山东省济宁市兖州区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省济宁市兖州区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AAreyouinterestedinhowmarine(海洋的)ecosystemswork?Doyouwanttoknowmoreaboutmarineanimals?BowlingGreenStateUniversity(BGSU)hasoneofthefewcampsintheMidwestwherehighschoolstudentscanexplorelifeatsea!CampDates:June8-13、2025Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?·FieldtripstolocationsaroundNorthwestOhiotoexaminemarinelifeandenvironments·Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen(标本)collectionprocedures·Designandrunanexperimentinourresearchlab·Behind-the-scenetriptotheToledoZootolearnaboutmarineanimals·MeetprofessionalstolearnwhatitmeanstobeamarinescientistWhatdoesthecostcover?TheBGSUMarineBiologycampwillofferbothresidentialandnon-residentialoptions.Thecostofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.ApplicationRequirements·Letterofrecommendation·Completetheonlineform·Completeresponsestoshort-answerquestionsNote:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.ApplicationDeadlines·March2,2025—Tobeconsideredforearlyadmission.ApplicantswillbeinformedbyMarch14.·April25.2025—GeneralApplicationDeadline.Note:Allspacesmayfillafterselectionfromtheearlyadmissiondeadline.21.Whatdoesthecampoffer?A.Samplegatheringpractice.B.Fieldtripstonaturemuseums.C.Researchlabmembership.D.Lecturesonmarineknowledge.22.Whatistheearlyadmissioncostfortheresidentialoption?A.$400. B.$765.C.$1,125. D.$1,250.23.Whichofthefollowingwillresultinanapplicant’sdisqualification?A.Forgettingtoconfirmadmission.B.Providingresponsesgivenbyothers.C.Missingtheearlyapplicationdeadline.D.Failingtorecommendotherapplicants.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了鲍林格林州立大学的夏令营，高中生可以在那里探索海上生活。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据“Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?(营员们可以参加哪些活动？)”部分中“Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen(标本)collectionprocedures(实践标本收集程序)”可知，该夏令营提供标本收集练习，故选A。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据“Whatdoesthecostcover?(费用包括什么？)”部分中“Thecostofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.(非住宿项目的费用为850美元，住宿项目的额外费用为400美元。项目总费用包括食宿费、实验室和活动的所有材料以及实地考察的交通费。提前加入可享受九折优惠)”可知，住宿项目总费用为850+400=1250美元，提前加入可以享受九折优惠，即1250×90%=1125美元，故选C。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据“ApplicationRequirements(申请要求)”部分中“Note:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.(注：由申请人以外的人提供的问题的答案将取消申请资格)”可知，提供别人给出的答案会导致申请人被取消资格，故选B。BLikemanynewgraduates,IleftuniversityfullofhopeforthefuturebutwithnorealideaofwhatIwantedtodo.Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.IknewIwantedtomakeadifferenceintheworldsomehow,butIhadnoideahowtodothat.That’swhenIlearnedabouttheLighthouseProject.IstartedmyjourneyasaLighthouseProjectvolunteerbyreadingasmuchasIcouldabouttheexperiencesofpreviousvolunteers.Iknewitwouldbealotofhardwork,andthatIwouldbeawayfrommyfamilyandfriendsforaverylongtime.Inshort,IdidnottakemydecisiontoapplyfortheLighthouseProjectlightly.Neitherdidmyfamily.Eventually,however,Iwonthesupportofmyfamily,andIsentinallthepaperworkneededforapplication.Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.Severalmonthslater,Ifinallyreceivedacallaskingmetoreportforduty.IwouldbegoingtoasmallvillagenearAbuja,Nigeria.Where?What?Nigeria?Ihadnoidea.ButIwasabouttofindout.Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,food,andheartsasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.ButIsometimesthinkIlearnedmorefrommystudentsthantheydidfromme.Sometimeduringthatperiod,Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid,thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage,andreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.24.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.HefelthonoredtostudyEnglishliterature.B.Hetookprideinhavingcontributedtotheworld.C.Hisdreamatuniversitywastobecomeavolunteer.D.Hisuniversityeducationfocusedontheoreticalknowledge.25.Howwasthewriter’sapplicationprocess?A.Awkward. B.Entertaining. C.Complicated. D.Effortless.26.Whatdidthewriterdointhevillage?A.Helpingvillagersbuildhospitals. B.Servingasateacher.C.Raisingmoneyforhisstudents. D.InvitinglocalstoenterhisProject.27.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.ALife-changingVoluntaryExperienceB.TheMemorableandRewardinglifeinAbujaC.LighthouseProject—ThePromiseofAfricanEducationD.LighthouseProject—AVolunteerOrganizationforNewGraduates【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名新毕业生，如何通过参与LighthouseProject成为一名志愿者，并在这个过程中经历了个人成长和转变。【24题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段的句子“Mydegree,withhonors,inEnglishliteraturehadnotreallypreparedmeforanythingpractical.(我的英语文学学位，虽然是荣誉学位，但并没有真正为我准备任何实际的工作。)”可知，作者的大学教育侧重于理论知识。故选D项。【25题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子“Aftercountlessinterviewsandpresentations,Imanagedtostandoutamongthecandidatesandsurvivethetestalone.(经过无数次的面试和演讲，我设法在候选人中脱颖而出，独自通过了测试。)”可知，申请过程是复杂的。故选C项。【26题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段的句子“Aftercompletingmytraining,Iwassenttothevillagethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproperaccommodation.Thoughthelocalvillagerswerepoor,theyofferedtheirhomes,food,andheartsasifIweretheirownfamily.Iwasaskedtoleadasmallteamoflocalpeopleinbuildinganewschoolhouse.Forthenextyearorso,Itaughtinthatsameschoolhouse.(完成训练后，我被送到一个非常需要适当住所的小村庄。虽然当地村民很穷，但他们把房子、食物和爱心都奉献给了我，就好像我是他们自己的家人一样。我被要求带领一小队当地人建造一所新校舍。在接下来的一年左右的时间里，我在同一所学校教书。)”可知，作者在村里担任教师。故选B项。【27题详析】主旨大意题。根据全文内容，特别是最后一段“Sometimeduringthatperiod,Irealizedthatallthosethingsthathadseemedsostrangeorunusualtomenolongerdid,thoughIdidnotgetanywherewiththelocallanguage,andreturnedtotheUnitedStatesadifferentman.TheLighthouseProjecthadchangedmylifeforever.(在那段时间的某个时候，我意识到所有那些对我来说似乎很奇怪或不寻常的事情都不再存在了，尽管我对当地的语言一无所知，回到美国后，我变成了另一个人。LighthouseProject永远地改变了我的生活。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者作为一名新毕业生，如何通过参与LighthouseProject成为一名志愿者，并在这个过程中经历了个人成长和转变。因此，最佳标题是“ALife-changingVoluntaryExperience(一次改变人生的志愿经历)”。故选A项。