人教版高中英语必修五 Unit2 The United Kingdom-词汇篇

Unit2TheUnitedKingdom-词汇篇

1.掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。

2.掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作和翻译。

♦重点词组：

1.keepyoureyesopen睁大你的眼睛

2.consistof由…组成

3.leaveout省去不考虑遗漏

4.divideinto分成

5.prepareto准备

6.compareAwithB与…比

7.compareAtoB把A比作B

8.askedthebossonthephone通过电话

9.workout做出；解决；设计出；计算出；锻炼；发展，进行；

workon对..起作用；企图影响或说服，忙于

workin在...工作

workoff渐渐消除处理排除卖掉发泄

10.afurnishedhousewithallmodemconveniences一个带家具的房子有所有的现代方便的设施

11.familiarwith熟悉

12.worriedaboutthetimeavailable担心时间不够

13.makealistof列出关于…的清单

14.onspecialoccasions在特殊的场合

15.thefour-hundred-year-olduniform有四百年历史的制服

16.settheworldtime设置世界时间

17.oneithersideoftheline在线的两端

18.fellasleep入睡

19.withdelight十分喜悦的

♦词句精讲

1.consistvi.由…组成，在于，一致

★consistof=bemadeupof由…组成;由…构成

［典例］1)Substancesconsistofsmallparticlescalledmolecules.物质是由叫做分子的微粒组成的。

2)Truecharitydoesn'tconsistinalmsgiving.真正的慈善不在于施舍。

［练习］翻译：

1)这支球队由12人组成。

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2)这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴。

Keys:1)theteamconsistsof12players.

2)Thebeautyoftheartisfsstyleconsistsinitssimplicity.

2.区另Ll：0separate...from(把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来)

0o把…分开(把整体分为若干部分)

e.g.Theteacherdividedtheclassintotwogroups.

e.g.TheTaiwanStraitseparatesTaiwanfromFujian.

3.debateaboutsth.

e.g.Theydebateabouttheproposalforthreedays.

★debate/argue/discuss/quarrel辩论，争论

【解析】debate就已经确定或统一的问题，各述己见，公开，正式的争论.含交锋的意思；

argue指提出理由或事实，试图在争辩中说服对方，或促使他人拥护自己倡导的理由或观点;

discuss指一般讨论,谈论；

quarrel常指因琐事而感到气愤，进行争吵

【练习】

选择debate/argue/discuss/quarrel或puzzle并用其适当的形式填空

1)Thecouplearealwaysquarrelingaboutthepast.

2)Haveyoutheproblemwithanyone?

3)Iwithheralldayaboutthesituation.

Keys:1)quarreling2)discussed3)argued

4.clarify:vt./vi.(causesth.to)becomeclearoreasiertounderstand澄清；阐明;清楚；明T

e.g.IhopewhatIsaywillclarifythesituation.

e.g.Canyouclarifythequestion?

5.belinkedto=beconnectedto/bejoinedto连接

【习惯用语】★linkAtoB将A和B连接起来

6.referto

1)提及，指的是……

e.g.Whenhesaid“somestudents”,doyouthinkhewasreferringtous?

2)参考；查阅；询问

e.g.Ifyoudon*tunderstandawordyoumayrefertoyourdictionaries.

e.g.Pleaserefertothelastpageofthebookforanswers.

3)关系到；关乎

e.g.WhatIhavetosayreferstoallofyou.

e.g.Thisrulereferstoeveryone.

★reference:n.参考

e.g.referencebooks参考书

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7.toone*ssurprise(prep)

“toone's+名词”表“令某人...”，

常见的名词有"'delight,disappointment,enjoyment,astonishment等。

e.g.Idiscovered,tomyhorror,thatthegoodswereentirelyunfitfbrsale.

ToJohn'sgreatrelieftheyreachedthehouseatlast.

8....foundthemselvesunitedpeacefully

“find+宾语+宾补(adj;adv;v-ing;pp;介词短语；不定式)”

e.g.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfoundsmokinginthekitchen.

e.g.You'llfindhimeasytogetalongwith.

e.g.Theyfoundthemselvestrappedbythebushfire.

e.g.WhenIwokeup,Ifoundmyselfinhospital.

e.g.Icalledonhimyesterday,butIfoundhimout.

9.leaveout省去，遗漏

［典例］1)Youhaveleftoutthemostimportantwordinthissentence.

你在这一句中遗漏了最重要的一个单词。

2)Don'tleavemeoutwhenyouinvitepeopletoyourparty.

