黑龙江省大庆市肇州县肇州中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷（含答案）

第第页黑龙江省大庆市肇州县肇州中学2021-2022学年高一上学期期中考试英语试卷一、单项选择（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）1．NeitherJennynorherparents_____tothepartyyesterday.A．wasinvited B．wereinvited C．invited D．invites2．Thiswork____fourparts,andmyfavoritepartisthethirdpart.A．consistsof B．ismadeofC．iscomposeof D．isconsistedof3．Youare_____mistakesifyoudon'ttakethehomeworkseriously.A．liketomade B．likelytomake C．likelytomade D．liketomake4．Hisdebts________$5,000.A．addedat B．addedup C．addedto D．addedupto5．Notonly___postspecificquestions,butyoucanalsobroadenyourknowledgebyreadingposts.A．youcan B．doyou C．canyou D．youdo6．She____agoodideaforincreasingsalesinthemeeting.A．cameup B．cametrue C．cameacross D．cameupwith7．Thiscourse____intermediate-levelstudents.A．isintended B．isintendedforC．withintention D．isintendfor8．TheGreatWall_______oneofthegreatestthingsinChina.A．isrecognised B．isrecognisedthatC．isrecognisedas D．isrecognisedby9．Wemust____thereisstillalongwayfilledwithhopeaheadofus.A．beawarethat B．beawareofC．raiseourawareness D．awarethat10．I'llteachyouChinese___yourteachingmeEnglish.A．inexchange B．inexchangeforC．exchangefor D．exchangewith11．Passengersare____alltheirpersonalbelongingswiththemwhentheyleavetheplane.A．remindtotake B．remindedtakeC．remindedtotake D．remindtaking12．Idon'twantto____comments__thematterinournextmeeting.A．made,on B．making,at C．make,on D．bemade,at13．Youneedtimeto___itbeforeyoufinishthemathshomework.A．reflectin B．reflectonC．havereflection D．reflection14．Besidethetree____.A．lieabeautifulhouse B．abeautifulhouseliesC．liesabeautifulhouse D．abeautifulhouselie15．Inmyjournal,Isetdownaseriesofthings________facts.A．basedon B．arebasedon C．basingon D．basedin二、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读理解MarieCurieandHerDaughtersbyImogenGreenbergIllustrated(插图)byIsabelGreenbergYou'veprobablyheardofscientistMarieCurieandherdiscoveries,buthowaboutherdaughters,IreneandEve?Thisbeautifulillustratedbookfollowstheadventuresofthefamilyastheysavelivesduringwars,travelaroundtheworld,andchangethehistoryofscience.Swordswoman!byDevikaRangachariDiscovertheamazingtruestoryofQueenLakshmibaiofJhansi—anIndianqueenwhocouldreadandwrite.Findouthowshetrainedotherwomentofightnexttoherandbecameasymbolofresistance(反抗的象征)toBritishruleinIndiain1857．Queens:3,000YearsoftheMostIncredibleWomeninHistorybyVictoriaCrossmanCelebratingqueensfromallovertheworldandthroughhistory,thisbookdescribesCleopatraofEgypt,QueenNannyofJamaica,CatherinetheGreatofRussia,EmpressJinguofJapan,BoudiccainBritainQueenElizabethII,amongothers.It'sfullofillustrationsanddetails.TheGirlwithHerHeadintheCloudsbyKarenMcCombieIllustratedbyAnneliBrayLondon,1904.Whenacoupleofshowmenneedhelpwithastunt(杂技表演)，16-year-oldDollyvolunteers.Soon,she'sbusywithworkingaparachutist(跳伞者).ThisstoryisbasedonthereallifeofparachuteperformerDollyShepherd.16．Whichofthefollowingbooksisscience-related?A．Queens:3,000YearsoftheMostIncredibleWomeninHistory.B．TheGirlwithHerHeadintheClouds.C．MarieCurieandHerDaughters.D．Swordswoman!17．Whosebookisbasedonaperformer'spersonalexperience?A．ImogenGreenberg's. B．DevikaRangachari's.C．VictoriaCrossman's. D．KarenMcCombie's.18．Whatdothesefourbookshaveincommon?A．Theyhavethesamesocialbackground.B．Theydescribetheinfluenceofwars.C．Theyarecreatedbytwopeople.D．Theyareaboutwomenheroes.