山东省潍坊市2025届高三下学期三模英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省潍坊市2025届高三下学期三模英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。ABestmusicalsinLondonHere,atYours,wehaveputtogetheralistofthebestmusicalsthatweknowyou’lllove.Fromlong-runningmusicalstosomenewerhits,wehaveitcovered.GetreadytohittheWestEndwiththishandyguide.WickedWickedhasbeenahitinLondonforaround18years.Withmusicandlyrics(歌词)byStephenSchwartzandbasedontheseriesworkbyL.FrankBaum,WickedtellsthestoryofElphabaandrevealsthedestiniesoftwounlikelyfriendsbecomingGlindaTheGoodandtheWickedWitchoftheWest.●ApolloVictoriaTheatre●BookingthroughDecember2024●Startingfrom£28MatildaTheMusicalInspiredbyRoaldDahl’sbook,MatildaTheMusicalisafascinatingmasterpiecefromtheRoyalShakespeareCompany.Matilda,feelingaloneandmisunderstood,discoversaveryuniqueabilityanddecidestoteachgrown-upsalesson.Winnerofover99internationalawards,including24forBestMusical,MatildaTheMusicalcontinuestodelightaudiencesofallages.●CambridgeTheatre●BookinguntilMay2025●Startingfrom£25LesMisérablesIfyoulovefilm,thentheshow,stillgoingstrongattheSondheimTheatreaftermorethan30years,isrightupyourstreet.ThestoryfollowsJeanValjeanasheattemptstorebuildhislifeafterbeingreleasedfromprison.●SondheimTheatre●BookinguntilSeptember2024●Startingfrom£31Tina—TheTinaTurnerMusicalThemusicalperfectlyrepresentsthelifeofPopstarTinaTurner,knownforlegendaryhitslike“AFoolinLove”andshehaswonatotalof11GrammyAwardsandhasbeeninducted(入选)intotheRockandRollHallofFame.●AldwychTheatre●BookingthroughJanuary2025●Startingfrom£131.WhatdoWickedandLesMisérableshaveincommon?A.Theyarebothoriginalworks.B.Theyarebothbasedonmovies.C.Theyarebothlong-runningmusicals.D.Theyarebothaboutastrongfemaleleadcharacter.2.WhyisMatildacalleda“fascinatingmasterpiece”?A.Ithaswonnumerousinternationalhonors.B.ItdrawsfromabelovedbookbyRoaldDahl.C.ItfeaturesmusicandlyricsbyStephenSchwartz.D.Itdescribesayounggirl’sjourneytobecomingapopstar.3.WhatcanweknowaboutTina?A.Itbuildsonareal-lifestory.B.Ithaswon11GrammyAwards.C.It’sreservedfromJanuary2025.D.Itsticketpricesrangefrom$50to$150.【答案】1.C2.A3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦四部最佳音乐剧及其相关背景、演出剧院、预订时间和票价等信息，旨在推荐这些音乐剧。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据“Wicked”部分的“WickedhasbeenahitinLondonforaround18years.(《魔法坏女巫》在伦敦风靡了大约18年)”以及“LesMisérables”部分的“Ifyoulovefilm,thentheshow,stillgoingstrongattheSondheimTheatreaftermorethan30years,isrightupyourstreet.(如果你热爱电影，那么这部在桑德海姆剧院上演了30多年仍热度不减的演出，绝对合你的口味)”可知，《魔法坏女巫》和《悲惨世界》的相同点是，都是长期上演的音乐剧。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据“MatildaTheMusical”部分的“Winnerofover99internationalawards,including24forBestMusical,MatildaTheMusicalcontinuestodelightaudiencesofallages.(《玛蒂尔达》音乐剧荣获99项国际大奖，其中包括24个最佳音乐剧奖，持续为各个年龄段的观众带来欢乐)”可知，正因《玛蒂尔达》音乐剧获得众多国际荣誉，才被称为“迷人的杰作”。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据“Tina—TheTinaTurnerMusical”部分的“ThemusicalperfectlyrepresentsthelifeofPopstarTinaTurner(这部音乐剧完美地展现了流行歌星蒂娜・特纳的一生)”可知，《蒂娜——蒂娜・特纳音乐剧》是基于流行歌星蒂娜・特纳的真实生活故事创作的。故选A项。