江苏省南京市六校联合体考试2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南京市六校联合体考试2024-2025学年高二下学期6月期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A.Havedinner. B.Attendaparty. C.Goshopping.【答案】C【原文】W:You’releavingnow?Won’tyoustayfordinner?M:No,I’vegottogo.WewillhaveabirthdaypartyforMomtomorrow.Ineedtobuyawatchforherbeforetheshoppingmallcloses.2.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome. B.Inastadium. C.Inaclassroom.【答案】A【原文】M:Comeon!Comeon!Gettheballandshoot!Hey!WhydidyouturnofftheTV,honey?W:Rachelishavingherexamstomorrow.Sheneedsasoundsleep.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Getanewbicycle.B.Buyasecond-handbicycle.C.Savemoneyforsomethingelse.【答案】A【原文】W:Ican’tdecidewhethertobuyanewbicycleortrytofindasecond-handone.M:Anewbicyclewillcostyoualotofmoney,butitwillsavemoneyinthelongrun,Ithink.4.Howmuchdoesthemantipthewoman?A.$9. B.$10. C.$19.【答案】C【原文】M:Themealcost90dollarsoriginally.You’veoffereda10%discount,soitcosts81dollarsintotal,right?W:That’sright,sir.M:Hereisahundred-dollarbill.Keepthechangeasyourtip.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Atouristattraction. B.Plansforvacation. C.AnimalsinAlaska.【答案】B【原文】W:Comeandlook!Theseplacesinthebrochureareawesome!Whichplaceshallwegoforthisvacation?M:Oh,sorry,I’vepromisedMarkthatIamgoinghuntingwithhiminAlaska.W:John,youcan’tbeserious!第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Shopassistantandcustomer.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Doctorandpatient.7.HowisAlice’sskincondition?A.Normal. B.Oily. C.Dry.【答案】6.A7.C【原文】M:Hello,I’mheretobuyasoapbarformydaughterAlice.Shewantstouseittowashherface.Doyouthinkthisonemadeofgreenteaisokay?W:Sure,sir.Doesyourdaughterhaveoilyskinornormalskin?M:Well,shealwayscomplainsaboutherdryskin.W:Inthatcase,Ithinkthisgoat’smilksoapbarismoresuitableforyourdaughter.It’llmakeherskinsmoother.M:Thanks.I’lltakethisone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatfruitdoesthewomanwanttoeat?A.Apear. B.Abanana. C.Anorange.9.Whydoesthemanrefusetosharethefruit?A.Itisnotbigenough.B.Itsflavorisn’tverygood.C.It’sagainsthisculturaltradition.【答案】8.A9.C【原文】W:Let’sseewhatwehavehereinthefridge:oranges…no,atetoomuchbefore;bananas…no,don’tlikethetaste.M:Look!Westillhaveapear.W:Thepearisgood!Butthisoneistoobig.Whydon’tweshareit?M:No,weChinesedonotsharepears.W:Oh?Whyisthat?M:Well,inChinese,“sharingapearwithsomeone”soundslike“leavingthatperson”,whichisnotagoodsigntous.W:Isee.GuessI’llhavetoeatitalone.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whatdidtheman’sparentsstophimfromdoing?A.Eatingtoomuch.B.Usingdirtyhandstoeatfood.C.Swallowingfoodquickly.11.Whatdidthewoman’smotherscareherwith?A.Beingsenttotheprison.B.Beinginfectedbybacteria.C.Beingtakenawaybyamonster.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermother’slie?A.Understandable. B.Meaningless. C.Funny.