湖北省八校联考2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省八校联考2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANEMOScienceMuseuminAmsterdamNEMOScienceMuseuminAmsterdamisastimulatingscene.Childrenofdifferentageshavefunwithhugesoapbubblesandexperimentsinthechemistrylab.Grown-ups,withorwithoutchildrenoftheirown,havefunatNEMOtoo.It’shardtoholdbackwhenyouarepresentedwithallthedevicesandexperiments.VisitingNEMOAmsterdamNEMOhousesloadsofhands-onscienceandtechnologyexhibitionsinsideitslargeboat-shapedbuilding.Nomatterwhatyourbackgroundis,youwilllearnsomethingnewandhavefuninexcitinggames.Attractionschangeregularly,socheckthehomepagetogetthelatestword.Rooftopsquare:theroofisfreelyaccessibleforeveryone.Youcanfindtheopen-airexhibitionEnergeticaandarestaurantontheroof,withbeautifulviewsofthecityofAmsterdam.NEMOticketsThemuseumcanbecrowded,soyoucanbuyyourNEMOticketsinadvance.4yearsandolder:€17.50Childrenunder4free20%discountforstudentgroupsoftwentyFacilitiesinNEMOThereareseveralcafésandifyouprefertobringyourownfood,snackingonitisallowedinassignedplaces.Onasunnydayyoushouldpicnicoutonthelargeroof.OpeninghoursNEMOisopenfromTuesdaytoSunday,10:00a.m.~17:30p.m.AccessibilityNEMOiseasilyaccessiblebypublictransport.Themuseum’seye-catchingcopper-greenbuildingiseasytospotfromAmsterdamCentralStation.●Bybus:TakeBus22andgetoffatKadijksplein.●Onfoot:Weatherconditionsallowing,a15-minutewalktoNEMOfromtheCentralStationisaniceoption.It’sworththetripjusttoviewthespectaculararchitectureandthesurroundingpiers(码头)andships.●Bycar:NEMOisaccessiblebycar.However,parkinginthecentreofAmsterdamisexpensive.NEMOdoesnothaveanyparkingfacilitiesofitsown.1.WhatcanpeopledoinNEMOScienceMuseum?A.Havefreelightsnacks. B.Purchasesomeexhibits.C.Shareregularattractions. D.Gainknowledgefromgames.2.Howmuchdoacouplewithachildaged3havetopay?A.€17.50. B.€35.00. C.€28.00. D.€52.50.3.WhichisarecommendedwaytogotoNEMOfromCentralStation?A.Takingafreebus. B.Drivingaprivatecar.C.Walkingthere,weatherpermitting. D.Takingaboattoavoidtrafficjams.【答案】1.D2.B3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了阿姆斯特丹的NEMOScienceMuseum，包括它的特色、票价、设施和交通选择等。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据VisitingNEMO部分的“AmsterdamNEMOhousesloadsofhands-onscienceandtechnologyexhibitionsinsideitslargeboat-shapedbuilding.Nomatterwhatyourbackgroundis,youwilllearnsomethingnewandhavefuninexcitinggames.(阿姆斯特丹NEMO在其巨大的空间内举办了大量的动手科学和技术展览船型建筑。无论你的背景是什么，你都会学到一些新东西，并在激动人心的游戏中获得乐趣)”可知，在NEMOScienceMuseum人们可以通过游戏学到一些知识。故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据NEMOtickets部分表格中的价目可知，4岁及以上票价是€17.50，四岁一下儿童免费。由此可知，一对夫妇带着3岁的孩子需要付：€17.50*2+0=€35。故选B。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Accessibility部分的“Onfoot:Weatherconditionsallowing,a15-minutewalktoNEMOfromtheCentralStationisaniceoption.It’sworththetripjusttoviewthespectaculararchitectureandthesurroundingpiers(码头)andships.(步行:如果天气条件允许，从中央车站步行15分钟到NEMO是一个不错的选择。只要看看壮观的建筑和周围的码头和船只，就值得一游)”可知，从中央车站到NEMO的推荐交通方式是在天气不错的时候选择步行。故选C。