BWedon’tseemany17-year-oldswhocanlistasmanyaccomplishmentsasEduardoCaiado.Edu,ashelikestobecalled,livesinAndolils,Brazil.He’salwaysbeendriventohelpothers.Infact,whenhewasjust15,hewasnamedoneofthe50YoungInspirersoftheUnitedNationsforhisprojectonreusingrainwatertoprovidedrinkingwaterinavillage.Healsoboughtgiftsfor52peoplelivinginalocalnursinghome,usinghisownmoney.ThesearealltotallynaturalforEdu,whosaidhe’sbeenactivelytryingtohelpothersformostofhislife.Butrightnowhecentersonsavingstrayanimals.Sincehewas9,he’sdreamedofthedayhecouldopenashelterforthemanyforgottenpetshe’sseen.Lessthantenyearslater,hemadethatdreamarealitybystartingtheEduPacocaInstitute!“TheplacewhereIliveiscold,andmanystraydogsweredyingofextremecold,”hesaid.TheEduPacocaInstitutedependsondonationstohelptheseanimalsinneed.First,Edurentedahouse;now,he’susingthemoneytocoverfoodandtheirexpenses.“Iwanttheseanimalstoknowthateveniftheydon’thaveowners,theywillbewithmeuntiltheygrowoldanddie,”hesaid.Afteryearsoffeedinganimalsonthestreets,Eduunderstandsthatwhilethey’renothuman,animalshavefeelingsoftheirown.Eachhastheirownhabits,personality,andpreferences,and.Edulovesgettingtoknowthem.He’salreadygivenabout30dogsandcatsahome,andthenumberkeepsgrowingeveryday!Hismainregretisthathedoesn’thaveenoughroomormoneytotakeineverystrayanimal.“TheInstituteisadream,butatthesametimeagreatchallenge,”hesaid.“Butithasbeensogoodtosleepeverydayknowingthateveryoneiswarmandsafe.”4.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?A.Byprovidingone’sfamilybackground. B.Bymakingsomesurvey.C.Bylistingone’samazingachievements. D.Byputtingforwardaconcept.5.WhatinspiredEdutostarttheEduPacocaInstitute?A.Hisinnerquality. B.Thedesireforfame.C.Hisskillwithanimals. D.Theexperienceinchildhood.6.WhatisthebiggesttroubletoEdu?A.Lackofenoughsupport. B.Poorphysicalconditions.C.Muchpressurefromhisfamily. D.Toomuchtimetoputinto.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest. B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C.Nothingisimpossibletoakindheart. D.Agoodbeginningmakesagoodending.【答案】4.C5.A6.A7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了17岁的巴西少年一直努力帮助他人，并实现了自己为流浪狗开设收容所的梦想。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Wedon’tseemany17-year-oldswhocanlistasmanyaccomplishmentsasEduardoCaiado.(我们没有看到很多17岁的孩子能像EduardoCaiado那样列出那么多的成就)”和“Infact,whenhewasjust15,hewasnamedoneofthe50YoungInspirersoftheUnitedNationsforhisprojectonreusingrainwatertoprovidedrinkingwaterinavillage.Healsoboughtgiftsfor52peoplelivinginalocalnursinghome,usinghisownmoney.(事实上，当他只有15岁的时候，他就被提名为联合国50位青年激励者之一，因为他的项目是在一个村庄重新利用雨水提供饮用水。他还用自己的钱给当地一家养老院的52名老人买了礼物)”可知，作者通过介绍EduardoCaiado令人惊奇的成就来引出话题，故选C。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ThesearealltotallynaturalforEdu,whosaidhe’sbeenactivelytryingtohelpothersformostofhislife.Butrightnowhecentersonsavingstrayanimals.Sincehewas9,he’sdreamedofthedayhecouldopenashelterforthemanyforgottenpetshe’sseen.Lessthantenyearslater,hemadethatdreamarealitybystartingtheEduPacocaInstitute!(这些对Edu来说都是很自然的，他说他一生中大部分时间都在积极地帮助别人。但现在他专注于拯救流浪动物。从9岁起，他就梦想着有一天他可以为许多他见过的被遗忘的宠物开一个收容所。不到十年后，他就通过创建EduPacocaInstitute实现了这个梦想！)”