名师原创：Unit6 单元考点突破（一）

17/17名师原创：Unit6单元考点突破（一）●词汇精讲1.sufferv.(身体或精神上)受苦；遭受【原句再现】Peoplesufferfromhighfever,seriousvomitingandterribleheadacheswhentheyhavethedisease.(教材P52)【词块积累】sufferingn．受苦，苦难sufferern．受苦者，受难者sufferaheartattack心脏病突发suffer作及物动词时，指遭受一般的痛苦、损害等，其宾语一般是loss，pain，punishment，defeat，hardship，disappointment等。suffer作不及物动词时，常与from连用。sufferfrom指遭受战争、自然灾害带来的苦难及患病之苦。【精品例句】Alargequantityofmoneyhasbeencollectedtohelpthosesufferingfromthefloods.已经募集了大量的善款来帮助那些遭受洪灾的人们。Thegraduatesufferedadefeatinthejobinterview.这名毕业生在求职面试时遭遇了失败。Ourlifeisbecomingbetterandbetterwhileinsomecountriestherearestillsomepeoplesufferingfromhunger.我们的生活越来越好，但在一些国家有些人仍在挨饿。【高考链接】Doeshesuffer_______anykindofmentaldisability?(陕西卷)(from)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Webegantobrainstormwayswecouldhelptoeasethe____(suffer)(suffering)2.apartfrom除了……外(还)；此外【原句再现】Malariakillsover1,000,000peopleayear—morepeoplethananydiseaseapartfromAIDS.(教材P52)【词块积累】apartfrom具有下列三层含义：※相当于aswellas/inadditionto/besides…指“除……之外(还)；此外；加之”，强调“另外还有”；※相当于asidefrom…指“除了……外”；※相当于exceptfor…指“除了……外(都)；要不是”，是在对某人或某物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足之处。※take...apart将……拆开※tellsb./sth.apart把某人/某物区分开【精品例句】Apartfromtheboringfightbetweenthetwoheroes，itisareallygoodmovie.除了两个主人公之间乏味的打斗以外，这部电影还真的不错Apartfrombeingapainter，sheisalsoayogacoach.除了是位画家，她还是个瑜伽教练Apartfromtheconstructionmentionedabove，youhavealsolearnedthefollowingphrases.除了以上提到的结构，你也学会了下面的词组【高考链接】Apartnaturalandculturalwonders,Hangzhouisalsofamousforitsculinarydelights.(山东卷)(from)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Except______theending，it'sareallygoodfilm.(for)Theyaresoalike，andit'sdifficulttotellthem_______．(apart)3.provevt.证明;证实；(用作系动词)证明是;被发现是【原句再现】Thedrugwithartemisininhasprovedtobethemosteffectivecure.(教材P52)【词块积累】provesthtosb.向某人证明某事,此时不能说provesb.Svesb/sth(tobe)+adj/n证明某人/某物是…prove+that/wh-从句…..证明….itisprovedthat…据证实/证明…;经证实…..proveoneself(tosb)（向某人）证明自己【精品例句】JustgivemeachanceandI’llproveittoyou.给我一个机会，我会证明给你看Theyputmeinprison,but,intheend,Iwasprovedinnocent.他们把我关进监狱，但我最终被证明是清白的ThesestatisticsprovethatgatheringinformationistheprimaryusefortheInternet.这些统计数据证明网络的主要用途是收集信息Thechallengeprovedhowdifficultitistodriveacrossadesertwithoutguidance.这个挑战证明在没有引导的情况下开车穿越沙漠是多么的困难WhenIfirststartedthisjob,IfeltIhadtoprovemyself.我刚开始干这份工作的时候，觉得必须证明一下自己的实力Heproved(tobe)anhonestfriend.事实表明他是一个诚实的朋友【高考链接】It_____(prove)thateatingvegetablesinchildhoodhelpstoprotectyouagainstseriousillnessesinlaterlife.(陕西卷)(hasbeenproved)【考点训练】翻译下列句子事实证明了这本书非常成功(Thebookhasproved(tobe)verysuccessful.)他证明了自己的驾驶技术胜过世界冠军(Heprovedhimself(tobe)abetterdriverthantheworldchampion.)4.stagen．(发展或进展的)时期；阶段；(多指剧场中的)舞台【原句再现】AttheNobelPrizeLectureon7December,2015,and84-year-oldChinesewomanwalkedslowlyontothestage.(教材P52)【词块积累】goonstage上台（表演/演出）；当演员beonstage在舞台上（表演/演出）；当演员atdifferentstagesofdevelopment在不同发展时期温馨告知：stage做先行词，后接where、when或inwhich，引导的定语从句，并在从句中做状语。