BIwasalwaysareader.Asakid,Iwalkedtothelibraryseveraltimesaweekandstayeduplatereadingwithatorch.IdidmyundergraduatedegreeinEnglishandwentontogetamaster’sinliterature.WhenIcreatedmyonlineprofile,Imademyscreenname“missbibliophile”.Fillingoutthe“favoritebooks”section,Iletmytasteinliteraturespeakforme:OneHundredYearsofSolitude,AMoveableFeast,WhiteTeeth,TheNamesake,TheKnownWorld.ButIrealizedithadbeenmorethantwoyearssinceIhadreadmostofthosetitles.Ihadstoppedreadinggradually,thewayonehealsordies.Davidwasmyonlinefriend.Hisprofilesaidhelikedtoread,soIaskedhimabouthislastbook.Hisfacelitupandhisfingersdanced.ItoldhimIonlyreadonebookthatyear.“Butit’sJune.Readabook!”hesaid.Iwaspainfullyawareoftheglaringhypocrisy(虚伪)inmylife.Idefendedthevirtuesofbookstoresintheageofonlineretailingandboughtbooks,andtheysatoneverysurfaceuntilmyhouseappearedtowearbooksthewayonewearsclothes.Hissuggestionon“readingabook”echoedinmyhead.Oneafternoon,IpickeduponeI’dboughtonlyforitspoetictitle.Ihadahardtimegettingintoit.WheneverIwastemptedtogiveuponit,IthoughtofDavid.IpushedthroughthefirsttwochaptersanddiscoveredanewnarratorandIlovedthealternatingpointsofview.Ireadatlunchandonmywalkhome,occasionallyliftingmyeyestoavoidstrangersandunevenroadsurface.Istayeduplateandfinishedthebook.Ifeltgreatandproudofmyself.ThelasttimeI’dpulledanall-nightertoread,Iwas12.IfelthimpushingmetobemoreofthepersonIusedtobeandmoreofwhoIwantedtobe.4.Whydidtheauthorpurposelylistmanyclassicsinherprofile?A.Toshowhertaste. B.Tolistbooksread. C.Tofillouttheform. D.Toindicateherability.5.HowmuchdoweknowaboutDavid?A.Heisinterestedindancing. B.Heisexcitedaboutbooks.C.HeiscuriousabouttheInternet. D.Heispatientwithstrangers.6.Howdidtheauthortrytoappearfondofreading?A.Byrefusingonlinebooks. B.Bydecoratingherhousewithbooks.C.Bywanderingaboutbookstores. D.Byconstantlybuyingdifferentbooks.7.Whydidtheauthorfeelproudofherself?A.Shestayedupallnight. B.Shefinishedreadingabook.C.Sheregainedpassionforbooks. D.Davidpushedhertoread.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者如何重获对阅读的热情。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Iwasalwaysareader.Asakid,Iwalkedtothelibraryseveraltimesaweekandstayeduplatereadingwithatorch.IdidmyundergraduatedegreeinEnglishandwentontogetamaster’sinliterature.WhenIcreatedmyonlineprofile,Imademyscreenname“missbibliophile”.Fillingoutthe“favoritebooks”section,Iletmytasteinliteraturespeakforme:”（我一直是个读者。小时候，我每周去图书馆几次，拿着手电筒读到很晚。我获得了英语本科学位，并获得了文学硕士学位。当我创建在线个人资料时，我把自己的网名定为“藏书迷”。在填写“最喜欢的书”一节时，我让我对文学的品味为我说话：）推知，作者罗列很多经典名著的目的也是为了显示自己对文学的品味。故选A项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Davidwasmyonlinefriend.Hisprofilesaidhelikedtoread,soIaskedhimabouthislastbook.Hisfacelitupandhisfingersdanced.”（大卫是我的网友。他的个人资料说他喜欢读书，所以我问他上一本书的情况。他很高兴，手指跳着舞）可知，可知David是个热爱读书的人。故选B项。【6题详析】细节理解题。由文章第四段“Iwaspainfullyawareoftheglaringhypocrisyinmylife.Idefendedthevirtuesofbookstoresintheageofonlineretailingandboughtbooks,andtheysatoneverysurfaceuntilmyhouseappearedtowearbooksthewayonewearsclothes”（我痛苦地意识到我生活中明显的虚伪。在网上零售和购书的时代，我利用了书店无处不在优点，直到我的房子看起来像我们穿衣服一样到处摆满了书）可知，作者通过买不同的书回家以显示自己似乎喜欢阅读。故选D项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ifeltgreatandproudofmyself.ThelasttimeI’dpulledanall-nightertoread,Iwas12.IfelthimpushingmetobemoreofthepersonIusedtobeandmoreofwhoIwantedtobe.”