Unit1Foodmatters（知识清单）（答案版）

Unit1Foodmatters单词1.moodn.情绪，心情；气氛，氛围→moodyadj.情绪多变的;伤感的2.binationn.结合体，联合体；联合，混合→binevt.&vi.(使)融合；(使)结合，(使)混合；兼做，合并3.creamyadj.含奶油的；像奶油的，光滑细腻的；淡黄色的→creamn.奶油，乳脂；霜，膏4.flavour(AmEflavor)n.味，味道；特点，特色vt.给……调味，加味于5.greedilyadv.贪婪地，贪心地→greedyadj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的→greedn.贪婪6.gentlyadv.轻柔地，温和地→gentleadj.温和的；文雅的7.dessertn.(饭后)甜点，甜食8.associationn.联想，联系；协会，社团；联合，交往→associatev.联想，联系；(使)关联；交往9.varyvi.相异，不同；(根据情况)变化，变更vt.变更，改变→variousadj.各种各样的；多方面的→varietyn.多样；种类；多样化10.linkvt.联系，相关联；把……连接起来n.联系，连接；关系，纽带；链接11.emotionn.情感，强烈的感情，激情，情绪→emotionaladj.感情的,情绪的;有感染力的→emotionallyadv.感情上,情绪上;冲动地12.saucern.碟状物，茶碟，茶托→saucen.调味汁，酱13.vinegarn.醋14.nativen.出生于某国(或某地)的人；本地人adj.出生地的；本地的；土著的；土产的15.saltyadj.咸的，含盐的→saltn.盐16.souradj.酸的，有酸味的；馊的vi.&vt.(使)变坏；变味，酸腐17.relievevt.解除，减轻；缓和，缓解→reliefn.救济；减轻，解除；安慰18.bondn.纽带，联系；连接，结合19.securityn.安全；保护措施；保安部门；担保，保证→secureadj.安全的vt.获得；保护；使安全20.generatevt.产生，引起21.calorien.卡，卡路里；千卡22.digestvt.&vi.消化；领会，理解n.摘要，文摘23.lowervt.降低，减少；把……放低，使……降下adj.下面的；在底部的；低洼的→lowadj.低的;近底部的;低声的24.cyclen.循环；自行车，摩托车vi.骑自行车25.enhancevt.提高，增强26.boilvt.&vi.用沸水煮；(使)沸腾27.fryvt.&vi.油炸，油煎28.steakn.牛排；肉排，肉块29.pann.平锅，平底锅30.impressvt.&vi.使钦佩，给……留下深刻印象；使意识到→impressionn.印象；效果→impressiveadj.令人印象深刻的31.buffetn.自助餐32.bayn.(海或湖的)湾33.sceneryn.风景，景色；舞台布景34.betn.打赌，赌注；预计，估计vi.&vt.(bet,bet)下赌注，打赌；敢说35.atmospheren.气氛，氛围；大气；气体；空气36.elderlyadj.年纪较大的，上了年纪的37.bakevt.&vi.烘烤；烤硬38.flourn.面粉39.adorableadj.可爱的，讨人喜爱的→adorevt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱；极喜欢40.mildadj.不浓的，淡味的；暖和的；温和的；不严重的41.bakeryn.面包(糕饼)店42.layern.层，表层；层次43.cheesen.干酪，奶酪44.bitteradj.味苦的；激烈的；令人难过的；严寒的45.ingredientn.材料，成分；因素，要素46.looseadj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的47.peppern.甜椒；胡椒粉48.onionn.洋葱，葱头49.dampadj.潮湿的，湿气重的50.foggyadj.有雾的，雾茫茫的→fogn.雾51.dynastyn.朝，代；王朝52.expandvt.&vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述→expansionn.扩大；扩张；扩充53.multipleadj.数量多的，多样的54.plainadj.朴素的，简单的；清楚的n.平原55.slicen.薄片，片；部分，份额vt.把……切成片；切开，割破56.chefn.主厨，厨师57.versionn.变体，变种；说法；版本58.fillingn.(糕点等的)馅59.appropriateadj.合适的→appropriatelyadv.适当地；合适地60.estimatevt.估计，估价n.估计；估计的成本61.consumevt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)→consumern.消费者；顾客→consumptionn.消费，消耗量；吃，喝62.essentialadj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的63.innovationn.创造，创新；新思想，新方法→innovatev.创新；改革；革新64.conceptn.概念，观念65.stimulatevt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋66.appetiten.食欲，胃口；强烈欲望67.delicateadj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的68.emphasisn.(pl.emphases)强调，重视；重读69.steamvt.&vi.蒸；散发蒸汽n.水蒸气；蒸汽动力；水汽70.gramn.克71.cabbagen.甘蓝，卷心菜72.wrappern.(食品等的)包装材料，包装纸73.mixturen.混合物；混合，结合→mixv.(使)混合，(使)结合→mixedadj.复杂的；混合的74.edgen.边，边缘；刀口75.apartadv.成碎片；分开；相隔短语1.dothetrick奏效，起作用，达到目的2.cryoutfor迫切需要3.throwoneselfinto投身于，热衷于4.outofthisworld好(或美等)得不得了，非凡，呱呱叫5.letsthloose放任；释放6.hitthespot使人满意，正合需要7.fallapart破碎，破裂；崩溃8.nottomention更不用说……9.referto参考；涉及；指的是10.makeupfor弥补11.from...to...from...to...从……到……不等12.becoveredwith被……盖满；充满着……13.allyearround全年；一整年14.takeoff起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行熟词生义1.Cognacisalsousedtomacerate(浸软)andflavouringredientsandcasseroles(砂锅炖菜).