可知，对Edu来说帮助别人是自然而然的，他9岁时就梦想着为被遗忘的宠物开一个收容所，所以创办了EduPacocaInstitute，由此可推知他创办EduPacocaInstitute是出于内在的善良品质，故选A。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Hismainregretisthathedoesn’thaveenoughroomormoneytotakeineverystrayanimal.(他最大的遗憾是他没有足够的空间和钱来收留每一只流浪动物)”可知，Edu最大的麻烦是没有足够的空间和钱来收留每一只流浪动物，即缺少足够的支持，故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据全文内容，结合第二段中“ThesearealltotallynaturalforEdu,whosaidhe’sbeenactivelytryingtohelpothersformostofhislife.Butrightnowhecentersonsavingstrayanimals.Sincehewas9,he’sdreamedofthedayhecouldopenashelterforthemanyforgottenpetshe’sseen.Lessthantenyearslater,hemadethatdreamarealitybystartingtheEduPacocaInstitute!(这些对Edu来说都是很自然的，他说他一生中大部分时间都在积极地帮助别人。但现在他专注于拯救流浪动物。从9岁起，他就梦想着有一天他可以为许多他见过的被遗弃的宠物开一个收容所。不到十年后，他就通过创建EduPacocaInstitute实现了这个梦想！)”可知，文章主要介绍了17岁的巴西少年一直努力帮助他人，并实现了自己为流浪狗开设收容所的梦想，由此推知只要怀有一颗善良的心，没有什么是不可能的，故选C。CEveryyear,tensofthousandsofpeoplearoundtheworldapplyforresearchjobsarmedwithpostgraduatequalificationsandspecializedknowledge,onlyfortheircarefullycraftedapplicationstoseeminglydisappearintoadigitalblank.Atthesametime,recruiters(招聘者)reportthattheyareunabletofindappropriatecandidatesforopenpositions.Onekeycauseofthismismatchistheperceptionthatsomeonewithsciencequalificationsisfullyqualifiedforresearchwork.Therealityisthat,often,aPhDorafirstpostdoctoralpostiscorrespondingtoanentry-levelqualification,withtheholderneedingfurtheradvice,guidance,mentoringandexperiencebeforetheycanworkindependently.Shiftinggenerationalprioritiesalsoplayapart.Forexample,mostcurrentearly-careerscientistsaremillennials(千禧一代),bornbetweentheearly1980sandmid-1990s.Theyareoftendigitallyskilledandbringwiththemstrongcooperationnatureandadesiretoseetheirworkhavesocietalimpact.Theyalsotendtovaluework-lifebalanceandcareerflexibility,whichmightnotalwayssquarewiththeprioritiesofthescientistsinterviewingthemforjobs.Meanwhile,employersreportthatcandidatesoftenlackcreativethinking,problem-solvingandcommunicationskillsandqualitiessuchaspersistence,passionanddetermination.Addressingthesechallengesrequiresamultifacetedapproach.UniversitiesandotherresearchtraininginstitutionscandomoretoexpandthefocusofPhDtrainingbeyondtheacademictrack.Thismeansprovidingadviceandguidanceaboutwhatcareerpathsandjobopportunitiesmightbeavailableforresearchersincompanies,thepublicsectorandnon-governmentalorganizations.Employersneedtoconsiderthebenefitsofstructuredtrainingforearly-careerresearchers,asawaytoboostcriticalthinkingandanalyticalskills.Thiscouldbedonebyreproducingthetrainingschemescommonlyusedbylargetechnology,consulting,financeandlegalfirms.Thepathforwardrequiresjobseekersandrecruiterstounderstandeachotherbetter.Candidateswouldbenefitfromlearningwhyrecruitersaredissatisfiedwiththecompetenceofapplicants.Institutions,fortheirpart,mustseethemselvesasarchitectsofscientificcareers.Thismeansacknowledgingthatprofessionalpreparationisn’tadistractionfromresearchexcellence—itisanessentialcomponentofit.8.Whydopostgraduatesfailtofindsatisfyingjobs?A.Inadequateacademicpreparation.B.Limitedjobinformationsources.C.Absenceofproperjob-seekingskills.D.Misjudgmentofqualificationsuitability.9.Whichpriorityofmillennialsaffecttheirjobseeking?A.Highcooperationability. B.Emphasisondigitaltechuse.C.Pursuitofwork-lifebalance. D.Freedomformindandbody.10.WhattrainingshouldbegiventoPhDresearchers?A.Career-relatedadvice. B.Generalskillbuilding.C.Financialmanagementtips. D.Academic-focusedguidance.