山东省烟台市2024-2025学年高二下学期期中学业水平测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省烟台市2024-2025学年高二下学期期中学业水平测试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A.Rainy. B.Sunny. C.Windy.【答案】C【原文】W:It’srefreshingtoseethesunagain.It’sbeenrainingforthepasttwoweeks.I’vehadenoughofit!M:Metoo.Butaccordingtotheweatherman,it’llblowhardtomorrow.W:Oh,no!2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipofthespeakers?A.Fellowstudents.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Journalistandinterviewee.【答案】B【原文】M:Now,youcanworkinpairsanddiscussthesequestions.Thefirstoneis:Wouldyouliketobeareporter?Andwhy?W:Well,Mr.Robertson,mydeskmateaskedforleavetoday.CanIjoinLindaandBill?3.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?A.Addacupboard. B.Changethewallcolor. C.Getsomeplants.【答案】C【原文】M:Ineedtodecoratemyroom.Doyouhaveanysuggestions?W:Howaboutaddingsomeplants?Theycanbringlifetoyourroom.M:Goodidea.AndI’mthinkingofrepaintingthewallsandthecupboard.4.Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Inthestreet. B.Atthepolicestation. C.Intheconveniencestore.【答案】A【原文】M:Whereisourcar?IrememberIparkeditrighthere.W:Maybethetrafficpolicetoweditaway.Itoldyounottoparkinfrontoftheconveniencestore.Parkingisnotallowedhere.5.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Abirthdayparty. B.Asuit. C.Agoodtailor.【答案】B【原文】W:Whatanicesuit!Whendidyougetit,Peter?M:Lastweek.Actually,itwasabirthdaygiftfrommysister.SheknowsI’vealwayswantedtobuyatailor-madesuit.W:Well,itlooksgreatonyou.M:Thankyou.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Todiscusstheirwork.B.Totellherofaninvitation.C.Toaskhertoscheduleaparty.7.WhatwillthespeakersdothisSaturday?A.Gotoaparty.B.Shopforsomepresents.C.Visitthemanager’soffice.【答案】6.B7.B【原文】M:HaveyouheardthatJohnhasbeenpromotedtosalesmanager?W:Oh,really?That’sgoodnews.He’sbeenworkingreallyhard.M:Yes,andhealwaystakesonadditionalresponsibilities.Hedefinitelydeservesit.W:That’sright.Willheholdapromotionparty?M:That’swhyI’mhere.He’sgoingtoinviteourdepartmenttohishousethisSunday.W:Wonderful!Whatshouldweprepareforhim?M:Ihaven’tdecidedyet.I’mgoingtotheStarMalltopickoutsomethingthedaybeforetheparty.W:CanIgowithyou?M:Yes,ofcourse.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnJuly22nd. B.OnJuly15th. C.OnJuly13th.9.Whatkindofsuitewillthemanstayin?A.Onefacingthestreet.B.Onenearanelevator.C.Onewithaparkview.10.Whatpersonalinformationdoesthewomanneed?A.Hiscreditnumber. B.Hisname. C.Hise-mailaddress.【答案】8.C9.C10.B【原文】W:FancyHotel.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hello,I’mplanningatriptoNewYorkwithmyfamily,soIwanttobookasuiteforaweek.W:Alright,sir.Whatdatesareyougoingtobook?M:We’llarrivetherethedayaftertomorrow.W:Okay,thatisJuly15th.Andthedeparturedateisthe22nd?M:Yes.W:Well,doyouhaveanyroompreferences?M:Wedon’twantasuitenearanelevatororabustlingstreet.It’snoisy.Iknowyouhavesomesuiteswithaviewofaparkoragarden.Isthereanavailableone?W:Yes.I’llbookyouasuitefacingaquietpark.Isthatallright?M:OK,thanks.CanIpaybycreditcard?W:Ofcourse.MayIknowyourname,sir?M:Yes,I’mDanielBurnham.Andmyemailaddressis...