【答案】10.B11.A12.B【原文】W:Didyourparentslietoyouinordertotalkyououtofdoingsomethingwhenyouwereakid?M:Yeah.Iusedtograbandeatfoodwithmydirtyhands.Inordertomakemewashmyhands,myparentssaidifIcontinueddoingso,thebacteriaIswallowedwouldfinallygatherintoamonsterandcutmybellyopen.W:Youmusthavebeenterrified.M:Youbet.W:Well,atleastyourparents’lieisunderstandable.MymomoncetoldmethatifIputastampupsidedownontheenvelopeandmailedit,Iwouldbesenttotheprison.Itdoesn’tmakeanysense.M:It’ssofunny.Sheprobablyjustwantedtoplayatrickonyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Whenisthewomansupposedtohandinheressay?A.BynextMonday. B.BynextTuesday. C.BynextFriday.14.Whyisthewomanbehindwithherwritingclass?A.Shewasillforaweek.B.Shefoundittoodifficult.C.Shewasbusywithaperformance.15.Howdoesthemanfindhiscollegelife?A.Busy. B.Boring. C.Colorful.16.WhatdoesthewomanwanttodonextWednesday?A.Seeanexhibition. B.Gotoaball. C.Watchaplay.【答案】13.C14.A15.C16.B【原文】M:Youseembusy.W:Youcan’timaginewhatIhavetofinishbynextMonday!Thisliteraturecourseissodifficult.IhavetoreadtwonovelsbynextMondayandhandina3,000-wordessaybynextFriday.M:Soyoudon’twanttocometoanexhibitionwithmethisSaturday?W:I’dloveto,butI’malreadybehindwithmywritingclassbecauseIhadacoldforaweekandmissedafewlessons.Youseemtohaveloadsoffreetime.M:Well,wejustdon’thaveasmuchacademicworkasyou.Mycollegelifeiscolorfulcomparedwithyours.Therearevarietiesofliveperformancesasanartmajor.W:Yes.I’mboredwiththelifeofreadingandwritingeveryday.M:Whydon’twestoptalking?Justworknow.IfyouhavefinishedeverythingonSunday,wecouldgotoseethatnewplaynextTuesday.W:Okay.I’lltry.AndIdon’twanttomissthestudentballnextWednesday.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whereisthecemeterylocated?A.Inamountainousarea.B.Besideananimalreserve.C.NeartheAnacostiaRiver.18.Whydocemeteryofficialsusegoatstokilltheweeds?A.Todeveloplocaleconomy.B.Toprotecttheenvironment.C.Toreducethecost.19.WhoisMaryBowen?A.Acompanyowner. B.Aprogramdirector. C.Anenvironmentalexpert.20.Whatisusedtokeepthegoatsfromleavingthecemetery?A.Awoodenfence. B.Anelectronicfence. C.Abrickwall.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.B【原文】M:AburialplaceinWashingtonD.C.isusinggoatsinsteadofpoisontoremoveweeds.Inrecentyears,manyweedshavegrowninthecemetery.Officialsdonotwanttousepoisonstokilltheweeds.ThecemeteryisneartheAnacostiaRiver.LaurenMaloyistheprogramdirectorinthecemetery.“Becauseitisclosetotheriver,wearealwayslookingforwaystomakesurethatthingsaresustainable—wearenotusingpoisonsthatmighthurttheenvironment.”Shesaid.Socemeteryofficialshavedecidedtousegoats.Theanimalsarelesscostlythanchemicalsanddonothurttheenvironment.TheanimalsareownedbyMaryBowen.Thecemeterypayshercompany$11,000tohavethegoatsremoveunwantedplantsfromeachspotofthecemetery.MaryBowensaysthatisabouthalfthecostofusingpoisons.Anelectronicfencekeepsthegoatsfromleavingthecemetery.Shehopesthatthegoatswillhelpmorepeopleunderstandthattheycankeeptheirpropertyfreeofweedswithouthurtingtheenvironment.