小升初专项突破之语法精讲（含典型例题）-6

小升初语法易错题专项突破系列专题八陈述句一、定义用来说明一个事实或表达说话人的看法、观点的句子叫做陈述句。陈述句朗读时通常用降调，句末用句号。例：Sheisagoodstudent.她是一个好学生。Wearegoingtodoourhomeworkafterclass.放学后我们做家庭作业。二、分类及其用法★★陈述句的肯定式★★①主语＋系动词＋表语②主语＋谓语动词③主语＋谓语动词＋宾语④主语＋谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语⑤主语＋谓语动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 例：Todayissunny.今天天气晴朗。Shelaughed.她笑了。Ilikespring.我喜欢春天。Hegavemeabook.他给了我一本书。WecallhimTom.我们称呼他汤姆。★★陈述句的否定式★★①主语＋be动词＋not＋其他②主语＋助动词＋not＋实义动词＋其他③主语＋情态动词＋not＋实义动词＋其他 例：Heisnotadoctor.他不是医生。Mikedidn'tplayfootballyesterday.迈克昨天没有踢足球。Ican'tsing.我不会唱歌。【注意】否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加了否定词“not”。★有动词be的句子则“not”加在be的后面，可缩写成isn't(wasn't)或aren't(weren't)。但amnot一般都分开写。★没有be动词的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do，does，did)，然后在它后面加上“not”，也可以把它们缩写成“don't，doesn't，didn't”，这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时且主语是第三人称单数的情况，而did只用于一般过去式，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用did。否定式的缩写形式isnot＝isn't arenot＝aren'tdonot＝don't doesnot＝doesn'tdidnot＝didn't willnot＝won'twerenot＝weren't wasnot＝wasn't典例精讲：

1.Thereissomethingwrongwiththebike.___________________________________________________________________________2.Jackwaslateforschool.___________________________________________________________________________3.WendydoessomeshoppingonSundays.___________________________________________________________________________4.Hermotherhadalotofbeautifuldresses.___________________________________________________________________________5.IcanspeakEnglishverywell.___________________________________________________________________________6.ShespeaksFrench.___________________________________________________________________________7.Hisfatherhadanexpensivecarlastyear.___________________________________________________________________________8.ThechildrenarewatchingTV.___________________________________________________________________________Key:1.Thereisn’tanythingwrongwiththebike.2.Jackwasn’tlateforschool.3.Wendydoesn’tdoanyshoppingonSundays.4.Hermotherdidn’thavealotofbeautifuldresses.5.Ican’tspeakEnglishverywell.6.Shedoe