听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.WhichsubjectdoesMr.Lawrenceteach?A.History. B.Math. C.Physics.12.WhatdoesthemanthinkofMrs.March?A.She’sstrict. B.She’scaring. C.She’sinformed.13.Whatdoesthewomanvaluemostasateacher?A.Recognizingstudents’issues.B.Discoveringstudents’abilities.C.Encouragingstudents’confidence.【答案】11.C12.B13.B【原文】M:We’reabouttograduatefromhighschool.Whodoyouthinkisthebestteacher?W:Ithinkwehavemanygoodteachers.OneofthemisMr.Lawrence.Heoftenhelpsusunderstandknowledgebydoingphysicalexperiments.Ialsolikeourmathteacherthoughhe’sstrict.Whataboutyou?M:Well,thatmustbeourhistoryteacher,Mrs.March.YouknowIwasashyperson.Mrs.MarchwouldtalktomeandgivemeencouragementeverytimeIdidapresentation.Then,Ibegantogainabitmoreconfidence.W:Well,goodteachersexcelatrecognizingstudents’issuesandencouragingthemtoovercomethoseissues.M:Iagree.IwanttobeateacherlikeMrs.March.Iwouldtrytofindthestudentswhoneedencouragementandmakethemfeelbetteraboutthemselves.W:Hmm,ifIhadanopportunitytobeateacher,Iwouldexplorethepotentialofmystudentsfirst.M:That’simportant,too.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WhereistherestaurantcalledTheLittleSnail?A.Inthecountryside. B.Inthesuburbs. C.Inthecitycenter.15.HowdoesthemanfeelaboutTheLittleSnail?A.Thestaffthereworkhard.B.Thelongwaitsdestroyitsfame.C.Itdeservesthetroubleandefforts.16.Whatisthemanmostsatisfiedwith?A.Thequalityofthefood.B.Thedecorationofthewalls.C.Thelocationoftherestaurant.【答案】14.A15.C16.A【原文】W:Doyouhaveafavoriterestaurant?M:Yes,Ido.ItmustbeaFrenchrestaurantcalledTheLittleSnail.W:Whereisit?Inthesuburbsorinthecitycenter?M:Neither.It’sinasmallcoastalfishingvillage.W:Whatdoesitlooklike?M:Thereareonlyafewthingshangingonthewalls.Therestaurantissimplebutgreat.W:Howabouttheservice?M:Itdoesn’thavelotsofstaff,soitcangetquitebusyandyouneedtowaitforawhile.Butwhenthefoodarrives,itissogoodthatyoudonotcareaboutanythingelse.W:That’snice.Whatarethepriceslike?M:Well,itspricesarereasonablecomparedtotheFrenchrestaurantsinabigcity.W:Thenwhatdoyouusuallyorderthere?M:TraditionalFrenchfood.Ioftengetsomekindofmeatdish.Andthere’susuallyadelicioussaucethatmightbemadefromwineorcreamandherbs.W:Soundsdelicious.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whydoesthespeakerwanttogrowvegetables?A.Tosellfreshproduce.B.Tolowerthecostofliving.C.Tosatisfyhisowncuriosity.18.Wheredoesthespeakerlive?A.Inacity. B.Inagarden. C.Inaruralcommunity.19.Whatisthespeaker’sdifficultyingrowingvegetables?A.Hehasahealthproblem.B.Hedoesn’thaveagarden.C.Helacksrelevantknowledge.20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutRebeccaStephenson?A.Sheisofgreathelptohim.B.Sheworksasanurseinahospital.C.Sheplanstogrowherbsinhergarden.