（我为自己感到非常自豪。我上一次熬夜看书是在12岁。我觉得他在推动我做回以前的自己，做回我想做的自己）可知，作者为自己感到自豪，是因为重拾读书的热情。故选C项。CEvery40daysalanguagedies.This“catastrophic”lossisbeingintensifiedbytheclimatecrisis;accordingtolinguists.Ifnothingisdone,conservativeestimatessuggestthathalfofallthe7000languagescurrentlyspokenwillbeextinctbytheendofthecentury.Speakersofminoritylanguageshaveexperiencedalonghistoryofpersecution(迫害),withtheresultthatbythe1920shalfofallindigenous(土著的)languagesinAustralia,theUS,SouthAfricaandArgentinawereextinct.Theclimatecrisisisnowconsideredthe“finalnailinthecoffin”formanyindigenouslanguagesandtheknowledgetheyrepresent.“Languagesarealreadyendangered,”saysAnastasiaRichl,directoroftheStrathylanguageunitatQueen’sUniversityinKingston,Ontario.Hugefactorsareglobalizationandmigration,ascommunitiesmovetoregionswheretheirlanguageisnotspokenorvalued,accordingtoRichl.“Itseemsparticularlycruel,”shesays,“thatmostoftheworld’slanguagesareinpartsoftheworldthataregrowingunpleasanttopeople.”Vanuatu,aSouthPacificislandnationmeasuring12,189km2,has110languages,thehighestdensity(密度)oflanguagesontheplanet.Itisalsooneofthecountriesmostatriskofsealevelrise,shesays.“Manysmalllanguagecommunitiesareonislandsandcoastlineseasilysubjecttohurricanesandsealevelrise.”Othersliveonlandswhererisingtemperaturethreatenstraditionalfarmingandfishingpractices,leadingtomigration.Inresponsetothecrisis,theUNlaunchedtheInternationalDecadeofIndigenousLanguagesin2022.Promotingandconservinglanguagesofindigenouscommunitiesis“notonlyimportantforthem,butforallhumanity”,saidCsabaKorosi,theUNgeneralassemblypresident,urgingcountriestoallowaccesstoeducationinindigenouslanguages.8.Whatisthewritermainlyconcernedabout?A.Thedisappearanceoflanguages. B.Thechallengeofclimatechange.C.Thereactiontothelanguagecrisis. D.Thetrendofthespeedyglobalization.9.WhyisVanuatumentionedinparagraph3?A.Toexplainthemainreasonforlanguagedensity.B.Toshowthecommonfeaturesofendangeredlanguages.C.Tostresstheimpactofgeographicalpositiononmigration.D.Toillustratethesituationofminoritylanguagecommunities.10.WhatdoestheInternationalDecadeofIndigenousLanguagesaimtodo?A.Supportmigrantstoaccesslocaleducation.B.Discouragepeoplefrommassivemigration.C.Improvethelivingconditionsofminoritygroups.D.Preservethelanguagesofindigenouscommunities.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FacedwithDisasters:CommunitiesHavetoLeaveB.LostforWords:RisingSeasBringThreatofCatastropheC.UpsetatExtinction:UNUrgesInternationalCooperationD.InvolvedinAction:ExpertsSeekSolutionstoClimateCrisis【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了气候危机加剧了语言的消失，解释了语言消失背后的种种原因以及联合国对土著语言的保护措施。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“This“catastrophic”lossisbeingintensifiedbytheclimatecrisis;accordingtolinguists.Ifnothingisdone,conservativeestimatessuggestthathalfofallthe7000languagescurrentlyspokenwillbeextinctbytheendofthecentury.(气候危机加剧了这种“灾难性”损失；根据语言学家的说法。保守估计，如果不采取任何措施，到本世纪末，目前使用的7000种语言中有一半将灭绝)”以及第二段“Speakersofminoritylanguageshaveexperiencedalonghistoryofpersecution(迫害),withtheresultthatbythe1920shalfofallindigenous(土著的)languagesinAustralia,theUS,SouthAfricaandArgentinawereextinct.