给……调味；加味于2.ThedistinctiveflavourofSouthFloridaattractsmanytourists.特色，特点3.Thisyogurtesintendifferentflavours.味道4.Foreignvisitorshelptogiveatrulyinternationalflavourtotheoccasion.气氛5.Weareworkinginassociationwithalocalpanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.关联，联合6.I’mwritingthisletterinthehopeofgettingthechancetobeavolunteerofourSchoolEnglishAssociation.协会，联盟；社团7.Thesquarehadallsortsofpleasantassociationswithchildhoodholidaysforme.联系；联想8.Differentfromme,mytwinsisterprefersmildcheese.味淡的；不浓的9.Goodfigureandmildtempermakeherlovedbyall.温和的；温柔的10.Thathesufferedfromamildheartattacksurprisedallofus.轻微的；不严重的11.Withitsmildclimate,theplaceusuallyattractsvisitorsfromhomeandabroad.温暖的，暖和的12.Somehow,themoodofthemeetingwasdistinctivelypessimistic.气氛，氛围13.We’resurprisedthatthemonthlynewsdigestattractsthelittlegirlsomuch.摘要14.Ifthestructureofyourspeechislooseandconfusing,chancesarethatyourthinkingisalsodisorderedandconfusing.不严谨的句型1.“nomatter＋疑问词”引导让步状语从句Nomatterhowbadmymoodis,thatperfectbinationisalwaysenoughtoliftmyspirits.不论我情绪有多差，这种绝妙的组合都足以令我振作。2.whenever引导状语从句WheneverIfeellonely,Ihaveasecretrecipethatneverfails.每当我感到孤独的时候,我都有一个屡试不爽的秘方。3.make复合结构fortfoodtastesgoodandbybuildinganemotionalbondwithourhappymemories,alwaysmakesusfeelgood. 治愈系食物味道可口,通过与我们快乐的回忆之间建立情感联系,它总是让我们心情不错。3.atimewhen...Whenweeatitagain,weunlockmemoriesofatimewhenwewerelovedandlookedafter,andthischeersusup.当我们再次吃到它时,我们解锁记忆,回想起我们受到疼爱与关怀的时光,这就会让我们的情绪变好。4.before引导时间状语从句BeforeIknowit,I’mhappyagain.不知不觉,我又高兴起来。5.现在分词短语作结果状语Thehotflavourquickenedourlaughterandconversation,makingthemealtheperfectwaytorelaxwithfriends.热辣的味道让大家谈笑起来更有兴致，使这顿饭成为与朋友放松的完美方式。6.what引导主语从句，that引导表语从句WhatIlovebestaboutSichuanhotpotsisthattheyofferagreatopportunitytosocializewithfriendssinceamealcanlastforhours.我最喜欢四川火锅的一点在于，它为朋友间的交往提供了很棒的机会，因为一顿饭能吃上好几个小时。7.sth.+be+v.–ed+tohavedoneTheyarebelievedtohavestartedoffinthelateQingDynastyasawayforboatmenontheYangtzeRivertokeepwarmduringthecoldandwetwinters. 人们相信,四川火锅起源于清末,当时是长江上的船夫在寒冷潮湿的冬天取暖的一种方式。8.itis+v–ed+that….Nowadays,peopleeatsaltedduckallyearroundanditisestimatedthattensofthousandsofducksareconsumedeverydayinNanjing!如今,人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭。据估计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子!语法不定式作主语和表语Ⅰ不定式作主语1.不定式直接作主语。2.形式主语it放在句首，真正的主语——动词不定式放在后面。3.“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作主语。4.动词不定式的被动形式作主语。Ⅱ不定式作表语1.不定式作表语说明主语的具体内容，具有“即将进行的一次性动作或将来的状态”的特征。作主语的词往往是表示“目的、愿望、梦想、需求”等的名词(短语、从句)。2.动词不定式的被动形式作表语。3.“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作表语。一、词汇清单知识点1moodn.心情,情绪;精神状态;语气;气氛,氛围【教材原句】Nomatterhowbadmymoodis,thatperfectbinationisalwaysenoughtoliftmyspirits.不管我的心情又多糟糕，那种完美的结合总是足以让我振作起来。(教材p2)【拓展】(1)beinagoodmood心情好beinabad/foulmood 心情糟糕putsb.in/intoagood/badmood使某人心情好/不好be/feelinthemoodforsth./todosth.有做某事的心情(2)moody adj.闷闷不乐的;喜怒无常的【写作佳句】Havingbeenpraisedbyhisteacher,hewasinaverygoodmood.由于受到老师的表扬，他心情很好。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerbloodpressure,andputpeopleintoabettermood.2.Iwasjusttootiredandnotinthemood.3.Moody(mood)andimpatient,burdenedbyfearsthatresultedfrommyearlyyearsofneed,Iwasnotaneasychildtolove.完成句子4.夺冠后,所有队员都心情愉悦。Alltheteammemberswereinacheerfulmoodaftertheywonthechampionship.