【精品例句】Whensheisonstageperformingordancing，sheshowsgreatcharisma.当她在台上表演、跳舞时，她非常有魅力Thechildrenareatdifferentstagesofdevelopment.这些孩子处于不同的成长阶段Hewastoonervoustogoonstage.他太紧张了，不敢上台【高考链接】NosoonerhadMoYanstepped______thestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.(江西课改卷)(on)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Ourcountryhasgoneintoastage_____economywilldevelopfasterthanbefore.(when/during/inwhich)SteveandIwereatverydifferent_______(stage)inourseparatecareers.(stages)5.awardvt.授予；授奖；颁奖n．奖品【原句再现】ThewomanwasTuYouyou,thefirstChinesefemalescientisttobeawardedaNobelPrizeforherwork.(教材P52-53)【词块积累】anawardof$1000010000美元的奖金win/receive/get/obtain/gainanaward(from….)(从……)赢得/得到/获得奖项awardsb.sth.(forsth.)(因某事)颁发给某人某物awardsth.tosb.=awardsb.sth.授予某人某物【精品例句】Theawardforthisyear’sbestactresswenttoJenniferLawrence.本年度最佳女演员的得奖者是詹妮弗.劳伦斯。TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.=TheyawardedthefirstprizetoJohn.他们授予约翰一等奖。Thecourtawardeddamagesof$5,000totheinjuredman.法庭判给伤者5000美元的赔偿金。Amedalwasawardedtothebestspellerintheclass.班里拼写最好的学生荣获了一枚奖章。Thejudgeawardedhimalargesumofmoneyasdamages.法官判给他一大笔伤害赔偿金Medalswereawardedtothebestspeakersonthedebatingteam.奖章被授予辩论队中的最佳演说者Thechildsmiledathisteacherashereceivedtheaward.这个孩子获奖时朝他的老师笑了【高考链接】Theboywasproudto_________(award)bythegovernmentforhissavingthewoman’slife.(陕西卷)(beawarded)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式_________(award)bytheschoolforhersavingthebaby'slife，thegirlwasveryproud.(Awarded)Theworkerwasproudtoreceive________awardfromthefactoryforhissavingtheboy'slife.(an)6.expertn.专家；行家adj.熟练的；内行的；专家的【原句再现】Later,shestudiedChinesemedicinefortwoandahalfyearswithexpertsinthefieldfromwhoshegainedadeepknowledgeabouttraditionalpractices.(教材P53)【词块积累】anexpertin/onpsychology心理学专家anexpertatplayinggolf打高尔夫的高手expertlyadv.熟练地anexpertin/atdoingsth.……方面的专家/能手beexpertat/indoingsth.在做某事方面是内行/专家【精品例句】Heisexpertat/indrivingcars.他开车技术很娴熟Heisanexpertin/atpsychology.他是心理学方面专家Tomisanexpertatplayinggolf.汤姆擅长打高尔夫Couldyougivemeyourexpertadvice?你能给我一些内行的建议吗【高考链接】Hecanrunthismachine_______(expert).(山西卷)(expertly)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Tomisanexpertat_____(play)golf.(playing)7.establishvt.建立；创立；设立；确立；立足【原句再现】In1969,TuYouyouwaschosentoestablishateamtofindacureformalaria—adiseasethatkilledmillionsofpeopleeveryyear.(教材P53)【词块积累】establishedadj.确立的；确定的establishmentn.建立；设立；确立aneducationestablishment一个教育机构establishcontact/arelationshipwith…与…建立联系、关系establishsb./sth.as…把….确立为….【精品例句】Thecompanywasestablishedin1980.这家公司成立于1980年Bythenshewasestablishedasafamousstar.那时她的明星地位已得到确立Thisunitisanestablishedpartofthecourse.这个单元是本课程既定的一部分Thespeakerannouncedtheestablishmentofanewcollege.发言人宣布了新学院的成立Bythe1920sthefilmindustrywaswellestablishedinHollywood,California.