(说少数民族语言的人经历了漫长的迫害历史，结果到20世纪20年代，澳大利亚、美国、南非和阿根廷的土著语言中有一半已经灭绝)”可知，作者主要关心的是语言的消失。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Vanuatu,aSouthPacificislandnationmeasuring12,189km2,has110languages,thehighestdensity(密度)oflanguagesontheplanet.Itisalsooneofthecountriesmostatriskofsealevelrise,shesays.“Manysmalllanguagecommunitiesareonislandsandcoastlineseasilysubjecttohurricanesandsealevelrise.”Othersliveonlandswhererisingtemperaturethreatenstraditionalfarmingandfishingpractices,leadingtomigration.(瓦努阿图是一个南太平洋岛国，面积12189平方公里，拥有110种语言，是地球上语言密度最高的国家。她说，它也是海平面上升风险最大的国家之一。“许多小语言社区位于岛屿和海岸线上，容易受到飓风和海平面上升的影响。”另一些人生活在气温上升威胁到传统农业和渔业的土地上，导致迁徙)”可推知，第3段提到瓦努阿图是为了说明少数民族语言社区的情况。故选D。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Promotingandconservinglanguagesofindigenouscommunitiesis“notonlyimportantforthem,butforallhumanity”,saidCsabaKorosi,theUNgeneralassemblypresident,urgingcountriestoallowaccesstoeducationinindigenouslanguages.(联合国大会主席CsabaKorosi表示，促进和保护土著社区的语言“不仅对他们很重要，对全人类也很重要”。他敦促各国允许用土著语言进行教育)”可知，土著语言国际十年的目标是保护土著社区的语言。故选D。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Every40daysalanguagedies.This“catastrophic”lossisbeingintensifiedbytheclimatecrisis;accordingtolinguists.Ifnothingisdone,conservativeestimatessuggestthathalfofallthe7000languagescurrentlyspokenwillbeextinctbytheendofthecentury.(每40天就有一种语言消亡。气候危机加剧了这种“灾难性”损失；根据语言学家的说法。保守估计，如果不采取任何措施，到本世纪末，目前使用的7000种语言中有一半将灭绝)”结合文章主要说明了气候危机加剧了语言的消失，解释了语言消失背后的种种原因以及联合国对土著语言的保护措施。可知，B选项“语言的丧失：海平面上升带来灾难的威胁”最符合文章标题。故选B。DYouknowexerciseisheartsmartandgoodforyou.Butdoyoureallyknowhowmuchphysicalactivityyou’regetting?Studiesshowthatusingafitnesstracker-adevicethattracksyourmovement—canincreaseyourstepsperdaybymorethanamile.“Fitnesstrackersareagreattoolforhearthealth,”sayscardiologist(心脏病医生)SethMartin.“Beingmoreactiveandchangingyourhabitsisimportantbutdifficult.Trackinglikelyhelpspeoplewhencombinedwithacleargoaltoshootfor.”Havinganobjectivedailyrecordcanopenpeople’seyestohowlittleexercisethey’regetting,Martinsays,whichcanrecalibratetheirmindset(心态)andgetmotivated.Peoplefindwaystoincorporate(融入)moreactivitiesintotheirday,walkingduringmeetings,orsimplytakingthestairsinsteadofanelevator.“Fitnesstrackinggivespeopleinformationandenablesthemtostartmakingchangesforhearthealth,”Martinsays.Tryafewtrackersuntilyoufindonethat’scomfortableforyouandyourbudget.Martinsuggests,“Onceyou’vemadeamatch,youcantrythenextsteps:Usethetrackerconsistentlyeveryday.Setagoalandthenfindactivitiesyouenjoythatalsofitintoyourdailylifeandcanbesustainedoverthelongterm.Finally,encouragefriendsandfamilytousetrackersaswell.Itcancreateasocialsupportnetworkandevenfosterasenseofcompetition.Followthesetips,andyou’llbeonyourwaytoahealthierlifestyleandahealthierheart.”Sobeready,asdoctorslearnandintroduceevenbetterwaystousethesedevices.Inarandomizedclinicaltrial,Martinandhiscolleaguestestedanautomated,real-time,personalizedprogramthatsentcoachingtextmessagestocardiologypatientsbasedondatafromawearabledevicepairedwiththeirphone.Overtheshortterm,thiscoachingsystemhelpedincreasestepcountsbyoveramileadaybeyondtrackingalone.