CWorkingoutfor30minuteseveryday“mightnotbeenough”tofightagainstthehealthproblemscreatedbylongtimesitting,accordingtoasweepingnewstudy.Thenewstudy,unlikethepastonesthatexaminedsittingandformalexerciseseparately,payinglittleattentiontolightactivities,involved3,702peopletofindouthowthoseallaffectedpeople’shealthindices(指数).Withthedatacollected,researcherscharacterizedpeoplebyhowtheymoved.Thefirstgroupdutifullyexercisedforahalf-hourandthensat,almostnonstop,formorethan10hoursaday.Anothergroupsimilarlyworkedoutfor30minutesandsatforlonghours.But,inbetween,theyroseoftenandtookwalksaround,spendingtimeinlightactivitieslikefetchinganothercupofcoffee.Thethirdgroupsat,withoutanystop,forupto10hours,butalsocollectedanhourofexercisemostdays.Thefinalgroup,whichtheresearchersnamed“themovers,”exercisedaboutanhourmostdays,whilealsomovinglightlyforabouttwohoursmore.Whentheresearcherscross-checkedthesegroupsagainstpeople’scurrenthealthdata,thefirstgrouphadtheworstindices.Differentfromthefirstgroup,theothergroupswereallbetteroffandtoaboutthesameextent,withrelativelyimprovedbloodsugarcontrolandcholesterol(胆固醇)levelsandabout8percentlessbodyfatthanthefirstgroup.“Asingle30-minute,dailyworkout‘mightnotbeenough’toreducethebadeffectsoflongtimesitting,”saidVahidFarrahi,theleadauthorofthenewstudy.“Inadditiontoabrisk(轻快的)workout,weneedtomovelightlyandoften,cleaning,takingthestairs,takingawalkinthehallsorjustnotremainingstill.”28.Howisthenewstudydifferentfromthepreviousones?A.Itexaminedsittingandexerciseseparately.B.Itprovedthatlightactivitieswereignored.C.Ittooklightactivitiesintoconsideration.D.Itsuggestedworkingoutforahalf-hour.29.WhatdowelearnfromParagraph3and4?A.Thefirstgroupspentonehouronlightactivitiesafterlongsitting.B.Thesecondgroupgotsimilarimprovedhealthindicesasthemovers.C.Thethirdgroupcollectedanhour’sexerciseduring10hours’sitting.D.Themoversgotupevery30minutesforformalexerciseforfourhours.30.Whatlightactivityissuggestedtotakeinthelastparagraph?A.Readingwhilesitting. B.Swimminginthepool.C.Workingoutinthegym. D.Walkinginthegymhall.31.WhatcanweinferfromVahid’swords?A.Workingoutharderandlongerisbetterthanjustmovinglightly.B.It’sbettertoexercisemoreoftenthanhalfanhoureveryday.C.Movinglightlyandoftenismoreusefulthanwehavethought.D.A30-minuteworkouthaslittlehelpforlongtimesittingproblems.【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过一篇新的研究介绍了每天锻炼三十分钟可能不足以对抗久坐带来的健康问题。【28题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thenewstudy,unlikethepastonesthatexaminedsittingandformalexerciseseparately,payinglittleattentiontolightactivities,involved3,702peopletofindouthowthoseallaffectedpeople’shealthindices(指数).(过去的研究将坐着和正式锻炼分开研究，极少关注轻度活动。新研究与过去的研究不同，对3702人进行了调查，以便找出所有这些活动是如何影响人们健康指数的。)”可知，新的研究与过去的研究的不同之处在于它把轻度活动一并纳入了研究之中。故选C。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Anothergroupsimilarlyworkedoutfor30minutesandsatforlonghours.But,inbetween,theyroseoftenandtookwalksaround,spendingtimeinlightactivitieslikefetchinganothercupofcoffee.(另一组同样每天锻炼30分钟，长时间坐着。但是，在休息期间，他们会经常起床，四处走走，花时间做一些轻松的活动，比如再拿一杯咖啡。)”、“Thefinalgroup,whichtheresearchersnamed“themovers,”exercisedaboutanhourmostdays,whilealsomovinglightlyforabouttwohoursmore.(最后一组被研究人员称为“运动者”，他们每天锻炼大约一个小时，同时还会多运动大约两个小时。)”