当你邀请人们去参加晚会时，别把我漏掉了。

［重点用法］leavefor动身到(某处)leavealone不管寸敝下…一个人

leaveaside搁置leavebehind遗忘;遗留

［练习］请填人适当的介词或副词：

1)Theywereleftinthewilderness.

2)Hewasaskedtomakeuptheinformationleftbytheleader.

Keys:1)alone2)out

10.breakdown损坏，跨,压倒,分解

［典例］

1)Thebridgebrokedown.桥塌了。

2)Theenginebrokedown.发动机坏了。

3)Hehasbrokendownfromoverwork.他因工作过度而累垮了。

4)Watercanbebrokendownintohydrogenandoxygen.水可以分解为氢和氧。

5)Theplantobuildanotherchemicalworkhasbrokendownbecauseitwillcauseseriouspollution.

再建一个化工厂的计划失败了，因为这将引起严重的污染。

［词汇激活］

breakawayfrom摆脱，脱离

breakin闯入；插话

breakinto闯入；破门而人；打断(谈话)

breakoff中止；折断；打折

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breakout爆发；突然发生

breakthrough突破；冲垮

breakup分解；(使)结束;分开，分离

［练习］请填人适当的介词或副词：

l)Tounderstandthegrammarofthesentence,youmustbreakitintopieces.

2)Theelevatorbroke.

3)Fightingbrokeintheprisoncells.

4)Firebrokeduringthenight.

5)Onthewaytotheprisonhouse,theprisonerssuddenlybrokefromthepoliceman.

Keys:1)down2)down3)out4)out5)away

11.taketheplaceof代替，取代

［典例］1)Inthefuture,naturalgaswilltaketheplaceofpetrolasthemajorfuel.

将来天然气会代替汽油成为主要的能源。

2)TiltaketheplaceofMr.Linnextweek.=F11takeMr.Lin'splacenextweek.

下周我将代替林老师。

［重点用法］

takeplace发生；举行

takeone*splace就位；代替某人

inplaceof(=insteadof)代替

inplace在适当的位置

outofplace不得其所，不适当地

inthefirstplace首先

fromplacetoplace到处；各处

［练习］选择以上短语填空

1)Asuddenaccidentinthestreetlastevening.

2)Shelikeseverythingbeforeshestartstowork.Shehatesamess.

Keys:l)tookplace2)inplace

12.influence

l)v.对…产生影响

e.g.Whatinfluenceyoutochooseacareerinteaching?

2)可数n.产生影响的人或事

e.g.Heisoneofthegoodinfluencesintheschool.

3)(不可数n.)影响

e.g.Ateacherhasgreatinfluenceoverhispupils.

13.Thereisnoneedtodebateanymoreaboutwhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethefourcountries.

没有必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。

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［解释］Thereisnoneedtodo没有必要做某事

Thereisnodoubtthat是毫无疑问的

［练习］翻译

1)我们有必要再去那一趟吗？

2)没必要给他写封信告知这个消息.

Keys:1)Isthereanyneedforustogothereagain?

2)Thereisnoneedtowritetohimandinformhimthenews.

14.ItseemedstrangethatthemanwhohaddevelopedcommunismshouldhavelivedanddiedinLondon.

这似乎是一件怪事:这位发展了共产主义的人竟然在伦敦生活过，而且在伦敦去世.

［解释］Itis/seems/...that…从句用虚拟语气，由“should+v.原形”构成

［典例］1)Itisstrangethatmymothershouldagreewithme.真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。

2)Itwasstrangethatmymothershouldhaveagreedwithme.真奇怪我妈妈竟然答应了我。

［练习］翻译

1)真奇怪，他竟然考试不及格.

2)似乎很奇怪，他能够通过触摸判断花的种类。

Key:1)Ifsstrangethatheshouldfailtheexam.

2)Itseemedstrangethathecouldtellthedifferentkindsofflowerbytouching.

1.Thelecturegivenbytheprofessorthestudents9attention.

A.paidB.attractedC.pushedD.used

解析：attractone'sattention”吸引某人的注意力”。

答案：B

2.It'ssaidthattheteamtwelvetopEuropeanplayers.

A.consistsofB.isconsistedofC.madeupofD.makeupof

角牟析：consistof=bemadeupof"，由...组成

答案：A

3.Theteacherstressedagainthatthestudentsshouldnotanyimportantdetailswhileretellinga

story.

A.bringoutB.letoutC.leaveoutD.makeout

解析：句意为：老师再一次强调学生们在复述故事时不要漏掉任何重要的细节。leaveout遗漏，符

合题意。bringout拿出，取出；letout发出(叫喊声等)；makeout看清楚，辨认出。

答案：C

4.Thepresidentspokeatthebusinessmeetingfornearlyanhourwithouthisnotes.