知识点2binationn.结合体,联合体;联合,混合【教材原句】Nomatterhowbadmymoodis,thatperfectbinationisalwaysenoughtoliftmyspirits.不管我的心情有多糟，这种完美的结合总是足以让我振作起来。(教材p2)【拓展】(1)inbination(with)(与……)联合/结合(2)binevt.(使)结合，(使)联合bine...with/and...把……与……结合起来bebinedwith与……结合(3)binedadj.联合的，共同的[名师点津]表示“把……与……相联系”的短语还有connect...with...、associate...with...、link...with/to...、relate...to...【写作佳句】Inbinationwithyearsofworkexperience,Isharedthesecretsonhowtoimproveproductquality.结合多年工作经验,我向大家分享了提高产品质量的秘诀。【经典练】单句语法填空1.TheopeningceremonyoftheBeijing2022OlympicWinterGameswasaperfectbination(bine)oftechnologyandtradition.2.Differentstatesorgroupscanbinetoenlarge(enlarge)theirmarkets.

3.Whentakinganydrug,youshouldaskyourdoctorwhetherdrinkingalcoholcouldbedangerousinbinationwiththemedicine.一句多译4.这家公司正与几个合作伙伴联合研制一种新产品。→Thefirmisworkingonanewproductinbinationwithseveralpartners.(bination)→Thefirmisworkingonanewproductbinedwithseveralpartners.(bine)知识点3associationn.联想,联系;协会,社团;联合,交往【教材原句】Inthisarticle,wewilltalkaboutaparticulartypeoffortfoodwhosepowermainlyliesintheassociationsitcallstomind.在这篇文章中，我们将讨论一种特殊类型的治愈系食物，它的力量主要在于它所唤起的联想。(教材p2)【拓展】(1)inassociationwith与……有关联，与……联合associationwith...和……的关联/交往；……的联想(2)associatevt.联想，联系n.同事associate...with...把……和……联系起来(3)associatedadj.有关联的，相关的beassociatedwith...和……有联系【写作佳句】Thereisnodoubtthatoursuccessisassociatedwithourdetermination，confidenceandperseverance.毫无疑问，成功与我们的决心、信心和毅力相关。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Weareworkinginassociation(associate)withalocalpanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.2.Ifyouassociatewithpeoplewhohavepositiveemotions，youaresuretoachievesuccess.句式升级3.Therearemanyserioushealthproblemswhichareassociatedwithsmoking.→Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsassociatedwithsmoking.(使用过去分词作定语)

→Therearemanyserioushealthproblemsinassociationwithsmoking.(使用介词短语作定语)

知识点4varyvi.(根据情况)变化,变更;相异,不同vt.变更,改变【教材原句】Theyvaryfrompersontoperson,dependingonourownuniqueexperiencesthathaveshapedourlives.它们因人而异，取决于我们自己独特的经历，这些经历塑造了我们的生活。(教材p2)【拓展】(1)varyfrom...to...在……到……之间变动varywith随……而变化varyin在……方面变化；在……方面有差异varybetween...and...从……到……不等(2)varietyn.变化，多样性，种类avarietyof/varietiesof各种各样的(3)variousadj.各种各样的avarietyof,varietiesof后接可数名词复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;后接不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。thevarietyof+复数名词,意为“……的品种”,作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。【写作佳句】Classactivitieswillvaryfromdaytoday,butstudentsmustbereadytopleteshortinclasswritingsortests.课堂活动每天都会有所不同,但学生必须准备好完成简短的课堂写作或测试。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Theresearchersexaminedvarious(vary)levelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheypletedtestsofcreativethinking.2.AsinChina,theclimateinCanadavarieswith/bythearea.同义句转换3.Therearevariousanimalsinthezoo.→Therearevarietiesofanimalsinthezoo.(variety)