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWelcometoCalifornia.Toenjoythefinestexperience,youarehighlyadvisedtoconsiderseveralpremieraccommodations.RushCreekLodgeSurroundedbyaforest,RushCreekLodgefeaturesaheatedoutdoorpool,andchildren’splayground.Allunitsareairconditionedandfeatureaseatingarea.Everyunithasaprivatebathroomwithfreetoiletries.Guestscanenjoyadrinkattheon-sitebar,whilespecialdietmenusandpackedlunchesareavailableonrequest.Youcanplaytabletennisattheproperty,andbikehireisavailable.Varietiesofactivitiesareofferedinthearea,suchascyclingandfishing.PacificBeachResortPacificBeachResortissetinOceanside,whichisaround3.9kmfromMarineCorpsBaseCampPendletonand13kmfromAntiqueGasSteamEngineMuseum.ThenearestairportisMcClellan-PalomarAirport,12kmfromtheresort.Theguestservicesteamcanaidguestsinorganizingbeachdays,horsebackridingintheSantaMonicaMountains,privatewinetasting,orHelicoptertoursalongthecoast.CalamigosBeachClubLocatedontheCaliforniacoast,CalamigosBeachClubofferspet-friendlyaccommodation.Eachair-conditionedroomatthisresortoffersfreeWiFiandaflat-screenTV.Thepropertysuitsguestswhoarelookingforaccommodationforbusinessorleisure.TastedelicatedishesataMICHELIN-Starrestaurant,danceatTheRooftopBar’slivelyskybardeckandpool,anddrinkslowlyatabeachfrontcafé.SanDiegohotelSanDiegohotelislocatedalongtheoceanandis1milefromMissionBayPark.Thisbeachfronthotelfeaturesanoceanfrontpool,bikerentalsandroomswithbalconies.Eachguestroomisequippedwitha50"LCDTV,arefrigerator,coffeemakerandprivatepatioorbalcony.Businessservicesandlaundryfacilitiesarealsoavailable.TheSanDiegoBayareaoffersmanyactivitiesincludingwatersports,cycling,surfing,tennisandshopping.21.Whichhotelisyourbestchoiceifyouarewithyourpet?A.RushCreekLodge. B.PacificBeachResort.C.CalamigosBeachClub. D.SanDiegohotel.22.WhatcanyouexperiencewhetheryoustayateitherRushCreekLodgeorSanDiegohotel?A.ThrillingHelicoptertours. B.Thedelicacyofself-madecoffee.C.Deliciousfoodatstarrestaurants. D.Variousactivitiessuchascycling.23.WhatmakesPacificBeachResortuniquecomparedtootherhotels?A.Itespeciallysuitsthoselookingforleisure.B.Itprovidespackedlunchdeliveryservices.C.Itprovidestripplanningservicesforguests.D.ItisjuststepsawayfromMissionBayPark.【答案】21.C22.D23.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了加州几家顶级住宿设施的情况。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据CalamigosBeachClub部分的“LocatedontheCaliforniacoast,CalamigosBeachClubofferspet-friendlyaccommodation.(CalamigosBeachClub位于加利福尼亚海岸，提供宠物友好型住宿)”可知，该酒店允许携带宠物，所以如果你带着宠物，CalamigosBeachClub是最好的选择。故选C。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据RushCreekLodge部分的“Varietiesofactivitiesareofferedinthearea,suchascyclingandfishing.(该地区提供各种活动，如骑自行车和钓鱼)”以及SanDiegohotel部分的“TheSanDiegoBayareaoffersmanyactivitiesincludingwatersports,cycling,surfing,tennisandshopping.(圣地亚哥湾地区提供许多活动，包括水上运动、骑自行车、冲浪、网球和购物)”可知，两家酒店都提供骑自行车等活动。所以无论你住在RushCreekLodge还是SanDiegohotel，都能体验到骑自行车等各种活动。故选D。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据PacificBeachResort部分的“Theguestservicesteamcanaidguestsinorganizingbeachdays,horsebackridingintheSantaMonicaMountains,privatewinetasting,orHelicoptertoursalongthecoast.