Byvisitingawebsite. B.Byregisteringon-site.C.Bycallingateacher. D.Bywritingtothecamp.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tofocusonbroadcasting. B.Tointroducesocialmedia.C.Topromotethecamp. D.Todevelopstudents’hobbies.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。这篇文章主要介绍了一个即将在8月1日开营的广播训练营。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TrainingSchedules部分中“Ourcampwillcoverawiderangeoftopics,includingstorytelling,audioandvideoproductiontechniques,livebroadcastandstudiooperations,socialmediaanddigitalbroadcasting.(我们的夏令营将涵盖广泛的主题，包括讲故事、音频和视频制作技术、直播和演播室运营、社交媒体和数字广播。)”可知，训练营将涵盖广泛的主题，包括故事讲述、音频和视频制作技术、现场广播和演播室操作、社交媒体和数字广播等，故该训练营特别的地方是融合了许多相关的话题。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Applynowandletyourvoiceheard!Formoreinformationandtoregister,click

here.(现在申请，让你的声音被听到！欲了解更多信息和注册，请点击这里。)”可知，点击这里获取更多信息和注册即点击该网站即可注册报名该训练营。故选A。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，文中从训练营的特色、训练安排、参与者的好处以及为什么应该参加等方面进行了详细介绍，旨在吸引读者参加广播训练营即文章的目的是宣传训练营。故选C。BSomeoftheclassroomsatTaftElementaryinSantaClara,California,haveonedisadvantageincommon:Theydon’thavewindows.That’strueforLoganEarnest’sfifthgradeclassroom,andhefeltitwasaffectinghisstudents.“Mostoftheday,they’reinside,”EarnesttoldCBSNews.“Andtheydon’treallygettoseeanytrees,grass,orthebluesky.”Hesaidthegraywallscouldbedepressingtothekidsandmayaffecttheirattentionandeventheirattendance.ThiswasconfirmedbyformerschoolpsychologistErnestoRodriguez,whosaidthelackofwindowsdoesaffectkids,becauseresearchshowsbeinginandaroundnatureeasesanxietyandbenefitsstudents.Thoughnolongerapracticingpsychologist,perhapsheknowsnowmorethanevertheimpactnaturehasonmentalhealth.Rodriguezbecameaparkranger(公园管理员)onSouthernCalifornia’sCatalinaIslandandbeganfocusingonhispassion—landscapephotography.Itwasduringhistrainingtobecomeaparkrangerthathelearnedafactthatkidswhohaveviewsoutwindowstotreesdobetteracademically,emotionallyandcreatively.Soanideatobringnatureintoroomsoccurredtohim:Whynotbringlandscapesinclassrooms—viatheceiling(天花板),becauseteachersdon’ttypicallyusethem.Rodrigueztook360degreeshotsoftreecanopies(树冠)usinghisphotographyskills,thenheprintedthemandfitthemontotheclassroomceilingofEarnest’sfifthgrade.“Beautiful,”onestudentsaidassheenteredtheroom.Anotherstudentsaidthetreesbroughthimpeace,“Whenyoulookup,itfeelslikeyou’resittingunderatree.”Earnestsaidhethoughttherewouldbemanypositiveeffectsonhisstudents.“Ithinkmyattendanceisgoingtogoup.Thekidsaregoingtowanttocomeheremorefrequently.Overall,Ithinkthekidsaregoingtobehappier,”hesaid.4.WhatisthecommonchallengesharedbysomeclassroomsatTaftElementary?A.Lackoffreshair. B.Absenceofwindows.C.Insufficientlighting. D.Limitedaccesstotechnology.5.WhydidErnestoRodriguezbringlandscapesintoclassrooms?A.Toconnectthestudentswithnature.B.Topromotehisphotographyskills.C.Toimprovetheteachers’performance.D.Tocreateanexcitingenvironmentforthestudents.6.HowdidthestudentsreacttoRodriguez’spicturesontheclassroomceiling?A.Theydidnotnoticethechange.B.Theyfailedtoconcentrateonlessons.C.Theypreferredtheoriginalgrayceiling.D.Theywereinfavourofthenewadditions.7.What’sLoganEarnest’sattitudetowardsthechangeintheclassroom?A.Cautiousandobjective. B.Appreciativeandsupportive.C.Concernedbutdoubtful. D.Curiousbutunsure.