阅读理解WhenCasterPettway,67,wasagirl,therewerealwaysquilts(被子)around.Theywereonthebedsandsofasinherhouse.Sometimes,hermotherwouldhangaquiltoutsidetoshowitofftotheneighbors.Shealwaysseemedtobemakinganewone."Andeverybodyineveryhousedidthesamething,"Pettwaysays.Pettwaygrewupinthe1960sinGee'sBend,Alabama,atinycommunityontheAlabamaRiver.Now,itisseenasthebirthplaceofanimportantartform.WomeninGee'sBendtookupquiltingsometimeinthe1800s.Theymadequiltsoutofnecessity:Theyneededthemtokeepwarm.Theydidn'thaveproperfabric(织物)，sotheycutupoldclothingandsewedthepiecestogether.Theydidn'tusedesignsseenintraditionalquilts.Theycuttheirfabricintolarge,oftenirregular(不规则的)shapes.Theirlarge,beautifulquiltswereunlikeanyothersintheworld.In1998,artcollectorWilliamArnettsawaphotoofaGee'sBendquilt.Hewassoimpressedthathevisitedthetownandboughtthequilt.Hereturnedagainandagain.In2002,Arnettshowedthesequiltsinmuseumsaroundthecountry.Theytooktheartworldbystorm.ManyexpertscomparedtheGee'sBendquiltstopaintingsbyEuropeanartists.AwriterfortheNewYorkTimescalledthequilts"someofthemostwonderfulworksofmodernartAmericahasproduced."Today,localsaremakingsurethatquiltingimprovestheirlives.InFebruary,Gee'sBendquiltersbegansellingtheirworkonlineforthefirsttime.Leadersarepromoting(宣传)thetownasatouristtown.Thishasencouragedthenextgeneration(代)tocarryonthetradition.Pettwaysayssomeofheryoungfamilymembershavetakenupquilting."AndI'1ltellyouwhat,"shesays."They'regettingprettygood."19．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesGee'sBendquiltsinthe1960s?A．Theydidn'tsellwell.B．Theycostalottomake.C．Theyweren'tpopularwithlocals.D．Theycouldbeseenineveryfamily.20．HowwereGee'sBendquiltsdifferentfromtraditionalones?A．Theyhadauniquestyle. B．Theyhadveryregularshapes.C．Theyweremadeoffinefabric. D．Theyweremadebyfamousartists.21．WhatdidArnettthinkofGee'sBendquilts?A．Theywereworksofart. B．Theywerenothingspecial.C．Theywouldgooutofstyle. D．Theywouldbebigbusiness.22．WhatcanweinferaboutGee'sBendquiltingfromthelastparagraph?A．Itwilldieoutinthenearfuture.B．Itwillbeincludedinlocalschoolcourses.C．Itwillmakenodifferencetothecommunity.D．Itwillbepasseddowntotheyoungergeneration.阅读理解JeremiSwietochowskiwasdoinghishomeworkwhenheheardathump(重击声).Abirdhadflownintothewindowandfallenontothebalcony(阳台).Swietochowskirushedtocheckonit."JustwhenIwasabouttoopenthedoor,itflewaway,"hesaid.Notallbirdsaresolucky.Accordingtoastudy,between365millionandabillionbirdsarekilledeachyearintheUnitedStatesbyflyingintoglass."Birds,ofcourse,don'tmeantoflyintobuildings.It'sthereflectivityofthewindowsthattricks(欺骗)them,"saysChristineSheppard,directoroftheglass-collisions(玻璃碰撞)programattheAmericanBirdConservancy."Whenbirdsseereflectionsoftrees——tothem,theyarejustmoretreesthattheycanflyinto."Sheppardandothers,includingenvironmentalistsandbuildingdesigners,worktomakebuildingsbird-friendlytolowerthenumberofbirdcollisions.Onemethodistouselessglass.Anotheristocoveraglassbuildingwithsomekindofscreen.TheOrangeCube,inLyon,France,isagoodexampleofthismethod.Thescreencanbeseenbybirds,butitdoesn'tblocknaturallight.Athirdmethodistousespecialglass.ThiswasdoneinNewYorkCity,onahugeglassbuildingcalledtheJavitsCenter.Itusedtobeoneofthecity'sdeadliestbuildingsforbirds.Officialsagreedtousepatternedglasstotaketheplaceofsomeglassin2009.BuildingdesignerDanielPiselliworkedontheproject."Weneedtoconsiderwhathumansneedandwhatbirdsneed,"Pisellisays.Henotesthatwithglass,"themainthingistoputsomethingonitthatbirdscansee,sotheyarenottrickedbyreflectionsandpeoplecanstillenjoydaylightthroughtheglass."WorkontheJavitsCenterprojectwascompletedin2014."Weendedupbringingdowncollisionsbymorethan90%,"Pisellisays.23．Whydidtheauthorthinkthebirdwaslucky?A．Itwasn'thurtbyanenemy.B．Itcouldflyfreelyinthesky.C．Itreceivedgoodcarefromitsowner.D．Itwasn'tkilledafterhittingthewindow.24．WhydobirdsflyintobuildingsaccordingtoChristineSheppard?A．