以及第四段“Whentheresearcherscross-checkedthesegroupsagainstpeople’scurrenthealthdata,thefirstgrouphadtheworstindices.Differentfromthefirstgroup,theothergroupswereallbetteroffandtoaboutthesameextent,withrelativelyimprovedbloodsugarcontrolandcholesterol(胆固醇)levelsandabout8percentlessbodyfatthanthefirstgroup.(当研究人员将这些群体与人们目前的健康数据进行交叉检查时，第一组的指数最差。与第一组不同，其他组的情况都有所改善，而且程度大致相同，血糖控制和胆固醇水平都相对改善，体脂比第一组减少了8%左右。)”可知，第二组的健康指数像“运动者”一样得到类似的改善。故选B。【30题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“But,inbetween,theyroseoftenandtookwalksaround,spendingtimeinlightactivitieslikefetchinganothercupofcoffee.(但是，在这段时间里，他们经常站起来四处散步，花时间做一些轻松的活动，比如再拿一杯咖啡。)”以及第五段“Inadditiontoabrisk(轻快的)workout,weneedtomovelightlyandoften,cleaning,takingthestairs,takingawalkinthehallsorjustnotremainingstill.(除了轻快的锻炼外，我们还需要经常轻轻地移动，打扫卫生、走楼梯、在大厅里散步，或者只是不要静止不动。)”可知，作者建议做一些轻松的活动，比如拿咖啡、打扫卫生、爬楼梯、散步。由此推知，在体育场里散步属于轻松的运动。故选D。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Asingle30-minute,dailyworkout‘mightnotbeenough’toreducethebadeffectsoflongtimesitting,”saidVahidFarrahi,theleadauthorofthenewstudy.“Inadditiontoabrisk(轻快的)workout,weneedtomovelightlyandoften,cleaning,takingthestairs,takingawalkinthehallsorjustnotremainingstill.”(VahidFarrahi说：“每天一次30分钟的锻炼“可能不足以”减少长时间坐着的负面影响。除了轻快的锻炼外，我们还需要经常轻轻地移动，打扫卫生、走楼梯、在大厅里散步，或者只是不要静止不动。”)”可知，VahidFarrahi认为每天只运动三十分钟不足以降低久坐的负面影响，因此建议人们经常性轻微运动。由此推知，经常性的轻松运动对人是有好处的。故选C。DWiththerapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence,DeepSeek,aChineseAIcompany,hasestablisheditselfasapioneerineducationaltechnology.Itslatestmodel,DeepSeek-R1,combinesadvancedmachinelearningmethodstoprovidepersonalizedlearningsolutionsforstudentsworldwide.UnliketraditionalAImodelsthatrelyonpre-programmedanswers,DeepSeekR1usesreinforcement(强化)learningtosimulatehumanreasoning.Thisallowsittoguidestudentsthroughproblem-solvingstepbystep,muchlikeapatienttutor.Forexample,whenastudentstruggleswithamathequation,DeepSeek-R1doesn’tjustgivetheanswer;itbreaksdownthelogic,identifieserrors,andencouragescriticalthinking.Themodel’sapplicationsextendbeyondacademics.Inlanguagelearning,itanalyzesstudents’pronunciationthroughAIspeechrecognitionandoffersreal-timefeedback.Forteachers,DeepSeek-R1cangeneratelessonplansalignedwithcurriculumstandardsandevenpredictstudents’learningdifficultiesbasedonhistoricaldata.Its“adaptivetesting”featurecreatescustomizedquizzesthatadjustdifficultyaccordingtoindividualprogress.However,challengesremain.Criticsarguethatover-relianceonAImightreducehumaninteractionineducation.DeepSeek’sdevelopersaddressthisbyemphasizingitsroleasa“supplement,notareplacement.”AsDr.Li,aDeepSeekresearcher,stated,“Ourgoalistofreeteachersfromrepetitivetaskssotheycanfocusoninspiringcreativity.”Lookingahead,DeepSeekaimstointegratevirtualreality(VR)intoitsplatform,allowingstudentstoexplorehistoricaleventsorscientificconceptsinimmersive3Denvironments.WhileethicaldebatesaboutAIineducationpersist,onethingisclear:toolslikeDeepSeekarereshapinghowwelearn,blendingtechnologywithhumanwisdom.32.WhatmakesDeepSeek-R1differentfromtraditionalAImodels?A.Itusespre-programmedanswers.B.Itfocusesonmemorizationtechniques.C.Itreplacesteachersinclassrooms.D.Itemploysreinforcementlearningforreasoning.33.Theunderlinedword“customized”inParagraph3mostlikelymeans______.A.fixed B.tailored C.complicated D.randomized34.