(客户服务团队可以帮助客人安排海滩日、在圣莫尼卡山脉骑马、私人品酒或沿海直升机之旅)”可知，PacificBeachResort的独特之处在于它为客人提供旅行规划服务，这是其他酒店未明确提及的。故选C。BThedaymysonNickwasborn,losingachildbecamemybiggestfear.Whenyoulovesomeonethatvastly,theideaofthemnolongerbeinginyourworldisunbearable.Eighteenyearsandtwomonthsafterthatday,Iwassuddenlyforcedtofacethatfear.Haditnotbeenformyfifteen-year-olddaughter,Anna,Iwouldn’thavemadeitpastthefirstfewweeks.That’swhenmy15-year-olddaughterAnnasatbesideme,herhandstrembling.“Mom,”shewhispered,“cansomeonereallydieofabrokenheart?”Herquestionslicedthroughthefogofmysadness.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething.AtNick’smemorialservice,myfriendJulia,anartist,handedmeaboxfilledwithglue,tornmagazinepages,paint,andribbons.“Youneedtocreate,”shesaidfirmly.Atfirst,Ididn’tunderstand.Butthatnight,Ispreadthematerialsonthekitchentable.Itorepaperviolently,burnededgeswithacandle,andsplatteredredpaintlikebloodstains.Itwasn’tpretty,butitfelttrue.Monthslater,IfoundNick’splaylist.AsongcalledBelovedcaughtmyheart.Itslyricsaboutloveandlossinspiredmetopaintagain.Thefirstpaintingwasallblackandwhite—baretreesunderheavysnow.Itfeltlikemysoul.Butslowly,colorcreptin.Inthesecondpainting,atinyyellowbutterflyappearedinthegloom.Thethirdshowedafieldwithgreenergrass,thebutterflygrowingbrighter.Bytheseventhpainting,thebutterflyhadtransformedintoaphoenix(凤凰)withrainbowwings,risingintoagoldensky.Theserieshangsonmylivingroomwall,aconstantreminderofthebeginningofaprocessthatwillcontinuefortherestofmylife.Istillfindmyselfcreatingartthatreflectsmygrief.But,moreandmoreoften,Icanpaintimagespurelyforenjoymentastheshadowfadesandmylifesolidifies.AndAnnanolongerworriesaboutlosingmetoabrokenheart.Instead,shehasbecomequitetheartistherselfandbrightensmydaysevenmorewithherowncreations.24.WhatmighttheauthorrealizeonhearingAnna’squestioninparagraph2?A.Nickdiedofabrokenheart.B.Annacouldn’taffordtolosehermother.C.ItwasaheartbreakforAnnatoloseherbrother.D.Annawasn’tsatisfiedwiththestatusquoofthefamily.25.Whydidtheauthor’sfriendhandherabox?A.Theauthorwasknownforherpotentialforcreating.B.Herfriendhopedtheauthorcouldgetthroughthedarktimes.C.Theboxwouldserveasareminderofafriend’sloveandcare.D.Creatingwasusefulfortheauthortowithdrawfromthereality.26.Whatcanbelearnedfromthesevenpaintings?A.Theauthorcametounderstandtherecipeofpainting.B.Theauthorgraduallyrealizedherpotentialasapainter.C.Theauthoreventuallyunderstoodherfriend’sintention.D.Theauthorslowlyhealedherselfintheprocessofcreating.27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.EnjoyingtheVeryMoment B.RebornFromthePastMemoriesC.SurvivingBeyondtheShadow D.CreatingaNewLifePerspective【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在失去儿子后陷入悲痛，在女儿的陪伴和朋友的启发下，通过艺术创作逐渐走出阴影、治愈心灵的过程。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段““Mom,”shewhispered,“cansomeonereallydieofabrokenheart?”Herquestionslicedthroughthefogofmysadness.Isuddenlyrealizedsomething.