江西省新余市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试卷（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省新余市2024-2025学年高二下学期期末质量检测英语试卷第一部分：听力（略）第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALonelyPlanet’sTopPlacestoGoin2024Areyoulookingforinspirationforyournexttraveldestination?LonelyPlanethaspublisheditsyearlylistoftopplacestogo.Let’sexplorethetoppicksfortraveldestinationsin2024.TopCity:NairobiNairobi,theKenyancapital,waschosenforitsuniquemusicanddanceculture,andimpressivelocalrestaurants.NairobiNationalPark,justashortdriveoutofthecity’scentralbusinessdistrict,isamust-see,wherevisitorscanseeover400speciesofwildanimalswanderingtheopengrassplainswhileskyscrapers(摩天大楼)twinkleonthehorizon.TopCountry:MongoliaMongoliaislovedforitswide-openspaces,adventureactivities,anduniquefood.TheMongoliangovernmenthasannounced2023through2025asthe“YearstoVisitMongolia,”easingentryconditionsforinternationaltravelersandimprovingpublicfacilities,includinganew$650millionairport.TopBeachDestination:DonegalDonegal,Ireland’smostnorthwesterncounty,hasthecountry’slongestcoastlineandover100beaches,wherevisitorscanenjoythehighestseacliffsinEuropeandmilesofbeautifulcoastalhikingtrails.TopBest-ValueLocation:TheAmericanMidwestTheAmericanMidwest,includingthecitiesofChicagoandDetroit,isalsoonthelist,asitoffersahigh-qualitytravelexperienceatareasonablecost.Visitorscanenjoyexcellentservicesandfacilities,suchasoldwarehousestransformedintoartstudios,neweco-designhotels,andMichelin-starredrestaurants,withouthavingtospendtoomuchmoney.1.WhatcanpeopledoinNairobiNationalPark?A.Seevariouswildlife. B.Exploreseacliffs.C.Wandergrassplains. D.Enjoyadventureactivities.2.Whichdestinationisthebestchoiceforabeachlover?A.Nairobi. B.Mongolia.C.Donegal. D.TheAmericanMidwest.3.WhyisTheAmericanMidwestconsideredtheBest-ValueLocation?A.Ithassimplifiedentryprocedures.B.Itofferscost-effectiveexperiences.C.Ithasthelongestcoastlineintheworld.D.ItprovidesMichelin-starredrestaurants.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章是关于《孤独星球》公布的2024年度最佳旅游目的地榜单。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“NairobiNationalPark,justashortdriveoutofthecity’scentralbusinessdistrict,isamust-see,wherevisitorscanseeover400speciesofwildanimalswanderingtheopengrassplainswhileskyscrapers(摩天大楼)twinkleonthehorizon.(内罗毕国家公园，离城市的中央商务区只有很短的车程，是一个不容错过的地方，在那里游客可以看到400多种野生动物在开阔的草原上游荡，摩天大楼在地平线上闪闪发光)”可知，在内罗毕国家公园可以看到各种各样的野生动物。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Donegal,Ireland’smostnorthwesterncounty,hasthecountry’slongestcoastlineandover100beaches,wherevisitorscanenjoythehighestseacliffsinEuropeandmilesofbeautifulcoastalhikingtrails.(多尼戈尔是爱尔兰最西北的县，拥有全国最长的海岸线和100多个海滩，游客可以在那里欣赏到欧洲最高的海崖和数英里的美丽海岸徒步小径)”可知，海滩爱好者的最佳选择是多尼戈尔。故选C。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“TheAmericanMidwest,includingthecitiesofChicagoandDetroit,isalsoonthelist,asitoffersahigh-qualitytravelexperienceatareasonablecost.(包括芝加哥和底特律在内的美国中西部城市也榜上有名，因为它以合理的成本提供了高质量的旅行体验)”可知，美国中西部被认为是最具性价比的地方，是因为它提供具有成本效益的体验。故选B。