2021研究数据框架 RDaF 动机、发展与框架核心

ResearchDataFramework(RDaF):Motivation,Development,andAPreliminaryFrameworkFebruary

研究数据框架（RDaF）：动机、20212Thispublicationistheresultofanongoingcollaborativeeffortinvolvingindustry,governmentagencies,universities,non-profits,publishers,andotherorganizationsandinstitutions.TheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)launchedtheResearchDataFramework(RDaF)projectbyconveningnationalandinternationalprivate-andpublic-sectororganizationsandindividualsataworkshopinDecember2019.AttendeesatthisworkshopunanimouslyagreedthattheRDaFshouldmoveforwardandthatNISTwasthebestinstitutiontotaketheleadinitsdevelopment.Further,itwasrecommendedthatNISTmoveasrapidlyaspossibletosolidifytheplanandseekcollaborativefundingwithothergovernmentagencies.NISTisleadingthedevelopmentoftheResearchDataFramework(RDaF)withinvolvementandinputfromnationalandinternationalleadersinthebroadresearchdatastakeholdercommunity.Researchdataisdefinedhereas“therecordedfactualmaterialcommonlyacceptedinthescientificcommunityasnecessarytovalidateresearchfindings.”TheoverarchinggoaloftheRDaFistoprovidethestakeholdercommunitywithastructuredapproachtodevelopacustomizablestrategyforthemanagementofresearchdata.TheaudiencefortheRDaFistheentireresearchdatacommunity,includingallorganizationsandindividualsengagedinanyactivitiesconcernedwithresearchdatamanagement,fromChiefExecutiveOfficersandChiefDataOfficerstolibrariansandresearchers.Thisdocumentdescribesthemotivationfor,andthedevelopmentof,aPreliminaryFrameworkCore,andidentifiesthenextstepsinfurtherdevelopmentoftheRDaF.Theresearchdataenvironmentisrapidlychanging,andthisFrameworkshallremainalivingdocument.Revisionswillbemadeaswe,thestakeholdersoftheRDaF,gainexperiencewithitsapplicationanduse.KeyResearchdata;researchdataecosystem;researchdataframework;researchdatalifecycle;researchdatamanagement;stakeholdercommunity.

果。美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）通过召集私营和公共部门的国家和国际组织201912（RDaF）项目。此次研讨RDaFNISTNIST美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）正领导研究数据框架（RDaF）RDaF的总体目标是向利益相关者社区提供一种结构化方法，以开发可定制的策略来管理研究数据。RDaF的目标受众是整个研究数据社区，包括所有参与任何与研究数RDaF进一步开发中的下一步。RDaF利益Tableof Originofthe Whatisthe LegalandInstitutional Value Risk DevelopmentofthePreliminary InitialScoping StakeholderScoping InterimStudiesand DraftingthePreliminary DescriptionofthePreliminary RelationshiptoOtherNIST Framework Informative Framework FrameworkImplementation Next AppendixA:Acronymsand AppendixB:InitialListofStakeholdersand AppendixC:RDaFStakeholderScopingWorkshop AppendixD:RDaFStakeholderScopingWorkshop AppendixE:PreliminaryRDaFFramework AppendixF:InitialListofInformative AppendixG:GlossaryofTermsusedinAppendix

DevelopmentofthePreliminary RDaFNIST AB附录C：RDaFAppendixD:RDaFStakeholderScopingWorkshop ERDaF27F32GEListofTable1.RDaFSteeringCommittee Table2.CoreFunctionsoftheNIST Table3.ExampleofFrameworkProfile ListofFig.1.TimelinefordevelopmentofthePreliminary Fig.2.FourelementsofaFramework Fig.3.ThesixFunctions(researchdatalifecyclestages)ofthePreliminary Fig.4.Timelineforthetwopilot