(“妈妈，”她轻声问道，“真的有人会因心碎而死吗？”她的问题穿透了我悲伤的迷雾。我突然意识到了什么)”可知，女儿担心母亲会因心碎而离世，作者从女儿的问题中意识到女儿无法承受失去母亲的痛苦，担心自己的状态会让女儿失去依靠。故选B项。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“AtNick’smemorialservice,myfriendJulia,anartist,handedmeaboxfilledwithglue,tornmagazinepages,paint,andribbons.“Youneedtocreate,”shesaidfirmly.(在尼克的追悼会上，我的艺术家朋友朱莉娅递给我一个盒子，里面装着胶水、撕碎的杂志页、颜料和缎带。“你需要进行创作”，她坚定地说)”可知，朋友递给作者装有创作材料的盒子，鼓励她通过创作来疏导情绪，帮助她度过失去儿子的黑暗时期。故选B项。【26题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thefirstpaintingwasallblackandwhite—baretreesunderheavysnow.Itfeltlikemysoul.Butslowly,colorcreptin.Inthesecondpainting,atinyyellowbutterflyappearedinthegloom.Thethirdshowedafieldwithgreenergrass,thebutterflygrowingbrighter.Bytheseventhpainting,thebutterflyhadtransformedintoaphoenixwithrainbowwings,risingintoagoldensky.(第一幅画全是黑白色调——大雪压着光秃秃的树木，那感觉就像我的灵魂。但色彩渐渐渗入画面。第二幅画里，一只黄色的小蝴蝶出现在阴暗中。第三幅画展现了一片绿草如茵的田野，蝴蝶也变得更加明亮。到了第七幅画，蝴蝶已化身为一只长着彩虹翅膀的凤凰，朝着金色的天空飞去)”可知，七幅画的色彩从黑白逐渐变得明亮，意象从压抑的雪景转变为象征重生的凤凰，体现出作者在创作过程中逐渐从悲痛中恢复，心灵得到治愈。故选D项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whenyoulovesomeonethatvastly,theideaofthemnolongerbeinginyourworldisunbearable.Eighteenyearsandtwomonthsafterthatday,Iwassuddenlyforcedtofacethatfear.(当你如此深爱着一个人时，一想到他们不再存在于你的世界里，就令人无法承受。在那天之后的18年零两个月，我突然被迫直面这种恐惧)”以及全文内容可知，文章围绕作者在失去儿子后的悲痛经历展开，讲述了她如何通过艺术创作超越阴影、重新面对生活。C选项“在阴影之外坚强生活”，既概括了作者走出悲痛的过程，又体现了文章的核心主题。故选C项。CManypeopleassumemothersarethemaincontactforkids,evenwhendadsareavailable.Schools,doctors,andothersoftencallmomsfirst,interruptingtheirworkorpersonaltime.Researchshowsthisisn’tjustafeeling—it’sbackedbydata.Afewyearsago,KristyBuzard,aneconomistatSyracuseUniversity,andhercolleaguesposedasfictitious(虚假的)parentsandemailedmorethan80,000schoolprincipals,sayingtheyweresearchingforaschoolfortheirchildandaskingforacallback.Theresearchersfoundthattheprincipalswere40percentmorelikelytocallthepretendmothersbackthanthepretendfathers.Partofthereason,Buzardposited,is“thiscorebeliefthatmomsaremoreavailableandaregoingtobemoreresponsive.”KatyMilkman,abehavioraleconomist,thoughtthisreflecteddeep-rootedstereotypes(刻板印象)aboutmothersascaregivers.“Peoplejumptoconclusionswithoutthinking,”saidMilkman.Outdatedtechnologyalsoplaysarole.Schoolsanddoctors’officesoftenuseoldsoftwarethatcan’tupdatecontactdetailseasily.Forexample,ifadadbecomesthemaincaregiverafteramomreturnstowork,systemsmightstilldefault(默认)tohernumber.JenShu,aphysicist,explained,“Oursystemsaren’tsmartenoughtoswitchpriorities.”Whilemanymomsaretheprimarycontact,treatingthemasthedefaultwhentheydon’twanttobeaddsstress.Unwantedcallsinterrupttheirjobs,andpassingtaskstodadsisn’talwayssimple.Onesurveyfoundmomsare30%morelikelythandadstoconsideraskingtheirpartnerforhelpis“troublesome”becausetheystillendupmanagingthetask.Dadsfacefrustrationtoo.Whenschoolsordoctorsignoretheirrole,itcreatesextrasteps.Onefather,Rauzon,manageshisson’sasthma(哮喘)carebutgetsleftoutofcalls.Anotherdad,Estes,worksfromhomebutdaycarecontactshisoffice-workingwifewhentheirsonissick.