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDeepSeek’sfutureplans?A.VRtechnologywillstrengtheninteractivelearning.B.Itwillremoveallclassroomactivities.C.Itprioritizesprofitovermoraldiscussions.D.TeacherswilllosetheirjobstoAI.35.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.ToadvertiseDeepSeekproducts.B.TocriticizetherisksofAIinschools.C.TodiscussAI’sroleintransformingeducation.D.TocomparedifferentAImodels.【答案】32.D33.B34.A35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能DeepSeek公司的DeepSeek-R1模型，它在教育领域的应用，如提供个性化学习解决方案、辅助教师教学等，还提到了它面临的挑战以及未来计划。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“UnliketraditionalAImodelsthatrelyonpre-programmedanswers,DeepSeekR1usesreinforcement(强化)learningtosimulatehumanreasoning.(与依赖预编程答案的传统人工智能模型不同，DeepSeekR1使用强化学习来模拟人类推理。)”可知，DeepSeek-R1使用强化学习来模拟人类推理，这与传统人工智能模型依赖预编程答案不同。故选D项。【33题详析】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Its“adaptivetesting”featurecreates…quizzesthatadjustdifficultyaccordingtoindividualprogress.(它的“自适应测试”功能可以创建……测验，根据个人的进度调整难度。)”可知，“自适应测试”功能创建的测验会根据个人的进度调整难度，所以“customized”意思是“根据个人的情况定制的”。B选项“定制的，量身定制的”与其意思相符。故选B项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Lookingahead,DeepSeekaimstointegratevirtualreality(VR)intoitsplatform,allowingstudentstoexplorehistoricaleventsorscientificconceptsinimmersive3Denvironments.(展望未来，DeepSeek的目标是将虚拟现实（VR）整合到其平台中，让学生在沉浸式3D环境中探索历史事件或科学概念。)”可知，DeepSeek未来计划将虚拟现实技术整合到平台中，让学生在沉浸式3D环境中探索历史事件或科学概念，这意味着VR技术将加强互动学习。故选A项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Withtherapiddevelopmentofartificialintelligence,DeepSeek,aChineseAIcompany,hasestablisheditselfasapioneerineducationaltechnology.Itslatestmodel,DeepSeek-R1,combinesadvancedmachinelearningmethodstoprovidepersonalizedlearningsolutionsforstudentsworldwide.(随着人工智能的快速发展，中国人工智能公司DeepSeek已经确立了自己在教育技术领域的先驱地位。其最新型号DeepSeek-R1结合了先进的机器学习方法，为全球学生提供个性化的学习解决方案。)”可知，文章主要介绍了DeepSeek公司的DeepSeek-R1模型，它在教育领域的应用，如提供个性化学习解决方案、辅助教师教学等，还提到了它面临的挑战以及未来计划，强调了人工智能在教育变革中的作用。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。KeepcurrentwithfactsaboutelectriccarsSalesofelectricvehicles(EV)grew40percentlastyearworldwide.Stateside,nearlyathirdofdriverswanttheirnextcartobeelectric.____36____Almost100pure-electricvehiclesaresettocomeintothemarketbytheendof2024.Manymanufacturers,includingGM,Jeep,andVolvo,havepromisedtoofferfullyelectriclineupsbeforethisdecadeisdone.____37____Tesla'supcomingreimaginedRoadsterwillstartat$200,000,whileTesla'scurrentcheapestmodelis$41,000.PlentyofotherEVsareevenmoreaffordable.Chevy,Nissan,andHyundaialloffermodelsforaroundS30,000.WhenassessingthecostofanEV,keepinmindthatsomemodelswillevenqualifyyouforafederaltaxcredit(联邦税收抵免)ofupto$7,500.____38____AtypicalEVownerspendsbetween$6,000and$10,000lessthanaconventionalcarowneronvehiclemaintenance.Onereason:EVsdon’thavetransmissionsorclutches,twoofthecostliestpartstorepair.Thereareabout22,000publicchargingportsnationwide,anumberthatisexpectedtobemorethanthreetimesby2023.ButformostEVowners,chargingathomeisthewaytogo.