表1。RDaF表2。NIST31RDaF2图3。初步RDaF的六个功能（研究数据生命周期阶段 4IntroductionNISTisleadingthedevelopmentoftheResearchDataFramework(RDaF)withinvolvementandinputfromnationalandinternationalleadersinthebroadresearchdatastakeholdercommunity.Researchdataisdefinedhereas“therecordedfactualmaterialcommonlyacceptedinthescientificcommunityasnecessarytovalidateresearchfindings[1].”TheoverarchinggoaloftheRDaFistoprovidethestakeholdercommunitywithastructuredapproachtodevelopacustomizablestrategyforthemanagementofresearchdata.TheaudiencefortheRDaFistheentireresearchdatacommunity,includingallorganizationsandindividualsengagedinanyactivitiesconcerningresearchdatamanagement,fromChiefExecutiveOfficers(CEOs)andChiefDataOfficers(CDOs)tolibrariansandresearchers.Thisdocumentisorganizedintofourhigh-levelSections:(1)Introductorymaterial;(2)DevelopmentofaninitialversionoftheRDaF,hereafterreferredtoasthePreliminaryRDaF,(3)AdescriptionofthePreliminaryRDaF;and(4)Nextsteps.Itiswidelyrecognizedthatdata,specificallyresearchdata,areofgrowingimportanceandimpacttotheeconomyandsociety.“Dataandinformationhavebecomethemostimportantassetsofthe21stcentury[2].”“Data-driveninnovationformsakeypillarin21stcenturysourcesofgrowth…[research]datasetsarebecomingacoreassetintheeconomy,fosteringnewindustries,processesandproducts…[suchdatasets]significantlyenhanceproductivity,resourceefficiency,economiccompetitiveness,andsocialwell-being[3].”“Scientificresearchsupportedbythe[U.S.]federalgovernmentcatalyzesinnovativebreakthroughsthatdriveoureconomy.Theresultsofthatresearchbecomethegristfornewinsightsandareassetsforprogressinareassuchashealth,energy,theenvironment,agriculture,andnationalsecurity[4].”“Wearelivinginadataexplosionwherewegenerateandconsume[research]datafasterthanwecankeeptrackofandsecure.Whatarewegoingtodowithallthis[research]dataandhowcanweunlockitspotentialtomakeitworkforsociety?[5]”Therisksoflosingandmismanagingresearchdatacanhavesevereeconomicandsocialconsequences.[6‒9].EuropeandChinahaverecognizedthisandhavemovedproactivelytodevelopfederatedenterpriseapproachestomanageresearchdataandmakesuchdatawidelyavailable.EuropehastakentheleadershippositioninopenresearchwithFAIR(Findable,Accessible,Interoperable,Reusable)[10]dataandismovingtowardimplementationofFAIRwiththeEuropeanOpenScienceCloud[11].ChinaisalsoworkingaggressivelyonopenresearchwithitsChinaScienceandTechnologyCloudstartedinOctober2020[12].Morerecently,theChineseAcademyofScienceshasfundedafive-yearinternationalpartnershippilotproject,theGlobalOpenScienceCloudInitiative,tobegininearly2021[13].TheU.S.hasalsorecognizedthecriticalityofopensciencethroughaNational

