小升初英语精美讲义练习第13讲情态动词阅读理解A篇（牛津上海版试用本）（教师版）

授课主题第13讲情态动词+阅读A篇教学目标掌握情态动词的分类及意思；掌握情态动词的用法；掌握阅读A篇的做题技巧教学重难点重点：情态动词的具体运用难点：阅读A篇准确率的提高教学内容情态动词概念：情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，但要与动词原形及其被动语态一起使用，给谓语动词增添感情色彩，表示说话人对有关行为或事物的态度和看法，认为其可能、应该或必要等的动词。特征：不能单独作谓语，须和行为动词或系动词连用共同构成谓语;无人称和数的变化;后接动词原形（do/be）具有助动词作用（可用来构成否定句，疑问句及简明回答一、情态动词基本用法(一)can/could表示能力，意为“能、会”。Twoeyescanseemorethanone.

Couldthegirlreadshewenttoschool?

表示请求或允许，多用于口语中，意为“可以”，相当于may。Youcangonow.CanIhavealookatyournewpen?

Heaskedwhetherhecouldtakethebookoutofthereadingroom.较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Can(Could)youlendmeahand?

注意：情态动词的过去式除了表示过去的时间这一用法外，更多时候表达一种比原形更为委婉客气的语气。尤其在出现在宾语从句主句中时，并不影响从句的时态。may/might1.表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。Youmaytakewhateveryoulike.

HetoldmethatImightsmokeintheroom.

May(Might)Iaskforphotoyourbaby?

2.表示祝愿，常用于倒装结构中： Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！Mayallyourdreamsetrue!愿你梦想成真！must1.表示“必须”、“应当”。Wemustloveourcountry.我们要热爱祖国。Imusttakeadayofftomorrow.我明天必须请一天假。must的否定式（mustn’t）表示“不应该”、“不许可”、“不准”、“禁止”等，语气比较强烈。Youmustn’tspeakloudlyinthelibrary.不许在图书馆大声喧哗。Wemustn’twasteourtime.我们不应该浪费时间。need1.作情态动词时，接动词原形。仅用于否定句和疑问句，否定直接加not（needn’t）NeedweleavesoonYes,youmust.(No,youneedn't)Youneedn'thavehurried.作实义动词时，接带to的不定式。否定和疑问借助助动词完成（如didyouneed？didn'tneed）Heneedstoseeadoctor.Theydidn'tneedtostartsoearly.(donotneedtodo)【巩固练习1】1.Studentswearuniformsatschool.A.must B.can C.may D.need2.Wetalkorspeakloudlyinpublicplaceslikehospitals,librariesorcinemas.A.needn’t B.mustn’t C.maynotD.don’t3.youtellmehowtoimprovemymemory?A.DoB.Can C.Must D.Should4.Ineitherreadnorwriteatthattime.A.can B.may C.must D.could5.TheconductorsaidIgetoffatthenextstop.A.must B.hadto C.haveto D.wouldhavetoKeys:15ABBDDwould1.wouldlike；wouldliketodo=wantto想要Wouldyouliketogowithme?想和我一块去吗？2.Wouldyoulike…?表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some,而不是any。Wouldyoulikesomecake?吃点蛋糕吧。注意：句子中的would并不是will的过去式，而是表示比will更加委婉的语气wouldrather表示"宁愿"wouldratherdowouldrathernotdohavetohaveto表示客观的需要Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemiddleofthenight.弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）haveto有人称、数、时态的变化Hehadtolookafterhissisteryesterday.他昨晚只得照顾他姐姐。否定结构中：don'thaveto表示"不必"Youdon'thavetotellhimaboutit.你不一定要把此事告诉他。【指点迷津】haveto，must的区别(1)两者都可以表示“必须”，后面都接动词原形，但haveto表示在有外来压力的情况下不得不做某事，而must表示说话人的主观看法。e.g.It’slate.Ihavetogo.天色不早了，我得走了。Youmustbecareful!你必须小心！(2)haveto可用于多种时态，而must则不可以。e.g.Shehadtolookafterhersickmotheryesterday.昨天她不得不照顾她生病的妈妈。Iwillhavetofinishtheworktomorrow.我明天必须完成这项工作。(3)否定形式don't/doesn'thaveto表示“不必”，而mustn't则表示“不应该；禁止”。e.g.Youdon'thavetowaitforme.你不必等我。Wemustn'tcutinline.我们不应该插队。【巩固练习2】()1.You_____goandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou'regotafever.A.canB.mustC.mayD.will()2.ShallIgetonemorecakeforyou,DadThanks,butyou______,I'vehadenough.A.maynotB.mustnotC.can'tD.needn't()3.______Itakethisone?A.MayB.WillC.AreD.Do()4.Thechildren______playfootballontheroad.A.can'tB.canC.mustn'tD.must()5.You______belateforschoolagainnexttime.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.don'thavetoD.don'tneedto()6.MustIdomyhomeworkatonceNo,you______.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.maynot()7.Hisarmisallright.He______goandseethedoctor.A.hasnottoB.don'thavetoC.haven'ttoD.doesn'thaveto()8.Excuseme._______youpleasepassmethatcup?A.DoB.ShouldC.WouldD.Must()9.WouldyouliketogoboatingwithusYes,_______.A.I'dlikeB.IwantC.I'dliketoD.Ido()10.You_______worryaboutyourson.Hewillgetwellsoon.A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.havetoKeys:BDACAADCCAshallshall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。Whatshallwedothisevening?今天晚上我们做什么？shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示Whenshallhebeabletoleavethehospital?shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁Youshallfailifyoudon'tworkharder.（警告）HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.（允诺）Heshallbepunished.（威胁）should表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。Youshouldbepolitetoyourteachers.