BAcrosstheworld,humanspurchasearound1.3billionsingle-useplasticwaterbottlesaday.Becauseonlyabout9%ofplasticisrecycled,thevastmajorityofthosebottleswindupinlandfills,theocean,orelsewhereinnature.Whenbeach-lovingMadisonnoticedthoseplasticbottleslitteringtheshorelineduringherfamily’stripstoCalifornia,the12-year-old“justfeltlikethisneededtochange,”shetoldSmithsonianMagazine.Soasshebeganthinkingaboutwhattodoforherschoolsciencefair,backin2021,theideaofaprojectcenteredonreducingplasticpollutionquicklycametohermind:ShewoulddesignaneatablewaterbottlecalledtheEco-Hero.“Oneofmybiggestambitionsformyprojectwaswantingtohelptheworld,”theconfidentyounginventorsaidinavideoonawebsite.Tobringherideatolife,Madisonbuiltuponalreadyestablishedmethodsbyexperimentingwithcommonfoodmaterials.Shealsotookinspirationfrompreviousversionsofeatablewaterbottles,thoughshefocusedonmakinghersbiggerandmoredurable.Shefoundthatthecombinationofwater,lemonjuice,naturalgum,andalginicacid(褐藻酸)resultedinagelpouchthatwouldn’tbreak,couldholdupto3/4cupofwater,andwouldlastinthefridgeforthreeweeks.Thoughshe’dliketoimprovetheEco-Herobymakingitabletoholdmorewater,shebelieveshercurrentversionwouldworkwellasareplacementforthepapercupsusedbyrunnersinraces.Alloneneedstodoisbiteaholeinthewaterball,drinkthewater,andtheneatthepouchorthrowitawaytobiodegrade.MadisonhopestheEco-Heroinspiresotherstotakebettercareoftheplanet.“Itdoesn’tnecessarilyhavetobeinabigway,”shetoldSmithsonianMagazine.“Peoplecanstillmakeadifferenceintheworld,evenifit’sjustinasmallway.”4.WhatinspiredMadison’sdesignofaneatablewaterbottle?A.Herschool’stask. B.Herfamily’surge.C.Hertripstothebeach. D.Herlovefornature.5.WhatcanweknowabouttheEco-Hero?A.Itisacopyofthepreviousversions.B.Itismadefromunbreakablematerials.C.Ithasaholeandshouldbedisposedofonceused.D.Itisanimprovementinsizeanddurability.6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMadison?A.Talentedanddetermined. B.Ambitiousandcreative.C.Courageousandconfident. D.Cooperativeandcommitted.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Smallpeoplemakebigmoves. B.Agoodbeginningishalfdone.C.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway. D.Self-helpisthebesthelp.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了12岁的Madison因为看到海滩上被丢弃的塑料瓶而受到启发，决定设计一种可食用的水瓶Eco-Hero，以减少塑料污染的故事。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Whenbeach-lovingMadisonnoticedthoseplasticbottleslitteringtheshorelineduringherfamily’stripstoCalifornia,the12-year-old“justfeltlikethisneededtochange,”shetoldSmithsonianMagazine.(当热爱海滩的Madison和家人去加利福尼亚旅行时，注意到海岸线上散落着这些塑料瓶，这位12岁的女孩告诉《史密森尼杂志》：“我只是觉得这种情况需要改变。”)”可知，Madison在加州海滩旅行时，目睹塑料瓶污染海岸线，从而萌生改变的想法。这一经历直接启发了她设计可食用水瓶的项目。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Shealsotookinspirationfrompreviousversionsofeatablewaterbottles,thoughshefocusedonmakinghersbiggerandmoredurable.(她还从之前版本的可食用水瓶中汲取灵感，但更专注于让自己的设计容量更大、更耐用。)”可知，Madison在设计Eco-Hero时，着重提升了容量和耐用性，这是对之前版本的改进。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第四段““Oneofmybiggestambitionsformyprojectwaswantingtohelptheworld,”theconfidentyounginventorsaidinavideoonawebsite.(“我对这个项目最大的期望之一是帮助世界。”这位自信的年轻发明家在一个网站的视频中说道。)”