引言NIST正在领导研究数据框架（RDaF）的、用于验证研究成果的记录性事实材料[1]RDaF的总体目标是向利益相关者社区提供一个结构化的方法，以开发可定制的策略来管理研究数据。RDaF的受众是官（CEO）和首席数据官（CDO）到图书馆员和研究人员。本文分为四个高级别章节：（1）引言材料；（2）RDaFRDaF；（3）RDaF（4）“21[2]。“21...{v1}{v2}“...]数据集正在成为经济中的核心资产，...[]显著提高生产力、资源效率、经济效率[3]”compettveness,ansocawe-e “由[]联邦政府支持的科学研究催化安全“Wearelivinginadataexplosionwherewegenerateandconsume[]数据比我们能够跟踪的速度更快，并且能够保障。我们[]数据，以及我们如何解锁它的潜力，使其为社会服务？[5]”丢失和管理不善研究数据的风险可能带来严重的经济和社会后果。[6–9]。欧洲和中FAIR（可查找、可访问、可互操作、可重用）[10]数据，并正朝着通过欧洲开放科学云[11]FAIR2020102020[12]。最近，2021年初开始[13]。美国也认识到开放科学的紧迫性，通过国家Academies1study,OpenSciencebyDesign:RealizingaVisionfor21stCenturyFordecades,advancesininformationtechnologyofferunprecedentedopportunitiesinscientificdata[15].Consider,forexample,supercomputersthatcanperformamilliontrilliontotaloperationspersecond[16].TheU.S.hasthesecondfastestscientificresearchcomputerintheworld(IBMSummit),havingbeenrecentlydisplacedfromtheleadingpositioninJune2020bytheJapanesesupercomputerFugaku[17].U.S.researchersareapplyingSummittokeyglobalissues,includingartificialintelligence(AI)[18]andgeneticdecodingofCOVID-19[19].TheU.S.hasmanyotheractiveprivate,academic,andpublicinvestmentsindata-intensiveresearchinmyriaddisciplines.Thereisanincreasingvarietyofstakeholdersintheresearchdataecosystem:governmentagencies(e.g.,theOSTP/NSTCSubcommitteeonOpenScience2intheU.S.),universitiesandtheirresearchlibraries,researchdatacentersandrepositories,scholarlypublishers,professionalsocieties,nationalandinternationalcollaborations,organizations(e.g.,CENDI,3BRDI,4NASEM,5CODATA,6RDA,7WDS,8andGOFAIR,9seeAppendixA,AcronymsandInitialisms),standardsbodies,funders(bothpublicandprivate),industryandtheprivatesector,researchers,andthegeneralpublic.Howdotheroles,responsibilities,andexpectationsofthesediversestakeholdersdiffer,overlap,orcontradict?OriginoftheTheconceptofaResearchDataFramework(RDaF)isinspiredbythedemonstratedsuccessoftheFrameworkforImprovingCriticalInfrastructureCybersecurity[20],whichNISTinitiallyissuedinFebruary2014,andwhichishereafterreferredtoastheNISTCybersecurityFramework.ThedevelopmentoftheRDaFstartedwithapreliminaryscopingstudytodeterminethebestapproachtogetsupportanduptakefromadiversestakeholdercommunity.TheRDaFwillfocusontheU.S.,butbynecessitywillincludeglobalplayersandglobalbestpractices.OpenandFAIRdataareessentialtenetsintheFramework,butitsupportstheconceptof“asopenaspossible,asclosedasnecessary[21,22].”ThedetailsofthisinitialversionoftheRDaF,hereaftertermedthePreliminaryRDaF,wereinformedbyasmallbutrepresentativesubsetoftheresearchdatacommunity.SubsequentversionsoftheRDaFwillbeinformedbythebroadercommunity.1TheNationalAcademiesofSciences,Engineering,andMedicine.Availableat2OfficeofScienceandTechnologyPolicy,NationalSubcommitteeonScienceandTechnology.Availableat/web/20201201153151/https:///ostp/nstc/underCommitteeon3Availableat5Availableat6Availableat

121世纪研究的愿景[14][15]提供了前所未有的机遇。例如，超级计算机每秒可以进行一百万万亿次总操作[16]。美国拥有世界上第二快的科学研究计算机（IBMSummit），20206Fugaku[17]取Summit81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbup（AI81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbupOSTP/NSTC2）、大学及其研究图书馆、研究数据中心和存储库、学术出版商、专业协会、国内和国际合作、组织（例如CENDI,3BRDI,4NASEM,5CODATA,6RDA,7WDS,8GOFAIR,9A，缩写和）、标研究数据框架（RDaF）NIST20142[20],所取得的显著成功的启发，该框架此后称为NISTRDaF接受的最佳方法。RDaFFAIR[21,22]”的概念。RDaFRDaF，是由研RDaF1美国国家科学、工程和医学学院。可在https:///获取2科学技术政策公室，国家科学技术小组委员会。可在/web/20201201153151/https:///ostp/nstc/在科学委员会下获取3可在/web/20201109215414/https:///获取4可在https:///brdi/board‑on‑research‑data‑and‑information5可在https:///home6可在 /web/20201207173554//获取7可在ThispublicationisavailablefreeofThispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-8Availableat