“Ithinktechnologycanbeaverypowerfultooltogetpeoplemovingmore,”saysMartin.12.Accordingtoparagraphs1-2,whatdopeoplefailtodowhenexercising?A.Integratemovementintowork. B.Maintainadailyexerciseschedule.C.Kickimproperhabitsofexercising. D.Monitortheamountofphysicalactivity.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“recalibrate”inparagraph3mean?A.Adjust. B.Abandon. C.Strengthen. D.Evaluate.14.WhatdoesMartinsuggestpeopledo?A.Encouragethefamilytoattendcompetitions.B.Takeexerciseundertheguidanceofacoach.C.Purchaseaproperdeviceanduseiteveryday.D.Consultadoctoranddecideonsuitableactivities.15.WhatdoesMartinthinkofthefutureoffitnesstrackers?A.Uncertain. B.Promising. C.Doubtful. D.Sustainable.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍使用健身追踪器可以使你每天的步数增加一英里多。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Youknowexerciseisheartsmartandgoodforyou.Butdoyoureallyknowhowmuchphysicalactivityyou’regetting?Studiesshowthatusingafitnesstracker-adevicethattracksyourmovement—canincreaseyourstepsperdaybymorethanamile.(你知道运动对心脏有益，对你有好处。但是你真的知道你做了多少运动吗?研究表明，使用健身追踪器——一种跟踪你运动的设备——可以使你每天的步数增加一英里多)”以及第二段““Fitnesstrackersareagreattoolforhearthealth,”sayscardiologistSethMartin.“Beingmoreactiveandchangingyourhabitsisimportantbutdifficult.Trackinglikelyhelpspeoplewhencombinedwithacleargoaltoshootfor.”(“健身追踪器是心脏健康的好工具，”心脏病专家赛斯·马丁说。“变得更积极，改变你的习惯很重要，但也很难。如果与明确的目标相结合，追踪可能会对人们有所帮助。”)”推知，人们在锻炼时没有监测身体活动量。故选D项。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据后文“Peoplefindwaystoincorporatemoreactivitiesintotheirday,walkingduringmeetings,orsimplytakingthestairsinsteadofanelevator.(人们想办法在一天中加入更多的活动，在会议期间散步，或者只是走楼梯而不是乘电梯)”可知，当人们有一个客观的每日记录可以让人们意识到自己的运动量有多少时，他们会想办法在一天中加入更多的活动，也就是重新调整他们的心态，所以recalibrate应该是“重新调整”之意，和A项“Adjust(调整)”词义相近。故选A项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Martinsuggests,“Onceyou’vemadeamatch,youcantrythenextsteps:Usethetrackerconsistentlyeveryday.Setagoalandthenfindactivitiesyouenjoythatalsofitintoyourdailylifeandcanbesustainedoverthelongterm.Finally,encouragefriendsandfamilytousetrackersaswell.Itcancreateasocialsupportnetworkandevenfosterasenseofcompetition.Followthesetips,andyou’llbeonyourwaytoahealthierlifestyleandahealthierheart.”(马丁建议:“一旦你找到了匹配，你就可以尝试接下来的步骤：每天坚持使用追踪器。设定一个目标，然后找到你喜欢的活动，这些活动既适合你的日常生活，又能长期坚持下去。最后，鼓励朋友和家人也使用追踪器。它可以创造一个社会支持网络，甚至培养一种竞争意识。遵循这些建议，你将拥有更健康的生活方式和更健康的心脏。”)”可知，马丁建议人们购买一个合适的设备，每天使用。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中““Ithinktechnologycanbeaverypowerfultooltogetpeoplemovingmore,”saysMartin.(马丁说:“我认为科技可以成为一个非常强大的工具，让人们更多地运动。”)”可推知，马丁认为健身追踪器的未来是有前途的。故选B项。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Havingagoodsenseofhumormakesyoumoreenjoyabletobearound.____16____.Here’showyoucandevelopyoursenseofhumor.●SurroundYourselfwithHumorYoulearnmoreeffectivelywhenyoufullyexposeyourselftoasubject.Similarly,youcanimproveyoursenseofhumorbysurroundingyourselfwithhumor.Watchstand-upcomedians.Listentoprogramsthatamuseyou.Readhumorousbooks.____17____.