专题13阅读理解七选五、六选四、阅读表达+三年（2023-2025）高考政治真题分类汇编（全国适用）（解析版）

/专题13阅读理解七选五1.（2025年全国高考一卷）AnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore._____33_____CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethateachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks._____34_____Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime._____35_____“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.Iknowtheyneeditinthemorning,”Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious(有感染力)andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek._____36_____“Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.“Ienjoyworkinginthecafe,”Murphysaid._____37_____Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.CSometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.【答案】33.E34.D35.C36.F37.G【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述大学咖啡馆工作人员凯瑟琳·墨菲用真诚的服务和热情的微笑为学生带来温暖的故事，展现了这位平凡英雄的动人之处。【33题详解】根据上文“Needabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.(课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项“Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.(这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Notonly...also...”结构，既承接“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。故选E项。【34题详解】根据上文“Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.(她在机器之间来回制作饮品。)”及下文“Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.(当顾客从她手中接过饮品时，她微笑着说：“你好，今天过得怎么样？”即使队伍越来越长，她也不会让这影响到她真诚的交流。)”可推知，设空处需补充制作饮品后的环节。D选项“Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.(完成订单后，她会喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishinganorder”衔接“makethedrinks”，“callsoutthename”引出顾客接饮品的场景，形成“制作—叫号—交付”的完整流程。故选D项。【35题详解】根据上文“Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.(墨菲每天四点四十五起床，开车三十分钟准时上班。)”及下文“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.(我这样做是因为我喜欢为学生煮咖啡。)”可推知，设空处需进一步体现她对工作的投入。C选项“Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.(有时她会提前到达，提前为学生服务。)”中的“arrivesearly”补充了“准时上班”之外的主动性，“servethestudentsearly”呼应“liketomakecoffeeforthestudents”，展现其敬业精神。故选C项。【36题详解】根据上文“JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.(乔安娜・赖特是政治学专业的大四学生，她热爱咖啡，每周至少去这家咖啡馆六天。)”及下文““Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.(赖特说“凯瑟琳总是笑容满面，这总能让我心情愉快。”)”可推知，设空处需说明她频繁去咖啡馆的原因。F选项“Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.(去咖啡馆让她一天有个好的开始，并为上课做好准备。)”中的“startsherdayoffgood”解释了“每周去六天”的动机，且“cheerfulmood”与墨菲的微笑服务形成因果关系。故选F项。【37题详解】根据下文“Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.(她完全打算留下来，继续做自己喜欢的事。)”可推知，设空处需体现她对工作的长期投入。G选项“Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.(她已经在这里服务了17年，无法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17years”凸显服务年限之长，“can’timagineworkinganywhereelse”强化对咖啡馆的情感联结，与“staying”形成直接呼应。故选G项。2.（2025年全国高考二卷）UnexpectedBenefitsofVolunteeringasaFamilyAreyoulookingforawaytobringyourfamilytogether?Hopingtofindahobbythatcanbesharedbyboththelittleonesandadults?___16___Youmayknowthe“feel-good”emotionsthatcomewithhelpingothers,butthereareevenmoreunexpectedwaysvolunteeringwillpositivelyaffectthewholefamily.●You’llfeellikeyouhavemoretime.Peopleoftenfeeltheyaretoobusytovolunteer.Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.___17___●Youcanlivelongerifyouvolunteerregularly.___18___WashingtonUniversityfoundthatadults55andolderwhovolunteeredhadbettermemoryandmaintainedoverallhealthlongerthanotherstheirage.Volunteersarealsomorelikelytolookaftertheirownhealthandaremorefocusedonaddingphysicalactivityintotheirlives.●___19___Volunteeringduringteenageyearshasbeenlinkedtosomemajorpositiveeffectssuchasimprovedgradesandincreasedself-confidence.Theseeffectsaren’tjustshort-termbuthavebeenprovedtoaffectateen’swell-beingintheyearstocome.●You’llhavemoretimewithfamily.Familieswhovolunteertogetherhavetheuniqueexperienceofworkingtowardacommongoal.___20___Everyonebringssomethinguniquetothetableandcanconnectwitheachotherinanewway.And,therearetasksforeveryageandability,soallyourchildrencanfeelproudoftheirwork.A.Helpingthecommunitylowersratesofdepression.B.Volunteeringasafamilymaybejustthethingyouneed.C.Volunteeringhasalifelongeffectonkidsandteenagers.D.Volunteeringcanbethefirststepinbreakingdownprejudice.E.Foradults,volunteeringcanprovidesignificantphysicalhealthbenefits.F.Youmayevenlearnthatyourkidhasatalentyoudidn’tknowaboutbefore.G.Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.C20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处，包括感觉时间更充裕、促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。【16题详解】根据上文“Areyoulookingforawaytobringyourfamilytogether?Hopingtofindahobbythatcanbesharedbyboththelittleonesandadults?(你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗？希望找到一个大人和小孩都能参与的爱好吗)”可知，此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求，空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Volunteeringasafamilymaybejustthethingyouneed.(全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Volunteeringasafamily”直接回应“bringyourfamilytogether”和“sharedhobby”，引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明，符合语境。故选B项。【17题详解】根据段落主题句“You’llfeellikeyouhavemoretime.(你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.(然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday.(志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makesyoufeelcapable”和“inspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feellikeyouhavemoretime”形成因果关联。故选G项。【18题详解】根据下文“WashingtonUniversityfoundthatadults55andolderwhovolunteeredhadbettermemoryandmaintainedoverallhealthlongerthanotherstheirage.(华盛顿大学研究发现，55岁及以上的成年人中，参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更优的记忆力，且能更长久地维持整体健康状态)”可知，本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“Foradults,volunteeringcanprovidesignificantphysicalhealthbenefits.(对成年人来说，志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处)”中的“Foradults”对应“adults55andolder”，“physicalhealthbenefits”概括了“bettermemory”和“maintainedoverallhealth”，与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。【19题详解】根据下文“Volunteeringduringteenageyearshasbeenlinkedtosomemajorpositiveeffectssuchasimprovedgradesandincreasedself-confidence.Theseeffectsaren’tjustshort-termbuthavebeenprovedtoaffectteen’swell-beingintheyearstocome.(青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关，例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的，而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康)”可知，本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C选项“Volunteeringhasalifelongeffectonkidsandteenagers.(志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响)”中的“lifelongeffect”对应“affectteen’swell-beingintheyearstocome”，“onkidsandteenagers”覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体，符合段落主旨。故选C项。【20题详解】根据上文“Familieswhovolunteertogetherhavetheuniqueexperienceofworkingtowardacommongoal.(一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历)”及下文“Everyonebringssomethinguniquetothetableandcanconnectwitheachotherinanewway.(每个人都能带来独特的东西，并能以新的方式相互联系)”可推知，设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F选项“Youmayevenlearnthatyourkidhastalentyoudidn’tknowaboutbefore.(你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋)”中的“learnthatyourkidhastalent”体现“Everyonebringssomethingunique”，且“inanewway”对应“发现孩子未知天赋”的新颖体验，衔接上下文。故选F项。3.（2025年1月浙江首考）Oneofthemostcommonmistakesincommunicationistryingtodotoomuch.____36____There’snovalueindeliveringanykindofcommunication,whetherwritten,spoken,formal,orinformal,ifthemessagedoesn’tcomeacrossclearly.Beingclearandbrief—whilemaintaininginterestandincludingeverythingyourlistenersneedtoknow—isahigh-levelcommunicationskill.Herearesometipsworthfollowinginordertocommunicatemoreeffectively.Keepyouraudienceinmind.Youraudiencewillnaturallybemoreinterestedandengagedwhenyoutailoryourcommunicationstotheirinterests.____37____Thiswillengagetheirdesiretounderstandandinteractwiththeinformation.Don’tusetenwordswhenonewilldo.Eventhemostengagedandcommittedaudiencewilleventuallygetbored.Keepingyourmessagesimpleandclearwillmakeiteasierforpeopletounderstand.____38____However,they’rehearingitforthefirsttime.Keepitsimple.____39____Ifyou’veeverworkedasaninstructor,manager,trainerorcoach,you’llknowthattherearefewbetterwaystolearnnewinformationthantoteachit.Asktheaudiencetocontributetheirideasortotakearoleinexplainingnewconceptsandpoliciestoothers.Allowthemtoleaddiscussionsandmeetingstodeveloptheircommunicationskills.Considerthebestmethodtodeliveryourmessage.Iftheinformationyou’recommunicatingisn’turgent,considersendinganemail.Writtencommunicationwillgiveyouraudiencemoretimetoreviewit,thinkitover,andfollowupwithquestions.