/web/20201207174444/https://rd‑8可在/web/20201207174825/https://取9可在/web/20201101081800/https://www.go‑/获取Thispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-Theresearchdataspaceisrepletewithwell-intentionedandusefulinitiatives.However,theseinitiatives,whichinvolveonlyoneorafewofthestakeholdergroupslistedinSection2.1,cannotberepresentativeoftheentireresearchdataecosystem.Thispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-WhatistheTheresearchdataecosystemisverycomplex!Therearemanystakeholdersandvariousfundingmodelsandsustainabilityplans.Howlongshouldresearchdatabekept?Howshouldresearchdataqualitybeassessed?Howdowemeasurethevalueofresearchdata?TheRDaFstrivestoanswerthesequestionsbyproviding:Amapoftheresearchdataspace:who,what,where,why,andAdynamicguideforthevariousstakeholdersinresearchdatatounderstandbestpracticesforresearchdatamanagementanddissemination;Aresourceforunderstandingcosts,benefits,andrisksassociatedwithresearchdatamanagement;Aconsensusdocumentbasedoninputsandconversationsamongthestakeholdersinresearchdata;andAtoolthatmaybeusedtochangetheresearchdatacultureinanLegalandInstitutionalTheRDaFaspirestoprovideorganizationswithastructuredapproachtodevelopacoherentresearchdatastrategy,andtoprovidestakeholderswithsomecommonlanguageterms13andabasisforcoordination.NISTwillleadthecoordinatedefforttodevelopandmaintainaFrameworkthatisusefulbutvoluntaryforallsectorsoftheeconomy,e.g.,industry,government,academia,andnot-for-profitorganizations.JustasthefirstversionoftheNISTCybersecurityFrameworkwasinitiallydrivenbylegislation,namelyExecutiveOrder13636:ImprovingCriticalInfrastructureCybersecurity[23],therearefederaldirectivesthatsupportthedevelopmentoftheRDaF.TheseincludeaseriesofWhiteHousedirectives,withthemostinfluentialbeingIncreasingAccesstotheResultsofFederallyFundedScientificResearch[4],alsoknownas“theHoldrenmemo,”whichwasissuedinFebruary2013.Thismemorandumwasfollowedbyanothermemorandum,OpenDataPolicy-ManagingInformationasanAssetinMay2013,andbyExecutiveOrder13642:MakingOpenandMachineReadabletheNewDefaultforGovernmentInformation(May14,2013)[24].”OnJanuary14,2019,PresidentObamasignedintolawtheFoundationsforEvidence-BasedPolicymakingActof2018[25],whichincludestheOPENGovernmentDataAct,HouseResolution1770[26].ThislegislationcollectivelydictatesthatU.S,governmentagenciesmustmaketheirdatapubliclyavailable.Complyingwiththesenationalrequirementsandtakingintoconsiderationthemassiveefforts10Availableat11Availableat/web/20201207180743/https:///12Availableat/web/20201126165836//13Someofthelanguagetermswillbedependentonthespecificresearchdiscipline.