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，讲述了EmestoRodriguez将风景“带进”教室，让孩子们能够在没有窗户的教室里接触到自然的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“SomeoftheclassroomsatTaftElementaryinSantaClara,California,haveonedisadvantageincommon:Theydon’thavewindows.(加利福尼亚州圣克拉拉市塔夫脱小学的一些教室有一个共同的缺点：没有窗户。)”可知，这个学校的一些教室面临的一个共同的挑战是它们都没有窗户。故选B。【5题详析】推理判断题。文章第三段讲到“ThiswasconfirmedbyformerschoolpsychologistErnestoRodriguez,whosaidthelackofwindowsdoesaffectkids,becauseresearchshowsbeinginandaroundnatureeasesanxietyandbenefitsstudents.Thoughnolongerapracticingpsychologist,perhapsheknowsnowmorethanevertheimpactnaturehasonmentalhealth.(前学校心理学家埃内斯托·罗德里格斯证实了这一点，他说缺乏窗户确实会影响孩子，因为研究表明，在大自然中和大自然周围可以缓解焦虑，对学生有益。)”以及第四段“Itwasduringhistrainingtobecomeaparkrangerthathelearnedafactthatkidswhohaveviewsoutwindowstotreesdobetteracademically,emotionallyandcreatively.(正是在他接受公园护林员培训的过程中，他了解到一个事实，即那些能看到窗外树木的孩子在学业、情感和创造力方面都做得更好)”可知，EmestoRodriguez将风景“带进”教室是为了将学生和自然联系在一起。接触大自然对孩子们的身心健康有益。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。文章第五段中““Beautiful,”onestudentsaidassheenteredtheroom.Anotherstudentsaidthetreesbroughthimpeace,“Whenyoulookup,itfeelslikeyou’resittingunderatree.”(“太美了，”一个学生走进房间时说。另一名学生说，这些树给他带来了平静，“当你抬头看的时候，感觉就像你坐在树下。”)”引用的两个学生的评价可知，他们对教室天花板上的风景是很喜欢的。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。文章最后一段中LoganEarmest的话“Ithinkmyattendanceisgoingtogoup.Thekidsaregoingtowanttocomeheremorefrequently.Overall,Ithinkthekidsaregoingtobehappier(我想我的出勤率会上升。孩子们会想更频繁地来这里的。总的来说，我认为孩子们会更快乐)”可知，他对教室里的改变是持欣赏和赞同的态度的。故选B。CElephants’importantroleinmaintainingbiodiversityandhealthyecosystemshasearnedthemvariousnamesincludingecosystemengineersandforestgardeners.However,Africanforestelephants—aspecieslivingintherainforestsofcentralAfrica—areincreasinglyrecognizedbyanothername:“climateheroes”.Africanforestelephantshelplessenclimatechangebyincreasingcarbonstorageintheirforesthabitats,meaningtheyhelpremoveheat-trappingCO2fromtheatmosphere.Theydothisbyinfluencingtheforeststructure,includingbyincreasingthediversityandabundanceofplantspecies.It’sestimatedthatoneforestelephantcanincreasethenetcarboncapture(捕获)capacityoftheforestbyalmost250acres.Thisisequaltoremovingfromtheatmosphereayear’sworthofemissions(排放量)from2,047cars.“Asstrangeasitseems,allthateatinganddestructionhelptheforestpullmorecarbonoutoftheair,”saysAlisonPearceStevensinthebookAnimalClimateHeroes!.Elephantseatmorethan400poundsoffoodaday,sotheyspendalotoftimesearchingforfood.Astheywalkthroughtheforest,theydoalotofdamagetothesurroundingsmallertrees,leadingtothesurvivaloftreesthathavetheabilitytoabsorbandstoremoreCO2.Inaddition,theirthirstforfruitsalsohelpstopromoteforestgrowth.Thisisbecauseelephantsdispersefruitseeds.Inotherwords,theseedspassthroughtheelephantbodiesuntiltheydropbacktotheforestfloor.ButAfricanforestelephantsareseriouslyendangeredandcontinuetofacethreats.Thesemainlycomefromhuntingfortheillegalinternationaltradeinelephantivory(象牙),butalsofromhabitatlossandfewerfoodsources.Thenumberofforestelephantsfellbymorethan86%overaperiodof31years,andtheirhabitatsarethoughttohavereducedby75%.Protectingforestelephantsandtheforeststheydependonmeanswearesafeguardingtheirecologicalcontributionsthatweallrelyon.8.HowdoAfricanforestelephantshelprelieveclimatechange?A.Theyincreasethediversityofwildlifespecies.B.Theyhelptomaintaintheplantsoftheforest.C.Theytakeinheat-trappingCO2fromtheatmosphere.D.Theypromotethenetcarboncaptureabilityoftheforest.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disperse”inparagraph4mean?A.Consume. B.Preserve. C.Spread. D.Gather.10.WhatarethethreatsfacingAfricanforestelephants?A.Illegalhuntingandhabitatloss.B.Thedisturbedbalanceoftheforestecosystem.C.Naturaldisastersresultingfromclimatechange.D.Competitionforwatersourceswithotheranimals.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PreservingForests:Elephants’ContributionB.NewRoleofAfricanForestElephants:ClimateHeroesC.IvoryTradeThreatensAfricanForestElephantsD.ForestElephantsAreApproachingtheEdgeofExtinction【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲森林象有助于提升森林的碳捕获能力减缓气候变化被称作“气候英雄”，以及它们面临的威胁。【8题详析】细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“It’sestimatedthatoneforestelephantcanincreasethenetcarboncapture(捕获)capacityoftheforestbyalmost250acres.(据估计，一头森林大象可以使森林的净碳捕获能力增加近250英亩。)”可知，非洲森林象通过提高森林的碳捕获能力来帮助减缓气候变化。故选D。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据划线词的上文“Inaddition,theirthirstforfruitsalsohelpstopromoteforestgrowth.(此外，它们对水果的渴望也有助于促进森林的生长)”以及下文“Inotherwords,theseedspassthroughtheelephantbodiesuntiltheydropbacktotheforestfloor.(换句话说，种子穿过大象的身体，直到它们掉回森林地面)”可知，大象喜欢吃水果，而水果的种子通过大象的排泄从大象体内回到森林地面，这帮助散播了水果种子，有助于促进森林的生长。故disperse同spread“传播”意思相近。故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。文章最后一段中“Thesemainlycomefromhuntingfortheillegalinternationaltradeinelephantivory(象牙),butalsofromhabitatlossandfewerfoodsources.Thenumberofforestelephantsfellbymorethan86%overaperiodof31years,andtheirhabitatsarethoughttohavereducedby75%.(这些主要来自对象牙非法国际贸易的狩猎，也来自栖息地的丧失和食物来源的减少。在31年的时间里，森林大象的数量减少了86%以上，它们的栖息地被认为减少了75%)”可知，非洲森林象面临的主要威胁是非法狩猎、栖息地丧失和食物来源减少。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“Elephants’importantroleinmaintainingbiodiversityandhealthyecosystemshasearnedthemvariousnamesincludingecosystemengineersandforestgardeners.However,Africanforestelephants—aspecieslivingintherainforestsofcentralAfrica—areincreasinglyrecognizedbyanothername:“climateheroes”.(大象在维持生物多样性和健康生态系统方面的重要作用为它们赢得了各种各样的名字，包括生态系统工程师和森林园丁。然而，非洲森林象——一种生活在中非热带雨林中的物种——越来越多地被另一个名字所认可：‘气候英雄’。)”可知，本文主要讲述了非洲森林象如何通过增加森林的碳捕获能力来缓解气候变化，被称作“气候英雄”，以及非洲森林象所面临的威胁；因此，最适合的标题是B选项“非洲森林象的新角色：气候英雄”，故选B。