A.bringingupB.referringtoC.lookingforD.tryingon

解析：句意为：总裁在商业会议上演讲了将近一个小时没有看他的演讲稿。refert。有“参考，查阅”

的意思。

答案：B

5.Hehasn'tsleptatallforthreedays.heistiredout.

A.ThereisnopointB.ThereisnoneedC.ItisnowonderD.Itisnoway

解析：句意为：他已经三天没睡觉了。难怪他非常疲劳。Thereisnopoint表“没有意义"；Thereisno

need表“没有必要”；(Itis)nowonder(that)表“难怪”。

答案：C

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基础演练

一、用适当的介、副词填空。

1.HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsist?

2.Waleswaslinkeditinthethirteenthcentury.

3.NextEnglandandWaleswerejoinedScotlandtheseventeenthcenturyandthe

namewaschanged"GreatBritain^^.

4.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdom

gettingIrelandconnectedthesamepeacefulway.

5.theircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogethersomeareas,buttheystillhavevery

differentinstitutions.

6.example,NorthernIreland,EnglandandScotlandhavedifferenteducationalandlegalsystems

aswellasdifferentfootballteamscompetitionstheWorldCup!

7.Englandisthelargestthefourcountries,andconvenienceitisdividedroughly

threezones.

8.historicalarchitectureyouhavetogotoolderbutsmallertownsbuilttheRomans.

9.ThegreatesthistoricaltreasureallisLondonitsmuseums,artcollections,theatres,

parksandbuildings.

10.IfyoulooktheBritishcountrysideyouwillfindevidencealltheseinvaders.

答案：l.of2.to3.to;in;to4.by;in5.To;in6.For;for;like7.of;for;into8.For;by9.of;with

10.around;of

巩固提高

II.佳句翻译与仿写

1.NowwhenpeoplerefertoEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.

翻译：

仿写：他发现这个地方发生了巨变。

2.Totheircreditthefourcountriesdoworktogetherinsomeareas(eg,thecurrencyandinternational

relations),buttheystillhaveverydifferentinstitutions.

翻译：

仿写：他觉得她救他是应该的她也确实救了他。

3.Although,nationwide,thesecitiesarenotaslargeasthoseinChina,theyhaveworld-famousfootball

teamsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!

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翻译:

仿写：我虽然有车，但因为交通堵塞很少使用。

4.Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydonotattractvisitors.

翻译：

仿写：你不能再多停留些时间，真是遗憾。

5.YoumustkeepyoureyesopenifyouaregoingtomakeyourtriptotheUnitedKingdomenjoyableand

worthwhile.

翻译：

仿写：

(1)请保持地面干净。

(2)他所说的让我很生气。

答案：

1.如今只要人们提起英格兰，你就会发现威尔士总是包括在内的。

Hefoundtheplacemuchchanged.

2.值得称赞的是，这四个国家的确在一些方面共同合作(例如在货币和国际关系方面)，但是有些制

度仍然区别很大。

Hefounditquitenaturalthatsheshouldsavehim-shedidsavehim.

3.尽管英国任何一个城市都不像中国的城市那样大，但是它们都有着自己享有威名的足球队，有的

城市甚至还有两个队！

AlthoughIhaveacar,Iseldomuseitbecauseofthetrafficjams.

4.很遗憾，这些建于19世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。

It,sapitythatyoucan'tstaylonger.

5.如果你想要使你的英国之旅不虚此行，你就必须把眼睛睁得大大的。

(l)Pleasekeepthefloorclean.

(2)Whathesaidmademeveryangry.

一、单项填空

1.Peoplemaywonderwhydifferentwordsareusedthesefourcountries：England,Wales,

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Scotland,andNorthernIreland.

A.todescribeB.todescribingC.describeD.fordescribe

2.NowwhenpeopleEnglandyoufindWalesincludedaswell.

A.sticktoB.keeptoC.refertoD.pointto

3.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcenturytoformtheUnitedKingdomby

gettingIrelandinthesamepeacefulway.

A.toconnectB.connectedC.connectD.connecting

4.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwillingandtoformitsowngovernment.

A.brokedownB.brokeawayC.brokeupD.brokeout

5.（2019.桐乡模拟）Anyhelpfromyouwillbegreatlyappreciated.Pleasegivemeareplyatyour

earliest.

A.convenienceB.consideration

C.interruptionD.imagination

6.Although,nationwide,thesecitiesarenotaslargeasinChina,theyhaveworld-famous

footballteamsandsomeofthemevenhavetwo!