____39____TheaverageEVgetsabout250milesfromafullcharge,whichisfarlessthanthedistancemostgas-poweredcarscangoonafulltank.ButEVsarecatchingup.Teslacomestheclosest.Itsnewer2021versiongetscloserto500.____40____BMWmakesafast-chargingsystemthataddsabout60milesofdrivetimeinaboutsixminutes.A.They'llhaveoptions.B.Butelectriccarsarenothingnew.C.Thentherearethelong-termsavings.D.Chargingtechnologyisalsoimproving.E.SomeEVsarestilleye-wateringlyexpensive.F.Thebatteryisusuallytheentirefloorofthevehicle.G.Ittakeslonger,butyoucandoitovernightwhenelectricityischeapest.【答案】36.A37.E38.C39.G40.D【语篇解读】文章是一篇说明文，介绍了当今电动汽车的现状，以及未来的发展趋势。【36题详析】根据上文“Stateside,nearlyathirdofdriverswanttheirnextcartobeelectric.”（在美国，有大约三分之一司机的下一辆汽车会选择电动车）和下文“Almost100pure-electricvehiclesaresettocomeintothemarketbytheendof2024.”（到2024年末，有将近100辆纯电动汽车进入市场）可知，选项承接上文，说明消费者面临的选择更多了。They指代的是上文的drivers。故A选项“因此他们会有更多的选择”切题。故选A。【37题详析】根据下文“Tesla'supcomingreimaginedRoadsterwillstartat$200,000,whileTesla'scurrentcheapestmodelis$41,000.”（特斯拉即将推出的新款Roadster起价为20万美元，而特斯拉目前最便宜的车型为4.1万美元）可知，选项承接下文说明现在的电动车价格都很贵。E选项“一些电动汽车仍然昂贵得令人瞠目结舌”，和下文呼应，故选E。【38题详析】根据下文“AtypicalEVownerspendsbetween$6,000and$10,000lessthanaconventionalcarowneronvehiclemaintenance.（一个普通的电动汽车车主在汽车维护上的花费比普通汽车车主少6000到10000美元）可知，将电动车主和传统车主花费的钱对比，凸显电动汽车花费的少。故C选项“而且还能长期的省钱”呼应下文，故选C。【39题详析】根据上文“ButformostEVowners,chargingathomeisthewaytogo.”（对大多数电动车车主来说，在家充电会是一个好办法）可知，选项这里要介绍在家充电的好处，故G选项“这会花更多的时间，但是你可以在电费最便宜的时候充一整晚”切题。故选G。【40题详析】根据上文“TheaverageEVgetsabout250milesfromafullcharge,whichisfarlessthanthedistancemostgas-poweredcarscangoonafulltank.ButEVsarecatchingup.Teslacomestheclosest.Itsnewer2021versiongetscloserto500.”（电动汽车的平均充电里程约为250英里，远低于大多数汽油动力汽车在油箱加满后的行驶里程。但电动汽车正在迎头赶上。特斯拉最接近。新的2021版本接近500英里）可知，选项承接上文说明技术在不断进步。故D选项“充电技术还在不断创新”切题。且呼应下文BMW公司对于充电方面所付出的努力和创新。故选D项。第三部分英语知识运用（共2节，满分30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。Lastsummer,Idecidedtojoinamountain-climbingcamporganizedbyourcommunity.ThoughIlacked___41___inmyphysicalabilities,theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtomedeeply.Myparents___42___meabouttherisks,butIfeltastrong___43___toprovemyself.Onthefirstday,ourinstructorgatheredusatthebaseandannouncedwewould___44___the3,000-meterpeakwithinthreedays.Myheartmissedabeatandmypalmsgrewsweatywithamixofnervousnessand___45___Theinitialclimbwentsmoothly.Sunlight___46___throughthetrees,andwildflowersbloomedalongthepath,theircolorsvividagainstthegreen.Birdssangcheerfullyinthepinetrees,asifcheeringuson.___47___,bythesecondafternoon,darkcloudsgatheredsuddenly.Withinminutes,rainbegantopour,turningthe___48___pathintoadangerousobstacle.Islippedtwice,mylegsshaking___49___Thatnightinthe___50___,exhaustedandshiveringinthecold,I___51___givingup.Justthen,myteammateLisaenteredwithasmile,herflashlightcastingawarmglow.