DSpaceengineersfromtheUniversityofGlasgowhavepublishednewresearchshowinghowreflectors(反射器)placedinorbitaroundEarthcouldincreasetheoutputoffuturelarge-scalesolarfarmsbyreflectingadditionalsunlighttowardthemevenafterthesunhasset.Intheirpaper,theresearchersdescribedhowtheyusedadvancedcomputermodelstohelpdeterminethemosteffectivemethodofusingorbitingsolarreflectorstoproduceadditionalpower.Theirmodelsshowedthatputting20thinreflectorsintoorbit1,000kilometersfromEarthcouldreflectsunlighttosolarfarmsforanextratwohourseachdayonaverage.Theadditionalsunlightcouldincreasetheoutputoftheworld’sfuturesolarfarms,particularlyaftersunsetwhenelectricitydemandishigh.Theoutputcouldbescaledupfurtherbyaddingmorereflectorsorincreasingtheirsize.Theteamdevelopedanalgorithm(算法)todeterminehowthereflectorscouldbearrangedtocatchthesun’sraysmosteffectively,maximizingtheadditionalsunlightreflectedtosolarfarmsaroundEarthintheearlymorningandlateevening.Theresearcherssuggestedthat20reflectorscouldproduceanextra728MWhofelectricityperday—equaltoaddinganadditionallargesolarpowerfarmtoEarthwithoutthecostofconstruction.Dr.OnurÇelik,oneauthorofthepaper,said,“Solarpowerhasthepotentialtospeedourracetoreachnet-zero,helpingustorelievetheglobalimpactsofclimatechangebyreducingourrelianceonfossilfuels.”Moreover,thepriceofsolarpanels(太阳能电池板)hasdroppedquicklyinrecentyears,increasingthepaceoftheiradoptionandpavingthewayforthecreationoflargesolarfarmsaroundtheworld.Oneofthemajorlimitationsofsolarpower,ofcourse,isthatitcanonlybegeneratedduringdaylighthours.Puttingorbitingsolarreflectorsinspacewouldhelptomaximizetheeffectivenessofsolarfarmsintheyearstocome.Strategicallyplacingnewsolarfarmsinlocationswhichreceivethemostadditionalsunlightfromthereflectorscouldmakethemevenmoreeffective.12.Whatisthepurposeofplacingreflectorsinspace?A.ToimprovecommunicationbetweenEarthandspace.B.Tobringtheeffectsofclimatechangeundercontrol.C.Toproduceelectricityforagriculturaluse.D.Toincreasetheproductionofsolarpower.13.Whatmaycontributetotheapplicationoflarge-scalesolarfarms?A.Theincreaseddemandforelectricity. B.Thedecreaseinthecostofsolarpanels.C.Thedevelopmentofspacetechnology. D.Therequirementtopreservetheenvironment.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthefutureofsolarfarms?A.They’llreplacefossilfuelscompletely.B.They’llbecomethemainsourceofenergy.C.They’llbemorecost-effectiveandefficient.D.They’llrelymainlyonorbitingreflectorsforsunlight.15.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Amathswebsite.C.Amarketingbrochure. D.Apolicybrief.【答案】12.D13.B14.C15.A【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道，安装在太空中的反射器使太阳能发电场的未来一片光明。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“SpaceengineersfromtheUniversityofGlasgowhavepublishednewresearchshowinghowreflectors(反射器)placedinorbitaroundEarthcouldincreasetheoutputoffuturelarge-scalesolarfarmsbyreflectingadditionalsunlighttowardthemevenafterthesunhasset.(格拉斯哥大学的空间工程师发表了一项新的研究，展示了放置在地球轨道上的反射器如何通过在太阳落西后反射额外的阳光来增加未来大型太阳能发电场的产量)”和第二段中“Intheirpaper,theresearchersdescribedhowtheyusedadvancedcomputermodelstohelpdeterminethemosteffectivemethodofusingorbitingsolarreflectorstoproduceadditionalpower.(在他们的论文中，研究人员描述了他们如何使用先进的计算机模型来帮助确定使用轨道太阳反射器产生额外能量的最有效方法)”可知，在太空中安装反射器的目的是增加太阳能的产出，故选D。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Moreover,thepriceofsolarpanels(太阳能电池板)hasdroppedquicklyinrecentyears,increasingthepaceoftheiradoptionandpavingthewayforthecreationoflargesolarfarmsaroundtheworld.