Youshouldn’twasteanytime.

表推测，意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。Thefilmshouldbeverygoodasitisstarringfirstclassactors.

Theyshouldbehomebynow.

【巩固练习3】()1.Mr.Wang______beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t()2.MustIstayathome,MumNo,you______.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.don’tD.maynot()3.Canyougoswimmingwithusthisafternoon?Sorry,Ican’t.I_____takecareofmylittlesisterathomebecausemymotherisill.A.canB.mayC.wouldD.haveto()4.–MayIgotothecinema,Mum?Certainly.Butyou______bebackby11o’clock.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need()5.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish______intotheriver.A.needn’tbethrownB.mustn’tbethrownC.can’tthrowD.maynotthrow()6.MayIgoouttoplaybasketball,DadNo,you______.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.couldn’tD.needn’t()7.–WhereisJack,pleaseHe_____beinthereadingroom.A.canB.needC.wouldD.must()8.Whoisthemanoverthere?IsitMr.LiNo,it______behim.Mr.Liismuchtaller.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t()9.Thesebooks______outofthereadingroom.Youhavetoreadthemhere.A.can’ttakeB.mustbetakenC.cantakeD.mustn’tbetaken()10.Mum,mayIwatchTVnowSure,butyou______helpmewithmyhouseworkfirst.A.canB.mayC.mustD.couldKeys：1—5CADCB6—10ADCDC【A篇阅读】四选一题型有：细节题、词义猜测题、主旨题、推断题。考查的能力：（1）从语篇中获取事实信息的能力（80%）；（2）根据上下文理解词句意义的能力；（3）理解和归纳语篇主旨大意的能力；（4）推测语篇隐含意义的能力。方法：1.通读全文，理解文章主旨以及框架，知道主要内容和细节内容。2.审题找关键，原文对应找信息。3.选项进行对比。3.猜测词义的方法：定义法、同义词反义词法、总分法、解释说明法等。4.主旨大意方法：标题展开法、总结段落大意法等。【精讲练习】(一)Onedayawisemanwenttoabigparty.Hewaswearingoldclothes,andwhenhecamein,nobodylookedathimandnobodygavehimaseat.Sothemanwenthome,putonhisbestclothes,andthenwentbacktothepartyagain.Thehostatoncegotupandcametomeethim.Hetookhimtothebesttable,gavehimagoodseatandgavehimthebestdishes.Themanputhiscoatinthefoodandsaid,"Eat,mydearcoat!"Theotherpeoplewereverysurprisedandasked,"Whatareyoudoing,sir?"Themanansweredslowly,"I'minvitingmycoattoeat.WhenIwaswearingmyoldclothes,nobodylookedatmeorgavemefoodordrinks.ThenIwenthomeandcamebackintheseclothes,andyougavemethebestfoodanddrinks.Soyousee,thesethingsareformyclothes,notformyself!"()1.Themanwenttoapartyinhis______atfirst. A.bestcloth B.oldcloth C.bestclothes D.oldclothes()2.______weledthemanwhenhecamein. A.Nobody B.Everybody C.Somebody D.Anybody()3.Hewasvery______andhewentbackhometochangehisclothes. A.happy B.good C.angry D.bad()4.Themanlet______eatthedeliciousfood. A.thehost D.hisclothes C.everybody D.himself ()5.Themangaveeverybody______. A.agoodlesson B.apresent C.bestclothes D.oldclothes(二)Joehadaholiday,sohedecidedtogototheseashoreforafewdays.Hegotonatrainonemorning,andanhourlaterhewasinasmalltown.Hegotoffthetrainandleftthestation.Afewminuteslater,hesawasmallhotelandwentin.Heaskedtheownerhowmuchitwouldcostforonenightthere."Fifteendollars,"theowneranswered."That'smorethanIcanreallyafford(支付),"Joesaidsadly."Allright,"theowneranswered."Ifyoumakeyourbedyourself,youcanhavetheroomfortendollars."Joewasveryhappybecausehealwaysmadehisownbedathome."Okay,"hesaid,"I'lldothat."Theownerwentintoaroomattheback,openedacloset,tooksomethingsoutandcamebacktoJoe."Hereyouare,"hesaid,andgavehimahammer(铁锤)andsome()1.IttookJoe togettotheseashore.A.anhour B.afewdaysC.afewminutes D.tenminutes()2.Joedecidedtogotoseashorefor .A.oneday B.afewdays C.amonth D.alongtime( )3.Theusualpriceofaroominthesmallhotelwas foronenight.A.lessthanfifteendollars B.onethousandcentsC.fifteenyuan D.fifteendollars( )4.Joewaswillingtopay _forhisroom.A.tendollars B.fifteendollarsC.fifteenyuan D.onethousandcents()5.TheownerwantsJoeto .A.cleanhisquiltinthemorning B.buildabedforhimselfC.buyabed D.borrowabedforhimself()6.Johnalwaysmadehisownbed .A.athome B.inhotels C.atwork D.onholidays()7.Joewenttotheseashore .A.onbusiness B.tovisithisfriendC.tovisithotel D.tospendhisholidayKeys:ABCABAD选择最恰当的答案：1.You______goandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou'regotafever.A.can B.must C.dare D.would2.