可知，Madison是个有抱负的人；再根据文章第五段“Tobringherideatolife,Madisonbuiltuponalreadyestablishedmethodsbyexperimentingwithcommonfoodmaterials.Shealsotookinspirationfrompreviousversionsofeatablewaterbottles,thoughshefocusedonmakinghersbiggerandmoredurable.Shefoundthatthecombinationofwater,lemonjuice,naturalgum,andalginicacid(褐藻酸)resultedinagelpouchthatwouldn’tbreak,couldholdupto3/4cupofwater,andwouldlastinthefridgeforthreeweeks.(为了将想法变为现实，Madison借鉴已有的方法，用常见的食品材料进行实验。她还从之前版本的可食用水瓶中汲取灵感，但更专注于让自己的设计容量更大、更耐用。她发现，水、柠檬汁、天然树胶和褐藻酸的组合能制成一种凝胶袋，不仅不会破裂，可容纳3/4杯的水，还能在冰箱中保存三周。)”可知，Madison以常见食品材料设计出可食用水瓶，改进传统方案，体现创新思维。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，全文讲述12岁女孩Madison因目睹海滩塑料污染，设计可食用水瓶“Eco-Hero”以减少污染的故事。她以个人的小小行动带来环保启示，呼应“即使微小举动也能改变世界”的主题。选项A“Smallpeoplemakebigmoves.(小人物成就大作为)”贴合Madison作为普通青少年，通过创新项目推动环保的核心情节，“bigmoves”既指她的发明，也暗指其环保影响力，适合做本文标题。故选A。CMoreAmericanbusinessesarestartingtouseartificialintelligence(AI)toolstocomeupwithnewideasandtodealwithcustomers.Mattelisknownformakingchildren’stoys.ThecompanyrecentlyusedanAIimagegenerator(生成器)calledDALL-EtocomeupwithideasfornewHotWheelstoycars.TheusedvehiclesellerCarMaxisusingChatGPTtogatherthousandsofcustomercomments.ThesocialmediaserviceSnapchathasaddedachatbot(聊天机器人)toitsmessagingservice.AndInstacart,adeliveryservice,nowusesChatGPTtoanswerfoodquestions.EventheCoca-ColacompanyplanstouseAItohelpcreatenewmarketingcontent.Ithasnotsaidexactlyhowitplanstousethetechnology.Butthemoveshowsthatbusinessesareunderpressuretousethetoolsthatmanyoftheiremployeesandcustomersarealreadytryingontheirown.Someexpertswarnthatbusinessesshouldcarefullyconsiderpossibleharmstocustomers,society,andtheirowncompaniesbeforechoosingtouseAItoolsintheworkplace.ChaireLeibowiczworksatThePartnershiponAI,anonprofitgroup.ThegrouprecentlyreleasedrecommendationsforcompaniesproducingAI-generatedimages,audioandothermedia.“Iwantpeopletothinkdeeplybeforedeployingthistechnology,”Leibowiczsaid.“Theyshouldplayaround...butweshouldalsothink,whatpurposearethesetoolsservinginthefirstplace?”WhiletextgeneratorslikeChatGPTcanmaketheprocessofwritingemailsandmarketingdocumentsfasterandeasier,theyalsoappeartopresentmisinformationasfact.AndimagegeneratorslikeDALL-Earetrainedincopyingwidelyavailabledigitalartandphotography.Thishasraisecopyright(版权)concernsfromthecreatorsofthoseworks.“ItissafertouseAItoolsasa‘thoughtpartner‘butstillpeopleasthecreatoroffinalproducts.”saidAnnaGressel.SheworksatthelawcompanyDebevoise&.Plimpton,whichadvisesbusinessesonhowtouseAI.8.WhichcompanymadecreativeproductswithAItools’help?A.Mattel. B.Instacart. C.CarMax. D.Snapchat.9.Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A.Customersaremoreandmoreconnectedonline.B.AItoolsarewidelyusedtohelpbusinessesgrow.C.PeoplespendtoomuchtimeonAIintheirdailylife.D.AItoolshaveaninfluenceonimprovingbusinessconditions.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“deploying”inParagraph3mean?A.Applyingeffectively. B.Improvingsuccessfully.C.Debatingfreely. D.Presentingconfidently.11.WhatdoesAnnaGresselthinkofAItools?A.Theyareuseless. B.Theycancreatemoreproducts.C.Theydoseriousharmtocustomers. D.Theyshouldjustbehumans’assistants.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人工智能工具在美国的流行使用及社会各界对此现象的观点与看法。