“Peopleassumedadsarejusttherefordecoration,”hesaid.Theproblemisn’tjustunfair—ithurtsfamilies.Manydadswanttoshareparentingduties,andfamiliesfunctionbetterwhentheydo.Asoneresearcherputit,“It’stimeforeveryoneelsetocatchon.”28.WhydoestheauthormentionKristy’sresearch?A.Toexplainacomplexsocialissue. B.Tosupportacommonassumption.C.Toclarifythedifferentrolesinfamilies. D.Topresentastrangesocialphenomenon.29.Whatcan’taccountforthefactthatmothersareusuallyfirstcontactedaboutkids’problems?A.Momsareseenasmoreresponsive.B.Momsaregenerallyconsideredfreer.C.Fathersaremorelikelytoavoidtheirduties.D.Outdatedsystemsstruggletoupdatecontactdetails.30.Whatcanbelearnedfromthe5thand6thparagraphs?A.Mostmomsembracehelpfromtheirpartner.B.Somedadsfeelupsetwhentheirroleisignored.C.Manymomsthinkitisaburdentocareaboutkids.D.Inmostfamilies,dadsarejusttherefordecoration.31.Whatismostlikelytobetalkedaboutinthenextparagraph?A.Thekeytomakingfamiliesfunctionbetter.B.Thesignificanceofbringingupkidsforparents.C.Themethodtofreemomsfromtheunneededcalls.D.Theapproachestoinvolvingdadsinparentingduties.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了在孩子相关事务中母亲常被默认为首要联系人的现象，分析了其背后的原因以及带来的影响。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Manypeopleassumemothersarethemaincontactforkids,evenwhendadsareavailable.Schools,doctors,andothersoftencallmomsfirst,interruptingtheirworkorpersonaltime.Researchshowsthisisn’tjustafeeling—it’sbackedbydata.(许多人认为母亲是孩子的主要联系人，即使父亲在场也是如此。学校、医生和其他人经常先给妈妈打电话，打断了她们的工作或私人时间。研究表明，这不仅仅是一种感觉，而是有数据支持的。)”和第二段“Afewyearsago,KristyBuzard,aneconomistatSyracuseUniversity,andhercolleaguesposedasfictitiousparentsandemailedmorethan80,000schoolprincipals,sayingtheyweresearchingforaschoolfortheirchildandaskingforacallback.Theresearchersfoundthattheprincipalswere40percentmorelikelytocallthepretendmothersbackthanthepretendfathers.(几年前，锡拉丘兹大学的经济学家KristyBuzard和她的同事假扮成虚构的父母，给8万多名校长发了电子邮件，说他们在为孩子寻找学校，并要求回电。研究人员发现，校长给假扮的母亲回电的可能性比给假扮的父亲回电的可能性高40%。)”可知，作者提到Kristy的研究是为了支持一个普遍的假设，即人们普遍认为母亲是孩子的主要联系人，即使父亲在场也是如此。故选B。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Partofthereason,Buzardposited,is“thiscorebeliefthatmomsaremoreavailableandaregoingtobemoreresponsive”.(Buzard认为，部分原因是“人们普遍认为妈妈更有空，而且会更愿意回应”。)”可知，妈妈被认为更善于回应，妈妈通常被认为更自由，这是母亲通常是孩子问题的第一联系人的原因，故选项A、B正确；根据第四段“Outdatedtechnologyalsoplaysarole.Schoolsanddoctors’officesoftenuseoldsoftwarethatcan’tupdatecontactdetailseasily.Forexample,ifadadbecomesthemaincaregiverafteramomreturnstowork,systemsmightstilldefaulttohernumber.(过时的技术也起到了一定作用。学校和医生的办公室经常使用无法轻松更新联系信息的旧软件。例如，如果妈妈重返工作岗位后，爸爸成为主要照顾者，系统可能仍然默认她的号码。)”可知，过时的系统难以更新联系信息，这是母亲通常是孩子问题的第一联系人的原因，故选项D正确。文中并未提到父亲更有可能逃避他们的责任，故选项C错误。故选C。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第六段“Dadsfacefrustrationtoo.Whenschoolsordoctorsignoretheirrole,itcreatesextrasteps.Onefather,Rauzon,manageshisson’sasthmacarebutgetsleftoutofcalls.Anotherdad,Estes,worksfromhomebutdaycarecontactshisoffice-workingwifewhentheirsonissick.