【答案】17.B18.A19.A20.A【原文】M:WhenIreadtheeconomicnews:thehousingcrisis,thehighcostofgroceries,orthepossibilitythatAIwillmakemyprofessionalskillsoutofdate,Ialwayscomebacktothesamethought—Ishouldstartgrowingmyownvegetables.Financialsavingsandfreshproduceaside,gardeningandspendingtimeinnaturehavebeenshowntoreducestress,depressionandanxiety.Forpeoplelikemewholiveincitieswherecommunitygardensarepopular,there’sevidencethatgardeninghelpsbuildasenseofcommunitywithneighbors.Andofcourse,theregularexerciseofplantingcansupportgeneralhealth.Butthere’saproblem:Likeabout20%ofadultsintheUS,Ilivewithchronicpain.Mineisinmylegs,anditcanmakerepetitivebendingveryuncomfortable.Fortunatelyforme,thisspringI’vebeenseeingRebeccaStephenson,aclinicalspecialistinphysicaltherapyatNewton-WellesleyHospitalinMassachusetts.Andshehasapassionforplants.Shegrowsflowers,aswellasherbsinherowngarden,andshehasalotofideasabouthowtomodifygardeningactivitiestopreventpain.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheNationalEndowmentfortheArts(NEA)istoannouncegrants(拨款)to62nonprofitorganizationsfor2026NEABigReadprogrammingtosupportprogrammingcenteredaroundabookfromtheNEABigReadLibrary,aimedtoinspiremeaningfulconversations,celebratelocalcreativity,motivatediversevoicesandbuildstrongerconnectionsineachcommunity.Granteesarefrom35statesoftheUSA,with40%first-timeand30%rural,grantsrangingfrom$5,000to$20,000.Communityprogrammingof2026focusesonthetheme“WhereWeLive”.GranteeschosetheirNEABigReadbookbasedonhowitsthemes,characters,andsettingrelatetotheuniqueaspectsoftheircommunity.Theywillusethisselectionasinspirationforbookdiscussions,writingworkshops,andcreativeactivitiesincooperationwitharangeoflocalpartners.Examplesof2026programming:TheMuseumofChineseinAmerica,NewYork,anewgrantee,willlaunchitsprogrammingofInteriorChinatownbyCharlesYuwithvividscenerecreationsfromthebookperformedbylocalAsianAmericanActors.TheLakeCountyLibraryinLakeport,California,willstartprogrammingforTheBearbyAndrewKrivak.Theareahasexperiencednumerousdestructivewildfires.Activitieswillexplorethelocalenvironmentwhileaddressingdisasterreliefeffortsandofferingfire-relatedservices.LosAngelesDepartmentofCulturalAffairs’selectionisTheHouseonMangoStreetbySandraCisneros.Theprogramwillbepresentedbothvirtuallyandin-person,includingmuseumtours,writingworkshops,filmscreenings,discussioncirclesandakeynotespeechwithSandraCisneros.FocusedonThere,TherebyTommyOrange,theNorthernArizonaBookFestivalinFlagstaffwilldevelopawalkingtourofliteraryFlagstafffeaturinglocalwritersrespondingtothetheme“WriteFromPlace”.Thetourwillbeavailableviaanapp,allowingindividualpoemstobeattachedtospecificlocationsaroundFlagstaff.21.WhydoesNEAinvestinnonprofitorganizations?A.Tocollectartworksnationwide.B.Totacklelocaleducationalissues.C.Topublishdecentbooksbynativewriters.D.Toboostcommunityengagementbyreading.22.Whatdo2026NEABigReadgranteeshaveincommon?A.They’refromthesamestateofAmerica.B.They’lllaunchinitiativesaroundatheme.C.Theyhaveanequalbudgetforprogramming.D.They’veneverparticipatedintheprojectbefore.23.Whichorganizationwillinvitetheauthorofitsselectedbook?A.TheMuseumofChineseinAmerica.B.TheLakeCountyLibraryinLakeport.C.LosAngelesDepartmentofCulturalAffairs.D.TheNorthernArizonaBookFestivalinFlagstaff.