A.itB.oneC.thatD.those

7.Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesinthenineteenthcenturydonotvisitors.

A.building;attackB.built;attack

C.tobuild;attractD.built;attract

8.（2019,陕西榆林六校第四次质量训练）moretourists,travelagenciesfrombothChinaandthe

DPRKhavedevelopedapackageofnewproducts.

A.AttractingB.Attracted

C.ToattractD.Havingattracted

答案：l.A2.C3.B4.B5.A6.D7.D8.C

二、选词填空

beknownas,makeup,aswell,link...to...,breakawayfrom,lookaround,toone'scredit,under

construction

1.HewillcometoCanadanextmonthandofcourse,hiswifewillcome.

2.Generallyspeaking,lungdiseasesmoking.

3.Oxfordoneofthebestuniversitiesintheworld.

4.Itisgreatlythatyouhavepassedsuchadifficultexam.

5.Theboyastory.Itwasnottrue.

6.Someroadsareblockedbecausetheyare.

7.Whatcanwedotohelpthemtothedifficultposition?

8.Wouldyoupleaseleadmetoyourfactory?

答案：1.aswell2.islinkedto3.isknownas4.toyourcredit5.madeup6.underconstruction

7.breakawayfrom8.lookaround

一、单词拼写

1.Wemustutofightagainstracism.

2.Thedramacourseshouldgivemeenoughctofinishmydegree.

3.ThisisacofTang-Songpoems,whichIlikeverymuch.

4.Thefilmaagreatnumberofyoungpeopletogotothecinema.

5.Thoughthetaskwasdifficult,theymanagedtoaitintime.

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6.Livinginthecityismuchmoreexpensivethaninthec.

7.1hopethis（阐明）myposition.

8.Wehaveprovidedseatsforthe（方便）ofourcustomers.

9.Weofferyouoursincerestwishesforavery（令人愉快的）Mother'sDay.

10.Yourhandwas（粗糙的）butstrongandwarm.

答案：1.unite2.credits3.collection4.attracted5.accomplish6.countryside7.clarifies

8.convenience9.enjoyablelO.rough

二、单项填空

1.Thereareplentyofjobsinthewesternpartofthecountry.

A.presentB.availableC.possibleD.convenient

2.She'sarrangedswimminglessonsnextmonth.

A.hersontohaveB.forhersontohaveC.forhersonhavingD.hersonhaving

3.ThebuildingwasnamedFordHallamannamedJamesFord.

A.inneedofB.inmemoryofC.inchargeofD.insearchof

4.一HowaboutyourjourneytoMountEmei?

一Everythingwaswonderfulexceptthatourcartwiceontheway.

A.sloweddownB.brokedownC.gotdownD.putdown

5.,manycountrieshavepromisedtodowhattheycantoslowtheclimatechange.

A.WithourgreatdelightB.Greatlytoourdelight

C.GreattoourdelightD.Toourdelighted

6.（2019•厦门质量检测）Ifyousitinanofficealldaylongandrarely,you'relikelytosufferfrom

neckandbackpains.

A.cutinB.workout

C.breakdownD.stayup

7.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremainswhethertheywill

enjoyit.

A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen

8.一Mycafsreallyfat.

一Youhavegivenhersomuchfood.

A.wouldn'tB.couldn'tC.shouldn'tD.mustn't

9.makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.

A.WhatB.WhichC.WhyD.While

10.（2019•石家庄质量检测二）Tomymind,thesecrettohappinessyoursuccessfulworkand

yourcontributiontowardsothers9happiness.

A.resultsinB.consistsinC.bringsinD.takesin

答案：l.B2.B3.B4.B5.B6.B7.B8.C9.A10.B

三、完形填空

OneafternoonItouredanartmuseumandIwaslookingforwardtoaquietviewofthemasterpieces.

AyoungcoupleviewingthepaintingsaheadofmetalkedJLbetweenthemselves.Iwatchedthema

momentandQshewasdoingallthetalking.

I3hispatienceforputtingupwithhertalkativeness.4bytheirnoise,Imovedon.I£

withthemseveraltimesasImovedthroughthevariousroomsofart.EachtimeIheardher6floodof

words,Imovedawayquickly.Iwas工apurchaseatthecounterofthegiftshopwhenI&the

coupleapproachingtheexit.Beforetheyleft,themantookoutawalkingstickandthen2hiswayinto

thecoatroomtogethiswife'sjacket.