Theyneedtostoptohavearest.B．Theywanttoplaytricksonhumans.C．They'retryingtogetinsidethebuildings.D．They'reconfusedbyreflectionsinthewindow.25．Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A．Reasonsformakingfriendswithbirds.B．Waystomakebuildingssaferforbirds.C．Thedisadvantagesofglasswindows.D．Greatexamplesofnewhighbuildings.26．HowdidtheJavitsCenterprojectturnout?A．Itwasverysuccessful.B．Itwasunacceptabletobirdlovers.C．Ittooklongertocompletethanexpected.D．Itplayedabigroleinstoppingairpollution.阅读理解ExpertsbelievethebasisoftheGermanlanguage,Proto-Germanic,begantodevelopabout2000BCE,aspeoplebegantoliveinwesternareasoftheBalticSea.OneofthefirsteverrecordsoftheGermanlanguagedatesbacktothe1stcenturyBCEwhentheRomanscameacrosspeoplefromtheRhine-Danubearea.ThemodernGermanweknowtodayislikelytobeunrecognizablefromthelanguagethattheRomansfirstexperienced.Ithasgonethroughmanychanges,fromOldHighGerman(fromabout700CEtotheeleventhcentury),MiddleHighGerman(fromabout1050to1350),EarlyNewHighGerman(1350to1600)toNewHighGerman(fromabout1600tothepresent).Aswithmanylanguages,Germanhasdevelopedalongwithsocietyandsociopoliticalfactors(社会政治因素)havehelpedshapethelanguageintowhatitistoday.Newwordsfromotherlanguageshavebeenadopted(采纳)byGermanspeakers.OthershavebeenintroducedintotheGermanlanguagebecauseofmorecommunicationswithforeignerseitherbecauseofmigration,trade,war,orthedevelopmentofnewtechnologyfromcinematotheInternet.Forexample,todayGermanswillhave"brainstormingsessions"—usingtheEnglishterm.Similarly,mostspeakershaveadoptedEnglishwordsrelatedtotechnologyliketheInternetoremail,asithappensinseveralotherlanguages.Germanisaninterestinglanguagebecauseofthedominance(优势)ofdialects(方言),whichappearedbecauseofthefactthattherewasnoculturalcentre,likeParisinFrance.BytheendoftheMiddleAgesactionwastakentocreatea"StandardGermanlanguage",sothatpeoplefromdifferentareascouldcommunicatemoreeasilywitheachother.AmajorinfluenceonthestandardizationofGermanwasMartinLuther'sGermantranslationofaninfluentialbookin1522.That"style"waslargelybasedonthelanguageusedattheSaxoncourt.ThisbecamethebasisofwhatweknowasGermantoday.27．WhendoexpertsthinkGermanstartedtodevelopfirst?A．Inthe1stcenturyBC B．About2000BCC．About1350. D．In700CE.28．Theauthorliststheexampleinparagraph3to________.A．stressthatlearningtheGermanlanguageishelpfulB．provethattheGermanlanguagehasalonghistoryC．explainwhytheGermanlanguageisdifficulttolearnD．showthatmanyfactorshavehelpedshapethelanguage29．WhatdidMartinLutherdo?A．HehelpedsetthebasisofGermantoday.B．HedidalotofresearchonGermandialects.C．HewroteabookinbothGermanandEnglish.D．HeshapedGermanwiththehelpoftheFrench.30．Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A．AbriefhistoryoftheGermanlanguage.B．HowtheGermanlanguagespreadworldwide.C．TheinfluenceoftechnologyontheGermanlanguage.D．HowtheGermanlanguageinfluencedotherlanguages.三、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Gardeningisnotanexactscience.Evenexpertgardenersmakemistakes.31．Followtheadvicetoarmyourselfwiththebasics.Choosetherightplantsforyoursoil.Beforeyoubuyanyplants,checkyoursoiltype:isitlightsand,orheavyclay(黏土)？32．Ifyou'renotsure,takealookatwhatplantsaregrowinginyourneighbour'sgarden.33．Don'tbetempted(诱惑)bythedisplaysatthegardencentreandbuytoomanyplantsforthesizeofyourbed.Ifyouplaceyoungplantstooclosetogether,notallwillsurviveor,iftheydo,theywillneedmorewatering.Plantlabels(标签)tellyouhowmuchroomtheyneed.Planaheadwithyourdesign.34．Placeallofyouryoungplantsonthesoilsurfacefirstandmovethemarounduntilyou'rehappywiththearrangement(布置).Thenplantthem.Watermindfully.Plantsaredesignedtoliveoutsideandtodrawnaturalwaterfromtheearthwithouttheneedfordailyartificialirrigation(人工灌溉).Asageneralguide,putyourfingersabouttwoinchesintothesoilaroundtheplant.35．