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Roleofinstitutionsinresearch. B.Importanceofskilldevelopment.C.Discontentofrecruiterswithapplicants. D.Significanceofunderstandingeachother.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要探讨了全球研究生学历求职者与职位供需不匹配的原因以及解决方向。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Onekeycauseofthismismatchistheperceptionthatsomeonewithsciencequalificationsisfullyqualifiedforresearchwork.Therealityisthat,often,aPhDorafirstpostdoctoralpostiscorrespondingtoanentry-levelqualification,withtheholderneedingfurtheradvice,guidance,mentoringandexperiencebeforetheycanworkindependently.(造成这种不匹配的一个关键原因是人们认为具有科学资格的人完全有资格从事研究工作。现实情况是，通常，博士或第一个博士后职位相当于入门级资格，持有者需要进一步的建议、指导、谋划和经验，才能独立工作。)”可知，研究生找不到满意的工作是由于资质与岗位需求的差距，人们认为具有科学资格的人完全有资格从事研究工作，但现实是博士学位或博士后学位被视为“入门资格”，仍需更多建议、指导、谋划和经验，D项“资质适合性判断错误。”符合题意，故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Theyalsotendtovaluework-lifebalanceandcareerflexibility,whichmightnotalwayssquarewiththeprioritiesofthescientistsinterviewingthemforjobs.(他们还倾向于重视工作与生活的平衡和职业灵活性，这可能并不总是符合面试他们的科学家的优先考虑。)”可知，追求工作和生活的平衡对“千禧一代”求职有影响，故选C。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“UniversitiesandotherresearchtraininginstitutionscandomoretoexpandthefocusofPhDtrainingbeyondtheacademictrack.Thismeansprovidingadviceandguidanceaboutwhatcareerpathsandjobopportunitiesmightbeavailableforresearchersincompanies,thepublicsectorandnon-governmentalorganizations.(大学和其他研究培训机构可以做更多的工作，将博士培养的重点扩展到学术轨道之外。这意味着就公司、公共部门和非政府组织的研究人员可能获得的职业道路和工作机会提供咨询和指导。)”可知，大学需扩展博士培训范围，提供学术职业指导，故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Thepathforwardrequiresjobseekersandrecruiterstounderstandeachotherbetter.Candidateswouldbenefitfromlearningwhyrecruitersaredissatisfiedwiththecompetenceofapplicants.Institutions,fortheirpart,mustseethemselvesasarchitectsofscientificcareers.Thismeansacknowledgingthatprofessionalpreparationisn’tadistractionfromresearchexcellence—itisanessentialcomponentofit.(前进的道路需要求职者和招聘人员更好地相互理解。求职者可以从了解为什么招聘人员对求职者的能力不满意中受益。就科研机构而言，它们必须把自己视为科学事业的建筑师。这意味着要承认专业的准备工作不会干扰研究的卓越性——它是研究的重要组成部分。)”可知，本段主要讲述求职者和招聘人员相互理解的重要性，故选D。DThereisacommonsceneincrimeTVshows:Asuspectissweatingnervouslyasthedetectivesuseapolygraph(测谎仪)testtodecidewhetherthesuspectisinnocentorguilty.Thepolygraph,morepopularlycalled“liedetector,”isdesignedtocatchpeopleinalie.Thepolygraphmeasuresthesweat,pulserate,andotherphysiological(生理的)factorsofthetestedperson.Inthisway,polygraphtestsareaccurateatmeasuringaperson’snervousexcitement.Whenapersonisundergoingapolygraphtest,theadministratorbeginsbyaskingtwotypesofcontrolquestions:questionswhichthepersonisexpectedtoanswertruthfullyandquestionswhichthepersonisexpectedtoanswerwithalie(oftentheadministratorwillaskthesubjecttowritedownanumberandthenask“Didyouwritel?”