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThecompanyrecentlyusedanAIimagegenerator(生成器)calledDALL-EtocomeupwithideasfornewHotWheelstoycars.(该公司近期利用一款名为“DALL-E”的人工智能图像生成器，为新款“热轮”玩具车构思了设计方案)”可知,儿童玩具公司Mattel最近利用人工智能图片生成器DALL-E为新的风火轮玩具车提供创意，也就是说，该玩具公司在人工智能的帮助下生产出富有创意的产品。故选A。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Mattelisknownformakingchildren’stoys.ThecompanyrecentlyusedanAIimagegenerator(生成器)calledDALL-EtocomeupwithideasfornewHotWheelstoycars.TheusedvehiclesellerCarMaxisusingChatGPTtogatherthousandsofcustomercomments.ThesocialmediaserviceSnapchathasaddedachatbot(聊天机器人)toitsmessagingservice.AndInstacart,adeliveryservice,nowusesChatGPTtoanswerfoodquestions.EventheCoca-ColacompanyplanstouseAItohelpcreatenewmarketingcontent.Ithasnotsaidexactlyhowitplanstousethetechnology.(美泰公司以生产儿童玩具而闻名。该公司最近使用了一种名为DALL-E的人工智能图像生成器来为新的风火轮玩具车提供创意。二手车销售商CarMax正在使用ChatGPT收集数千条客户评论。社交媒体服务Snapchat在其即时通讯服务中增加了一个聊天机器人。外卖服务Instacart现在使用ChatGPT来回答有关食物的问题。甚至可口可乐公司也计划使用人工智能来帮助创造新的营销内容。该公司尚未明确表示计划如何使用这项技术)”可知，人工智能工具被广泛应用，助推企业发展。故选B。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Someexpertswarnthatbusinessesshouldcarefullyconsiderpossibleharmstocustomers,society,andtheirowncompaniesbeforechoosingtouseAItoolsintheworkplace.(一些专家警告说，在选择在工作场所使用人工智能工具之前，企业应该仔细考虑对客户、社会和自己公司可能造成的危害)”及本句““Iwantpeopletothinkdeeplybeforedeployingthistechnology,”Leibowiczsaid.(“我希望人们在deploying这项技术之前能深思熟虑，”莱博维茨说)”可知，专家与Leibowicz都是在针对人工智能技术的利用提建议。由此推知，画线单词deploying意为“有效利用”。故选A。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ItissafertouseAItoolsasa‘thoughtpartner‘butstillpeopleasthecreatoroffinalproducts.(使用人工智能工具作为“思想伙伴”更安全，但人类仍然是最终产品的创造者)”可知，AnnaGressel的话旨在说明人类应该是技术的主宰者，是最终产品的创造者，技术只是帮助人类的“思想伙伴”而已。所以人工智能工具只是人类的助手。故选D。DThousandsoffishspecies-about2,500ofthemnamed-calltheAmazonRiverhome,butscientistsestimatenearlyhalfofthemarinecreatureslurkinginthemassivestretchofwaterremainundiscovered.Whilestudyingpiranhas(食人鱼)andpacus(淡水白鲳)inanefforttobetterassessvitalfishbiodiversityintheriver,aninternationalteamofresearchershasfoundandidentifiedanewspeciesofpacu,apiranharelativewithaplant-baseddietandhumanliketeeth.Besidesitsoddpearlywhites,thenewfoundspecieshasstrikingorangeandblackmarkings-includingaboldverticalblackbarstretchingacrossitsflank(侧面)-thattheresearcherssayresemblethefieryeyesymbolforthevillainSauronfrom“TheLordoftheRings”bookandfilmseries.Themarksinspiredthefish’sname,Myloplussauron.TheresearchershopedthepopculturereferencewoulddrawattentiontothefishandeffortstoprotectbiodiversityintheAmazon.Theeye-catchingfishisnottheonlyanimalnamedforSauron.AgenusofbutterflieswasfoundinMay2023withspotsthatlookedlikeeyesonitswings,remindingresearchersofthewell-knownsymbolfromthetrilogy(三部曲).Pacusareimportanttotheirecosystemlargelyduetotheirroleinspreadingseedsthroughtheirdietofmostlyfruit,whichmakethemvitalforthegrowthofrainforesttreesandotherplants.Thefishtendtospreadseedsfarfromtheirparentplants,helpingtoexpandtheforestandlimitdiseasethateasilyspreadsthroughcrowdedtrees,saidMatthewKolmann,anassistantprofessorinthedepartmentofbiologyattheUniversityofLouisville.Bydiscoveringandidentifyingthespeciesthatliveincertainecosystems,researcherswillbeabletobetterleadconservationeffortstoprotectanimalsthatareendangeredoratrisk,Kolmannsaid.ItisparticularlyimportantforareassuchastheAmazonthatareunderthreatfromhabitatdestruction,headded.