知识点5linkn.联系,连接,关系,纽带;链接vt.联系,相关联;把……连接起来【教材原句】Ifwegrowupeatingcertainfoodsinourfamily,thenthosefoodstendtobelinkedwithpositiveemotions.如果我们在家里吃某些食物长大,那么那些食物往往就跟积极的情感联系起来了。(教材p3)【拓展】(1)link...to/with...把……和……连在一起/联系起来(2)belinkedto/with 与……有联系(3)alinkbetweenAandBA和B之间的联系【写作佳句】Ithasalreadybeenprovedthathighsugardietsarecloselylinkedto/withheartdisease.高糖饮食与心脏病密切相关，这一点已经得到了证实。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweensaltyfoodsandhighbloodpressure.2.It’ssaidthatasubwaylinewilllinktheairportto/withthecitycenter.3.People’sphysicalhealthiscloselylinked(link)totheiremotions.知识点6.cryoutfor迫切需要【教材原句】Onemouthfuloffortfoodtakesusbacktoourculturalroots，givingusthe“tasteofhome”thatwe

cryoutfor

and

relieving

feelingsofhomesickness.一口治愈系食物带我们回到自己文化的根，带来我们渴望的“家的味道”，让我们一解怀乡之情。(教材p3)【拓展】(1)bepressedfor迫切需要(2)cryingneeds 迫切的需要(3)inneedof 需要(4)cryout 大声呼喊;大声抱怨(5)cryoff 打退堂鼓(6)cryoverspiltmilk 覆水难收【写作佳句】【经典练】单句语法填空①Thepanyiscryingoutforfreshnewtalent.②Ifelttooterrifiedtoevencryoutforhelp.③Neitherparentsnorpoliticiansarecrying(cry)outforradicalreformofthesystem.知识点7relievevt.解除,减轻;缓和,缓解【教材原句】Onemouthfuloffortfoodtakesusbacktoourculturalroots，givingusthe“tasteofhome”thatwe

cryoutfor

and

relieving

feelingsofhomesickness.一口治愈系食物带我们回到自己文化的根，带来我们渴望的“家的味道”，让我们一解怀乡之情。(教材p3)【拓展】(1)relieveone’sanxiety减轻某人的焦虑relievesb.ofsth. 帮助……减轻负担(2)relief n.宽慰toone’srelief 使某人欣慰的是inrelief 如释重负;松了口气Whatarelief! 可松口气了!(3)relieved adj.宽心的;宽慰的【写作佳句】Weplayedcardstorelievetheboredomofthelongwait.长时间等待实在无聊，我们就打扑克来解闷儿。【经典练】单句语法填空①TheUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofwhosepurposesistorelieve(relieve)worldwidestarvation.

②Shewasrelieved(relieve)aftersheheardthatherdaughterwassafe.③Toourgreatrelief(relieve),Dadturneddowntheidea.完成句子④Tomyrelief,agoodsleepcanrelievemyanxietyandalsorelievemyselfofworking.

使我欣慰的是,良好的睡眠可以减轻我的焦虑,也减轻了我工作的负担。同义句转换知识点8throwoneselfinto投身于,热衷于【教材原句】I’vethrownmyselfintohomecooking,fromboilingnoodlesinthepottofryingsteakinthepan.我全身心投入到家庭烹饪中，从锅里煮面到锅里煎牛排。(教材p6)【拓展】(1)throwaway扔掉;浪费(2)throwoff 匆匆脱掉(3)throwup 呕吐(4)throwcoldwateron 给……泼冷水(5)throwshadowover 给……投下阴影【写作佳句】Despitethedifficulties,hethrewhimselfintotheresearch.尽管困难重重，他还是全身心投入到了调查研究中。【经典练】单句语法填空①Theyoungladythrewherselfintovoluntarywork.②Takewhatyoureallyneedandthrowtherestaway.③Thefirefighterthrewoffhiscoatassoonashearrived.完成句子④他一直想把吃的东西吐出来。Hefeelslikethrowingupwhathehaseatenallthetime.