Must

we

e

tomorrow_____A.

No,

you

can't

B.

No,

you

needn'tC.

No,

you

mustn'tD.

No,

you

may

not3.We______pickflowersorswiminthelakeintheNaturePark.A.mustnotB.mustnoC.mustdon'tD.mustnotto4.MustwehandinourexercisetodayNo,you______.D.can't5.TomandJerry,______talknoisilyhere;yourfatherissleeping. 6.We______anyvegetablesorchipsbecausewehavealotinthebasket.A.needn'ttobuyB.don'tneedtobuyC.notneedtobuy D.neednotbuying7.Wherethereisatyphoon,astrongwindblowawaypotsoutsideourflats.A.shouldB.mayC.must D.need8.__________wegotoschoolonSundayNo,you__________. A.Must,mustn’t B.Need,Needn’tC.Must,needn’t D.Need,mustn’t9.MayIreadthisbookafterclass_________. A.Yes,youmust B.No,youneedn't C.Sure D.Youmay10.MustIfinishmyhomeworknowNo,_________.It'sstillearly.A.Ineedn't B.youmustn't C.youneedn't D.Imustn't11.We________somefattocookthedish.A.needn'tto B.needC.don'tneedhave D.needhave12.Wedrinkalotofwatereveryday. A.mustn’t B.may C.should D.can’t13.–MayIhavealookatyourphotos–. A.Yes,youmust. B.No,youneedn’t. C.Sure. D.Youmay.14.You_________walkonthegrass.It'sourrule. A.don't B.mustn't C.mustD.shouldKeys：BBDABCBBCCCBCCB二、句转：Icanfeelsomethingswithmyhands.(否定句)Isomethingswithmyhands.Wecantastethedrinks.(一般疑问句)youthedrinks.Thatboycanplaythepiano.(对划线部分提问)canthatboy__________?Supergirlcanhearanoisenow.(否定句)Supergirlanoisenow.Thechildcanplayonthegrass.(对划线部分提问)thechildcanplay?and,at,watch,girls,the,TV,boys,home,can(连词成句)___________________________________7.Let'smakeaclassruleposterforourclass.（改变句子结构，不改句子意思）__________________makeaclassruleposterforourclass?8.Don'twalkonthegrass.（保持句意不变）______________walkonthegrass.9.Hewouldliketobeateacherinthefuture.（保持句意不变）He________________beateacherinthefuture.10.Heneed100yuantobuythefood.(改为一般疑问句)_________he__________100yuantobuythefood?Keys:1.can'tfeel2.Cantaste3.Whatdo4.can'thear5Wherecan6.TheboysandgirlscanwatchTVathome.7.Shallwe8.Wemustn’t9.wantsto10.Doesneed三、阅读练习：Choosethebestanswer(根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案)HouseForSale

RedRoseGarden,Pudong

3storeyhome,509sqmtotallandarea,428.8sqmbuiltin,312.9sqmgarden.

AskingRMB13million(USDl.57million).