“Didyouwrite2?”tosolicitthedesiredresponses).Thisway,whentheadministratorasksmorerelevantquestionslateron,thesubject’sphysiologicalreactionsarecomparedwiththereactionstothecontrolquestionstodeterminewhetherthesubjectistellinglies.However,it’spossibleforpeopletoreactinanexcitedwaywhenansweringquestionstruthfully.Ifthecontrolquestionsdon’taccuratelyshowtheperson’sreaction,itisharderfortheadministratortodecidewhetherthepersonislyingwhenansweringrelevantquestions.So,whilethepolygraphmightbeeffectiveatmeasuringphysiologicalfactorsassociatedwithbeingnervous,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanitcanalwaysdistinguishapersonlyingfromapersontellingthetruth.Knowingit’spossibletoachieveinaccurateresultsofapolygraphtestmakesthepolygraphfairlyunreliableonitsown.Inaddition,thepolygraphmeasuresphysiologicalfactorsassociatednotjustwithlyingbutwithbeingnervous—acommonfeelingonemightexperiencewhenbeinginterrogated(审问).Thatiswhyinrecentyearspoliceofficershaveturnedawayfromfullyrelyingonpolygraphtestsasdefinitiveproofofone’sinnocenceorguilt.Overall,it’simportanttoconsiderthechanceforerrorwhenexaminingtheresultsofpolygraphtests,butit’spossibletocatchapersonlying.12.Whatisthefunctionofthecontrolquestionsinpolygraphtests?A.Tosupplyguidanceforoperation.B.Toprovideabasisforcomparison.C.Todefinetheprimarygoalofevaluation.D.Toestablishaprocessformeasurement.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“solicit”meaninparagraph2?A.Seek. B.Analyze. C.Combine. D.Control.14.Whatisthemainreasonforapolygraph’sineffectiveness?A.Testingproceduresfailtomeetstrictstandards.B.Administrators’competencefallsshortofadequacy.C.Nervoussystemresponsesvaryfrompersontoperson.D.Controlquestiondesignsdemonstratestructurallimitations.15.Whatcanwelearnaboutthepolygraphtestinthelastparagraph?A.Itdoesn’tcontainagrainoftruth.B.Itserrorratestaysatahighlevel.C.Ithasfallenintodisusenowadays.D.Itsresultsneedfurtherassessment.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了测谎仪，指出其结果可能不准确并介绍了原因。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Whenapersonisundergoingapolygraphtest,theadministratorbeginsbyaskingtwotypesofcontrolquestions(当一个人在接受测谎测试时，管理者首先会问两种类型的控制问题)”和第三段“Thisway,whentheadministratorasksmorerelevantquestionslateron,thesubject’sphysiologicalreactionsarecomparedwiththereactionstothecontrolquestionstodeterminewhetherthesubjectistellinglies.(这样，当管理员随后询问更多相关问题时，受试者的生理反应与对照问题的反应进行比较，以确定受试者是否在说谎)”可知，使用测谎仪测量时问控制问题的作用是提供比较的基础，故选B。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词前“questionswhichthepersonisexpectedtoanswerwithalie(oftentheadministratorwillaskthesubjecttowritedownanumberandthenask‘Didyouwritel?’‘Didyouwrite2?’tosolicitthedesiredresponses).(另一种是希望被测者撒谎回答的问题(通常管理者会让被测者写下一个数字，然后问‘你写了1吗？’‘你写了2吗？’