“Rememberwhyyoustarted,”shesaid,handingmeahotdrink.Her___52___wordsrekindledmydeterminationlikeasparkinthedarkness.Thefinalclimbtestedourlimits.Weclung(抓紧)toropes,our___53___visibleinthefreezingair.WhenIfinallyreachedthesummit,tears___54___withsweatonmyface.Belowus,valleyslaywrappedingoldensunlight,resemblingamagicalpainting.Sometimes,thegreatest___55___onlyappearsafterthehardestclimb.41.A.motivation B.experience C.intelligence D.confidence42.A.advised B.warned C.educated D.questioned43.A.urge B.curiosity C.impatience D.pressure44.A.conquer B.approach C.locate D.explore45.A.self-awareness B.self-denial C.self-doubt D.self-pity46.A.laughedout B.passeddown C.rolleddown D.streameddown47.A.However B.Thus C.Instead D.Moreover48.A.icy B.sandy C.dusty D.rocky49.A.slightly B.uncontrollably C.rhythmically D.strangely50.A.dormitory B.shelter C.vehicle D.apartment51.A.imagined B.regretted C.considered D.avoided52.A.grateful B.cautious C.encouraging D.unselfish53.A.flags B.breaths C.shadows D.footsteps54.A.met B.mixed C.competed D.identified55.A.view B.journey C.trial D.dream【答案】41.D42.B43.A44.A45.C46.D47.A48.D49.B50.B51.C52.C53.B54.B55.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加社区组织的登山营，面对身体上的挑战和心理上的动摇，最终在队友鼓励下成功登顶并获得深刻感悟的经历。【41题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我对自己的体能缺乏信心，但挑战自己的想法深深地吸引了我。A.motivation动机；B.experience经验，经历；C.intelligence智力；D.confidence信心。根据转折词Though和后文“theideaofchallengingmyselfappealedtomedeeply”可知，后面说挑战自我的想法吸引作者，前面应是作者对自己的身体能力没信心。故选D。【42题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的父母警告我有风险，但我感到一种强烈的冲动要证明自己。A.advised建议；B.warned警告；C.educated教育；D.questioned质疑。根据后文“meabouttherisks”可知，参加登山活动存在一定风险，所以父母应该是警告作者。故选B。【43题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母警告我有风险，但我感到一种强烈的冲动要证明自己。A.urge冲动，强烈的欲望；B.curiosity好奇心；C.impatience不耐烦；D.pressure压力。根据后文“toprovemyself”可知，作者是有强烈的想要证明自己的冲动。故选A。【44题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一天，我们的教官把我们召集在基地，宣布我们将在三天内征服3000米的山峰。A.conquer征服；B.approach接近；C.locate定位；D.explore探索。根据后文“the3,000-meterpeakwithinthreedays”可知，这里指指三天内登上这座山，也就是征服这座山峰。故选A。【45题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的心跳漏了一拍，手掌因为紧张和自我怀疑而出汗。A.self-awareness自我意识；B.self-denial自我否定；C.self-doubt自我怀疑；D.self-pity自怜。根据上文“Ilackedinmyphysicalabilities”及“Myheartmissedabeatandmypalmsgrewsweaty”可知，作者对自己身体能力没信心以及紧张的情绪，这里应是自我怀疑。故选C。【46题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：阳光透过树林，野花沿着小路盛开，它们的颜色在绿色的映衬下格外鲜艳。A.laughedout笑出声来；B.passeddown传递下去；C.rolleddown滚下；D.streameddown流下，洒下。根据后文“throughthetrees”指阳光透过树林照射下来。streameddown最形象地描述了阳光透过树叶的情形。故选D。【47题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，到了第二天下午，乌云突然聚集起来。A.However然而；B.Thus因此；C.Instead相反；D.Moreover而且。上文提到阳光洒下，野花盛开，鸟儿欢唱，后文则提到乌云聚集，开始下雨，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选A。【48题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几分钟后，大雨倾盆而下，把岩石小路变成了危险的障碍。A.icy冰冷的；B.sandy沙质的；C.dusty多灰尘的；D.rocky岩石的。根据前文“wewouldthe3,000-meterpeakwithinthreedays”可知作者他们要爬山，小路多岩石比较符合实际情况，下雨后多岩石的小路会更危险。故选D。【49题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我滑倒了两次，双腿不受控制地颤抖。A.slightly轻微地；B.uncontrollably不受控制地；C.rhythmically有节奏地；D.strangely奇怪地。根据前文“Islippedtwice”可知作者滑倒了两次，因为滑倒以及道路危险，所以作者的腿应该是不受控制地颤抖。故选B。【50题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上在庇护所里，又累又冷得发抖，我想过放弃。A.dormitory宿舍；B.shelter庇护所，遮蔽物；C.vehicle车辆；D.apartment公寓。在登山过程中，晚上休息的地方应该是庇护所。故选B。【51题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上在庇护所里，又累又冷得发抖，我想过放弃。