“Weruntheveryrealriskoflosingthousands,ifnothundredsofthousands,ofspeciesbeforeweknowtheyevenexist,andbyproxy,noteverunderstandinghowthesespeciescontributetoahealthyfunctioningecosystem,”Kolmannsaid.“Inventoryingwhatspeciesarefoundwhere,andwhen,isthefirststepinanyfutureconservationeffort.”12.WhydoesscientistsinvestigatepiranhasandpacusintheAmazonRiver?A.Toidentifyfishmultiplicity.B.Torecognizeakindofnewfish.C.Topreventfishesfromhurtingpeople.D.Toinspirevarieddietonpeopleallovertheworld.13.WhatcanwelearnfromthegenusofbutterfliesmentionedinParagraph4?A.Theyarebiologicallysimilartothepiranhas.B.Theyengagetheresearchers’interestinthetrilogy.C.Theyhavefieryeyesontheirwingsindicatingpoison.D.Theygettheirnameforthesamereasonwithsomefish.14.Whatroledopacusplayintherainforest?A.Promotingthebiodiversityamonganimalsandplants.B.Maintainingthesustainabilityofrainforestecosystem.C.Consumingfruitsfromrainforesttreestoprotectotherplants.D.Removingthediseasespreadingthroughtreesduetocrowdedness.15.Whatisthemaintaskoftheresearcherscurrently?A.Thepreventionofspeciesloss.B.TheconservationoftheAmazon.C.Theinclusionofthefoundspecies.D.Theprotectionofpiranhasandpacus.【答案】12.A13.D14.B15.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一个国际研究小组在亚马逊流域发现并鉴定了一种新的淡水白鲳物种，这是一种食人鱼的近亲，该物种对于热带雨林有着重要的生态意义。【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段内容“Whilestudyingpiranhas(食人鱼)andpacus(淡水白鲳)inanefforttobetterassessvitalfishbiodiversityintheriver,aninternationalteamofresearchershasfoundandidentifiedanewspeciesofpacu,apiranharelativewithaplant-baseddietandhumanliketeeth.(在研究食人鱼和淡水白鲳以更好地评估河流中重要鱼类生物多样性的同时，一个国际研究小组发现并鉴定了一种新的淡水白鲳物种，这是一种以植物为基础饮食和类人牙齿的食人鱼亲戚。)”可知，研究食人鱼和淡水白鲳是为了更好地评估河流中重要鱼类生物的多样性，由此可知，科学家调查亚马逊河中的食人鱼和淡水白鲳是为了确认鱼类的多样性。故选A项。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段关键句“Themarksinspiredthefish’sname,Myloplussauron.(这些标记启发了这条鱼的名字Myloplussauron。)”和第四段内容“Theeye-catchingfishisnottheonlyanimalnamedforSauron.AgenusofbutterflieswasfoundinMay2023withspotsthatlookedlikeeyesonitswings,remindingresearchersofthewell-knownsymbolfromthetrilogy(三部曲).(这种引人注目的鱼并不是唯一以索伦命名的动物。2023年5月，人们发现了一种蝴蝶属，翅膀上有看起来像眼睛的斑点，这让研究人员想起了三部曲中著名的符号。)”可知，Myloplussauron因其标记而被命名，这种蝴蝶属的鱼也是因为这个原因而被命名的，由此可知，我们可以从第4段提到的蝴蝶属中了解到它们得名的原因和一些鱼一样。故选D项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段关键句“Pacusareimportanttotheirecosystemlargelyduetotheirroleinspreadingseedsthroughtheirdietofmostlyfruit,whichmakethemvitalforthegrowthofrainforesttreesandotherplants.(淡水白鲳对其生态系统很重要，主要是因为它们通过以水果为主的饮食传播种子，这使得它们对雨林树木和其他植物的生长至关重要。)”可知，淡水白鲳对雨林生态系统很重要，它们对雨林树木和其他植物的生长至关重要，由此可知，淡水白鲳能够保持雨林生态系统的可持续性。故选B项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段关键句“Inventoryingwhatspeciesarefoundwhere,andwhen,isthefirststepinanyfutureconservationeffort.(清点在何时何地发现的物种是未来任何保护工作的第一步。)”可知，未来任何保护工作的第一步是清点在何时何地发现的物种，由此可知，研究人员目前的主要任务是记录已发现的物种。