外研版初二（下）英语：Module3 语法篇（学生版）

Module3语法篇

1.熟练掌握现在完成时的标志词的用法

2.掌握have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto与have/hasbeenin的区别

3.掌握yet与already的区别

现在完成时（2）

1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。它是从时间上或后果上和现在联

系起来，而不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生

关系，可以和表示过去的时间状语连用。

2.have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto与have/hasbeenin

1）have/hasbeento意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在那里了，后可接次数，如once,twice,three

times等，表示“去过某地几次"，也可和just,never,ever等连用。如：

MyfatherhasbeentoBeijingtwice.我父亲去过北京两次。

IhaveneverbeentotheGreatWall.我从未去过长城。

2）have/hasgoneto表示“到某地去了"，说话时该人不在现场。一般只用第三人称作主语。

一WhereisJim?―吉姆在哪里？

一HehasgonetoEngland.一他去英国了。（尚未回来）

Mr.Wangisn*there.HehasgonetoQingdao.王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。

3）have/hasbeenin表示“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用。如：

IhavebeeninShanghaiforthreeyears.我至U上海已有三年了。

HehasbeeninLondonforhalfamonth.他来伦敦已有半个月了。

注意:

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4）havebeento,havegoneto和havebeenin后接表示地点的副词there,here等时，介词to和in

常省略。

Youhaveneverbeentherebefore,haveyou?你以前从没有去过那儿，是吗？

Theyhavegonethere.他们已去那儿了。

5）havebeenin后面还可接表示组织、团体的名词，表示“某人加入某组织”。

HehasbeeninthePartyfortwoyears.他入党已经两年了。

3.yet与already

□already通常用于肯定句中，意为“已经”。有时already用于疑问句中表示惊讶、怀疑等语气。

Ihavefinishedreadingthebookalready.我已经读完这本书了。

Haveyoufinishedreadingthebookalready?你真的已经读完这本书了？（表示惊讶）

2）yet一般用在疑问句或否定句中：在疑问句中意为“已经”，在否定句中意为“还”，通常放在句末。

一Haveyoufoundthebookyet?你已经找到那本书了吗？一Notyet.还没找到。

Shehasrftfinishedherhomeworkyet.她还没有做完作业。

单项选择

1.（2019江苏连云港中考）Inthepastfewyears,greatchangesinLianyungang.

A.takeplaceB.tookplaceC.havetakenplaceD.havebeentakenplace

2.（2019江西中考）一BenandSuearen'thome,arethey?

---No.TheytoLondononbusiness.

A.havegoneB.goC.havebeenD.willgo

3.（2019福建福州中考）---LiuMing,isthatourheadteacherMissChenoverthere?

---Itcan'tbeher.SheXiamenforameeting.

A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeenaway

4.（2019南京中考）---Lily,whyareyoustillhere?Schoolisoverforhalfanhour.

--BecauseImytaskyet.Istillneedonemorehour.

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A.won*tfinishB.didn'tfinishC.haven*tfinishedD.hadn'tfinished

5.（2019天津蓟县期中）However,wehavenotfoundlifeonanyotherplanets.

A.alreadyB.yetC.eitherD.ever

6.Itissaidthattherelotsofstarsintheskyformillionsofyears.Doyouthinkso?

A.areB.wereC.willbeD.havebeen

基础演练

一、按要求转换句型

1.1havealreadyreadthisbook.（改为一般疑问句）

youthisbook?

2.Theyhaverftseeneachotherfortwoyears.（对划线部分提问）

theyseeneachother?

3.Theboyhasriddenahorseseveraltimes.（对划线部分提问）

hastheboyriddenahorse?

4.HisfatherhasbeentoAustralia.（改为一般疑问句）

hisfathertoAustralia?

5.Thebridgewasbuilt500yearsago.（对划线部分提问）

thebridge?

6.1havealreadywateredtheplants.（改为否定句）

Iwateredtheplants.

7.DidyourunclevisitEnglandlastyear?（改为现在完成时）

youruncleEngland?