一个或少数几个利益相关者群体，无法代表整个研究数据生态系统。在CODATA4RDA,510全球生物多样性信息81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morf81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbupRDaF通过提供以下内容来回答这些问题：RDaF13以及协调的基础。NISTNIST13636：改善关键基础设施网络安全[23],RDaF[4],“Holdren20132——2013513642(2013514)[24。”2019114of2018[25]1770[26]。这项立法共同规10可在/web/20201207180439/https:///11/web/20201207180743/https:///12可在 /web/20201126165836//13其中一些Thispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-intheopenresearch/opendataworld,theU.S.isassessingandpromotingthebestpracticesthatareemerginginadiverseandcomplexglobalecosystemofresearchdata[27].TheEuropeanCommission,throughitsEuropeanOpenScienceCloud[11],aimstocreateaEuropeanresearchinteroperabilityframework.RDaFleadershipThispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-ValueTheimmensevalueofmanagingresearchdataisclearlysupportedbyseveralfederaldocuments.AsstatedinOpenDataPolicy–ManagingInformationasanAsset[24],“Managinggovernmentinformationasanassetwillincreaseoperationalefficiencies,reducecosts,improveservices,supportmissionneeds,safeguardpersonalinformation,andincreasepublicaccesstovaluablegovernmentinformation.Makinginformationresourcesaccessible,discoverable,andusablebythepubliccanhelpfuelentrepreneurship,innovation,andscientificdiscovery—allofwhichimproveAmericans'livesandcontributesignificantlytojobcreation.”From2017to2019,theU.S.governmentreleasedthreekeydocumentsconcerningFederaldata:(1)ThePromiseofEvidence-BasedPolicymaking,whichdescribesimprovementsonhowdataareusedtogenerateevidenceaboutpoliciesandprogramsinthefederalgovernment[28];(2)ThePresident’sManagementAgenda:ModernizingGovernmentforthe21stCentury,whichsetsaprioritygoalofleveragingdataasastrategicasset[29];and(3)ThePresident’sManagementAgenda:FederalDataStrategy2020ActionPlan[30],whichdefinesthestepstoachievethisgoal.TheFoundationsforEvidence-BasedPolicymakingActof2018[25]stipulatesthereportingstructurefordatamanagementasfollows:“[To]improveFederaldatamanagement…TheheadofeachagencyshalldesignateanonpoliticalappointeeemployeeintheagencyastheChiefDataOfficeroftheagency[who]shallberesponsibleforlifecycledatamanagement…ThereisestablishedintheOfficeofManagementandBudgetaChiefDataOfficerCouncilthatshall(1)establishGovernmentwidebestpracticesfortheuse,protection,dissemination,andgenerationofdata;[and](2)promoteandencouragedatasharingagreementsbetweenagencies.”InJuly2019,aSteeringCommitteeconsistingofeightindividualsfromdifferentpartsoftheresearchdataecosystemwasrecruitedtoassistandadviseinthedevelopmentoftheRDaF.TheRDaFSteeringCommitteemembers,listedinTable1,establishedavaluepropositionfortheRDaFtoincludethefollowingbenefits:ResearchIntegrity:TheRDaFwillenablehigher-quality,reproducible,andbetter-characterizedresearchdata,andtransparencyoftheresearchprocess.CostsandEfficiency:TheRDaFwillaidinestablishingandapplyingbestpracticestoresearchdatamanagementtomaximizeefficiencyandcontrolcosts.