(此外，近年来太阳能电池板的价格迅速下降，加快了它们的采用速度，并为在世界各地建立大型太阳能农场铺平了道路)”可知，太阳能电池板价格的下降促进了大型太阳能发电场的应用，故选B。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Moreover,thepriceofsolarpanels(太阳能电池板)hasdroppedquicklyinrecentyears,increasingthepaceoftheiradoptionandpavingthewayforthecreationoflargesolarfarmsaroundtheworld.(此外，近年来太阳能电池板的价格迅速下降，加快了它们的采用速度，并为在世界各地建立大型太阳能农场铺平了道路)”讲太阳能电池板价格的下降促进了大型太阳能发电场的应用和最后一段中“Puttingorbitingsolarreflectorsinspacewouldhelptomaximizetheeffectivenessofsolarfarmsintheyearstocome.Strategicallyplacingnewsolarfarmsinlocationswhichreceivethemostadditionalsunlightfromthereflectorscouldmakethemevenmoreeffective.(太空中放置轨道太阳能反射器将有助于在未来几年最大限度地提高太阳能发电场的效率。战略性地将新的太阳能发电场安置在从反射器接收最多额外阳光的地方，可以使它们更加有效)”可知，未来的太阳能发电场会是高性价比和高效率的，故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“SpaceengineersfromtheUniversityofGlasgowhavepublishednewresearchshowinghowreflectors(反射器)placedinorbitaroundEarthcouldincreasetheoutputoffuturelarge-scalesolarfarmsbyreflectingadditionalsunlighttowardthemevenafterthesunhasset.(格拉斯哥大学的空间工程师发表了一项新的研究，展示了放置在地球轨道上的反射器如何通过在太阳落西后反射额外的阳光来增加未来大型太阳能农场的产量)”可知，文章主要介绍了安装在太空中的反射器对太阳能发电场的积极影响，最有可能出自一篇新闻报道，故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Adaptingtodifferentculturesisanenrichingjourneythatbroadensouropinionsandimprovesglobalunderstanding.Herearesomestepstohelpyouembrace(拥抱)culturaldiversity.AdmittingculturaldifferencesAcknowledgeandacceptthateachculturehasitsownwayoflife.Admitthatnocultureissuperiororinferior;theyaresimplydifferent.___16___.SeekingculturalunderstandingYoushouldunderstandthefundamentalaspectsofthecultureyoucomeacross.___17___.Engageinconversationswithlocalstogaininsightsintotheirdailylivesandvalues.Thisapproachwillnotonlyenrichyourknowledgebutalsodeepenyourappreciationfortheculture.ExploringlocalfoodFoodisawindowintoaculture’ssoul.Trythelocalcuisinetoexperiencethediversityofflavorsandcookingstyles.___18___,eachbitecanofferaconnectiontotheculture’sheritage(遗产).SharingyourowncultureRemember,culturaladaptationisreciprocal(相应的).Whileyou’relearningaboutothers,youalsohavethechancetosharestoriesandaspectsofyourownculture.___19___.Inaword,adaptingtodifferentculturesisaboutembracingthediversitywithanopenheartandmind.___20___.Bydoingso,youcanenrichyourlifewithnewviewpointsandexperiences.A.Whetherit’sseafoodordessertB.IfyouwanttoknowsomedeliciousfoodC.ThisexchangecanimproveunderstandingD.Learnabouttheirhistory,traditions,andsoonE.LanguageisapowerfultoolforculturaladaptationF.ItinvolvesrespectandawillingnesstolearnandshareG.Ithelpssetthestageforapositiveattitudetonewexperiences【答案】16.G17.D18.A19.C20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了适应不同文化的重要性，并提出了一系列步骤来帮助人们拥抱文化多样性。【16题详析】根据前文“Acknowledgeandacceptthateachculturehasitsownwayoflife.Admitthatnocultureissuperiororinferior;theyaresimplydifferent.(承认并接受每种文化都有自己的生活方式。承认没有文化的优劣之分；它们只是不同而已。)”可知，此处强调承认文化没有优劣之分，只是不同而已，设空处应该进一步阐述传承差异带来的积极影响。G选项“Ithelpssetthestageforapositiveattitudetonewexperiences(它为对新体验的积极态度奠定了基础)”符合语境，指出承认文化差异有助于形成对新体验的积极态度，与前文内容呼应。故选G。【17题详析】根据前文的“Youshouldunderstandthefundamentalaspectsofthecultureyoucomeacross.