8.Wehavedonesomethingveryspecial.（改为一般疑问句）

doneveryspecial?

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9.MyparentshavebeentoLondon.（对划线部分提问）

yourparents?

10.1haveevervisitedtheGreatWallwithmyson.（改为否定句）

IvisitedtheGreatWallwithmyson.

巩固提高

二、翻译（根据中文提示完成句子）

1.我刚刚给他写了一封信。

Ijusttohim.

2.你决定什么时候动身去上海了吗？

youwhentoleaveforShanghai?

3.父母已经同意让我去承德旅游了。

Myparents____________________________________________________________________metravelto

Chengdealready.

4.你去过北京香山吗？

youtoMountXianginBeijing?

5.我妈妈去青岛了。

MymotherQingdao.

6.-孩子们已经回家了吗？

-还没有。

--thechildrenhome?

-Not.

7.…你已经读过《小妇人》了吗？

-不，我没读过。

一youreadLittleWomen?

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---No,I.

8.他们刚刚在火星着陆了。

TheyonMars.

9.他已经读完了这本小说。

Hehasalreadythenovel.

10.他们在一艘宇宙飞船上飞了好几天。

Theyinaspaceshipforseveraldays.

11.她以前从来没有考虑过这件事。

She____________________________________________________________________thethingbefore.

一、单项选择

1.一youChinaforalongtime?

-Yes,Icameherethreeyearsago.

A.Have;cometoB.Did;cometoC.Have;beeninD.Have;goneto

2.He_______________Tokyoforlong.

A.hasleftB.hasbeenawayfrom

C.hasbeenawayD.hasgoneaway

3.TheyleftforBeijinglastweekandwe_________themsofar.

A.don*thearfromB.didn'thearfrom

C.haven*theardfromD.won'thearfrom

4.Tom'smothermustbeathomenow.

A.stillB.yetC.everD.already

5.---Where*syourfather?

-HetoSingaporeforameeting.Hetheretwice.

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A.hasgone;hasbeenB.hasbeen;hasgone

C.hasgone;hasgoneD.hasbeen;hasbeen

6.---Haveyoucookedsupper?

---Yes,Ihavefinishedit.

A.yet;justB.yet;everC.already;yetD.already;just

7.Tomhasn'tbeentoItaly,buthehasbeentoAmerica.

HereturnedfromNewYorkCity.

A.already;yet;justB.yet;already;just

C.already;never;justD.yet;already;never

8.1have—writtenalettertomyparents,butIhaven*tpostedit________________.

A.yet;alreadyB.already;already

C.already;yetD.yet;yet

9.---MayIspeaktoJohn?

-Sorry,heJapan,andheintwodays.

A.hasgoneto;won'tcomebackB.hasgoneto;willbeback

C.hasbeenin;wouldcomebackD.hasbeenin;won*tcomeback

10.---Haveyoutakenawaythepaper?Butwewilluseitlater.

—Sorry.Pll.

A.bringbackitB.bringbackthem

C.bringitbackD.bringthemback

二、完形填空

Scientiststhinkthattherehasbeenlifefor1ofyears.Howeverwehaven'tfoundlife

onotherplanets2.Theearthisaplanetandit3aroundthesun.Sevenother

planetsalsogo4thesun.Thesunanditsplanetsare5thesolarsystem.The

solarsystemisasmallpartofourgalaxy.

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Scientists6lotsofspacecrafttolookatotherplanetsinthesolarsystem,andsome

spacecrafthavegone7thesolarsystem.However,noone8anylifein

spaceyet.

Butwhyhasnoonefromotherplanetssentusamessage?Havetheytriedtosend9to

us?10somanystarsintheuniverse,arewealone,oristherelifeoutthereinspace?We

don'tknow.