至二十世纪二十年代，电影业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞已站稳脚跟【高考链接】By1909,Picassohadestablishedhimself_____apainterofgreattalentinParis.(陕西卷)(as)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Thisnovelestablishedthereputationhestillenjoystoday_______oneofAmerica’sgreatestwriters.(as)8.successn.成功；成功的人/事【原句再现】Theytestedmorethan240,000chemicalswithnosuccess.(教材P53)【词块积累】achieve/earn/wingreatsuccessinlife在人生中取得巨大的成就successfuladj.成功的(be)successfulin(doing)sthsuccessfullyadv.成功地asuccessfulcareer/plan成功的事业/计划succeedvi成功;办成;vi.(在事业上)取得成功;功成名就;vt接替;替换;vi继承(财产、地位等)succeedindoingsthawomanwhosucceededinpolitics在政界很有成就的一位女性【精品例句】Ifatfirstyoudon’tsucceed,tryagain.若首次不成功，那就再试一次Owingtoherassistance,wesucceededinstartingtheengine.多亏她帮忙,我们才把车发动起来Everyonewantstosucceedatwork.每个人都希望在工作中有所成就Hewillsucceedhisfatherasmanageroftheshop.他将接替父亲担任商店的经理ThiscarisintendedtosucceedthepopularFiesta.这款汽车是为了取代广受欢迎的福特嘉年华而推出的Hesucceededtohisuncle'sproperty.他继承了伯父的财产Whenthekingdied,hiseldersonsucceededtothethrone.国王死后，他的长子继承了王位【高考链接】Theywereverysuccessful_______achievingbothaims.(天津卷)(in)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Heis______greatsuccessasawrier.(a)Heissuccessful____hiscareer.(in)9.limitn.界限;边界;限度;限制;极限;vt.限制;限定【原句再现】Thereasonwhythiswasdifficultwasthattheteamhadlimitedresources.(教材P53)【词块积累】limitableadj.可限制的limitlessadj.无限(制)的limitedadj.有限的;不多的limitationn.限制;局限inthecitylimits在市区内withinatwenty-milelimit二十英里范围内atime/speedlimit时间/速度限制withinlimitsof…在…范围内limit...to…将.限制在(某范围内)Thereisnolimitto...……是无限的withoutlimit无限(制)地【精品例句】Hetriedmypatiencetoitslimits.他把我的耐心逼到了极限I'mwillingtohelp,withinlimits.我愿意适度地帮忙Somecountriesevenlimitthenumberofvisitorstotheircountryeachyear一些国家甚至限制每年到他们国家的游客数量Alackofformaleducationwilllimityourjobopportunities.缺乏正规教育会限制你的就业机会Ibelieveteachingshouldnotbelimitedtotheclassroom.我认为教学不应该局限于教室之内Ilimitmyselftotwocupsofcoffeeaday.我只允许自己一天喝两杯咖啡Theamountofmoneywehaveislimited.我们现有的钱【高考链接】Knowledgeandlearningareimportantifwewanttobesuccessful,buttheymayalsoourthinking.(湖北)directB.limitC.changeD.improve(B)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Thisdictionaryusesa_____(limit)numberofwords,around2,000,initsdefinitions.(limited)Youshouldlimityourspeed____70kilometerperhour.(to)10.failvt&vi不能；未能；失败；没通过（考试）；不及格；评定（某人）不及格；出故障；失灵；（常用进行时，指健康、体力、视力等）衰退；减弱；消失；使失望；使无能为力【原句再现】However,afterhundredsoffailedexperiments,theyeventuallycameacrossapromisingchemical.(教材P53)【词块积累】failtodosth.未能/不能做某事；做某事失败failinsth.…不及格failure失败；失败的人/事；故障；失灵thepowerfailure停电theenginefailure发动机出故障【精品例句】Wetriedbutfailed.我们尝试过，可是失败了Itisveryimportanttofindoutwhyyoufailedtoachieveyourgoal.找到没实现目标的原因很重要Ipassedinhistorybutfailed(in)chemistry.我通过了历史考试，但化学不及格Herworkwassobadthattheteacherhadnochoicebuttofailher.她考得太差，老师只能给她不及格Hesawaterribleaccidentinwhichatram’sbrakesfailed.他看见一起可怕的事故，一辆有轨电车的制动装置失灵了Hiseyesightisfailing.他的视力日渐衰退Whenweneededhishelp,hefailedus.