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍美国国家艺术基金会将在2026年向62个非营利组织拨款开展大阅读项目，聚焦“WhereWeLive”主题，多地展示特色活动。【21题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“TheNationalEndowmentfortheArts(NEA)istoannouncegrantsto62nonprofitorganizationsfor2026NEABigReadprogrammingtosupportprogrammingcenteredaroundabookfromtheNEABigReadLibrary,aimedtoinspiremeaningfulconversations,celebratelocalcreativity,motivatediversevoicesandbuildstrongerconnectionsineachcommunity.(美国国家艺术基金会（NEA）将宣布向62个非营利组织提供拨款，用于2026年NEA大阅读项目，以支持围绕NEA大阅读图书馆中的一本书开展的项目，旨在激发有意义的对话，庆祝当地的创造力，激发不同的声音，并在每个社区建立更紧密的联系)”可知，NEA投资非营利组织是为了通过阅读促进社区参与。故选D项。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Communityprogrammingof2026focusesonthetheme‘WhereWeLive’.GranteeschosetheirNEABigReadbookbasedonhowitsthemes,characters,andsettingrelatetotheuniqueaspectsoftheircommunity.(2026年的社区项目聚焦于‘WhereWeLive’这一主题。受资助者根据书籍的主题、人物以及背景设定与他们所在社区的独特之处的关联程度，来选择美国国家艺术基金会“大阅读”项目的书籍)”可知，2026年NEA大阅读项目的受资助者的共同之处是他们将围绕一个主题发起倡议。故选B项。【23题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“LosAngelesDepartmentofCulturalAffairs’selectionisTheHouseonMangoStreetbySandraCisneros.Theprogramwillbepresentedbothvirtuallyandin-person,includingmuseumtours,writingworkshops,filmscreenings,discussioncirclesandakeynotespeechwithSandraCisneros.(洛杉矶文化事务部选定的作品是桑德拉・希斯内罗斯所著的《芒果街上的小屋》。该项目将以线上和线下两种方式呈现，包括博物馆参观、写作工作坊、电影放映、讨论小组以及与桑德拉・希斯内罗丝的主题演讲)”可知，洛杉矶文化事务部将邀请其选定书籍的作者。故选C项。BForcenturies,theScottishHighlandshavebeensilentwithoutthehowlofwolves.Cruelhuntinghadwipedthemoutbythe18thcentury,causinganecologicalcrisis.Withoutnaturalkillers,reddeerpopulationsexploded,destroyingyoungtreesandreducingnativewoodlandstolessthan4%ofScotland’sland—thelowestinEurope.Now,scientistsproposereintroducingwolvestorestorebalance.Killersastheyare,wolvesarea“keystone”species:abrickinthearch(拱门)thatholdsitsentirestructureinplace.IntheUS,bringingwolvesbacktoseveralnationalecosystems,mostfamouslyinYellowstoneNationalPark,hasbornerichfruits.ReleasingwolvesinfourScottishregionscoulddecreasedeerdensity(密度)from20to4persquarekilometerwithintwodecades.Astablewolfpopulationofaround167wouldallowwoodlandstoregeneratenaturally.“Theclimateandbiodiversitycrisescan’tbetackledseparately,”saysenvironmentalscientistDominickSpracklen.“Speciesreintroductionservesasanessentialstrategytorestoredegradedecosystems,whichinturncandeliverco-benefitsforclimateandnaturerecovery.”Thescientistsestimateeachwolfcanpotentiallyrestoreenoughwoodlandstoabsorb6,702tonsofCO2​annually,worthabout$195,000intoday’scarbonmarket,whichindicatesthatthefollowingexpansionofnativewoodlandswouldstore100milliontonsofCO2​over100years,makinganimportantcontributiontonationalclimatetargets.Furthermore,massexpansionofwoodlands,facilitatedthroughthereturnofwolves,couldprovidepotentialeconomicbenefitstolandownersandcommunitiesthroughcarbonfinance(金融).However,challengesremain.EcologistandfarmerLeeSchofieldvoicedhisworry,“Wolvesposeamassivethreattothelocalresidents’lives.Human-wildlifeconflictsarecommonandmustbeaddressedthroughpublicpoliciesthataccountforpeople’sattitudes.”DominickbelieveslessonslearnedfromtheUSandEuropeanwolfreintroductionswillhelphereand,whilewolves’fearsomereputationremains,ecosystemcollapseandextremeclimatechangearehardlytoothlessoptions.24.WhatistherootcauseoftheecologicalcrisisintheScottishHighlands?A.Humankillingofwolves.B.Industrialpollution.C.Explosionofdeerpopulations.D.Lossofnativewoodlands.25.WhydoestheauthormentionYellowstoneNationalPark?A.Toerasedoubtsaboutkeystonespecies.B.Toshowthesuccessofwolfreintroduction.C.Tocomparemethodsofreducingdeerdensity.D.Tointerprethowtomaintainecologicalbalance.26.Whatisthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Thebenefitsofwolves’return.B.Theeffectsofforestsonclimate.C.Theimportanceofcarbonfinance.D.Thelinkbetweenwolvesandeconomy.27.InwhichaspectdowolvesmainlythreatenlocalsaccordingtoLeeSchofield?A.Reputation. B.Psychology. C.Property. D.Security.【答案】24.A25.B26.A27.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家提议在苏格兰重新引入狼群以恢复生态平衡，并分析了其生态与经济价值及面临的挑战。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Cruelhuntinghadwipedthemoutbythe18thcentury,causinganecologicalcrisis.(到18世纪时，残酷的猎杀已经将它们赶尽杀绝，从而引发了一场生态危机)”可知，苏格兰高地生态危机的根本原因是人类对狼的捕杀。故选A。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Killersastheyare,wolvesarea“keystone”species:abrickinthearch(拱门)thatholdsitsentirestructureinplace.IntheUS,bringingwolvesbacktoseveralnationalecosystems,mostfamouslyinYellowstoneNationalPark,hasbornerichfruits.(尽管狼是食肉动物，但它们却是“关键”物种：就如同拱门上的一块砖，支撑着整个生态结构的稳定。在美国，将狼重新引入多个国家生态系统，其中最著名的当属黄石国家公园，这一举措已取得了丰硕的成果)”可推知，作者提到黄石国家公园是为了展示重新引入狼这一举措的成功。故选B。【26题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段中“Thescientistsestimateeachwolfcanpotentiallyrestoreenoughwoodlandstoabsorb6,702tonsofCO2annually,worthabout$195,000intoday’scarbonmarket,whichindicatesthatthefollowingexpansionofnativewoodlandswouldstore100milliontonsofCO2over100years,makinganimportantcontributiontonationalclimatetargets.Furthermore,massexpansionofwoodlands,facilitatedthroughthereturnofwolves,couldprovidepotentialeconomicbenefitstolandownersandcommunitiesthroughcarbonfinance.(科学家们估计，每只狼每年可能恢复足够的林地，吸收6702吨二氧化碳，在当今的碳市场上价值约19.5万美元，这表明未来100年原生林地的扩张将储存1亿吨二氧化碳，为国家气候目标做出重要贡献。此外，通过狼的回归促进林地的大规模扩张，可以通过碳金融为土地所有者和社区提供潜在的经济利益)”可知，第四段主要讲述了狼回归带来的好处。故选A。【27题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中“EcologistandfarmerLeeSchofieldvoicedhisworry,“Wolvesposeamassivethreattothelocalresidents’lives.Human-wildlifeconflictsarecommonandmustbeaddressedthroughpublicpoliciesthataccountforpeople’sattitudes.”(生态学家兼农民李·斯科菲尔德表达了他的担忧：“狼对当地居民的生命构成了巨大威胁。人与野生动物的冲突很常见，必须通过考虑人们态度的公共政策来解决。”)”可知，根据李·斯科菲尔德的说法，狼主要在安全方面威胁当地人。故选D。CSeaweedisgettingmoreattentionasresearchersuncoveritshealthbenefits,itsuseasafoodsource,anditsvaluetotheenvironment.AresearchteamfromtheUniversityofSussexhascombinedallitsadvantagesintoabiodegradable,edibleelectronichealthmonitor.