1.A.thousandsB.millionsC.hundredsD.billion

2.A.alreadyB.neverC.yetD.just

3.A.goB.turnC.travelD.goes

4.A.toB.backC.aroundD.into

5.A.calledB.callC.callingD.calls

6.A.sendB.sentC.havesentD.willsend

7.A.outB.beyondC.intoD.up

8.A.discoveredB.discoversC.hasdiscoveredD.havediscovered

9.A.messageB.informationsC.informationD.news

10.A.WithB.HaveC.UseD.Because

阅读理解

A

Intheuniverse,asweallknow,thereisthesun,themoon,theearthandagoodmanystars.Through

ourgeographylessons,weknowtheearthgoesaroundthesun,andthemoongoesaroundtheearth.We

havedayandnightbecausetheearthkeepsturningallthetime.Whenourpartoftheearthturnstothesun,

itisday.Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,itisnight.

Justbecausethemoonisclosertotheearththanthesun,itlooksmuchbiggerthanthesun.Bigthings

willlooksmallerwhentheyarefurther,andsmallthingsalsolookbiggerwhentheyarenearer.

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Thesunisbigenoughtogiveoutverystronglight.Themooncan'tgiveanylightatall,butitlooks

quitebright,too.Why?Infact,thelightfromthemooncomesfromthesun.Themoonlooksmuchbigger

andbrighterthanthestars.Butactually（事实上）thestarsaremuchbiggerandbrighterthanthemoon.

Theylooksmallerthanthemoonalsobecausetheyarefurtherawayfromtheearth.

Therearemanyotherplanetsintheuniverse.Butofalltheplanets,onlyontheearththereareliving

thingsandpeoplecanonlyliveontheearth,too.Butat9:00a.m.onOctober15th,2019,Chinesepilot

YangLiweiwassentuptospace.Hestayedtherefor21hours.ItwasthefirsttimeforChinesetogetinto

space.

1.Wefindthesunisthanthemoonbecauseitistous.

A.bigger;fartherB.smaller;closer

C.bigger;closerD.smaller;farther

2.Whenourpartoftheearthturnsawayfromthesun,theotherpartoftheearthis.

A.nightB.dayC.eveningD.Sunday

3.Peopleandlivingthingscanliveonthe.

A.earthB.MarsC.moonD.sun

4.Whendidthepilotfromourcountryreturntotheearth?

A.OnNovember15th,2019.B.OnOctober16th,2019.

C.OnMay15th,2019.D.OnOctober15th,2019.

5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Themoongoesaroundtheearth,anditcan*tgiveoutanylightatall.

B.Themoongoesaroundthesun,anditslightisfromthesun.

C.Theearthmovesaroundthemoon,andpeoplecanliveonlyontheearth.

D.Ofalltheplanets,onlytheearthmovesaroundthesun.

B（浙江杭州萧山区靖江初中2019期中）

Oneday,IwascookingwithmyfriendSandyinthekitchen.Suddenly,Sandycutherfinger.Iwentto

herquickly.Buttomysurprise,Isawcomputerchipsinherfinger.

“Nowyouknowmysecret,youhavetodie!”Sandysaidandpickeduptheknife.4tNo,please,Sandy.

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Aren'twegoodfriends?,,Ishouted.ButbeforeSandycouldsayanything,shefainted（昏厥）.

"Oh,Sandy,“Itookhertohospitalinahurry.Afteradoctorcheckedher,hesaid,"I'mafraidwecan't

helpher.Maybeyoushouldtakehertoarobotcenter.9,

Ihurriedtoarobotcenter.Afewdayslater,Sandywaswell.Sheasked,"Mary,whydidyousaveme

evenafterItriedtokillyou?^^

“BecauseI'msureyouaremyfriend.Canyoutellmewhereyouarefrom?^^

"I'mfromanotherplanet.Ifsfarfromhere.Thankyou,myfriend.NowIseehowfriendlypeopleare

ontheEarth.^^

Twodayslater,aUFOcameandpickedherup.Sincethen,Fveneverseenher.

6.WhatwasSandydoingwhenshecutherfinger?

A.ShewaswatchingafilmnamedUFO.B.Shewascookinginthekitchen.