来solicit期望的反应)”可知，第二种问题是希望被测者撒谎回答的问题，所以管理者让被测者写一个数字然后问问题是希望得到期望的反应，即寻求被测者撒谎的反应，solicit意为“寻求”，故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“However,it’spossibleforpeopletoreactinanexcitedwaywhenansweringquestionstruthfully.Ifthecontrolquestionsdon’taccuratelyshowtheperson’sreaction.itisharderfortheadministratortodecidewhetherthepersonislyingwhenansweringrelevantquestions.So,whilethepolygraphmightbeeffectiveatmeasuringphysiologicalfactorsassociatedwithbeingnervous,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeanitcanalwaysdistinguishapersonlyingfromapersontellingthetruth.(然而，当人们如实回答问题时，他们的反应可能会很兴奋。如果对照问题不能准确地显示受试者的反应，那么在回答相关问题时，管理员就很难判断受试者是否在撒谎。因此，虽然测谎仪在测量与紧张相关的生理因素方面可能有效，但这并不一定意味着它总能区分一个人在说谎和一个人在说实话)”可知，神经系统的反应因人而异是测谎仪不准确的主要原因，故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Overall,it’simportanttoconsiderthechanceforerrorwhenexaminingtheresultsofpolygraphtests,butit’spossibletocatchapersonlying.(总的来说，在测试测谎仪的结果时，考虑到出错的可能性是很重要的，但也有可能发现一个人在撒谎)”可知，在测试测谎仪的结果时，考虑到出错的可能性是很重要的，由此推知测谎仪的结果需要进一步评估，故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ifyouareanintroverted(内向)personwhotendstofocustoomuchonyourselforstayquietinpublicplaces,don’tfeelannoyed.BestsellingauthorSusanCainsaysthatsupportingintrovertsduringchildhoodcanhelpshapethemintohigh-achievingadults.____16____Thetraditionalmodelofleadersisseenasoutgoing,talkativeandbrave—alltypicalfeaturesofextroverts.____17____Instead,itisbelievedthattrueleadersaredrivenbyadesiretoadvanceideasandnewwaysofseeingtheworldortoimproveconditionsforagroupofpeople.Moreover,“calmleaders”canresolveproblemsmoreeffectivelyandbetteridentifywhichrisksareworthtaking,thankstotheirabilitytodealwithinformationandmakedecisionsmorecarefully.Intheintroductiontoherbook,Cainsharesaquestionshewasaskedallthetimeasachild:“Whyareyousoquiet?”Itwasusuallyaskedoutofconcern,shenoted.Peopletookhersilenceasasignofuneasinessoranger.Infact,shewasjustlisteningandobservinghersurroundings.____18____Cainsaysintrovertsmakeforthebestlisteners.Askeenlisteners,introvertscanpickuponinformationthatsomeextrovertsmightoverlook.Unlikeextroverts,introvertsarenotknownforjumpingtoconclusions,andasaresult,theytendtoreceivemoreattentionandappreciationfromaudienceswhentheydospeak.____19____However,introvertstendtocontributetheirbestworkandideasontheirown.“Introvertshaveanimpressiveabilitytobeindependent,”Cainwrote.“Wefindstrengthinsolitude(孤独)andareabletouseourpreciousalonetimetofocusandconcentrate.”____20____A.Listeningisoneofthenecessaryskillsinlife.B.Itstartswithrecognizingtheir“hiddenstrengths”.C.Extrovertsareknowntoperformwellingroupsettings.D.Insomeway,observingismoreimportantthanlistening.E.However,leadersneedsuchkindsofabilitiestomakedecisions.F.Butleadershipdoesn’tneedtobequitesocialorattention-seeking.G.Thisiswhypushingintrovertedkidstodogroupprojectsendsupbackfiring.【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.C20.G【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了内向者(或称为“内向性格的人”)的优势和成长潜力。【16题详析】上文“BestsellingauthorSusanCainsaysthatsupportingintrovertsduringchildhoodcanhelpshapethemintohigh-achievingadults.(畅销书作家苏珊·凯恩说，在童年时期支持内向的人可以帮助他们成长为成就卓越的成年人)”提出在童年时期支持内向的人可以帮助他们成长，B项“Itstartswithrecognizingtheir“hiddenstrengths”.(首先要认识到他们“隐藏的优势”)”承接上文，介绍如何支持他们：认识到他们“隐藏的优势”。