(你应该了解你所遇到的文化的基本方面。)”可知，此处强调你应该了解你所遇到的文化的基本方面。D选项“Learnabouttheirhistory,traditions,andsoon(了解他们的历史、传统等等)”强调了解他们的历史、传统正是对“基本方面”的具体化，与上下文内容一致。故选D。【18题详析】根据本段小标题“Exploringlocalfood(探索当地美食)”以及上文“Trythelocalcuisinetoexperiencethediversityofflavorsandcookingstyles.

(尝试当地美食，体验不同的口味和烹饪风格)”强调通过探索当地美食体验不同的文化。A选项“Whetherit’sseafoodordessert(无论是海鲜还是甜点)”为让步状语从句，与下文“eachbitecanofferaconnectiontotheculture’sheritage(遗产).(每一口都能让人联想到当地的文化遗产。)”相衔接，指出无论当地的食物是海鲜还是甜点，品尝一口都能让人联想到当地的文化遗产，进一步强调了探索当地美食有助于了解当地文化，符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】根据前文“Whileyou’relearningaboutothers,youalsohavethechancetosharestoriesandaspectsofyourownculture.

(当你了解别人的时候，你也有机会分享你自己的故事和文化。)”可知，此处强调文化适应是相互的。C选项“Thisexchangecanimproveunderstanding(这种交流可以增进理解)”指出这种交流可以改善理解，正好说明了分享和了解是相互的，并能增进理解，与前文内容一致。故选C。【20题详析】根据前文“Inaword,adaptingtodifferentculturesisaboutembracingthediversitywithanopenheartandmind.

(总而言之，适应不同的文化就是要以开放的心态去接纳多样性。)”可知，此处强调适应不同的文化就是以开放的心态和心灵去拥抱多样性。F选项“Itinvolvesrespectandawillingnesstolearnandshare(它包括尊重和愿意学习和分享)”进一步阐释了适应文化多样性所需的品质，即尊重和愿意学习、分享，与承接即前文所提到的以开放的心态接纳多样性。故选F。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ten-year-oldHalleeMcCoombeswasbornwithspinabifida(脊柱裂),whichdidn’tstopherbecomingastarathlete.AsHalleeapproachedthefinishlineofthe800-metrerunforkidswitha____21____,thecrowdwascheeringwildlyandcallingher____22____.Withonlytenmetrestogo,Hallee____23____witheverystrength,withoutfeelinginherwaistandkneesbut____24____.WhenHalleecrossedthefinishlineandfelt____25____,hertwin,Jada,heldherup,whispering,“Youcameinthird!”Halleehasset____26____Australiantrack-and-fieldrecordsineventsforathleteswithhertypeofdisability-long-distancerunning,longjump,discusandjavelin.It’sanamazingachievementforsomeonewhowasn’texpectedto____27____.Bornwithspinabifida,Halleeunderwentimmediate____28____torepairherspinalcord.Afterrecovery,shetriedeffortstowalkonherownand____29____upperlegmuscleandcoresupport.Hermother,ChristineMcCoombes,trembled(颤抖)when_____30_____Hallee’sdiagnosis.“Thedoctorsalsotoldustheydidn’tknowwhatkindofbrain_____31_____shewouldhavewithhydrocephalus(脑积水).Wereallydidn’tknowhowmuchshewouldbeabletofunctionphysicallyand_____32_____,”themothersaid.EverytimeHallee’sparentswatchedtheir_____33_____daughtercompete,theirheartsburstwithpride.“I_____34_____everytime,especiallywhenpeoplestartedcheeringforher,”admittedherdad,Gavin.