●LearnWhatAmusesYou____18____.Weamuseourfriendsbypraisingachangetheymade.However,whenitcomestobeingfunny,don’tchangeyoursenseofhumortoamuseotherpeople.Instead,startwithwhatamusesyou.Then,ifyouthinktheotherpersonwillalsobeamusedwithit,shareitwiththem.●ThinkAboutTimingandAudienceYoudon’thavetobefunnyallthetime,sodon’texpectthatofyourself.Whenyoucatchyourselftryingtobefunny,slowdown.Simplyspeakslowersoyou’renotaslikelytostopandrepeatyourself.Tryspeakingat60-70%ofyourusualrate.____19____.●____20____Youdon’tneedtoseizeeverysingleopportunitytobefunny.Ifyou’reinthemiddleofabadjoke,justendit.“Youknowwhat,nowthatI’mtellingit,it’snotasfunnyasitsoundedinmyhead,”canbeabitofanawkwardendandhurtyourpridealittlebit,butitsaveseveryonetimeandpatience.Inthelongrun,they’llrespectyourtaste.A.BeCreative,NotSillyB.PauseinbetweensentencesC.There’salotoffunoutthereD.YoumightalsodobetteratworkE.KnowWhentoPullthePlugonYourselfF.YoucanalsotryyourhandintherealworldG.Alotoftimes,wesaythingspurelytopleaseothers【答案】16.D17.C18.G19.B20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何培养幽默感。【16题详析】根据下文“Havingagoodsenseofhumormakesyoumoreenjoyabletobearound.(拥有良好的幽默感会让你在身边更愉快)”可知，上文介绍有幽默感的好处。根据下文“Here’showyoucandevelopyoursenseofhumor.(以下是如何培养你的幽默感)”可知，下文引出如何培养幽默感。故空格处应承接上文，继续补充幽默感的好处。D项“Youmightalsodobetteratwork(你也可能在工作中做得更好)”符合语境。故选D项。【17题详析】根据上文“Watchstandupcomedians.Listentoprogramsthatamuseyou.Readhumorousbooks.(观看单口相声演员。听有趣的节目，读幽默的书)”可知，上文这些做法都可以帮助培养幽默感。C项“There’salotoffunoutthere(那里有很多乐趣)”说明这些做法可以获得乐趣，符合语境。故选C项。【18题详析】根据下文“Weamuseourfriendsbypraisingachangetheymade.However,whenitcomestobeingfunny,don’tchangeyoursenseofhumortoamuseotherpeople.(我们通过赞扬朋友所做的改变来取悦他们。然而，当谈到有趣时，不要为了取悦他人而改变你的幽默感)”可知，下文讲到我们通过赞扬朋友所做的改变来取悦他们。但However后又说我们不要为了取悦他人而改变自己幽默感。由此推知，空格处应围绕“取悦他人”。G项“Alotoftimes,wesaythingspurelytopleaseothers(很多时候，我们说话纯粹是为了取悦他人)”符合语境。故选G项。【19题详析】根据本段小标题“ThinkAboutTimingandAudience(思考时机和受众)”可知，本段主要围绕时机和受众给出建议。B项“Pauseinbetweensentences(在句子之间停顿)”符合本段主旨。故选B项。【20题详析】空格处是本段小标题。从前面几个小标题的句式结构可知，此处应填入祈使句。根据下文“Youdon’tneedtoseizeeverysingleopportunitytobefunny.Ifyou’reinthemiddleofabadjoke,justendit.(你不需要抓住每一个机会来搞笑。如果你正在讲一个糟糕的笑话，就把它结束吧)”可知，本段主要建议人们要学会适可而止。E项“KnowWhentoPullthePlugonYourself(知道什么时候该拔掉自己的插头)”最能概括本段主旨。故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Almosteightyearsago,Nixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabench,enjoyingaspectacularsunriseattheSt.Petersburg,Florida,waterfront.“Icallit‘liferising’becausewatchinga____21____makesmefeelcenteredbeforestartingmyday,”saysNixon.It’sNixon’sown____22____ofhismotivation.However,ayearlater,apassingwoman____23____hisoriginalthoughtonhisdaily____24____.Shesaid,“EverymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere,Iknowthat____25____isgoingtobeOK.”Nixon____26____“ItwasatthatmomentthatIsuddenlyrealized:Everypersonwhostoppedbythebench____27____myattention.Ineededtomakeeye____28____andletpeopleknowwe____29____toeachother.”Insteadofjust______30______atthesunrise,Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandlendinga(n)______31______tolistentothemwithoutaskingforanyreturn.Andprettysoon,hestarted______32______withsomeearlyriserswhobeganjoininghimonthebench.Later,somestrangerseven______33______themselvesouttoturntoNixonforadviceaboutrelationships,careers,andpersonalproblems.