知识点9impressvt.&vi.使钦佩,给……留下深刻印象;使意识到【教材原句】Aslongasyouarenotafraidofheights,youwillbeimpressedbySkyBuffet,thelatestrestaurantinthecitycentre.只要你不恐高，市中心最新的天空自助餐厅就会给你留下深刻的印象。(教材p7)【拓展】(1)impresssb.with... 给某人留下深刻印象beimpressedwith/by 对……印象深刻(2)impresssth.onsb. 使某人铭记;给某人留下深刻印象(3)Whatimpresses/impressedmemostis/was...给我印象最深的是(4)leave/makeanimpressiononsb.给某人留下印象(5)impressive adj.令人赞叹的【写作佳句】Whatimpressesusmostareyourartskills,inwhichyoushowedoutstandingtalent.给我们印象最深的是你的艺术技巧，显示出了不同凡响的才能。【经典练】单句语法填空①Whatimpressed(impress)himmostinthevillagewasthebeautifulscenery.②Whatanimpressive(impress)performancetheygaveus!③Whattheyoungmansaidatthemeetingleftadeepimpression(impress)onme.完成句子④Impressedbyhisworkingefficiency,themanagerdecidedtopromoteJack.

对他的工作效率印象深刻,经理决定提拔杰克。知识点10expandvt.&vi.增加,扩大;扩展,发展(业务);详谈,详述【教材原句】Overtime,ithasexpandedtoincludemultipleoptionsofsoups,vegetables,meatsandsauces,appealingtopeopleofdifferenttastes.随着时间的推移，它已经扩展到包括汤、蔬菜、肉类和酱汁的多种选择，吸引了不同口味的人。(教材p11)【拓展】(1)expandon/uponsth.详述某事expandinto 扩大(2)expansion n.扩大expansionof ……的扩大/增加【写作佳句】I’mwritingtoapplytobeavolunteerofyourteam，whichIthinkcanexpandmyhorizons.我写信是为了申请成为你们队的志愿者，我认为这可以开阔我的视野。【经典练】单句语法填空①WehaveplanstoexpandintotheU.S.market.②Therapidexpansion(expand)ofcitiescancausesocialandeconomicproblems.③Shementionedafewideas,butshedidn’texpandon/uponthem.完成句子该酒店想要通过增加一个游泳池来扩大其业务。Thehotelwantstoexpanditsbusinessbyaddingaswimmingpool.

知识点11appropriateadj.合适的，恰当的[教材原句]Traditionally,duckisconsideredtohavecoolingproperties,soitisappropriateforthehotsummermonths.传统上，人们认为鸭子具有凉爽的特性，所以在炎热的夏天吃鸭子很合适。(教材p11)【拓展】(1)beappropriateto/for适用于;合乎beappropriatetodosth. 做某事是合适的beappropriatethatsb.(should)do某人做……是合适的(2)appropriately adv.适当地;合适地(3)inappropriate adj.不适当的;不相称的特别提醒在Itisappropriatethat句型中,从句常用“(should+)动词原形”的虚拟语气结构。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Jeansarenotappropriateforaformalparty.2.It’sappropriatetotake(take)actionimmediatelytodealwiththeproblem.

3.Thegovernmenthasbeenaccusedofnotrespondingappropriately(appropriate)totheneedsofthehomeless.一句多译4.朴素简单的服装适合在学校里穿。→Plainandsimpleclothesareappropriateforschoolwear.→Itwasappropriatethatstudents(should)wearPlainandsimpleclothesatschool.知识点12plainadj.朴素的,简单的;清楚的n.平原【教材原句】Served

plain

inthin,white

slices,themeatisjuicyandsalty.EachNanjingsaltedducktakesseveraldaystoprepare,andtheprocessincludessalting,drying,boilingandcooling.鸭肉端上来是简单的、白白的薄片，多汁带咸。每只盐水鸭都要经过腌、晾、煮、凉等工序，耗费数天制成。(教材p11)【拓展】(1)Itisplain(that)显然……(2)inplainsight 显而易见(3)tobeplainwithyou 坦白地说【写作佳句】Thewild

plain,withthousandsofanimalsonthemove,wasanawesomespectacle.广阔的平原上有成千上万的动物在活动，这样的景象构成了令人赞叹的奇观。【经典练】单句语法填空①Everyfootstepcouldbeplainly(plain)heard.②Theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplains(plain)withoutdifficulty.完成句子③Thedocument,writteninplainEnglish,tellsyouaboutthenewpolicy.