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“He'saJQman,“theclerkatthecountersaid."MostofuswouldgiveinifwewereJLat

suchayoungage.Duringhisrecovery,hemadeavow（发誓）hewouldn't•So,asbeforeheandhis

wifecomeinwheneverthere9sanewshow.^^

“Butwhatdoeshegetoutoftheart?”Iasked.4tHecan'tsee.”

“Can'tsee!You9re14.Heseesalot.MorethanyouorIdo."Theclerksaid."Hiswife15

eachpaintingsohecanseeitinhis16

I17somethingaboutpatience,courageandlovethatday.Isawtheofayoungwife

describingpaintingstoapersonwithout19andthecourageofahusbandwhowouldnotallow

blindnesstochangehislife.AndIsawthelove2QbytwopeopleasIwatchedthiscouplewalkaway

handinhand.

1.A.continuouslyB.secretlyC.silentlyD.carefully

2.A.saidB.warnedC.decidedD.appreciated

3.A.hatedB.admiredC.ignoredD.expected

4.A.DelightedB.SatisfiedC.MovedD.Annoyed

5.A.metB.quarreledC.observedD.compared

6.A.softB.constantC.brokenD.weak

7.A.takingB.bringingC.producingD.making

8.A.glaredB.staredC.noticedD.glanced

9.A.tappedB.feltC.forcedD.kept

10.A.patientB.unluckyC.braveD.clever

11.A.dyingB.blindedC.deafD.wordless

12.A.improveB.endC.completeD.change

13.A.playB.artC.architectureD.car

14.A.wiseB.foolishC.intelligentD.wrong

15.A.paintsB.buysC.admiresD.describes

16.A.spiritsB.earsC.headD.soul

17.A.learnedB.toldC.judgedD.considered

18.A.braveryB.patienceC.politenessD.coldness

19.A.hearingB.sightC.complaintD.delay

20.A.shownB.valuedC.sharedD.received

答案：LA2.C3.B4.D5.A6.B7.D8.C9.A10.C11.B12.D13.B14.D

15.D16.C17.A18.B19.B20.C

四、阅读理解

TothewestandofftheEuropeanContinent,thereareseveralthousandsofislandsontheContinental

shelR大陆架）.TheyaregenerallycalledtheBritishIsles.Ofalltheseisles,thelargestoneiscalledGreat

Britain.Forconvenience,itisoftenshortenedtoBritain.StilltothewestofGreatBritainisthesecond

largestislandknownasIreland.TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland（UK）ismade

upofGreatBritain,NorthernIreland,andanumberofsmallerislandsaroundthem.Thetotalareaofthe

countryissome240,000squarekilometerswithapopulationofabout57million.

GreatBritainrunsnearly1,000kilometersfromsouthtonorthandextends,atthewidestpart,about

500kilometersfromwesttoeast.Itsareaissome230,000squarekilometers.GreatBritainistraditionally

dividedintothreeparts,orcountries:Englandinthesouth,Scotlandinthenorth,andWalesinthe

southwest.Therearediscernible（可辨另！J的）differencesbetweenthemevennow.

Englandisthelargestandmostdevelopedofallthethree.Itsarea,about130,000squarekilometers,

takesupnearly60%ofthewholeisland.Itspopulationismorethan46millionwhichmakesup85%ofthe

country'swholepopulation.TheimportanceofEnglandissogreatinBritainthatsomeforeignersjustsay

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“England“whentheymeanBritain.ThesameistrueofthecustomofspeakingoftheBritishpeopleasthe

EnglishwhoarethemajorityintheUnitedKingdom.

Scotlandisthesecondlargestbothinareaandpopulation.Ithasanareaofabout78,760square

kilometers,lessthan30%ofthewholeisland,withapopulationof5million,lessthanone-tenthofthe

wholepopulation.

Walesisthesmallestofthethreebothinareaandpopulation.Inarea,20,700squarekilometers,

makesuplessthan9%whileitspopulation,2.7million,doesnotexceed（超过）5%ofthewhole.

1.TheBritishIslesismadeupof.

A.theEuropeanContinentandGreatBritain

B.theU.K.andtheRepublicofIreland

C.England,ScotlandandWales

D.severalthousandsofislandstothewestandofftheEuropeanContinent

2.WhichofthefollowingfiguresshowsthecorrectpositionofGreatBritain?

3.FromthethirdparagraphwecaninferthatGreatBritainhasapopulationofaboutmillion.

A.54B.46C.60D.57

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.EnglandissixtimeslargerthanWalesinarea.

B.EnglandissixtimeslargerthanScotlandinarea.

C.ScotlandissixtimeslargerthanWalesinarea.

D.GreatBritainissixtimeslargerthanWalesinarea.

答案：l.D2.B3.A4.A

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