“Halleehasgoneagainstall_____35_____bybecomingarunnerdespiteherspinalcondition.”21.A.goal B.hope C.basis D.disability22.A.parents B.twins C.name D.mission23.A.setoff B.pushedforward C.brokeup D.fadedaway24.A.fortune B.resource C.energy D.pain25.A.tired B.bored C.confused D.scared26.A.limited B.normal C.several D.flexible27.A.walk B.gather C.grow D.settle28.A.reflection B.option C.permission D.operation29.A.transmit B.maintain C.ignore D.select30.A.spotting B.enjoying C.remembering D.imagining31.A.form B.tension C.range D.function32.A.socially B.mentally C.financially D.environmentally33.A.weak B.determined C.frightened D.intelligent34.A.cried B.rested C.hesitated D.regretted35.A.intentions B.proposals C.expectations D.arrangements【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.D25.A26.C27.A28.D29.B30.A31.D32.B33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，主要介绍了HalleeMcCoombes出生患有脊柱裂，但是她努力参加田径赛跑并获得成就的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当哈莉接近残疾儿童800米跑的终点线时，人群疯狂地欢呼，喊着她的名字。A.goal目标；B.hope希望；C.basis基础；D.disability残疾。根据第一段“Ten-year-oldHalleeMcCoombeswasbornwithspinabifida(脊柱裂),whichdidn’tstopherbecomingastarathlete.”及下文“withhertypeofdisability-long-distancerunning”可知，哈莉天生残疾，她参加了残疾儿童赛跑。故选D项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当哈莉接近残疾儿童800米跑的终点线时，人群疯狂地欢呼，喊着她的名字。A.parents父母；B.twins双胞胎；C.name名字；D.mission任务。根据上文“AsHalleeapproachedthefinishlineofthe800-metrerun”可知，哈莉接近终点时，大家为她欢呼，并喊着她的名字。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：只剩下十米了，哈莉用尽全力向前推进，腰和膝盖都没有感觉，除了疼痛。A.setoff启程，出发；B.pushedforward推进；C.brokeup关系破裂；D.fadedaway逐渐消失。根据“withoutfeelinginherwaistandknees”可知，哈莉十分劳累，所以是向前推进。故选B项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：只剩下十米了，哈莉用尽全力向前推进，腰和膝盖都没有感觉，除了疼痛。A.fortune运气，财富；B.resource资源；C.energy能源，精力；D.pain痛苦。根据“Withonlytenmetrestogo,Hallee________witheverystrength,withoutfeelinginherwaistandkneesbut”可知，哈莉身患残疾，所以在最后冲刺时是痛苦的。故选D项。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈莉冲过终点线时感到很累，她的孪生姐姐杰达把她扶起来，低声说：“你得了第三名！”A.tired劳累的；B.bored无聊的；C.confused困惑的；D.scared害怕的。根据上文“withoutfeelinginherwaistandkneesbut________”以及下文“hertwin,Jada,heldherup”可推知，哈莉冲过终点线时十分劳累。故选A项。【26题详析】考查形容词，限定词词义辨析。句意：哈莉以自己的残疾类型，在长跑、跳远、铁饼和标枪等田径项目上创造了几项澳大利亚田径纪录。A.limited有限的；B.normal正常的；C.several几个，一些；D.flexible灵活的。根据下文“It’sanamazingachievementforsomeone”可知，哈莉身患残疾，但是却获得了成就，所以创造了一些纪录。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于一个不可能走路的人来说，这是一个惊人的成就。A.walk步行；B.gather聚集；C.grow成长；D.settle解决。根据下文“Afterrecovery,shetriedeffortstowalkonherown”可知，哈莉患病，原本不能行走。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：出生时患有脊柱裂的哈莉立即接受了脊髓修复手术。A.reflection反映；B.option选择；C.permission允许；D.operation手术。根据“torepairherspinalcord”可知，哈莉接受了修复脊髓的手术。故选D项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：康复后，她尝试自己行走，并保持大腿肌肉和核心支撑。A.transmit传输；B.maintain维持；C.ignore忽视；D.select选择。根据“shetriedeffortstowalkonherownand____upperlegmuscleandcoresupport.”可知，手术之后，哈莉尝试行走，同时维持大腿肌肉和核心支撑。