该文件以简单的英语写成,告诉您有关新政策的信息。<学以致用:应用文写作之推荐信>知识点13estimatevt.估计,估价n.估计;估计的成本【教材原句】Nowadays,peopleeatsaltedduckallyearroundanditisestimatedthattensofthousandsofducksareconsumedeverydayinNanjing!如今,人们一年到头都吃盐水鸭。据估计,在南京每天要吃掉数万只鸭子!(教材p12)【拓展】(1)estimatefor...对……估价give/makeanestimate 做估计exceedanestimate 超出预算aroughestimate 粗略估算/估计(2)estimatesth.at 估计某物有beestimatedto... 据估计(3)itisestimatedthat 据估计(4)estimationof ……的估计量【写作佳句】Itisestimatedthatmorethan20millionsharedbikeswillhavebeenputintooperationnationwideby2025.据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Estimatesforthepublicserviceswillbelaidbeforeyou.2.Itisestimated(estimate)thatathirdofitsvocabularyisborrowed.3.Estimations(estimate)ofourtotalworldsalesarearound50million.完成句子4.我们市人口约250万。Thepopulationofourcityisestimatedat2.5million.

知识点14consumevt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间)[教材原句]Nowadays,peopleeatsaltedduckallyearroundanditisestimatedthattensofthousandsofducksareconsumedeverydayinNanjing!如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，据估计，南京每天要吃掉数万只鸭！(教材p12)【拓展】(1)beconsumedwithsth.充满……consumeaway 憔悴;消耗掉(2)consumern.消费者consumptionn.消费【写作佳句】Thebigbrainsmake

itharderforthebody

tomovearoundand

consume

moreenergy.大脑越大，身体就越难活动和消耗更多的能量。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Health­consciousconsumers(consume)wantmoreinformationaboutthefoodtheybuy.2.Theelectricityindustryconsumeslargeamountsoffossilfuels.3.Gasandoilconsumption(consume)alwaysincreasesincoldweather.完成句子4.那个男孩充满好奇心。Theboywasconsumedwithcuriosity.知识点15essentialadj.必不可少的;本质的,基本的【教材原句】InGuangzhou,morningteaissuchanessentialpartofthedailyroutinethat“Haveyouhadyourtea?”hasbeethelocalversionof“Goodmorning.”在广州,早茶是人们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分,以至于“喝茶了吗?”已成为当地版的“早上好”。(教材p12)【拓展】(1)beessentialto/for对……来说是极其重要的/必不可少的(2)itisessentialtodosth./that...(+should)+do……是极其重要的(3)essentially adv.本质上;根本上;基本上(4)essence n.本质;实质;精髓inessence 从本质上讲【写作佳句】Itwasabsolutelyessentialtoseparatecropsfromtheareasthatanimalsusedaspasture.把庄稼与牲畜的牧场区分开至关重要。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Theresult—anapproachknownassystemsthinking—isnowseenasessential(essence)inmeetingglobalchallenges.2.Inessence,afirmbeliefisthekeytosuccessofrevolution.3.Itisessentialthateverystudent(should)beguaranteed(guarantee)adequateamountofsleepdespitetheiracademicburdens.

完成句子4.有三个解决这个难题的根本不同的方法。Therearethreeessentiallydifferentwaysofsolvingthisdifficultproblem.

知识点16conceptn.概念，观念[教材原句]Theconcepttookoff,andtodayGuangzhou’srestaurantsstimulatecustomers’appetitewithoverathousandofferings,eachmoredelicateanddeliciousthanthelast.这个观念流行起来，如今广州的各家餐厅用一千多种点心使食客们胃口大开，一道更比一道精致、美味。(教材p12)【拓展】(1)theconceptof……的概念(2)conceptiveadj.概念上的；有想象力的conceptionn.概念；设想【写作佳句】Thequestionisintendedtoprodstudentsintoexaminingtheconceptoffreedom.这个问题旨在督促学生探究自由这个概念。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Sheaddedthattheconceptofarrangedmarriagesismisunderstoodinthewest.2.Howtodefineinteractiveelementisthebasicconceptive(concept)problem.完成句子3.尽管这项计划构想绝妙，但因资金不足而失败了。Theplanwasbrilliantinitsconceptionbutfailedbecauseoflackofmoney.知识点17appetiten.食欲,胃口,强烈欲望【教材原句】Theconcepttookoff,andtodayGuangzhou’srestaurantsstimulatecustomers’appetitewithoverathousandofferings,eachmoredelicateanddeliciousthanthelast.这个观念流行起来，如今广州的各家餐厅用一千多种点心使食客们胃口大开，一道更比一道精致、美味。(教材p12)【拓展】(1)fuel/increaseone’sappetite刺激某人的食欲(2)loseappetite 失去胃口(3)lossofappetite 食欲不振(4)appetiteforsth. 对……的欲望(5)haveagoodappetite 胃口好(6)haveanappetitefor 渴望……【写作佳句】Thelittlegirlhasanamazingappetiteforknowledge,andsheworkshardonherstudy.

