Unit 4 核心词汇句式拓展精讲

选择性必修二Unit4核心词汇句式拓展及巩固练习核心词汇1assistv．协助，帮助单句语法填空(1)Asanassistant,heassiststheprofessorwiththeexperiment.Andhisassistancemakestheexperimenteasiertodo.(assist)(2)Youwillbeemployedtoassistin/withthedevelopmentofnewequipment.(3)Theguidemanagedtoassistthetouriststofind(find)acomfortablehoteltolivein.一句多译在老师的帮助下，我逐渐适应了学校生活。(4)Withtheassistanceofmyteacher,Igraduallyadjustedtotheschoollife.(介词短语)(5)Assistedbymyteacher,Igraduallyadjustedtotheschoollife.(分词作状语)要点归纳(1)assistsbindoingsth/todosth帮助某人做某事assist(sb)with/insth帮助(某人)某事(2)assistancen.帮助；协助withtheassistanceof...在……的帮助下beofassistancetosb有助于某人turntosbforassistance向某人求助(3)assistantn.助手，助理；售货员2vitaladj.极其重要的，必不可少的单句语法填空(1)(2019·天津卷)Understandinghistoryisvitaltounderstanding(understand)ourselvesasapeopleandasanation.(2)What'smore,somedrivers,cyclistsandpedestriansdonotthinkitvitaltoobey(obey)trafficrules.补全句子(3)Besides,it'svitalthatyou(should)mindyourtablemannersinChinawhenyouattendadinnerparty.此外，在中国，当你参加晚宴时，注意餐桌礼仪是至关重要的。要点归纳(1)bevitalfor/tosth对……极为重要beofvitalimportanceto...对……至关重要(2)Itisvitalthatsb(should)dosth.……是极重要的。3relievev．给(某人)换班；解除；减轻，缓解(疼痛或不快的感觉)；调剂，使有趣单句语法填空(1)Yoursuggestionsarehelpfultomebecausetheyrelievemeofmypressurefromschoolwork.(2)Wewererelieved(relieve)tohearthatshewasoutofdanger.(3)Seeinghersonreturnhomesafely，shesmiledinrelief(relieve)．一句多译令父母感到宽慰的是，孩子们安全地到家了。(4)Totheparents'relief,theirchildrenarrivedathomesafely.(5)Tothereliefoftheparents,theirchildrenarrivedathomesafely.要点归纳(1)relievesbof...解除某人的(负担、职务等)(2)reliefn.减轻，缓解；宽慰，轻松toone'srelief＝tothereliefofsb令某人感到欣慰的是inrelief如释重负；松了口气Itisarelieftodosth.做某事很放心/舒心。(3)relievedadj.感到宽慰的，放心的4compensatev．弥补，补偿单句语法填空(1)Theinsurancecompanywillcompensateyouforyourlossinthedisaster.(2)Hereceivedalargesumofmoneyascompensation(compensate)forhislossinthefire.补全句子(3)Nothingcancompensateforthelossoftime.没有什么能弥补失去的时间。要点归纳(1)compensatefor赔偿，补偿compensatesbforsth因为某事补偿某人(2)compensationn.补偿，赔偿；赔偿金，补偿金5collaboratev．合作，协作单句语法填空(1)Wehavecollaboratedcloselywiththeuniversityonmanyprojectsforovertenyears.(2)Thetwocompaniesareworkinginclosecollaboration(collaborate)witheachother.补全句子(3)Weattachgreatimportancetotheclosecollaborationwithyourcompany.我们非常重视与贵公司的密切合作。要点归纳(1)collaboratewithsbonsth和某人在某事上合作collaboratewithsbindoingsth和某人合作做某事(2)collaborationn.合作，协作incollaborationwith与……合作6rewardingadj.值得做的；有益的；有意义的；有报酬的单句语法填空(1)(2020·浙江卷)FromBellevue'ssuccess,wecanlearnitisrewarding(reward)totrynewthings.(2)(2021·全国乙卷)Tomanypeople,savinglivesispartofthejobbutstylinghairisanextraandshouldberewarded(reward)．翻译句子(3)我很乐意带你游玩北京，以报答你的慷慨相助。I'mmorethanwillingtoshowyouaroundBeijinginrewardfor/asarewardforyourgeneroushelp.要点归纳rewardv.酬谢；奖励，奖赏n.奖金；回报；报酬rewardsbfor(doing)sth因(做)某事而奖赏/酬谢某人rewardsbwithsth用某物奖赏/回报某人inrewardfor为奖赏……；为报答……asarewardfor作为对……的奖赏/回报7dedicatev．致力于，献身于单句语法填空(1)ZhongNanshanfeltthatmedicinewasthemostimportantcausethathecoulddedicatehimselfto.(2)Chinawillcontinuetobededicatedtopromoting(promote)internationalcooperationinthisarea.