____40____Buildingeffectivecommunicationskillstakestimebuttheeffectsareworththeeffort.A.Bepatient.B.Gettheaudienceinvolved.C.Thebestmessagesareoftensimple.D.Speakdirectlytowhatmatterstothem.E.Youmaybesurprisedbywhatyourlistenersoffer.F.Itwillalsogivethemahandyrecordtoreferbackto.G.Asthespeaker,youalreadyknowwhatyou’regoingtosay.【答案】36.C37.D38.G39.B40.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些更有效地进行沟通的技巧。【36题详解】上文“Oneofthemostcommonmistakesincommunicationistryingtodotoomuch.(沟通中最常见的错误之一就是试图做得太多)”指出“做得太多”是沟通中易犯的错误，C选项“Thebestmessagesareoftensimple.(最好的信息往往是简单的)”承接上文，明确正确沟通方法，即不要“做得太多”，要避免复杂，追求简单，句中“simple”与上文“toomuch”形成对比。故选C项。【37题详解】上文“Youraudiencewillnaturallybemoreinterestedandengagedwhenyoutailoryourcommunicationstotheirinterests.(当你根据受众的兴趣来调整你的沟通内容时，他们自然会更感兴趣、更投入)”强调要迎合受众兴趣，D选项“Speakdirectlytowhatmatterstothem.(直接谈论对他们重要的事情)”进一步说明了具体做法，即直接针对受众关心的事情进行交流，与上文逻辑一致。故选D项。【38题详解】下文“However,they’rehearingitforthefirsttime.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些)”与设空句之间是转折关系。G选项“Asthespeaker,youalreadyknowwhatyou’regoingtosay.(作为演讲者，你已经知道你要说什么了)”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“whatyou’regoingtosay”与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G项。【39题详解】下文“Ifyou’veeverworkedasaninstructor,manager,trainerorcoach,you’llknowthattherearefewbetterwaystolearnnewinformationthantoteachit.Asktheaudiencetocontributetheirideasortotakearoleinexplainingnewconceptsandpoliciestoothers.(如果你曾经当过导师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，没有比教别人更好的学习新信息的方法了。让听众贡献他们的想法，或者让他们扮演向他人解释新概念和政策的角色)”建议让受众参与其中，B选项“Gettheaudienceinvolved.(让受众参与进来)”能概括这部分内容，适合作段首小标题。故选B项。【40题详解】上文“Iftheinformationyou’recommunicatingisn’turgent,considersendinganemail.Writtencommunicationwillgiveyouraudiencemoretimetoreviewit,thinkitover,andfollowupwithquestions.(如果你传达的信息不紧急，考虑发电子邮件。书面沟通会给你的受众更多时间来复习、思考，并跟进提问)”说明了发邮件这种书面沟通的好处，F选项“Itwillalsogivethemahandyrecordtoreferbackto.(它还会给他们提供一个方便查阅的记录)”进一步补充了发邮件的另一个好处，与上文逻辑紧密。故选F项。4.（2025高考北京卷）Whatisadulthood?Societiesallovertheworldviewtheconceptofanadultasself-supportingandself-directed,becauseitidentifiesapointinthelifecycle.AsAliceBlackpointsout,today’sparents’fearoflettingkidsdomorehouseworkhasaddedtotheirinabilitytofeelcompetentand,thus,confidentinthemselves.PsychologistRobertTurnerwroteaboutthisinhisbook,TheLifeCycle,mentioningastagewhenkidslearnself-directionandmastery.____35____ButTurner’sothercyclesarejustasimportant.____36____Iftheselifecyclesaredelayed,interrupted,ordenied,youfeelincapableofaccessingyourstatesofself,controllingunpleasantfeelings,andmanipulating(操控)theenergythatputstogetherthefabricofyourinnerworld.Turnerwiselysaidthat“doingwell”psychologicallyisbeingabletorollwiththeflowofemotions,managethem,communicateclearlyandwellwithothers,andmastervariousskills.Thisrequiresaninternallocus(核心)ofcontrol,whichimpliesself-controlofyourthoughts,feelings,andactions.____37____You’reself-directedandnotreliantontheworldtotellyouwhoyouare.Andyouknowwhoyouarewithinallthis.So,beinganadultisn’tjustholdingajob.Beinganadultisabouthavingarootedsenseofselfwhilebeingcapableofidentifyingandmanagingyouremotionsandactions.____38____Weareasocialspecies,sothisisimportant.Whileraisinganadultisaparent’sjob,it’salsoourresponsibilityasasocietytoensurethatwesupportschoolsthatnurture(培养)emotionalandidentitydevelopment.____39____A.It’salsoourjobtosupportadultswhoneedhelprepairingincompletelifecycles.B.Theytalkaboutsomeone’sinabilitytosupportthemselvesthroughwork.C.It’sbeingabletoshowunderstandingwhencommunicatingwithothers.D.Inotherwords,you’replayingthegameoflife—lifeisn’tplayingyou.E.Theyteachemotionalawarenessandmanagementaswellasidentity.F.Youfeellikean18-yearold,especiallywhenplaying80smusic.G.Whenthisstageisdenieditcreatesasenseofinsecurity.【答案】35.G36.E37.D38.C39.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要探讨了成年人的定义及其所需具备的特质，并强调了社会在培养成年人方面的责任。