“Iwashappyto______34______,”Nixon,59,says,“Iwantedpeopletoknowthattheyneedn’tfeel______35______orupsetwhenwalkingaway.Atthisperiodinlife,thisis______36______mypurpose.”So,everymorning,weatherpermitting,Nixon______37______at4:30a.m,putsonahat,sipsacupofcoffee,then______38______thewaterfront,wherehe’llstayfortwohours.Hispresence,his______39______tolisten,andhiskindnesstoward______40______,haveledsometonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.21.A.sea B.wave C.sunrise D.passer-by22.A.description B.organization C.invitation D.addition23.A.posted B.ignored C.regretted D.changed24.A.routine B.appointment C.business D.movement25.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing26.A.rewards B.reports C.rebuilds D.recalls27.A.avoided B.deserved C.attempted D.paid28.A.direction B.information C.escape D.contact29.A.belonged B.separated C.mattered D.devoted30.A.staring B.glaring C.watching D.enjoying31.A.heart B.ear C.nose D.eye32.A.vacations B.conflicts C.arguments D.conversations33.A.worked B.left C.poured D.pointed34.A.listen B.leave C.stay D.sit35.A.friendly B.silly C.lonely D.likely36.A.regularly B.definitely C.secretly D.frequently37.A.rises B.sleeps C.works D.starts38.A.headsup B.headson C.headsfor D.headsback39.A.selfishness B.loneliness C.hardness D.openness40.A.colleagues B.strangers C.friends D.acquaintances【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.B26.D27.B28.D29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.A35.C36.B37.A38.C39.D40.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了尼克松在八年前决定用坐在长凳上欣赏海滩风光来开始自己的一天。但是一年后，他改变了自己的想法，不仅仅只是欣赏风光，他开始对人们微笑，展开对话，学会倾听过往的人们，从而被人们成为“阳光市长”的故事。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为看日出能让我在开始新的一天之前感觉自己很有自信。A.sea大海；B.wave波浪；C.sunrise日出；D.passer-by过路人。根据前文“Nixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabench,enjoyingaspectacularsunriseattheSt.Petersburg,Florida,waterfront.”可知，尼克松决定坐在长椅上开始每一天，在佛罗里达州圣彼得堡的海滨欣赏壮观的日出，故此处强调看日出能让他在开始新的一天之前感觉自己很有自信。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是尼克松自己对自己动机的描述。A.description描述；B.organization组织；C.invitation邀请；D.addition增加物。根据前文““Icallit‘liferising’becausewatchinga________makesmefeelcenteredbeforestartingmyday,””可知，这是尼克松自己对自己动机的描述。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，一年后，一个路过的女人改变了他对日常生活的看法。A.posted张贴；B.ignored忽视；C.regretted后悔；D.changed改变。根据后文““ItwasatthatmomentthatIsuddenlyrealized:Everypersonwhostoppedbythebench.”可知，一个路过的女人改变了他对日常生活的看法。故选D。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.routine常规，日常；B.appointment预约；C.business生意，事业；D.movement移动。根据前文“Almosteightyearsago,Nixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabench,enjoyingaspectacularsunriseattheSt.Petersburg,Florida,waterfront.”可知，该女士改变了尼克松每天看日出的日常。故选A。【25题详析】考查代词词义辨析。句意：每天早上看到你坐在这里，我就知道一切都会好起来的。A.anything任何事；B.everything一切事；C.something某些事；D.nothing没有什么事。根据前文“EverymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere”可知，该女士指出每天早上看到尼克松坐在这里，就知道一切都会好起来的。故选B。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松回忆说：“就在那一刻，我突然意识到：每一个站在长凳旁的人都值得我注意。