“WatchingMasterChef,aUKcompetitivetelevisioncookingshow,Igotinspiredtouseseaweedinthelab,”saysDrBoland,amaterialsphysicslecturerattheUniversityofSussex.“Seaweed,whenusedtothickendesserts,givesthemasoftandbouncystructure,favouredbyvegetarianstoreplacegelatina,aclearflavourlessmaterialthatcansolidifywhencooled.Itgotmethinking:whatifwecoulddothatwithsensingtechnology?”Seaweeditselfdoesn’tconductelectricity,buttheresearchersproducedanelectricallyconductivefilmbymeansofaddinggraphene(石墨烯)toaseaweedmixture.Thefilmquicklyabsorbswaterwhenplacedinasaltbath,formingahydrogel(凝胶),whichcaneffectivelysensepressure,makingitagoodcandidateformonitoringthingslikeheartrateandtemperature.“Thehealthcareindustryhasalwaysdependedonunsustainablerubberorplastictocreatewearablemonitoringdevices,whichcanputhumanhealthatriskfrommicroplasticsleakingintowatersourcesastheybreakdown,”saysBoland.“Incontrast,ourSussexsensorisfullybiodegradableaswellashighlyeffective.”Electronicsthatmaybeconsumedanddigestedcancarryoutvariousbeneficialtasksinsidethebody.Thenaturalcompositionalsoplacesthemwithintheemergingscientificfieldofeatableelectronics.“Futureusesofclinical-gradewearablesensorsmightjustbelikeasecondskin:lightweight,easytoapply,andsafeduetotheirall-naturalelements.TheadvancementofBoland’steamwilldramaticallytransformhealthmonitoringtechnology,whichwillvastlyupgradetheentirepatientexperiencewhileremovingtheneedforhospitaltools,wiresandleads,”expressedDr.SueBaxter,DirectorofInnovationandBusinessPartnershipsattheUniversityofSussex.28.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“dothat”inparagraph2referto?A.Employseaweed.B.CookBritishcuisine.C.Turnliquidintosolid.D.Getfavorfromvegetarians.29.Theseaweedmixturewouldnotconductelectricityif____.A.notleftinsaltwater B.notcombinedwithgrapheneC.itdidn’tgenerateahydrogel D.itcouldn’tsenseenoughpressure30.WhatmakestheSussexsensorspecialaccordingtoBoland?A.Itsfunction. B.Itsappearance.C.Itsmaterial. D.Itscost-effectiveness.31.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthefutureimpactoftheadvancement?A.Unidentified. B.Insignificant.C.Game-changing. D.Short-lived.【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国研究团队利用海藻和石墨烯开发出可食用、可降解的电子健康监测设备，具有环保与医疗双重价值。【28题详析】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“‘WatchingMasterChef,aUKcompetitivetelevisioncookingshow,Igotinspiredtouseseaweedinthelab,’saysDrBoland,amaterialsphysicslecturerattheUniversityofSussex.(‘观看英国电视烹饪比赛节目《厨艺大师》时，我受到了启发，想在实验室里使用海藻，’苏塞克斯大学材料物理学讲师博兰博士说。)”以及“Itgotmethinking:whatifwecoulddothatwithsensingtechnology?(这让我开始思考：如果我们能把这项技术用于传感技术呢？)”可知，此处“dothat”指的是使用海藻，即利用海藻的特性进行传感技术的开发。故选A。【29题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Seaweeditselfdoesn’tconductelectricity,buttheresearchersproducedanelectricallyconductivefilmbymeansofaddinggraphene(石墨烯)toaseaweedmixture.(海藻本身不导电，但研究人员通过在海藻混合物中添加石墨烯制成了一种导电薄膜。)”可知，如果海藻混合物没有与石墨烯结合，它就不会导电。故选B。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“‘Thehealthcareindustryhasalwaysdependedonunsustainablerubberorplastictocreatewearablemonitoringdevices,whichcanputhumanhealthatriskfrommicroplasticsleakingintowatersourcesastheybreakdown,’saysBoland.