【35题详解】由上文“AsAliceBlackpointsout,today’sparents’fearoflettingkidsdomorehouseworkhasaddedtotheirinabilitytofeelcompetentand,thus,confidentinthemselves.PsychologistRobertTurnerwroteaboutthisinhisbook,TheLifeCycle,mentioningastagewhenkidslearnself-directionandmastery.(正如AliceBlack所指出的，如今父母害怕让孩子做更多家务，这加剧了孩子们无法感受到自身的能力，进而也导致他们对自己缺乏自信。心理学家RobertTurner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了这一点，他提到了孩子们学习自我指导和掌握技能的阶段。)”可知，本空应强调这个阶段的重要性或缺失这个阶段会带来什么影响。G选项“Whenthisstageisdenieditcreatesasenseofinsecurity.(当这个阶段被剥夺时，就会产生一种不安全感。)”符合题意，承接上文，说明了这个阶段被剥夺的后果。故选G。【36题详解】由上文“ButTurner’sothercyclesarejustasimportant.(但Turner的其他周期也同样重要。)”以及下文“Iftheselifecyclesaredelayed,interrupted,ordenied,youfeelincapableofaccessingyourstatesofself,controllingunpleasantfeelings,andmanipulating(操控)theenergythatputstogetherthefabricofyourinnerworld.(如果这些生命周期被延迟、中断或拒绝，你会觉得自己无法进入自我状态，无法控制不愉快的情绪，也无法操控构成你内心世界结构的能量。)”可知，本空应解释它们的重要性体现在哪里。E选项“Theyteachemotionalawarenessandmanagementaswellasidentity.(它们教授情感意识和管理以及身份认同。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。【37题详解】由上文“Turnerwiselysaidthat“doingwell”psychologicallyisbeingabletorollwiththeflowofemotions,managethem,communicateclearlyandwellwithothers,andmastervariousskills.Thisrequiresaninternallocus(核心)ofcontrol,whichimpliesself-controlofyourthoughts,feelings,andactions.(Turner明智地指出，从心理上讲，“做得好”就是能够顺应情绪的流动，管理它们，与他人清晰而良好地沟通，并掌握各种技能。这需要一个内部的控制点，这意味着对自己的思想、情感和行动进行自我控制。)”可知，本空应进一步解释这种内部控制点或自我控制的意义。D选项“Inotherwords,you’replayingthegameoflife—lifeisn’tplayingyou.(换句话说，你是在玩人生的游戏——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合题意，用比喻的方式解释了内部控制点的意义，即你能够掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故选D。【38题详解】由上文“So,beinganadultisn’tjustholdingajob.Beinganadultisabouthavingarootedsenseofselfwhilebeingcapableofidentifyingandmanagingyouremotionsandactions.(所以，成为一个成年人不仅仅是拥有一份工作。成为一个成年人意味着拥有一种根深蒂固的自我意识，同时能够识别和管理自己的情绪和行动。)”可知，本空应进一步描述成年人的其他特质或能力。C选项“It’sbeingabletoshowunderstandingwhencommunicatingwithothers.(它是在与他人交流时能够表现出理解。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了成年人在与他人交流时应具备的能力，即表现出理解。故选C。【39题详解】由上文“Whileraisinganadultisaparent’sjob,it’salsoourresponsibilityasasocietytoensurethatwesupportschoolsthatnurture(培养)emotionalandidentitydevelopment.(虽然培养一个成年人是父母的工作，但作为社会，我们也有责任确保我们支持那些培养情感和身份发展的学校。)”可知，本空应进一步描述社会在培养成年人方面的其他责任。A选项“It’salsoourjobtosupportadultswhoneedhelprepairingincompletelifecycles.(支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人也是我们的工作。)”能承接上文，符合题意，补充了社会在培养成年人方面的另一项责任，即支持那些需要帮助修复不完整生命周期的成年人。故选A。1.（2024年新高考I卷）Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).____36____Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同义词词典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.____37____Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.____38____Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.Inaddition,Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary,pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence.Ofcourse,withits2,672pages,it'snotexactlyshort.Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.____39____However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755."Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,"wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof"dull".____40____Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.A.Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B.Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C.ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D.Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E.Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F.Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G.Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.【答案】36.F37.B38.E39.A40.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。【36题详解】上文“Ifyouwanttobepublished,it’svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。【37题详解】上文“Idon’ttrustmylaptop’sspellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI’mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。【38题详解】下文“Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。【39题详解】下文“However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there’snothingbetter.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“Idon’toftenusethisdictionary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。【40题详解】上文“

“Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,”wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。2.（2024年新高考II卷）OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.___16___Certainlynot.Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.Herearesometipsonmakingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswevisitandimproveourexperience.●Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.___17___●Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it’sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.___18___Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination’slesser-knownsights?●___19___Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.You’llcompetewithfewertourists,savemoney,experienceadifferentsideofapopularplace,andboosttheeconomywhentourismistraditionallyslower.Visitingaplacethatotherscallhomeisaprivilege(荣幸).Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.___20___Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou’llfeeltothepeoplethere.A.Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B.So,shouldwestoptraveling?C.Travelforyouandnooneelse.D.Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F.You’llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.【答案】16.B17.C18.E19.A20.G【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。【16题详解】前文“Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainlynot.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。【17题详解】前文“Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】前文“Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination’slesser-knownsights?(为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”语境一致。故选E。【19题详解】空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。【20题详解】前文“Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou’llfeeltothepeoplethere.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。3.（2024年浙江卷1月）Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.___16___Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigitallearningisrightforyou?___17___Weinterviewedstudentsandprofessorstogettheiradviceaboutonlinecourses,Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.___18___“Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbetofallbehindschedule,”saysgraduatestudentAmandaBindman.Beforechoosingtostudyonline,considerwhetheryou’reaself-motivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyougoing.Thetipthatcomesupmostoftenissimple:buildonlinecoursesintoyourweeklyschedule,justlikewhatyouwoulddowithinpersoncourses.___19___Henotedthathisonlinestudentsusuallyendupwithlowergrades.Itissoeasytoletanonlinecourseslide,butyourgradeswillsufferasaresult.Besuretoschedulesettimestowatchyourlectures,readmaterialsandcontributetoonlinediscussionboards.___20___Asocialconnectionisoftenabigpartoflearning.Therearethingsyoucandotoeasethisproblem.JessicaPink,anundergraduatestudent,suggeststakingonlinecourseswithafriend,soyoucanmotivateeachothertostayontrack.Youcanalsofindstudentsontheclassdiscussionboardtoorganizeastudygroup,orschedulein-personmeetingswithyourprofessortodiscusscourseconcepts.A.Butthatdoesn’tmeantherearen’tdeadlines.B.Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.C.Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?D.ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.E.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.D20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在线学习的注意事项。【16题详解】由上文“Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.(在过去的几年里，在线学习已经成为大学生活的重要组成部分)”可知，在线学习对大学生活很重要，本空要说跟“这种现象的具体表现”有关的话题，故G选项“Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.(一项调查发现，29%的大学生注册了在线课程。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。【17题详解】由上文“Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?(但是所有的在线课程都是平等的吗？你如何确定数字化学习适合你？)”可知，上文对在线课程提出疑问，本空可以继续提出疑问，故F选项“Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?(如果你参加了在线课程，你能做些什么来确保尽可能好的成绩？)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。【18题详解】由上文“Themostobvious