Theexceptionsarecontainerplantswhichwillneedregularwatering.A.Giveplantsenoughspace.B.Ifitisverydry,addsomewater.C.Manyplantsgrowbetterinonetypethantheother.D.Havefunwithitandallowyourselftotrynewplants.E.Soyoubeginnersshouldn'tfeelworriedaboutplantingyourowngarden.F.Beforeyoudoanydigging,haveathinkaboutthebigpictureofyourgarden.G.Forfirst-timegardeners,itcanbeeasytoforgetwhatyou'veplantedandwhere.四、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhoobiewasthesmartestdogIhaveeverknown.Hewas36．tolearntricks（把戏）likesit,liedown,andstay.Thenhe37．toshutdoors.IfItoldhimwewerehavinga38．soon,hewouldsitatthewindowand39．,thenbark（吠叫）withexcitementwhenheheardthecarpullup.Atthedogpark,hewasthesheriff（治安宫）.Hewouldheardogsfightingandrunto40．themup.Iwouldshout,"Whoobie!Thisisnotyour41．!"Butoffhe'dgo.Whoobiewasmyperfectfriend,butIwasnothisonly42．.Oneday,WhoobieandIwere43．togetherandwokeuptoalittledogbarkingoutsidethewindow.Ilookedoutthewindow.Thegatewaslocked.Ihadno44．howhegotin.WhoobieandIwentoutside,butthelittledogwastoo45．tocometome.Igothimtoeatabit,buthe'd_46．backawayfromme.Itriedand47．foranhourtogethim.Finally,IjustleftthefrontdooropenandhefollowedWhoobieinside.Fromthenon,healways48．Whoobie.Nooneevercametolookforthelittledog,soIadopted（收养）him.Juanmusthavebeenabandoned（遗弃）.Hedidn't49．people,butquicklybecameWhoobie'sfriend.SeveraltimesIsawWhoobiewithanarmaroundJuan.Juanwas50．atthedogparktoo.NoonemessedwithJuanwhenhisbrotherwasthesheriff.36．A．proud B．quick C．free D．lucky37．A．remembered B．refused C．learned D．stopped38．A．customer B．traveller C．passenger D．visitor39．A．try B．nod C．wait D．work40．A．break B．pick C．hold D．lock41．A．answer B．mistake C．question D．business42．A．owner B．guard C．friend D．driver43．A．walking B．sleeping C．fighting D．playing44．A．idea B．choice C．advice D．problem45．A．angry B．afraid C．tired D．bored46．A．still B．also C．seldom D．never47．A．agreed B．failed C．happened D．asked48．A．helped B．discovered C．missed D．followed49．A．trust B．protect C．prevent D．see50．A．quiet B．kind C．safe D．patient五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ToShunanTeng,teaismuchmorethanapopulardrink.It'sanartform—andapiece51．Chinesehistoryworthpreserving(保护).Andshe'shappytotravelthousandsofmileseveryyear52．(keep)theancienttraditionalive.ShunanistheownerofTeaDrunk,ateahouseinNewYorkCitythatspecializesinhistoricChinesetea."There'sabig53．(different)betweenwhatweserveandthemass-producedteasfoundineverystore,"shesays.Assuch,thetealeavestheyusecanonly54．(find)inoneplace.Everyspring,ShunantravelstoChina,755．teawasfirstgrownthousandsofyearsago.Sheandlocalfarmerssearchmountainsforteatreesthat56．(stand)forhundredsofyears.Shunanevenclimbstreestofindthetastiestleaves!Afterthetealeavesareharvested(收获)anddried,57．(worker)lookthroughthemtopickoutdiscoloredleavesandstems(梗).ThisstepisespeciallyimportanttoShunan,assheinsistsononly58．(serve)thebestquality(优质的)tea.Thesortingprocess(分类过程)cantakemonths—butthedeliciousresultsareworthit!NothingmakesShunan59．(happy)thanproducingaone-of-a-kindtea."Myjobhereistopreservethisartandhopefullyevenpush60．toanewheight,"Shunansays.六、书面表达（满分25分）61．假如你的朋友向你征求学习英语的方法，请就下面的内容写一封回信：1）朗读和背诵帮助你记忆，养成用英语思考的习惯；2）多听、多交流，可以提高听、说能力；3）记日记，提高书面表达能力注意：1）词数80左右；2）信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数;3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：背诵learn···byheart用英语思考thinkinEnglishDearSimon,IhavereceivedyourletteraboutaskingmeforadviceonlearningEnglish.……Bestwishes.Yourstruly,Mary