我们需要他帮助的时候，他却让我们失望了Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失败是成功之母Infact,hethoughtofhimselfasafailure.事实上，他认为自己是个失败者【高考链接】Williamfounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,forhiseyesightwasbeginningto______.(全国卷)A.disappearB.fallC.failD.damage(C)Words______mewhenIwantedtoexpressmythankstohimforhavingsavedmysonfromtheburninghouse.(湖南卷)A.failedB.leftC.discouragedD.disappointed(A)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Ineverfail_______(phone)myparentsontheirbirthday.(tophone)11.volunteern.志愿者；义务工作者；自告奋勇者；v.自愿做；义务做；无偿做voluntaryadj.自愿的；志愿的【原句再现】TuYouyoubravelyvolunteeredtobethefirsthumansubjectwhentheywerereadytostarttestingandtherestofherteamfollowedher.(教材P53)【词块积累】volunteertodosth.志愿/自愿做某事【精品例句】Allcontributionsarevoluntary.所有捐赠都是自愿的。Sheoftenvolunteerstogivethepatientsahandforfreeatthehospital.她经常在这家医院自愿帮助患者。【高考链接】______(Volunteer)don’texpectanykindofpay.(四川卷)(Volunteers)【考点训练】在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式TangLingvolunteered___________(help)thewelfarehouse.(tohelp)Shehasbeen______(volunteer)hertimeandtalentstotheworkformorethan40years.(volunteering)12.selectv.(经过认真思考而)挑选;选择;选拔【原句再现】In2019,shewasselectedbytheBBCasoneofthemostinfluentialfiguresofscienceinthe20thcenturyalongwithAlbertEinsteinandAlanMathisonTuring.(教材P53)【词块积累】selection可选之人或物;选集selectiveadj.慎重选择的;精挑细选的makeaselection作出选择selectsb./sth.forsth.selectsb/sthtodosthselectsb/sthassthSelectionsFromCharlesDickens《狄更斯选集》辨析：select,choose,pick三者都有“选择”之意。select指“精选”，是从同类的许多事物或人中仔细辨别后选出最合适的；choose泛指选择，可不带宾语；pick表示挑出一个或数个最佳者，通常所指的事项不很重大，是不太正式的用词【精品例句】Pleaseselectafewnicestrawberriesforyoursister.请给你妹妹精心挑选一些好的草莓.Weofferawiderangeofholidaystochoosefrom.我们有各种旅游度假方式可供选择。Shepickedapieceofcakeforherself.她为自己挑了一块蛋糕【高考链接】He'stheonlystudentintheclassthathasbeenselectedtotakepartintheModelUnitedNationsconference.(湖北卷)【考点训练】翻译下列句子他挑了一部手机自用(Heselectedamobilephoneforpersonaluse.)他希望入选国家队(Hehadhopesofbeingselectedforthenationalteam.)李先生被评为年度最佳教师。(Mr.LiwasselectedastheBestTeacheroftheYear.)你可以从多种交通工具中进行选择(Youcanchoosefromawiderangeofvehicles.)13.achievevt.取得；完成；实现【原句再现】TuYouyouwasnotedforherbraveryinbeingascientistduringadifficulttimeforscienceinChina,herabilitytouseoldwisdomandnewmethodstoachievehergoalsandthefactthatherworkbridgedtheEasternandWesternworld,sayingmillionsoflives.（教材P53）【词块积累】achievesuccess取得成功achieveone’sgoal/dream实现目标/梦想achievementn.成绩；成就greatscientificachievements伟大的科学成就asenseofachievement成就感【精品例句】Iusedtotryeffectivemethodstoachievemyacademicgoals.为了实现我的学习目标，我曾尝试过一些有效的方法Noonecanachieveanythingwithouteffort.没有人不努力就有所成就Hehadachievedwhathethoughtwasimpossible.他做成了自己以为不可能的事Heisanexcellentlawyerwithagoodbrainandadeterminationtoachieve.他是位优秀律师，具有好的头脑和取得成功的决心Seeingthelinesoftreeswehadplanted,weallhadasenseofachievement.看见亲手种下的一排排树，我们大家都有一种成就感Hewasawardedaprizeforhisachievementsinphysics.他因在物理学上的成就而获奖【高考链接】Lucyhas_____allofthegoalsshesetforherselfinhighschoolandisreadyfornewchallengesatuniversity.