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她的母亲克里斯汀·麦库姆斯看到哈莉的诊断结果时，浑身发抖。A.spotting发现，看见；B.enjoying享受；C.remembering记得；D.imagining想象。根据“Hermother,ChristineMcCoombes,trembled”可知，妈妈看见女儿的诊断时颤抖了。故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲说：“医生还告诉我们，他们不知道她患有脑积水会有什么样的大脑功能。我们真的不知道她的身体和精神能发挥多大的作用。”A.form表格；B.tension紧张（关系）；C.range范围；D.function功能。根据“withhydrocephalus”可知，伴有脑积水，医生不确定哈莉会有什么样的大脑功能。故选D项。【32题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这位母亲说：“医生还告诉我们，他们不知道她患有脑积水会有什么样的大脑功能。我们真的不知道她的身体和精神能发挥多大的作用。”A.socially社会地；B.mentally精神上；C.financially财政地；D.environmentally有关环境地。根据“physically”及上文“theydidn’tknowwhatkindofbrain________shewouldhavewithhydrocephalus”可知，空处与physically并列应该为mentally。故选B项。【33题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每次哈莉的父母看到他们坚定的女儿参加比赛时，他们的内心都充满了骄傲。A.weak弱小的；B.determined坚定的；C.frightened害怕的；D.intelligent聪明的。根据文章第一段“Ten-year-oldHalleeMcCoombeswasbornwithspinabifida(脊柱裂),whichdidn’tstopherbecomingastarathlete.”可知，哈莉身患残疾，但是却坚持参加比赛，获得成就，她是坚定的，有决心的。故选B项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我每次都哭，尤其是当人们开始为她欢呼的时候，”她的父亲加文承认。A.cried哭；B.rested休息；C.hesitated犹豫；D.regretted后悔。根据“especiallywhenpeoplestartedcheeringforher”可知，父亲看到大家为女儿欢呼加油，不禁十分感动，会哭出来。故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈莉出乎所有人的意料，尽管有脊椎疾病，她还是成为了一名跑步者。A.intentions意图；B.proposals提议；C.expectations期待；D.arrangements安排。根据“bybecomingarunnerdespiteherspinalcondition”可知，哈莉尽管身患残疾，但是出乎所有人的意料，成为了一名跑步者。goagainstallexpectations意思为：出乎所有人的意料。故选C项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Moralsandvirtuesarelikeacompass(指南针)____36____guidesusinmakinggoodchoicesanddoingtherightthing.Moralsareaboutknowingthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong,whilevirtuesaregoodqualitiesorhabitsweshouldhave.Whenwefaceamoraldilemma,it’s____37____(challenge)todeterminetherightactiontotake.Inthesetimes,wecanrelyonourmoralstohelpuschoose____38____(wise).Forexample,beingkind,honest,andfairareimportantmoralvaluesthatcanguideouractions.Virtues,suchas____39____(patient),courage,andgenerosity,helpusbecomebetterpeople.Theyarelikestrengthswecandevelop____40____(face)challengesandtreatotherswithrespect.Whenweshowvirtuesinourdailylives,weinspirethosearoundustodothesame.Inrelationshipslikemarriageorfriendships,moralsandvirtuesplay____41____importantrole.Respect,trust,andloyaltyarevirtuesthatbuildstrongconnectionsandfosterharmony.When____42____(conflict)arise,relyingonmoralprinciplesandvirtuescanhelpusresolvedifferencespeacefully.It’salsoimportanttopassonthesevaluestothenextgeneration.Teachingchildrenaboutmoralsandvirtuesfromayoungage____43____(set)astrongfoundationfortheircharacterdevelopment.Bypracticingkindness,hones