第二段“Thetraditionalmodelofleadersisseenasoutgoing,talkativeandbrave—alltypicalfeaturesofextroverts.Instead,itisbelievedthattrueleadersaredrivenbyadesiretoadvanceideasandnewwaysofseeingtheworldortoimproveconditionsforagroupofpeople.Moreover,“calmleaders”canresolveproblemsmoreeffectivelyandbetteridentifywhichrisksareworthtaking,thankstotheirabilitytodealwithinformationandmakedecisionsmorecarefully.(传统的领导模式被认为是外向、健谈和勇敢的——这些都是外向者的典型特征。。相反，人们相信，真正的领导者是被一种欲望所驱动的，这种欲望推动着他们提出想法，以新的方式看待世界，或者改善一群人的状况。此外，“冷静的领导者”可以更有效地解决问题，更好地识别哪些风险值得承担，这要感谢他们处理信息和更仔细地做出决策的能力)”对B项中“隐藏的优势”进行了详细说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。【17题详析】上文“Thetraditionalmodelofleadersisseenasoutgoing,talkativeandbrave—alltypicalfeaturesofextroverts.(传统的领导模式被认为是外向、健谈和勇敢的——这些都是外向者的典型特征)”介绍对领导模式的传统认知，下文“Instead,itisbelievedthattrueleadersaredrivenbyadesiretoadvanceideasandnewwaysofseeingtheworldortoimproveconditionsforagroupofpeople.Moreover,“calmleaders”canresolveproblemsmoreeffectivelyandbetteridentifywhichrisksareworthtaking,thankstotheirabilitytodealwithinformationandmakedecisionsmorecarefully.(相反，人们相信，真正的领导者是被一种欲望所驱动的，这种欲望推动着他们提出想法，以新的方式看待世界，或者改善一群人的状况。此外，“冷静的领导者”可以更有效地解决问题，更好地识别哪些风险值得承担，这要感谢他们处理信息和更仔细地做出决策的能力)”提出另一种看法，“冷静的领导者”才是真正的领导者，上下文有转换关系。F项“Butleadershipdoesn’tneedtobequitesocialorattention-seeking.(但领导力并不需要非常社交化或引人注目)”承上启下，引出下文。故选F项。【18题详析】上文“Infact,shewasjustlisteningandobservinghersurroundings.(事实上，她只是在倾听和观察她周围的环境)”中凯恩解释自己只是在倾听，A项“Listeningisoneofthenecessaryskillsinlife.(倾听是生活中必要的技能之一)”承接上文，说明倾听的重要性，上下文语意一致。故选A项。【19题详析】根据下文“However,introvertstendtocontributetheirbestworkandideasontheirown.(然而，内向的人倾向于自己贡献他们最好的工作和想法)”可知，上下文有转折关系。下文讲内向的人的优势，与C项“Extrovertsareknowntoperformwellingroupsettings.(众所周知，外向的人在群体环境中表现良好)”讲外向的人的长处，上下文形成对比转折关系。故选C项。【20题详析】上文““Introvertshaveanimpressiveabilitytobeindependent,”Cainwrote.“Wefindstrengthinsolitude(孤独)andareabletouseourpreciousalonetimetofocusandconcentrate.”(“内向的人有令人印象深刻的独立能力，”凯恩写道。“我们在孤独中找到力量，能够利用宝贵的独处时间来集中注意力。”)”中凯恩介绍了内向的人的特质：具有独立能力，能够利用宝贵的独处时间来集中注意力。G项“Thisiswhypushingintrovertedkidstodogroupprojectsendsupbackfiring.(这就是为什么强迫内向的孩子做小组项目最终会适得其反)”承接上文，说明因为这一特质，就不能强迫内向的孩子做小组项目，上下文语意一致。故选G项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DelphineExperthandedherfive-year-olddaughter,Zoey,herphonesoshecouldrecord“treasures”shefoundonawalk.Shenever____21____“tobeoneofthetreasures.”AsDelphine____22____withNewsweek,Zoeyhasautism(自闭症)andwasnon-verbaluntilrecently.Thelittlegirlbegan____23____violinlessonslastyear,andthatledhertosayafew“____24____words”like“mom.”Almostayearlater,Zoeyhadanother____25____andisnow“abletocommunicatealittlebit.”Forthatreason,avideoZoeyrecently____26____wasespeciallyendearingtoDelphine.Thesentimentalmother____27____itonTikTok,anditquicklywentviral,gettinghundredsoflikes.ItshowsZoey’s____28____asshefocusesoncommonthingslikethegrass,thesky,theclouds,hercar,andherhouse.Butthemotherdidn’tthinkshe’dbeoneofthe____29____Zoeywouldfindonherway.Attheend,Zoey______30______thecameraathermomandhappilyshareshowmuchshelovesher.