‘Incontrast,ourSussexsensorisfullybiodegradableaswellashighlyeffective.’(博兰说：‘医疗保健行业一直依赖不可持续的橡胶或塑料来制造可穿戴监测设备，这些设备在分解时，微塑料会泄漏到水源中，从而使人类健康面临风险。相比之下，我们苏塞克斯大学研发的传感器不仅完全可生物降解，而且非常有效。’)”可知，博兰认为Sussex传感器的特别之处在于它的材料，即可生物降解。故选C。【31题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Futureusesofclinical-gradewearablesensorsmightjustbelikeasecondskin:lightweight,easytoapply,andsafeduetotheirall-naturalelements.TheadvancementofBoland’steamwilldramaticallytransformhealthmonitoringtechnology,whichwillvastlyupgradetheentirepatientexperiencewhileremovingtheneedforhospitaltools,wiresandleads,’expressedDr.SueBaxter,DirectorofInnovationandBusinessPartnershipsattheUniversityofSussex.(苏塞克斯大学创新与商业合作主任苏·巴克斯特博士表示：‘未来临床级可穿戴传感器的使用可能就像第二层皮肤一样：轻便、易于使用，而且由于其天然成分而安全。博兰团队的进步将彻底改变健康监测技术，这将极大地提升整个患者的体验，同时消除对医院工具、电线和导线的需求。’)”可推知，这种进步的未来影响是具有变革性的，即“Game-changing”。故选C。DContrarytothegeneralopinionthatlargergroupsizelessenscooperation,newresearchshowsadaptiverelationshipsandinbornsociallypositivedesiresenablehumanstosucceedinlargersocialcircles.Associalcreatures,humansheavilyrelyonteamworkandcanformlargerandmorecomplexgroupsthanotheranimals.Traditionally,scientistsbelievedthatasgroupsgrowinsize,cooperationbecomesmoredifficult.Inlargegroups,listingoneconnectionmaynotseemsignificant,andinteractingwitheveryonesufficientlytobuildtrustbecomeschallenging.Earlierstudiesintensifiedthisbelief.ArecentstudyledbyReiAkaishiatRIKENCenterhasturnedthisassumptiononitshead,demonstratinglargergroupscanactuallyenhancegreatercooperation.Theresearchersconductedanexperiment.Participantsplayedagamewhereplayerschosebetweencooperatingandactingselfishly.Groupsizesrangedfromtwotosixpeople.Participantswereallowedtoleavegroupstheyfoundundesirableorremoveuncooperativemembers.Theirbrainactivitywasmonitoredthroughout.Theresultsshowedpeopleinlargergroupscooperatedmorefrequentlyandthetendencytocooperatemountedasgroupsizegrew.Whilegroupsizeitselfdidn’tdirectlypromotecooperativebehavior,itinfluencedhowpeoplemanagedmemoryandmadedecisionsduringsocialinteractions.Evenwhenparticipantsstruggledtoclearlyrecallpastinteractions,theyoftentendedtochoosetotrustorcooperate.Thissuggeststhatwhenmemorybecomesunclear,peopleprioritizecooperationoverwatchfulness,enablingsmoothergroupinteractions.Brainscansofferedfurtherinsightsintothedecision-makingprocess.Specificbrainregionsprocessedmemoriesofpastinteractionsrelatedtofeelingsofreward,weighingthesememoriesagainstpersonaltendenciesandguidingdecisionsaboutwhetheraparticipantshouldcooperatewithsomeonewhomighthavepreviouslydesertedthem.Whenmemorieswerelessreliable,thebrainappearedtonaturallyencouragecooperation,perhapsasawaytomaintaingroupharmony.Thesefindingssuggesthowhumansbuildtrustandinteractwithingroups.Ratherthanrelyingmerelyonstable,long-termrelationships,thestudyhighlightsthebenefitsofflexibleandadaptablesocialconnectionsforboostingcooperation.Thisinsightisparticularlyrelevantintoday’sworld,wheredigitalplatformsandonlinecommunitiesexpandonconstantlychangingrelationships.32.What’sthecommonbeliefaboutgroupsizeandcooperation?A.Biggergroupsfavorcooperation.B.Groupsizehasnotiewithcooperation.C.Biggergroupsnegativelyaffectcooperation.D.Groupsizeisdeterminedbycooperationlevels.33.Forparticipants,whichactionwaspermittedintheexperiment?A.Recordingothers’brainactivity.B.Changinggamerulesmidway.C.Dominatingtheentireexperiment.D.Kickingoutresistantmembers.34.Whatdoesparagraph5focuson?A.Howmemoriesdeterminedecision.B.Whyhumansenjoyaharmoniouslifestyle.C.Whythebraincanreleasesensoryinformation.D.Howthebrainfunctionsincooperationpromotion.35.What’sthepurposeoftheauthorbywritingthelastparagraph?A.TowarnofrisksofInternetaddiction.B.Toillustratethepracticalvalueofthefindings.C.Tocontrastonlineandofflinesocialbehaviors.D.Tocallforestablishingsoundsocialconnections.【答案】32.C33.D34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了最新研究发现人类在较大群体中反而可能展现出更强的合作倾向及其背后的脑机制与记忆作用。【32题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Traditionally,scientistsbelievedthatasgroupsgrowinsize,cooperationbecomesmoredifficult.Inlargegroups,listingoneconnectionmaynotseemsignificant,andinteractingwitheveryonesufficientlytobuildtrustbecomeschallenging.Earlierstudiesintensifiedthisbelief.(传统上，科学家们认为，随着群体规模的扩大，合作变得更加困难。在大群体中，列出一条联系可能看起来并不重要，而与每个人充分互动以建立信任也变得具有挑战性。早期的研究强化了这一观点)”可知，关于群体规模和合作的普遍看法是更大的群体对合作有负面影响。故选C。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Participantswereallowedtoleavegroupstheyfoundundesirableorremoveuncooperativemembers.(参与者被允许离开他们认为不理想的群体，或移除不合作的成员)”可知，在实验中，参与者被允许踢出不合作的成员。故选D。【34题详析】主旨大意题。根据第五段中“Brainscansofferedfurtherinsightsintothedecision-makingprocess.Specificbrainregionsprocessedmemoriesofpastinteractionsrelatedtofeelingsofreward,weighingthesememoriesagainstpersonaltendenciesandguidingdecisionsaboutwhetheraparticipantshouldcooperatewithsomeonewhomighthavepreviouslydesertedthem.Whenmemorieswerelessreliable,thebrainappearedtonaturallyencouragecooperation,perhapsasawaytomaintaingroupharmony.(脑部扫描为决策过程提供了进一步的见解。特定的大脑区域会处理与奖励感相关的过去互动的记忆，将这些记忆与个人倾向进行权衡，并指导参与者是否应该与之前可能抛弃过他们的人合作。当记忆不那么可靠时，大脑似乎会自然地鼓励合作，这或许是为了维持群体和谐的一种方式)”可知，第五段主要讲的是大脑在促进合作方面的功能。故选D。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thesefindingssuggesthowhumansbuildtrustandinteractwithingroups.Ratherthanrelyingmerelyonstable,long-termrelationships,thestudyhighlightsthebenefitsofflexibleandadaptablesocialconnectionsforboostingcooperation.Thisinsightisparticularlyrelevantintoday’sworld,wheredigitalplatformsandonlinecommunitiesexpandonconstantlychangingrelationships.(这些发现揭示了人类如何在群体中建立信任和互动。这项研究强调了灵活和适应性的社会关系对促进合作的好处，而不仅仅是依赖于稳定的长期关系。在当今世界，数字平台和在线社区在不断变化的关系中不断扩展，这一见解尤为重要)”可知，作者写最后一段的目的是说明这些发现的实用价值。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Curiosity,thedrivingforcebehindinnovation,creativity,andpersonalgrowth,keepsusquestioningtheworldaroundus,pushingustoseekoutnewknowledgeandexperiences.____36____It’saskillthatcanbedevelopedovertime.L