答案解析部分1．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：珍妮和她的父母昨天都没有被邀请参加聚会。此处是谓语动词，与主语是被动关系，应用被动语态，neither...nor...连接并列主语，谓语动词遵循就近原则，此处与herparents一致，结合时间状语yesterday，可知应用一般现在时，故选B。

【点评】考查时态语态和主谓一致，本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态以及neither...nor...连接并列主语的应用。2．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：这部作品由四部分组成，我最喜欢的部分是第三部分。consistof=bemadeupof=becomposedof，“由组成”，consistof没有被动语态，故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析，区分consistof；bemadeof和becomposedof。3．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：如果你不认真对待家庭作业，你很可能会犯错。belikelytodo固定短语，“可能”，后接动词原形，故选B。

【点评】考查固定短语，掌握belikelytodo的应用。4．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：他的债务总计5000美元。A：addedat“加上”；B：addedup“加起来”；C：addedto“加到上”；D：addedupto““总计为，合计为”。根据空后的$5,000，可知总计为5000美元，故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分addat；addup；addto和addupto的含义。5．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：你不仅可以提出具体的问题，还可以通过阅读帖子来拓宽你的知识面。此句是notonly...but（also）...连接的并列句，当notonly位于句首时，该分句应用部分倒装，结合butyoucanalsobroadenyourknowledgebyreadingposts运用了情态动词can，故选C。

【点评】考查倒装，本题涉及部分倒装和notonly...but（also）...的应用。6．【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意：她在会上想出了一个增加销售额的好主意。A：cameup“走进，被提出”；B：cametrue“实现，成为现实”；C：cameacross“偶然遇见”；D：cameupwith“提出，想出”。根据“agoodidea”可知此处指想出了一个好主意，故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，区分comeup；cometrue；comeacross和comeupwith的含义和应用。7．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：本课程面向中级学生。此处是谓语动词，与主语Thiscourse是被动关系，beintendededfor固定短语，“打算供用，想用于”，故选B。

【点评】考查时态语态，以及固定短语beintendededfor。8．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：长城被公认为中国最伟大的东西之一。recognise...as...，固定短语，“把看作”，与主语theGreatWall是被动关系，应用被动语态，故选C。

【点评】考查时态语态以及固定短语，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态以及固定短语recognise...as...。9．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：我们必须意识到，我们前面还有很长的路要走，充满希望。aware形容词，“有意识的”，beawarethat“意识到”，后接that引导的宾语从句；beawareof“意识到”，后接名词，代词或者动名词，“thereisstillalongwayfilledwithhopeaheadofus”是句子，应用beawarethat；如果应用raiseourawareness，其后加that，与thereisstillalongwayfilledwithhopeaheadofus构成同位语从句，故选A。

【点评】考查宾语从句，掌握aware的应用。10．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：我会教你中文，以换取你教我英语。句中谓语动词是teach，因此此处应用介词短语，空后有宾语yourteachingmeEnglish，应用介词短语inexchangefor“与交换，用交换”，故选B。