(湖南课改卷)A.acquiredB.finishedC.concludedD.achieved(D)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Wealltakeprideinhis________(achieve)inmath.(achievements)14.despiteprep.不管，不顾【原句再现】TodayTuYouyoucontinuestoconductresearchdespiteherage.(教材P53)【词块积累】despiteof…不管，尽管，任凭，与inspiteof…相近【精品例句】Despitethebadweather,weenjoyedourholiday.尽管天气不好，我们还是愉快地度过了我们的假期Joeisagoodbasketballplayerdespitebeingshortandfat.尽管又矮又胖，乔依然是个优秀的运动员【高考链接】ItisunbelievablethatMr.Lucasleadsasimplelife____hisgreatwealth.（江西卷）A.withoutB.despiteC.inD.to(B)【考点训练】翻译下列句子尽管做了努力，我们还是输了(Welostdespiteourefforts.)不顾大雨，他们很早就出发了(Despitetheheavyrain,theystartedoutearly.)15.advancevt&vi(使)进展；(使)进步；(尤指士兵)前进；向前移动；(时间)提前；(价格)上涨；预支(钱)；n.进步；进展【原句再现】Thereisgreatpotentialforfutureadvancesifthesetwokindsofwisdomcanbefullyintegrated.(教材P53)【词块积累】advancedadj.先进的；高级的makegreatadvances取得很大进展technological/scientific/medicaladvances技术/科学/医学上的进步inadvance(of)提前(.)；预先(--)advancewarning/planning/booking预先警告/计划/订购【精品例句】Thearmyadvancedacrosstheplain.军队前进穿过平原Wehaveadvancedgreatlyinourknowledgeoftheuniverse.我们对宇宙的认识取得了很大的进步Thisresearchhasdonemuchtoadvanceourunderstandingoflanguagelearning.这项研究非常有助于我们提高对语言学习的认识ThedateofthemeetingwasadvancedfromJuly10toJuly1.会议日期已从7月10日提早到7月日Wearewillingtoadvancethemoneytoyou.我们愿意把钱预支给你Namethreeadvancesinscienceandtechnologyalthistime.说出这段时间的三项科技进步Thankyouinadvance.先行致谢Wereceivednoadvancewarningofsmog.我们没有收到雾霾预警【高考链接】Thismeetingroomisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou_____advancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.(湖北课改卷)(in)Thankstothe______technology,weliveinanageofbetteredcommunication.(北京卷)(advanced)【考点训练】在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式Whenstudentsweretoldmyrule______________advanceoftheclass,someofthemwerenothappy.(in)ShewaseducatedatBeijingUniversity,afterwhichshewentontohaveher_______(advanced)studyabroad.(advanced)●本单元重要词组16.leadto…导致…;造成…;引起….AscientistwhowasontheNobelPrizeCommitteecalledHansForssbergexplainedthat“thediscoveryofartemisininhasledtothedevelopmentofnewdrugswhichhavesavedthelivesofmillions”.(教材P53)Thedriver’scarelessnessledtothisaccident.17.therestof….其余的….，后面既可以接可数名词又可以接不可数名词，therestof…作主语时，谓语动词根据of后面的名词来确定，of后面是不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，后面是复数可数名词时，谓语动词用复数TuYouyoubravelyvolunteeredtobethefirsthumansubjectwhentheywerereadytostarttestingandtherestofherteamfollowedher.(教材P53)Thegardeniscoveredwithcherrytreeflowerssothatitlooksasthoughitmightbecoveredwithpinksnow.●句型点拨1.whendoing...【原句再现】WhenthankingtheCommitteeforthehonor,TuYouyousaid,“Thisisnotonlyanhonorformyself,butalsorecognitionofandencouragementforallscientistsinChina.”(教材P53)句式分析：句中whenthankingtheCommittee…是一个省略句，补全后为：whenshethankedtheCommittee….【能力拓展】※当when，while，before，after，unless，asif，if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一