[27][11],旨在创建一个欧洲研究互操作性框架。RDaF领导层将紧跟这一及其他国际努力，以在整个管理研究数据的巨大价值得到了几份联邦文件的有力支持。正如在开放数据政策81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahc81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbup“将政府信息作为资产进行管理将提高运营效率、降低成本、改——所有这些都改善了美国人的生活，并对就业创造做出了重要贡献。[28]；(221st世纪现代化政府，该文件将利用数据作为战略资产设定为优先目标[29]；(32020行动计划[302018[25]规定“[]...每个机构的负责人应当指定一名非政治任命的雇员作为该机构的首席数据官[]应当负责全生...在管理和预算办公室设🖂了一个首席数据官委员(1)建🖂政府层面的数据使用、保护、传播和生[(2推广和鼓励机构之间的数据共享协议。”20197RDaF的开发。RDaF1RDaF建立了一个价值主张，包括以下好处：研究诚信：RDaF将能够实现更高质量、可重复且更好表征的研究数据，以及研究过程的透明度。成本和效率：RDaFThispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-RiskManagementandReduction:WhileriskmanagementandreductionpracticesaredesignedtodecreasepotentialThispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-ScientificDiscoveryandInnovation:Scientificdiscoveryandinnovationarecriticaltoglobalcompetitiveness.TheRDaFwillembracetheFAIRprinciples,whichpromisetoincreasescientificproductivitythroughbetteruseandreuseofresearchPolicyCompliance:TheRDaFwillassistorganizationsinattainingcompliancewithresearchdatamanagementandsharingpoliciesfromfundingorganizationsandTable1.RDaFSteeringCommitteeLauraDepartmentofMercèHarvardJoshuaSloanFunder,privateHilaryResearchDataAllianceInternationaldataHeatherScholarlyPublishingandAcademicResourcesCoalitionAnon-governmentadvocacyorganization,librariesBarendLeidenUniv.,CODATA,GO-Academia,internationaldataBethNationalScienceGovernment,AnitadeScholarlypublisher,privateaMarkLeggott,ResearchDataCanada(government),wasaddedtotheCommitteeinmid-bNowatNationalInstitutesofHealthcNowatIndianaRiskAsstatedintheNISTPrivacyFramework[31],“riskmanagementisacross-organizationalsetofprocessesthathelpsorganizationstounderstandhowtheirsystems,products,andservicesmaycreateproblemsforindividualsortheorganizationandhowtodevelopeffectivesolutionstomanagesuchproblems…riskassessmentsproducetheinformationthatcanhelporganizationsweighthebenefitsofdataprocessing14againsttherisksanddeterminetheappropriateresponse—sometimesreferredtoasproportionality.”Further,theNISTPrivacyFrameworkdemonstratesanapplicationofriskmanagementtodataandprivacy,wherebyanorganization“optimizesbeneficialusesofdatawhileminimizingadverseconsequencesforindividuals’privacyandsocietyasawhole[31].”TheapplicabilityofsimilarriskmanagementandassessmentprocessesforresearchdatawillbeconsideredinthenextversionoftheRDaF.14dataprocessingisacollectivesetofdataactionswhichinclude,butarenotlimitedto,collection,retention,logging,generation,transformation,use,disclosure,sharing,transmission,anddisposal.

们可能会无意中错失机会。RDaF将帮助组织评估其当前的风险状况，并创科学发现与创新:科学发现与创新对全球竞争力至关重要。RDaF将采纳FAIR原则，这些原则承诺通过更好地使用和重用研究数据来提高科学生产力。81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahc81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbup表1.RDaFLauraMercèHarvardJoshuaSloanHilary国际数据组 HeatherBarend莱顿大学BethAnitade学术出版商，私 aMarkLeggott,ResearchDataCanada(government),wasaddedtotheCommitteeinmid-bNowatNationalInstitutesofHealthcNowatIndianaNIST[31],14的益处与风险并确定NIST[31]RDaF的下一版本中考虑。ThispublicationisavailablefreeofThispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-Becauseaframeworkisonlysuccessfulifithasbuy-inandacceptancefromthecommunity,itisimportanttoensurethatawiderangeofvoicesareheard.Forresearchdata,thecommunityincludesbusiness,academia,government,andothertypesofstakeholders.Itinvolvesrolesandplayersthatrepresentallstagesoftheresearchdatalifecycle.Asnoted,theRDaFshouldbeglobalinscopeandreachbecausethenatureandapplicationsofresearchdataareintendedforbroadadoption.ThePreliminaryRDaFdevelopmentprocessisdepictedinthetimelineinFig.1.The“CommunityofInterest”(COI)includestheWorkshopattendeesandotherswhohaveexpressedinterestinfollowingtheprogressoftheRDaF.InitialScopingAsanecessaryfirststep,initialresearchwasconductedtocharacterizethecurrentresearchdatalandscape,including:Stakeholdersandusers(seeAppendixStandardsandtoolsalreadyproducedandinMaturitymodelsandindicators(i.e.,mechanismstoassesstheextentofandsuccessofresearchdatamanagementinanorganization);andRequirementsandgapsinknowledgeofbestpractices,includingresearchdataThepreliminaryscopingstudy,conductedinconsultationwiththeRDaFSteeringCommittee,gaugedstakeholderinterestanddeterminedthebestapproachtocreatingaframeworkthatwouldhavesupportfromandadoptionbyadiversestakeholdercommunity.Fig.1.TimelinefordevelopmentofthePreliminary

初步RDaF的开发81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbup究数据生命周期所有阶段的角色和参与者。如前所述，RDaF应具有全球范围和影响81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbup利益相关者和用户（B）已产生并成熟度模型和指标（即，评估组织内研究数据管理程度和成功性的机制）；RDaF指导委员会后进行，评估了利益相关者的兴趣，并图1。RDaFThispublicationisavailablefreeofThispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-TodeterminetheviabilityandtruevalueoftheRDaFasperceivedbythecommunity,aninvitation-onlyStakeholderScopingWorkshopwasheldonDecember5-6,2019attheNISTNationalCybersecurityCenterofExcellenceinGaithersburgMaryland(seeAppendixCfortheagenda).Theco-chairsoftheworkshopwereRobertHanischfromNISTandBonnieCarrollfromInformationInternationalAssociatesandCODATA.TheRDaFSteeringCommitteeassistedwiththetechnicalaspectsoftheworkshop,e.g.,identifyingattendeesandplanningtheagenda.Attheworkshop,50invitedattendeesrepresentedabroadspectrumofstakeholdersencompassingavarietyofjobfunctionswithintheresearchdataecosystem.ThecompletelistofworkshopattendeesisprovidedinAppendixD.Thenumberdistributionofattendees’affiliationsisasfollows:FifteenfromsixgovernmentElevenfromtenU.S.FivefromfourU.S.NationalSevenfromsixSevenfromcompaniesinsixtechnologyFivefromnon-profitAllparticipantsactivelyandenthusiasticallyengagedinbreak-outsessionsandfull-groupdiscussions.ThestructureoftheNISTCybersecurityFrameworkresonatedwiththeworkshopparticipantsandtheyrecommendeditsbasicstructurefortheRDaF.TwoorganizingconceptsfortheFrameworkCorewereconsideredattheWorkshop:aresearchdataecosystemapproach(wheretheemphasisisontheinteractionsbetweenorganizationsandresearchdatamanagementfunctions)oralifecycleapproach,perhapsincludingatop-level“sphereofresponsibility.”Itwasdecidedtouseahybridapproachwhichisserialinnatureandhasdynamicprocessesconcerningresearchdatamanagement.Eachoffourbreak-outgroupsproposedvariouslifecyclestagesfortheco-chairsandRDaFSteeringCommitteememberstoconsiderintheirpost-workshopdeliberations.TherewasconsensusthatbetternationalandinternationalcoordinationisneedednowforbothbasicandappliedresearchdatatoensurethattheU.S.stayscompetitiveandthinksstrategicallyaboutthemanagementofsuchdata,avaluablenationalresource