(3)Theteacher'sdedication(dedicate)toteachinggainedtherespectofallhisstudents.一句多译50多年来，樊锦诗一直致力于保护和研究莫高窟。(4)FanJinshihasdedicatedherselftoprotectingandresearchingtheMogaoCavesformorethan50years.(5)FanJinshihasbeendedicatedtoprotectingandresearchingtheMogaoCavesformorethan50years.要点归纳(1)dedicateoneselfto(doing)sth致力于(做)某事，献身于(做)某事(2)dedicatedadj.献身的；专心致志的；一心一意的bededicatedto(doing)sth致力于(做)某事，献身于(做)某事(3)dedicationn.献身，奉献8invain白白地用in的相关短语填空(1)Everyoneisbuyingmoreclothesbutingeneralwearenotspendingmoremoneyonthem.(2)Shelovesthesonginparticular,becausehermotherusedtosingit.(3)Iknowyouhavemuchtime.Pleasetellusaboutthenewsindetail.补全句子(4)Alleffortswillbeinvainifwecan'tlearnEnglishbypractisingrepeatedly.如果我们不能通过反复练习来学习英语，所有的努力都将是徒劳的。要点归纳ingeneral总的来说；通常indetail详细地indanger处于危险中inparticular特别地；尤其9influentialadj.有影响力的单句语法填空(1)Confuciusisconsideredtobeoneofthemostinfluential(influence)figuresinChinesehistory.(2)(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceon/uponeatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.(3)Undertheinfluenceofahighschoolbiologyteacher,hetookupthestudyofmedicine.(4)Whatinfluencedyoutochoose(choose)acareerinnursing?补全句子(5)WatchingTVforalongtimehasagreatinfluenceon/uponchildren'shealth.长时间看电视对孩子的健康有很大的影响。要点归纳(1)beinfluentialin(doing)sth对(做)某事有影响(2)influencen.影响，作用v.影响，对……起作用haveaninfluenceon/upon对……有影响undertheinfluenceof...在……的影响下influencesbtodosth影响某人去做某事核心句式句型公式：Itis/hasbeen＋一段时间＋since...单句语法填空(1)IthasbeenthreeyearssinceIgraduated(graduate)fromcollege.(2)Itwillbesometimebeforeeveryoneaccepts(accept)hisidea.(3)ItwasalreadymidnightwhenIreturnedhomefrommyofficelastnight.(4)Itisusuallyat5：30pmthatthestudentsbegintohavesportsatschool.句型转换(5)Ihavebeenlearningwoodcarvingforhalfayear.→Itis/hasbeenhalfayearsinceIbegantolearnwoodcarving.(6)Afterashorttime,we'lladapttothenewenvironment.→Itwillbeashorttimebeforeweadapttothenewenvironment.要点归纳(1)Itis/hasbeen＋时间段＋since...意为“自从……以来已有一段时间了”。since引导的时间状语从句常用一般过去时。(2)Itwas＋时间段＋before...过了多久才……(3)Itwasnotlong＋before...没过多久就……(4)Itwill(not)be＋时间段＋before...要过多久才……/不久就……(5)It＋is/was＋时间状语＋that＋其他(6)Itis/was＋时间点＋when引导的定语从句或时间状语从句(1)since引导的从句中的动词常用非延续性动词，翻译时是肯定的，表示“自从……以来已有多久了”。It'sbeenamonthsinceIcametothisnewschool.自从我来到这所新学校已经有一个月了。(2)since引导的从句中的动词若为延续性动词，则翻译是否定的，即动作发生时间的起点应从从句动作结束时算起，表示“自从某动作结束以来已有多久了”。It'salreadyayearsincehelivedhere.自从他不住在这儿以来已有一年了。巩固练习一）用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)Totheirrelief(relieve),withtheguidanceofFather,theysuccessfullymadethebreakfast.2．(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷)Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluential(influence)whenwe'remakingdecisions.3．(2019·天津卷)Itwouldhelpshapearealistic(realize)andseriousattitudetolife.4．So,itmaybeonlyaminority(minor)ofyoungpeoplewhoplayclassicalinstruments.5．Podelladmitsthatshewasdoubtfulatfirst,butnowshedescribestheprojectasmutually(mutual)beneficial.6．Toavoidsuchconflicts,weshouldbekindtooneanother,whichisessentialtoenjoyaharmonious(harmony)life.二）固定用法和搭配1．Enoughsleepisvitalfor/tothestudents'