MP/p>

Tel:021—58609228

Fax:021—58609728JobWantedCherry,24,ashininggirl,goodatoralEnglishandputonghua.NowIamworkingataninternationaltrade(国际贸易)panyinGuangzhou.Iamkindhearted,hardworkingandhealthy.Iwouldlikeparttimeweekendworkofferingputonghualessonstoforeignfriends.Ifyouareinterested,pleaseemailmeatcherryif@hotmail.BeijingSnowWorldSkiPark

Price:18yuan(ticketforentering),50yuan／houronweekdaysand70yuan／houratweekends,120yuan／fourhoursonweekdaysand190yuan／fourhoursatweekends.

Tel:010—69191617( )1.IfanAustralianstudentwantstolearnChinese,heorshecan__________.A.call021—58609228B.fax021—58609728C.emailcherryif@hotmailD.telephone01069191617( )2Howmanysquaremetersisthegardenofthehouseforsale?A.509sqmB.428.8sqm C.312.9sqmD.741.7sqm( )3.WhereisCherryworkingnow?A.Shanghai B.Guangzhou C.Beijing D.Pudong( )4IfNickgoesskiinginBeijingSnowWorldSkiPark,hehastopaymoremoneyon______thanonTuesday.A.Sunday B.Friday C.Wednesday D.Monday( )5.Ifyouwanttoskiforeighthoursonweekdays,howmuchmoneywillyoupayatleast?A.240yuan B.138yuan C.258yuan D.398yuan( )6.Wherecanyouprobablyfindthispassage?A.Inapoetry.B.Inastorybook.C.Inafashionmagazine.D.Inanewspaper.Keys:CCBACD阅读短文，按首字母填空Oneday,WangHaihadatoothache,sohewenttos1thedentist.“What'sw2withyourteeth?”thedentistaskedWangHai.“Ihaveatoothache,”WangHaianswered.“Letmeseeyourteeth.Um,there'saholeino3ofyourteeth.“Doyoueatalotofsweetfood?"thedentistasked."Yes,Ido.Iofteneatchocolate,icec4andbiscuits.”WangHaianswered."Allthoseareharmfultoyourteeth.Youmusteatlesss5foodandbrushyourteetheveryday.Nowletmefillyourtooth,”saidthedentist.Keys:1.see2.wrong3.one4.cream5.sweet注意区分must引导的一般疑问句肯定和否定的回答方式：注意区别haveto和must的用法：一、选择最佳答案：( )(1)CanI_______yourtelephone?A.touse B.using C.use( )(2)We_______finishtheworkintime.Weneedmoretime.A.canB.mayC.can't( )(3)Thetrainisleavingin5minutes.We_______hurryup.A.can B.must C.mustn't( )(4)MustwedoexercisesontheplaygroundYes,you_______.A.must B.mustn't C.needn't( )(5)MusttheywritethepositioninEnglishNo,they_______.A.mustn'tB.needC.needn't( )(6)You_______doitbyyourself.Nobodyelse_______helpyou.A.need...mayB.must...can C.can't...need( )(7)Henry'sfatherisadoctor.He_______beafireman.A.must B.can C.can't( )(8)Canacrocodile?A.swims B.swim C.swimming( )(9)We_______eatordrinkintheclassroom.Thatistheclassrule.A.mustB.mustn'tC.can't( )(10)A:MustIcleantheroomnowB:No,_______. A.youmustn't B.youcan'tC.youneedn't( )(11)_______wegotoschoolonSundayNo,you_______. A.Must,mustn’t B.Need,Needn’t C.Must,needn’t ( )(12)We_________tobuyapplesandstrawberries,whereshallwego? A.need B.needs C.needed Keys:CCBACBCBBCCA二、按要求写句子：(1)ImustreadEnglisheverymorning.(改成否定句)I__________________readEnglisheverymorning.(2)Wendy'sauntcanplaythepianoverywell.(对划线部分提问)_________Wendy'sauntcan_________verywell.(3)CanyoulendmesomeEnglishbooks?(保持原句意思)MayI__________afewEnglishbooks__________you?(4)Youmustn'tsmokehere.（保持原句意思）__________________here.(5)Don'tleaverubbishonthefloor.（意思相同）We________________leaverubbishonthefloor.(6)Let’sspreadsomejamonthebread.（改变句子结构，不改句子意思） Spreadsomejamonthebread?（Shallwe）(7)Youmustnotmakeanynoiseintheroom.（改为祈使句）__________________anynoiseintheroom.(Don’tmake)(8)don’t,classroom,other,in,chase,each,the.(连词成句)_____________________________________________Keys:Mustn’treadwhatdoborrowfromdon’tsmokemustnotshallwedon’tlikeDon’tchaseeachotherintheclassroom.C：首字母填空Theword“family”meansd_86___thingsindifferentcountries.Insomecountries,grand