“Peopleassumedadsarejusttherefordecoration,”hesaid.(爸爸们也会感到沮丧。当学校或医生忽视他们的角色时，就会产生额外的步骤。一位父亲Rauzon负责儿子的哮喘护理，但却被排除在电话之外。另一位父亲Estes在家工作，但当儿子生病时，日托中心联系的是他办公室工作的妻子。“人们认为爸爸只是装饰品”，他说。)”可知，一些爸爸在他们的角色被忽视时感到沮丧。故选B项。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theproblemisn’tjustunfair—ithurtsfamilies.Manydadswanttoshareparentingduties,andfamiliesfunctionbetterwhentheydo.Asoneresearcherputit,“It’stimeforeveryoneelsetocatchon”.(这个问题不仅仅是不公平的——它伤害了家庭。许多爸爸想分担育儿责任，当他们这样做时，家庭会运作得更好。正如一位研究人员所说，“是时候让其他人都跟上来了”。)”可知，最后一段强调了爸爸参与育儿责任的重要性，所以下一段最有可能讨论的是让爸爸参与育儿责任的方法，故选D项。DRecentresearchsuggeststhatusingdigitaldeviceslikesmartphonesandtabletsmightactuallyhelpprotectbrainfunctioninolderadultsratherthanharmit.Areviewof57studiesinvolvingover400,000peopleaged50andolderfoundthatthosewhoregularlyusedtechnologyshowedslowermentaldeclinecomparedtothosewhouseditless.Thesefindings,publishedinNatureHumanBehaviour,challengeconcernsthatscreentimecauses“digitaldementia”.Scientistsanalyzeddatafromadultsworldwide,withanaverageageof69,whohadtakencognitive(认知的)testsorreceivedmemory-relatedtests.Resultsshowednoproofthatalifetimeofusingdigitaltechnologydrivesmentaldecline.Rather,theyfoundthatusingacomputer,smartphone,theinternetorsomecombinationofthesewasassociatedwithalowerriskofcognitiveissues.However,researcherswarnthattherelationshipisn’tfullyunderstood.It’spossiblethatpeoplewithmoreincisivemindsaremorelikelytousetechnology,buttechmightalsoprovidebrain-boostingbenefits.“WethinkthethreeCsmightbeimportant:complexity,connectionandcompensatory(补偿的)behaviours,”Dr.JaredBengetoldtheGuardian.Digitaltoolscouldhelppeopleengageincomplexactivitiesandboosttheirsocialconnections,bothofwhichappearedtobegoodfortheageingbrain,hesaid.Thetechnologyalsoallowedpeopletocompensateforcognitivedeclineandfunctionmoreeasily,forexamplebyusingGPStofindtheirwayorsettingreminderstopaybillsortakemedicines,headded.Healsoemphasizedthathowdevicesareusedmatters.Passiveactivitieslikewatchingshowsmaynothelp,butmentallystimulatingtasks—learningnewapps,researchingtopics,orstayingsociallyconnected—likelyplayapositiverole.SamGilbert,aprofessorofcognitiveneuroscienceatUniversityCollegeLondon,saidthestudyshowed“aclearlink”betweendigitaltechnologyusageandpreservedcognitiveabilityinolderage.“Theexplanationforthislinkisstillnotfullyclear:wecannotbesurewhethertechnologyusageitselfpreservescognitiveability,whetherpreservedcognitiveabilityleadstomorefrequentuseoftechnology,or—mostlikely—somecombinationofthetwo.Nevertheless,thisworksuggeststhatusingdigitaltechnologycanbegoodforbrainhealth.”32.Whatcanyoulearnabout“digitaldementia”?A.Itreferstotechnology-relatedmemoryorthinkingproblems.B.Itshowstheeffectofdigitaldevicesonusers’physicalhealth.C.Itimpliesslowermentaldeclinebyusingtechnologyregularly.D.Itdescribesaspecialphenomenonofemployingdigitaldevices.33.Whatdoestheunderlineword“incisive”inparagraph2mean?A.Brilliant. B.Sharp. C.Optimistic. D.Suspicious.34.AccordingtoJaredBenge,whydoesusingdigitaldevicesbenefittheelderly?A.Itcanfreethemfromtheirsocialcontacts.B.Digitaldevicesusagecanridthemofcomplexactivities.C.Usingdigitaldevicestolearnnewskillscanstimulatetheirminds.D.Digitaldevicesusagecanboosttheirbrainfunctiontoahigherlevel.