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HardWorkVsSmartWorkThedifferencebetweenhardworkandsmartworkishowagoalisachieved.Hardworkmeansspendinglonghourstocompleteajobwithoutanyshortcut.Smartworkachievesthesameresultsbutwithadvancedplanningandcreativethinking.____16____However,iftheyworkintelligently,theycandothesameamountofworkmorequicklyandefficiently.Togofromhardworktosmartwork,itisimportanttothinkbeforeacting.____17____Inthisway,youcanreachyourgoalfasterwhenyoutaketherelevant,action.Smartworkersareawarethatgoodpreparationandflexibilityintheprocesscansavealotofworktimelater.Startthinking:Isthereabetterwaytodothings?Whattoolsdoyouneedtofacilitatethework?____18____Learnhowtoassignthemtosomeonewhohasasharptool.Butforthethingsyoureallywanttomaster,makeitaprioritytosharpenyourtoolbeyondwhatyouneedtocut.____19____Togofromhardworktosmartwork,youneedtoacquireskillsbystudying,reading,andpracticing.Yourskillsandlifeexperienceswillsaveyoutimeinthelongrun.Soifyoufeellikeyouareworkinghardbutnotgettingwhatyouwant,itmeansyouarenotworkingsmartenough.Workhardatyourjob,andyoucanmakealiving.____20____Workingonyourselfmeansimprovingyourskills.Themoreskillsyouhave,themoreyouwillearnwithlesseffort.Workhardtogetthoseskillsnow.A.Inthiscase,yourtoolisyourmind.B.Smartworkrequirescarefulpreparation.C.Itcannotbedeniedthatpeoplemustworkhard.D.Workingsmartisusingtoolstoincreaseefficiency.E.Donotwastetimedoingthingsyouarenotgreatat.F.Workhardonyourself,andyoucanmakeafortune.G.It’simportanttobalanceworkinghardandworkingsmart.【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.A20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了努力工作与聪明工作之间的区别和如何聪明工作。【16题详析】根据后文“However,iftheyworkintelligently,theycandothesameamountofworkmorequicklyandefficiently.(然而，如果他们能聪明地工作，就能以更快、更高效的方式完成同样多的工作)”可知，后文与本句构成转折关系，推测本句是在说明努力工作的情况，后文提出以更快、更高效的方式完成同样多的工作。故C选项“无可否认的是，人们必须努力工作”符合语境，故选C。【17题详析】根据上文“Togofromhardworktosmartwork,itisimportanttothinkbeforeacting.(要从苦干转变为巧干，那么在行动之前进行思考就显得尤为重要)”以及后文“Inthisway,youcanreachyourgoalfasterwhenyoutaketherelevant,action.Smartworkersareawarethatgoodpreparationandflexibilityintheprocesscansavealotofworktimelater.Startthinking:Isthereabetterwaytodothings?Whattoolsdoyouneedtofacilitatethework?(通过这种方式，当你采取相应的行动时，就能更快地达成目标。聪明的工作者明白，在这个过程中做好充分的准备并保持灵活性，日后能够节省大量的工作时间。开始思考：有没有更好的做事方法？你需要哪些工具来辅助工作？)”可知，后文提到聪明的工作者会做好充足的准备，B选项preparation对应后文preparation。故B选项“聪明的工作需要精心的准备”符合语境，故选B。【18题详析】根据后文“Learnhowtoassignthemtosomeonewhohasasharptool.Butforthethingsyoureallywanttomaster,makeitaprioritytosharpenyourtoolbeyondwhatyouneedtocut.(了解如何将它们交给拥有精良工具的人。但对于你真正想掌握的事物，务必优先将工具打磨到超出使用所需的程度)”可知，后文提到“交给拥有精良工具的人”，即学会分配时间，不要去做不擅长的事情。故E选项“不要浪费时间去做你并不擅长的事情”符合语境，故选E。【19题详析】根据上文“Butforthethingsyoureallywanttomaster,makeitaprioritytosharpenyourtoolbeyondwhatyouneedtocut.(但对于你真正想掌握的事物，务必优先将工具打磨到超出使用所需的程度)”以及后文“Togofromhardworktosmartwork,youneedtoacquireskillsbystudying,reading,andpracticing.Yourskillsandlifeexperienceswillsaveyoutimeinthelongrun.(要从努力工作转变为高效工作，你需要通过学习、阅读和实践来获取技能。从长远来看，你的技能和生活经验会为你节省大量时间)”可知，上文提到要磨练自己的工具，本句承接上文，总结工具的作用。故A选项“在这种情况下，你的工具就是你的大脑”符合语境，故选A。【20题详析】根据上文“Workhardatyourjob,andyoucanmakealiving.