A.imagined想象；B.regretted后悔；C.considered考虑；D.avoided避免。根据前文“exhaustedandshiveringinthecold”及后文“givingup”可知，作者遇到的困难以及又累又冷的状态，这里应该是考虑放弃。故选C。【52题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她鼓励的话语像黑暗中的火花一样重新点燃了我的决心。A.grateful感激的；B.cautious谨慎的；C.encouraging鼓励的；D.unselfish无私的。根据后文“wordsrekindledmydetermination”可知，队友说的话是鼓励作者的。故选C。【53题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们紧紧抓住绳子，我们呼出的气在冰冷的空气中清晰可见。A.flags旗帜；B.breaths呼吸，呼出的气；C.shadows影子；D.footsteps脚步。根据后文“visibleinthefreezingair”在冰冷的空气中，呼出的气会清晰可见。故选B。【54题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我终于登上顶峰时，泪水和汗水混合在一起流在我的脸上。A.met遇见；B.mixed混合；C.competed竞争；D.identified确认。根据后文“withsweatonmyface”可知，这里指泪水和汗水混合在一起。故选B。【55题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，最美的风景只会在最艰难的攀登之后出现。A.view风景；B.journey旅程；C.trial试验；D.dream梦想。根据前文“Belowus,valleyslaywrappedingoldensunlight,resemblingamagicalpainting.”及后文“onlyappearsafterthehardestclimb”可知，这里说的是在山顶看到的风景，所以是最美的风景在艰难攀登后出现。故选A。第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）（一）单词拼写（根据首字母单词拼写或根据汉语提示单词拼写）56.Thegovernmentintroducednewlawsto______(限制)carbonemissions.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】restrict【详析】考查动词。句意：政府引入了一门新的法律来限制碳排放。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用动词restrict，且根据空前的to可知，此处为不定式todo结构，应用动词原形，故填restrict。57.______(布置)taskswithoutclearinstructionsoftenleadstoconfusionamongteammembers.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】Assigning【详析】考查动名词。句意：制定没有清楚指示的任务通常会导致组员间的困惑。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用动词assign，且此处作主语，故应用动名词，故填Assigning。58.YuanLongping’sachievementsarewidelyrecognized,andheisrememberedasoneofChina’smost______(有影响力的)scientists.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】influential【详析】考查形容词。句意：袁隆平的成就是公认的，他被认为是中国最有影响力的科学家之一。根据所给汉语提示可知，表示“有影响力的”应用形容词influential作定语，修饰名词scientists，故填influential。59.______(偏见)againstwomendriversisacommonissueinsociety,despitenumerousstudiesshowingthatwomenarejustascapableasmenbehindthewheel.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】Prejudice【详析】考查名词。句意：尽管大量研究表明女性在驾驶方面与男性同样胜任，但社会上普遍存在对女性驾驶员的偏见。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用名词prejudice作主语，谓语动词为is，故此处应用其单数形式。故填Prejudice。60.Asthefoglifted,theoutlineofthemountains______(浮现)graduallyfromthemist.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】emerged【详析】考查动词。句意：随着雾气散去，群山的轮廓逐渐从薄雾中浮现。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用动词emerge在句中作谓语动词，主语为theoutlineofthemountains，根据前文lifted可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填emerged。61.Lifeisc______ofmanyelements,suchasfamily,friends,study,work,andentertainment.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】composed/omposed【详析】考查固定短语。句意：生活是由许多元素组成的，比如家庭、朋友、学习、工作和娱乐。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为固定短语becomposedof“由……组成”，满足句意要求。故填composed。62.Thewinnersweregivenane______welcomewhentheyarrivedhome.(根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】enthusiastic/nthusiastic【详析】考查形容词。句意：获胜者回家时受到了热情的欢迎。根据所给首字母和句意可知，此处应用形容词enthusiastic“热情的，充满激情的”作定语，修饰名词welcome。故填enthusiastic。63.Rockclimbinghase______thequalityofmylife,improvingmyhealth