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Usingdigitaldeviceisanecessitytobraindevelopment.B.Preservedcognitiveabilityleadstousingdigitaldevices.C.Technologyusageprotectsbrainfunctionandcognitiveability.D.Moreresearchisneededtofurtherexplaintheresearchfindings.【答案】32.A33.B34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了使用智能手机和平板电脑等数字设备可能有助于保护老年人的大脑功能，而非损害它。研究挑战了关于屏幕时间导致“数字痴呆”的担忧，并分析了数字设备使用与认知能力保护之间的关系。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Thesefindings,publishedinNatureHumanBehaviour,challengeconcernsthatscreentimecauses‘digitaldementia’.(这些发表在《自然·人类行为》上的研究结果挑战了关于屏幕时间导致‘数字痴呆’的担忧)”可知，人们此前担忧屏幕时间会引发与数字设备相关的认知问题，由此可推知“digitaldementia”指的是与科技相关的记忆或思维问题。故选A项。【33题详析】词义猜测题。根据第二段“It’spossiblethatpeoplewithmoreincisivemindsaremorelikelytousetechnology,buttechmightalsoprovidebrain-boostingbenefits.(拥有更____头脑的人更可能使用科技产品，但科技也可能为大脑提供增强功能的益处)”并结合上下文语境可知，研究指出使用科技与认知能力存在关联，可推测此处指思维更“敏锐”的人更倾向于使用科技设备，incisive与sharp语义相近，意为“敏锐的”。故选B项。【34题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Passiveactivitieslikewatchingshowsmaynothelp,butmentallystimulatingtasks—learningnewapps,researchingtopics,orstayingsociallyconnected—likelyplayapositiverole.(被动活动如看节目可能没有帮助，但刺激大脑的任务——学习新应用、研究主题或保持社交联系——可能起到积极作用)”可知，JaredBenge认为使用数字设备学习新技能可以刺激老年人的思维。故选C项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theexplanationforthislinkisstillnotfullyclear:wecannotbesurewhethertechnologyusageitselfpreservescognitiveability,whetherpreservedcognitiveabilityleadstomorefrequentuseoftechnology,or–mostlikely–somecombinationofthetwo.(这种关联的解释仍不完全明确：我们无法确定究竟是科技使用本身有助于保持认知能力，还是保持的认知能力导致更频繁地使用科技，亦或——最有可能的是——两者的某种结合)”可知，虽然研究显示了数字技术使用与认知能力保留之间的联系，但具体机制尚未完全明确，需要更多研究来进一步解释这一发现。故选D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Themeasurementmostoftenusedtoassessagoodnight’ssleepisthenumberofhoursofshuteyeweget.Andofcourse,gettingplentyofsleepisdefinitelyimportant.____36____That’saccordingtoanewstudypublishedinthejournalSleep.____37____Evenpeoplewhomanagetosleepconsistentlyforseventoeighthourseachnight,butwhokeepirregularschedules,areatahigherriskofstrokes,heartattacksandcancerthanthosewhosleptfewerhours,butmaintainedamoreconsistentschedule.____38____Thefindingsofthestudyshowthatthosewhogotundersixhoursofsleep,orovernine,eachnightwereatanincreasedrisk,too.Researchersanalyzedsleepdatafromalmost61,000peopleintheUKBiobank,abiomedicaldatabasetrackingthehealthofhalfamillionpeopleintheUK.____39____Usingadvancedalgorithms(算法)tostudysleeppatternsandtrackingpeople’sdeathratesoveranaverageof6.3years,theyidentifiedthefactorslinkedtoahigherriskofearlydeath.Overall,thepeoplewhohadthemostconsistentsleep-waketimeshaduptoa48-per-centlowerriskofall-cause