(努力工作，你就能维持生计)”可知，本句承接上文，进一步说明获得财富需要的条件。故F选项“努力提升自己，你就能获得财富”符合语境，故选F。第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题，每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sarahsatinheroffice,carefullyreviewingthefinancial(财务)recordsofhersmallcompany.Shesuddenlydiscoveredahidden____21____intheinvoice(费用清单)fromoneofhersuppliers.Thesupplierhadmistakenly____22____herforasubstantialorderofgoods,whichwouldresultinasignificantfinancialgainforSarahifleftunnoticed.Sarahfoundherselffacedwithadifficult____23____.Theextrafundscouldprovideamuch-neededboosttoher____24____business.However,deepdown,sheknewshewouldthink____25____ofherselfifkeepingitasecretorpretendingnottoknowit.Shecouldn’tlivewitha(an)____26____selfandshehadtomaketherightdecisionevenifit____27____thelossofachanceforherdepressingcompanytogrow.Thinkingofthis,Sarahpickedupthephoneandcalledthesupplier,politely____28____himofthemistakeandofferingtopaythe____29____amount.Thesupplier,____30____byherfrankness,agreedtorenewtheinvoice.WordofSarah’s____31____spreadrapidlyandsheearned____32____ofthebusinesscommunity.Soonherbusinessbegantotakeoff.Theincidentservedasaconstant____33____toSarahoftheimportanceofmoralconductinfaceofsetbacks.Itfacilitatedherbeliefinthepowerofhonestytobuild____34____relationshipsinacompetitivebusinessenvironment.Honestyisnotonlyavirtuebuta(an)____35____ofajustandtrustworthysociety.21.A.file B.error C.treasure D.diary22.A.undercharged B.underestimated C.overpaid D.overtook23.A.contest B.process C.task D.choice24.A.illegal B.influential C.struggling D.outstanding25.A.merely B.favorably C.seriously D.poorly26.A.shameless B.ungrateful C.impolite D.unbeatable27.A.guaranteed B.meant C.delayed D.prevented28.A.informing B.warning C.convincing D.suspecting29.A.guessed B.donated C.owed D.assessed30.A.amused B.concerned C.annoyed D.surprised31.A.wisdom B.integrity C.justice D.ambition32.A.admiration B.promotion C.forgiveness D.fortune33.A.source B.complaint C.reminder D.challenge34.A.complex B.indirect C.lasting D.temporary35.A.alternative B.cornerstone C.turningpoint D.consequence【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.D26.A27.B28.A29.C30.D31.B32.A33.C34.C35.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述由于Sarah的正直让她赢得了商界的支持，也使得她的生意开始腾飞。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她突然发现她的一个供应商在发票中有一个隐藏的错误。A.file文件；B.error错误；C.treasure财宝；D.diary日记。由下文“Thesupplierhadmistakenly”可知，这里指Sarah发现了供应商的一个“错误”。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：供应商错误地向Sarah少收了大量货物的费用，如果不注意的话，这将给Sarah带来巨大的经济收益。A.undercharged少收钱的；B.underestimated被低估的；C.overpaid多付的；D.overtook突然降临的。由下文“whichwouldresultinasignificantfinancialgainforSarahifleftunnoticed”可知，这里指供应商错误地“少收钱”了。故选A项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：萨拉发现自己面临着一个艰难的选择。A.contest比赛；B.process过程；C.task任务；D.choice选择。由下文“shehadtomaketherightdecision”可知，这里指Sarah不得不做“选择”。故选D项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：额外的资金可以为她苦苦挣扎的生意提供急需的推动力。A.illegal违法的；B.influential有影响力的；C.struggling挣扎的；D.outstanding优秀的。由下文“herdepressingcompany”可知，这里指Sarah“挣扎的”生意。故选C项。