.AllparticipantswereenthusiasticaboutremaininginvolvedintheRDaFdevelopmentanditwasunanimouslyagreedthattheRDaFshouldmoveforward.Thefollowingrecommendationsweremade:NISTisthebestorganizationtoleadthedevelopmentoftheNISTshouldmoveasrapidlyaspossibletosolidifytheplanandseekfundingfromothergovernmentagenciesandorganizations;ThemaintargetuserfortheRDaFisataninstitutionalororganizationallevelsuchasaCDO,i.e.,someonewithbroadresponsibilitiesforthemanagementofresearchdataacrossanorganization;TheRDaFshouldhavevalueforotherroles(i.e.,jobfunctions)inorganizations,suchasresearchers;RegularcommunicationwiththeCOIshouldcontinuebyvariousmeans,e.g.,e-mailupdates,webinars;andTheSteeringCommitteeshouldbeconsultedfrequentlyastheRDaFis

RDaF2019125681-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbup马里兰州盖瑟斯堡的美国国家标准与技术研究院（NIST）国家网络安全卓越中心举行了一场仅限邀请的利益相关者范围工作坊（C）。工作坊的联合主席NISTRobert81-0051.PS.TSIN/8206.01/gro.iod//:sptth:morfegrahcfoeerfelbaliavasinoitacilbup所有参与者积极参与并热情地参与了分组会议和全体讨论。NIST网络安全框架的结构与研讨会参与者产生了共鸣，他们建议将其基本结构用于RDaF。在研讨会上考虑管理功能之间的互动）RDaF指导委员会betternationalandinternationalcoordinationisneedednowforbothbasicandappliedresearchdatatoensurethattheU.S.stayscompetitiveandthinksstrategicallyaboutthemanagementofsuchdata,avaluablenationalresource.所有参与者都热情高涨地希望继续参与RDaF的开发，并且一致同意RDaF应NISTRDaFNISTRDaFCDO，即负责组织内研究数据RDaF应该对组织中的其他角色（即工作职能）应通过多种方式继续与COI在RDaF开发过程中，应经常咨询指导委员 Thispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-Insummary,theworkshopwaseffectiveinbuildingthebaseforThispublicationisavailablefreeofchargefrom:/10.6028/NIST.SP.1500-Inthethreemonthsfollowingtheworkshop,theco-chairsdraftedareportwhichwasvettedbytheRDaFSteeringCommittee.Thisworkshopreport,InitialScopingStudyforaNIST-LedResearchDataFramework(RDaF),wasdistributedonMarch5,2020totheRDaFCOI.ThereportcontainedaninitialFrameworkCorewithsevenFunctions(researchdatalifecyclestages)and44CategoriesandSubcategories(relevanttopicsforthesevenFunctions).InterimStudiesandFromMarch2020toJune2020,twoadditionalreportsweregenerated.Thefirstwasabriefroadmapdocument,partsofwhichareincorporatedinthepresentdocument.ThesecondwasabriefingreportforNISTuppermanagementandincludedabudgetforcontinuationoftheRDaFprojectbeyondthecompletionoftheinitialversionpresentedherein.ScopingofthecurrentresearchdatalandscapecontinuedinthefourbulletedareasgiveninSection2.1andwasusedtorefinetheinitialFrameworkCorementionedinSection2.2.DraftingthePreliminaryInthesevenmonthsfollowingthedistributionoftheworkshopreport,theFrameworkCorewasmodifiedwithinputfromtheRDaFSteeringCommittee.TheresultwasaregroupingoftheinitialsevenFunctionstoformsixFunctions.(SeeSection3.2,FrameworkCore.)AdetaileddescriptionofthePreliminaryRDaFispresentedinthefollowingSection.AdraftversionofthepresentdocumentwasvettedbytheSteeringCommitteeandreleasedtotheRDaFCOIonOctober26,2020.DescriptionofthePreliminaryRDaFRelationshiptoOtherNISTAsstatedinSection2.2,aconsensusdecisionwasmadetobasetheRDaFstructureonthatofthesuccessfulNISTCybersecurityFramework,whichNISTinitiallyissuedinFebruary2014toaddressthesimilarlyemergingandcomplexglobalchallengeofcybersecurity.BoththeNISTCybersecurityandtheNISTPrivacyFrameworkshavethreebasicparts:aFrameworkCore,FrameworkProfiles,andFrameworkImplementationTiers.In