C.Shewasdoingdishes.D.Shewasdoingsomeshoppingwithherfriends.

7.WhatdidSandywanttodowhenherfriendknewhersecret?

A.Tokillherfriend.B.Torunafterherfriend.

C.Togotothehospital.D.Toplaywiththeknife.

8.WhosavedSandy'slifeintheend?

A.Thewriterandthepolice.

B.Thedoctorinthehospital.

C.Thedoctorsandtherobots.

D.Thewriterandexpertsintherobotcenter.

9.WherewasSandyfrom?

A.Anothercountry.B.Arobotcenter.

C.Anotherplanet.D.Ahospital.

10.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Finally,Sandytoldthewriterhersecret.

B.Atlast,Sandythoughtthepeopleontheearthwerefriendly.

C.SandywastakenawaybyaUFO.

D.Sandyhasreturnedtotheearthseveraltimes.

C

Whafstheredstarintheskythroughatelescope（望远镜）？ItisMars.Doyouwanttoknowmore

aboutit?Takethe"MarsOrbitExpress”!

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“MarsOrbitExpress99isaspaceprobe（探测器）.ItwassenttowardsMarsbyAmericanscientistson

August12th,2019.ItstasksaretostudyMars*atmosphereandreturnphotostoEarth.Butbeforethat

“MarsOrbitExpress“musttravelabout100hundredmillionkilometersandsevenmonths.ItreachedMars*

orbit（轨道）inMarch,2019.

MarsandEarthhavesimilarweightandsize.However,MarsisclosertothesunthanEarth.Marsis

verycold.Theaveragetemperatureisbelow50℃.Thetemperatureatnoononlyreaches20℃duringa

Marsday.ItsatmosphereismostlyCO2.Ithasmuchsandandtwomoons-PhobosandDeimos.

ScientiststhinkEarthandMarshadsimilarbeginnings4.6billionyearsago.ButwhileEarthsupports

millionsoflives,Marsbecomesbad."Eartheasilycouldhaveturnedoutlikethat."saidanscientist,4tItis

importantforustofindoutwhyandMarsOrbitExpressshoulddothat.”"MarsOrbitExpress“alsowould

helpscientiststolearnwhatmighthappentoEarthinthefuture.a'MarsOrbitExpress“wouldworkfor

aboutfouryears.

11.WhatcanyouseethroughatelescopewhenwatchingMars?

A.Muchsand.B.Aredstar.

C.Itsatmosphere.D.Itssize.

12.OneofthetasksofMarsOrbitExpressis.

A.takingpicturesofMars

B.studyingtheweightofMars

C.findingoutdistancebetweenEarthandMars

D.tellingthetimeittakestogofromEarthtoMars

13.ComparedwithEarth,.

A.Marshasalonghistory

B.Marsisbigandheavy

C.Marsisclosetothesun

D.Mars*atmosphereismainlyCO[[sub]]2[[/sub]]

14.Whichmightbethepropertitleforthepassage?

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A.Mars:DifferencesfromEarth

B.Aprobe:toLearnMoreAboutMars

C.Mars:ChangeofTemperature

D.Aprobe:toTelltheFutureofEarth

D

Wehavealwaysbeeninterestedinthemoon.2019yearsagopeoplealreadyknewitmovedaround

theearthandwhereitwouldbeintheskyatdifferenttimesoftheyear.Atthattime,everythingaboutthe

moonwaslearnedbywatchingitcarefullyinthesky.

Whenscientistscouldusetelescopestostudythemoonmoreclosely,theirideasbegantochange.

Theycouldseethemoonwasmadeofrocks.Mostscientiststhoughtmoonrockswouldbedifferentfrom

thoseonEarth.Thiswasbecausetheybelievedthemoonhadoncebeenaplanetthathadbeencaughtin

theearth'sgravity（弓|力）millionsofyearsearlier.

In1969moonrockswerefinallybroughttotheearthandstudied.Muchtotheirsurprise,scientists

foundthat,exceptforwater,themoon