【25题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在内心深处，她知道如果保守秘密或假装不知道，她会看不起自己。A.merely仅仅；B.favorably有利地；C.seriously严重地；D.poorly糟糕地。由下文“keepingitasecretorpretendingnottoknowit”可知，这里指Sarah如果假装不知道，她将会内心过不去，看不起自己。而thinkpoorlyof表“轻视，看不起”，符合语境。故选D项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不能忍受无耻的自己，她必须做出正确的决定，即使这意味着她萧条的公司失去了发展的机会。A.shameless无耻的；B.ungrateful忘恩负义的； C.impolite不礼貌的；D.unbeatable不可战胜的。由上文“keepingitasecretorpretendingnottoknowit”可知，这里指Sarah认为如果自己这样做，会让自己感到“无耻的”。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不能忍受无耻的自己，她必须做出正确的决定，即使这意味着她萧条的公司失去了发展的机会。A.guaranteed保证；B.meant意味着；C.delayed延迟；D.prevented阻止。由下文“thelossofachanceforherdepressingcompanytogrow”以及语境可知，这里指Sarah准备告诉供应商真相，即使这“意味着”她事业发展机会的损失。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到这里，Sarah拿起电话打电话给供应商，礼貌地告诉他这个错误，并提出支付欠款。A.informing通知，告知；B.warning警告；C.convincing令人信服；D.suspecting怀疑。由下文“herfrankness”可知，这里指Sarah“告知”供应商真相。故选A项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：想到这里，Sarah拿起电话打电话给供应商，礼貌地告诉他这个错误，并提出支付欠款。A.guessed猜测；B.donated捐赠；C.owed欠；D.assessed评估。由上文“Thesupplierhadmistakenlyherforasubstantialorderofgoods”可知，这里指Sarah提出支付“欠的”款。故选C项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：供应商对她的坦率感到惊讶，同意续订发票。A.amused逗乐的；B.concerned关心的；C.annoyed惹恼的；D.surprised惊讶的。由下文“herfrankness”可知，这里指供应商为Sarah的坦率而“感到惊讶”。故选D项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sarah正直的消息迅速传开，她赢得了商界的支持。A.wisdom智慧；B.integrity正直；C.justice法官；D.ambition雄心。由上文“Sarahpickedupthephoneandcalledthesupplier”以及语境可知，这里指Sarah“正直的”消息。故选B项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Sarah正直的消息迅速传开，她赢得了商界的钦佩。A.admiration钦佩；B.promotion促进；C.forgiveness宽恕；D.fortune财富。由下文“Soonherbusinessbegantotakeoff”以及语境可知，这里指Sarah赢得商界的“钦佩”，从而自己的事业也开始腾飞了。故选A项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一事件不断提醒萨拉，面对挫折，道德行为的重要性。A.source来源；B.complaint投诉；C.reminder提醒；D.challenge挑战。由下文“theimportanceofmoralconduct”以及语境可知，这里指这件事“提醒”Sarah道德行为的重要性。故选C项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这有助于她相信诚实的力量，在竞争激烈的商业环境中建立持久的关系。A.complex复杂的；B.indirect间接的；C.lasting持久的；D.temporary短暂的。由下文“relationshipsinacompetitivebusinessenvironment”以及语境可知，这里表示在商业中，诚实是建立“持久的”关系的关键。故选C项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：诚实不仅是一种美德，也是一个公正和值得信赖的社会的基石。A.alternative备选方案；B.cornerstone基石；C.turningpoint转折点；D.consequence结果。由下文“ofajustandtrustworthysociety”以及语境可知，这里指诚实是我们这社会存在的“基石”。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Brocade(织锦)isarichanddecorativematerial,oftenmadeofcoloredsilk,withdelicatepatternsonit.Chinahasavarietyofbrocades,____36____(primary)Shu,Song,YunandZhuangbrocades.Chengdu,withareputation____37____the“LandofAbundance”,hasalonghistoryofbrocadeart.SinceSichuaniscalled“Shu”forshort,thebrocade____38____(produce)inChengdu,thecapitalcityofSichuan,iscalledShubrocade.TheearliestrecordsofShubrocadearefromtheSpringandAutumnperiod.BytheWarringStatesperiod,Shubrocade____39____(treasure)widely,becominganimportantexportproduct.ThusChengduservedasthestartingpointofthefamousSouthernSilkRoad,____40____playedanimportantroleinconnectingChinawiththeoutsideworld.DuringtheHandynasty,Sichuansilkclothbecamesopopulartha