“Andthere’smybeautifulmom.She’sthebestmom.Ilovehersomuch,andshe’sthebestmominthewholeworld,”shesaysexcitedly.TheMothernearly______31______thesweetvideobutfortunatelywatcheditallthewaythrough.Theproudmothersaidshenearlymissedthevideobutfortunatelywatcheditfirstandwas______32______bythe“beautifulend.”Delphineexplainedthatherdaughter’ssweetwordstookyearsof______33______,andshecouldn’tbehappiertohearthem.Delphine______34______Zoey“24/7”becauseofherspecialneeds.Shealsohomeschoolsherwiththehelpofanonlineprogramthatspecializesinautism.“Shesoundssooverwhelmedwithherloveformommy,andyouarethebesttreasureoutofthemall,”one______35______read.21.A.attempted B.expected C.managed D.decided22.A.shared B.greeted C.complained D.agreed23.A.finishing B.giving C.taking D.teaching24.A.musical B.promising C.innocent D.simple25.A.pronunciation B.breakthrough C.behavior D.feedback26.A.concentrated B.mentioned C.captured D.spotted27.A.posted B.distributed C.published D.announced28.A.inspiration B.perspective C.enthusiasm D.innovation29.A.treasures B.strangers C.performers D.friends30.A.gives B.delivers C.points D.passes31.A.edited B.deleted C.downloaded D.copied32.A.tricked B.scared C.beaten D.struck33.A.focus B.experience C.survey D.observation34.A.spyon B.speakto C.learnfrom D.tendto35.A.video B.audience C.host D.comment【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.A28.B29.A30.C31.B32.D33.A34.D35.D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述自闭症女孩Zoey学小提琴后逐渐开口，拍摄视频最后深情表白妈妈，母亲感动，网友称妈妈是最美宝藏。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她从未料到“自己会成为宝藏之一”。A.attempted尝试；B.expected预料；C.managed设法；D.decided决定。根据上文“DelphineExperthandedherfive-year-olddaughter,Zoey,herphonesoshecouldrecord‘treasures’shefoundonawalk.”可知，德尔菲娜让女儿记录“宝藏”，但没料到自己会是其中之一，expected符合语境，且后文“didn’tthinkshe’dbeoneof”为同义复现。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：正如德尔菲娜向《新闻周刊》透露的那样，佐伊患有自闭症，直到最近还不会说话。A.shared分享，透露；B.greeted问候；C.complained抱怨；D.agreed同意。根据下文“withNewsweek”以及语境可知，德尔菲娜向媒体讲述女儿的情况，sharedwithNewsweek，表示“向《新闻周刊》透露”，符合语义。故选A项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小女孩去年开始上小提琴课，这让她说出了几个像“妈妈”这样的简单词汇。A.finishing完成；B.giving给予；C.taking上（课）；D.teaching教授。根据下文“violinlessons”以及语境可知，这里考查takingviolinlessons，为固定搭配，表示“上小提琴课”，符合文意。故选C项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小女孩去年开始上小提琴课，这让她说出了几个像“妈妈”这样的简单词汇。A.musical音乐的；B.promising有希望的；C.innocent无辜的；D.simple简单的。根据下文“like‘mom’”以及语境可知，mom是简单的词汇，simple直接修饰words，符合语境。故选D项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约一年后，佐伊又有了一次突破，现在“能够稍微交流了”。A.pronunciation发音；B.breakthrough突破；C.behavior行为；D.feedback反馈。从“non-verbal”到“abletocommunicatealittlebit”可知，这是明显的进步，breakthrough表示“突破”，符合语义。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，佐伊最近拍摄的一段视频对德尔菲娜来说特别可爱。A.concentrated集中；B.mentioned提及；C.captured拍摄；D.spotted发现。根据首段“record‘treasures’”可知，视频是佐伊拍摄的，captured与record为同义替换。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位感性的母亲将其发布在抖音上，视频迅速走红，获得数百个赞。A.posted发布；B.distributed分发；C.published出版；D.announced宣布。根据下文“itonTikTok”以及语境可知，这里表示在抖音上发布，符合社交媒体语境。故选A项。【28题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：视频展示了佐伊的视角，她专注于草地、天空、云朵、她的汽车和她的房子等常见事物。A.inspiration灵感；B.perspective视角；C.enthusiasm热情；D.innovation创新。根据下文“asshefocusesoncommo