A.rewards回报；B.reports报告；C.rebuilds重建；D.recalls回忆。根据后文“ItwasatthatmomentthatIsuddenlyrealized”可知，这是尼克松回忆起当时与那位女士的对话。故选D。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.avoided避免；B.deserved值得；C.attempted尝试；D.paid支付。根据后文“Ineededtomakeeye________andletpeopleknowwe________toeachother.”可知，尼克松认为每一个站在长凳旁的人都值得他注意，因为他要与每个站在长凳旁的人进行眼神交流。故选B。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我需要眼神交流，让人们知道我们对彼此很重要。A.direction方向；B.information信息；C.escape逃脱；D.contact联系，交流。根据后文“makeeye”可知，此处强调尼克松需要与他人进行眼神交流。故选D。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要眼神交流，让人们知道我们对彼此很重要。A.belonged属于；B.separated分离；C.mattered起作用、要紧；D.devoted致力于。根据前文“Ineededtomakeeye________”可知，此处强调尼克松需要与他人眼神交流，让人们知道他们对彼此很重要。故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼克松不再只是盯着日出，而是开始对人们微笑，并倾听他们的声音，而不要求任何回报。A.staring凝视；B.glaring怒视；C.watching观看；D.enjoying享受。根据段首的“enjoyingaspectacularsunrise”可知，尼克松不再只是盯着日出，此处强调目光集中。故选A。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.heart心；B.ear耳朵；C.nose鼻子；D.eye眼睛。根据后文“listentothemwithoutaskingforanyreturn”可知，尼克松用耳朵倾听他们的声音，而不要求任何回报。故选B。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，他开始和一些早起的人交谈，他们开始加入他的行列。A.vocations假期；B.conflicts冲突；C.arguments争论；D.conversations对话。根据后文“whobeganjoininghimonthebench”可知，他开始和一些早起的人交谈。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，一些陌生人甚至向尼克松寻求关于人际关系、事业和个人问题的建议。A.worked工作；B.left离开；C.poured倾吐，诉说；D.pointed指向。根据后文“foradviceaboutrelationships,careers,andpersonalproblems.”可知，一些陌生人甚至向尼克松倾诉并寻求关于人际关系、事业和个人问题的建议。故选C。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很开心地倾听。A.listen听；B.leave离开；C.stay待着；D.sit坐。根据前文“Later,somestrangerseven__________themselvesouttoturntoNixonforadviceaboutrelationships,careers,andpersonalproblems.”可知，一些陌生人甚至向尼克松倾诉并寻求关于人际关系、事业和个人问题的建议，故尼克松倾听他们的问题。故选A。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想让人们知道，当他们离开时，他们不必感到孤独或沮丧。A.friendly友好的；B.silly愚蠢的；C.lonely孤独的；D.likely有可能的。根据后文“upset”可知，此处表示尼克松让人们知道，当他们离开时，他们不必感到孤独或沮丧。故选C。【36题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在人生的这个阶段，这绝对是我的目标。A.regularly定期地；B.definitely肯定地，绝对地；C.secretly秘密地；D.frequently频繁地。根据前文“Iwantedpeopletoknowthattheyneedn’tfeel__________orupsetwhenwalkingaway.”可知，当他们离开时，他们不必感到孤独或沮丧，尼克松绝对以此为目标。故选B。【37题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，如果天气允许，尼克松每天早上4:30起床，戴上帽子，喝杯咖啡，然后前往海滨，在那里呆上两个小时。A.rises上升、起身；B.sleeps睡觉；C.works工作；D.starts开始。根据后文“at4:30a.m”可知，尼克松每天早上4:30起床。故选A。【38题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.headsup抬高；B.headson迎面；C.headsfor前往；D.headsback掉头。根据前文“So,everymorning”可知，尼克松每天都是如此，然后前往海滨，在那里呆上两个小时。故选C。【39题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的风度（每天清晨准时出现在海滩），他乐于倾听，他对陌生人的友善，让一些人给他起了个绰号“阳光市长”。A.selfishness自私；B.loneliness孤独；C.hardness艰难；D.openness率真、开放。根据前文“Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandlendinga(n)__________tolistentothemwithoutaskingforanyreturn.”可知，他乐于倾听即他对陌生人展现了率真。故选D。【40题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.colleagues同事；B.strangers陌生人；C.friends朋友；D.acquaintances熟人。根据前文“Later,somestrangerseven__________themselvesouttoturntoNixonforadviceaboutrelationships,careers,andpersonalproblems.”可知，他对陌生人的友善，让一些人给他起了个绰号“阳光市长