这个小女孩求知欲强,学习刻苦。【经典练】单句语法填空①Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites(appetite).②Hisappetiteforfoodhadincreased.③Symptomsincludefeverandlossofappetite.完成句子我立刻坐了回去。这气味破坏了我的食欲，我把盘子推开。Iimmediatelysatback.Thesmellruinedmyappetite,andIpushedthedishaway.知识点18emphasisn.(pl.emphases)强调，重视；重读[教材原句]Theemphasisisratheronconversationaboutbusiness,familyorpleasure,andlocalscanspendhourstogetherchatting,drinkingteaandworkingtheirwaythroughthemenu.重点而是在谈生意、话家常或消遣，当地人可以花好几个小时聚在一起聊天、喝茶，慢慢吃遍菜单上所有的点心。(教材p12)【拓展】(1)lay/put/placeemphasison强调；着重于(2)emphasise(＝emphasize)vt.强调；重视emphasisetheimportanceof...强调……的重要性【写作佳句】Asthesayinggoes,writingstyleshowstheman.Beautifulandneathandwritingisbeneficial,especiallyformiddleschoolstudents.Therefore,inmyopinion,moreemphasisshouldbeplacedonthisaspectinfuture.俗话说，文风如其人。漂亮整洁的书法是有益的，特别是对中学生。因此，在我看来今后应更加重视这方面。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Schoolsarebeginningtoplaceemphasisonusingputerstoteachstudents.2.Thatmeansyouneedtoemphasise(emphasis)itspositiveaspects.完成句子3.再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性都不为过。Wecan’temphasisetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.知识点19mixturen.混合物；混合，结合【教材原句】Fillthedumplingwrapperswiththemixture.把这些混合物包在饺子皮里。(教材p13)【拓展】(1)amixtureof……的混合物(2)mixvt.&vi.混合；调配n.混合；混合料mixwith与……混合/融合mixAwith/andB把A和B混合/融合mixup弄混，混淆；混合；使糊涂mixsth.forsb./mixsb.sth.为某人调制某物(3)mixedadj.混合的；复杂的【写作佳句】Withmixedfeelingsonmind，shedoesn’tknowwhattodotorelievehisfather’spain.她百感交集，不知道做些什么去减轻他父亲的痛苦。【经典练】单句语法填空1.Mixingthecreamwith/andthesaucereleaseswonderfulflavorwhichstimulatesourappetite.2.Withmixed(mix)feelingsinhisheart,hedoesn’tknowhowtoexpresshisthoughtsinanappropriateway.完成句子3.看到床边的桌子上放了一盘法式吐司，母亲感到既高兴又自豪。(读后续写之情感描写)AtthesightofaplateofFrenchtoastplacedonthetablebesidethebed,themotherfeltamixtureofdelightandpride.知识点20fallapart破裂，破碎；崩溃【教材原句】Don’toverfillthedumplings,ortheywillfallapartwhenyouboilthem.饺子不要包得太满,否则煮的时候就破了。(教材p13)【拓展】takeapart拆开;剖析tearapart 扯开,拆散tellapart 区分;分辨eapart 破碎,崩溃,瓦解setapart 使分离apartfrom 除了……之外【写作佳句】Theboywascuriousabouttheclock.Outofcuriosity,hetookitapart.

这个男孩对钟很好奇。出于好奇,他把它拆开了。【经典练】用part的短语填空1.Whenhearingthathissonwaskilledinthetrafficaccident,theoldfatherfellapart.2.HehasapreferenceforSichuanPepper,whichsetshimapartfromtheothersinourdormitory.3.Rodlovestakingsomedevicesapart.However,henevermanagestoputthemtogetheragain.4.Youcantellmytwinbrotherandmeapartbythismarkonmyface.二、语法清单【感知·语法规律】1.Notthatlongago,myfirstthoughtatmealtimeswastoeatatarestaurant.2.Toeatoutwasalsoasocialactivity,allowingmetoenhancetherelationshipwithmyfriends.3.WhenIpickedapopularrecipeandgaveitatry,Idiscoveredthatitwasnotthatdifficulttomakeasimpleandtastydish.4.Myplanistoinvitemyfriendsoverattheweekendtoshowthemmynewfoundskills.5.Betterstill,itsentireseatingareaturnsslowlyanditisenjoyabletoseethesceneryoutsidewhilehavingyourmeal.6.Sinceittakesaboutanhourtoturnthefull360degrees,youareunlikelytogetboredwiththescenery.7.Ifyouwanttogetthemostwonderfulviews,yourbestbetistositbythewindowanhourbeforesunsetandwatchhowtheskychangescolours.8.Itwillbeagoodideatoinviteyourfamilyandfriendsoverfordinner.【精讲·语法知识】一、不定式作主语1.不定式直接作主语。TofinishtheworkbeforeFridayisnotsoeasy.在周五之前完成这项工作没有那么容易。【易混辨析】动名词也可以作主语，但表示动作经常反复发生，而不是只针对某一次。2.形式主语it放在句首，真正的主语——动词不定式放在后面。Itwouldbebetterforyoutocyclearoundthelake.你最好绕着湖骑自行车。【温馨提示】it作形式主语时，有三种情况：①常用形容词作它的表语。真正的主语(动词不定式)通常有逻辑主语，一般用for短语来引出，即forsbtodosth。但当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，要用of。此时的表语形容词往往有：clever，foolish，kind，nice，polite，silly，stupid，wise等。Itwascarelessofhimtodrinkthevinegarinthatbottlebymistake.＝Hewascarelesstodrinkthevinegarinthatbottlebymistake.他真粗心，误把那瓶醋喝了。②有时也接名词作表语。③还常用于“Ittakes(took/willtake)sbsometime/moneytodosth”句型中。3.“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作主语。常见的特殊疑问词有：what，who，which，when，where，why，how等。采用“特殊疑问词＋不定式”作主语，句子的谓语同样采用第三人称单数形式。4.动词不定式的被动形式作主语Tobeadmittedbyakeyuniversityiseasyforhim.对他来说，被一所重点大学录取是容易的。【经典练】一、语法填空1.Itisyourresponsibility________(keep)theroomcleanandtidy.【答案】tokeep【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：保持房间干净整洁是你的责任。此处为固定句型“Itis+名词+todosth.”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。句中“yourresponsibility”是名词，因此空格处应填动词不定式“tokeep”。故填tokeep。2.It’stypicalofourEnglishteacher________(be)verypatientwithus.NeverhaveIseenhergetangrybecausewecan'tunderstandwhatshesays.【答案】tobe【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的英语老师对我们很有耐心，这是她的典型特点。我从没见过她因为我们听不懂她的话而生气。句中使用了固定句型“It’stypicalofsb.todosth.”，意为“某人做某事是典型的”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，设空处应填不定式tobe。故填tobe。3.Itisourduty________(conduct)rescueactivitiesifnecessary.【答案】toconduct【详解】考查不定式。句意：如有必要，我们有责任开展救援行动。itisone’sdutytodosth为固定句式，意为“某人有责任做某事”，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。故填toconduct。4.Itisconvenientforus________(collect)informationrelatedtothenewprogrammeonline.【答案】tocollect【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们在网上收集与这个新程序相关的信息是很方便的。此处为固定句型“Itis+adj.+forsb.+todosth”，其中It为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以设空处应填动词不定式tocollect。故填tocollect。5.Ittakesplentyoftimeandpatience________(photograph)wildlife.【答案】tophotograph【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：拍摄野生动物需要大量的时间和耐心。句子使用了“Ittakes+名词+todosth.”这个固定句型，该句型中it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式结构。故填tophotograph。二、完成句子6.Reducingtheinegapinordertobuildaharmonioussocietyisarequirement.(用it作形式主语改写)________________________________________________________________【答案】Itisarequirementtoreducetheinegapinordertobuildaharmonioussociety.【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：为了构建和谐社会而缩小收入差距是一项要求。原句主语是动名词短语，按照题目要求将其改写成用it作形式主语的句子，it位于句首，首字母大写，真正的主语需用动词不定式短语toreducetheinegapinordertobuildaharmonioussociety移到句子后面，同时保持句子的系动词和表语isarequirement不变。故改写为：Itisarequirementtoreducetheinegapinordertobuildaharmonioussociety.7.LearningEnglishwelliseasyforyouifyoustudyhard.→________________________________ifyoustudyhard.(It+be+形容词+forsb.+动词不定式)【答案】ItiseasyforyoutolearnEnglishwell【详解】考查固定句型。原句为动名词短语作主语的句型结构，转换为“It+be+形容词+forsb.+动词不定式”结构，其中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正主语，形容词作表语，sb.为不定式的逻辑主语，原句为一般现在时，主语为it，所以be动词为is，形容词easy以及foryou保持不变，将动名词短语learningEnglishwell转换为tolearnEnglishwell，句首单词首字母需大写。故填ItiseasyforyoutolearnEnglishwell。8.willtake/nutritionspecialist/abalanceddietmenu/make/anhour/foryou(改写it作形式主语结构)________________________________________________________________【答案】Itwilltakeanhourforanutritionspecialisttomakeabalanceddietmenuforyou.【详解】考查形式主语和非谓语动词。句意：营养师会花一个小时为你做一份均衡的饮食菜单。固定句型itwilltake+时间+forsomebodytodo表示“花费某人时间做某事”，it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语，“做一份均衡的饮食菜单”表示为makeabalanceddietmenu，“为你”是foryou，故答案为Itwilltakeanhourforanutritionspecialisttomakeabal