【点评】考查介词短语，掌握inexchangefor的应用。11．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：乘客们被提醒在离开飞机时随身携带所有个人物品。remindsb.todo固定短语，“提醒某人做”，根据句意和助动词are，可知此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故选C。

【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般现在时的被动语态以及固定短语remindsb.todo。12．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：我不想在下次会议上对此事发表评论。makecommentson固定短语，“对做评论”，wanttodo固定短语，“想要做”，不定式作宾语，故选C。

【点评】考查非谓语动词以及动词短语，本题涉及不定式作宾语以及固定短语makecommentson和wanttodo。13．【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意：在完成数学作业之前，你需要时间反思一下。reflecton，固定短语，“反思”，此处不定式作定语，故选B。

【点评】考查非谓语动词和动词短语，本题涉及不定式作定语以及固定短语reflecton。14．【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：树旁边有一座漂亮的房子。besidethetree是介词短语，“在树旁边”，位于句首，其主语是abeautifulhouse“一座漂亮的房子”，属于名词短语，因此应用全部倒装，故选C。

【点评】考查倒装，本题涉及全部倒装的应用。15．【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意：在我的日记中，我根据事实记录了一系列事情。base...on...，固定短语，“以…..为基础，基于”，句中的setdown是谓语动词，因此此处应用非谓语动词形式，且与things是动宾关系，应用过去分词，此处作定语，故选A。

【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语以及固定短语base...on...。【答案】16．C17．D18．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四本书以及内容概要。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。16．考查细节理解。根据MarieCurieandHerDaughters部分中的“Thisbeautifulillustratedbookfollowstheadventuresofthefamilyastheysavelivesduringwars，travelaroundtheworld，andchangethehistoryofscience.”这本美丽的图文并茂的书讲述了这个家庭在战争中拯救生命、环游世界以及改变科学历史的冒险经历。可知，MarieCurieandHerDaughters这本书与科学有关。故选C。17．考查细节理解。根据TheGirlwithHerHeadintheClouds部分中的“ThisstoryisbasedonthereallifeofparachuteperformerDollyShepherd.”这个故事是根据跳伞表演者DollyShepherd的真实生活改编的。和byKarenMcCombie可知，KarenMcCombie的书是根据表演者的亲身经历写成的。故选D。18．考查推理判断。根据MarieCurieandHerDaughters部分中的“You'veprobablyheardofscientistMarieCurieandherdiscoveries,buthowaboutherdaughters，IreneandEve?”你可能听说过科学家玛丽•居里和她的发现，但她的女儿Irene和Eve呢？；Swordswoman!部分中的“DiscovertheamazingtruestoryofQueenLakshmibaiofJhansi-anIndianqueenwhocouldreadandwrite.”探索贾西女王拉克什米拜的惊人真实故事——一位能读会写的印度女王；Queens：3，000YearsoftheMostIncredibleWomeninHistory部分中的“Celebratingqueensfromallovertheworldandthroughhistory”这本书描述了世界各地和历史上的女王；以及TheGirlwithHerHeadintheClouds部分中的“Whenacoupleofshowmenneedhelpwithastunt(杂技表演)，16-year-oldDollyvolunteers.Soon,she'sbusywithworkingaparachutist(跳伞者).ThisstoryisbasedonthereallifeofparachuteperformerDollyShepherd.”当两个表演者需要特技帮助时，16岁的Dolly会主动请缨。很快，她就开始忙于伞兵的工作。这个故事是根据跳伞表演者DollyShepherd的真实生活改编的。可知，这四本书的共同点都描述了女英雄。故选D。【答案】19．D20．A21．A22．D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Gee'sBend被子是如何从普通物品发展为艺术品的。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。19．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“WhenCasterPettway,67,wasagirltherewerealwaysquilts(被子)around.Theywereonthebedsandsofasinherhouse.”67岁的CasterPettway还是个女孩时，身边总是有被子。它们在她家的床和沙发上；“Shealwaysseemedtobemakinganewone.”她似乎总是在做一个新的；以及“Andeverybodyineveryhousedidthesamething.”每个家庭的每个人都做了同样的事情。可知在CasterPettway的童年生活里，被子随处可见。几乎每家每户都在做新被子。故选D。20．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Theydidn'thaveproperfabric(织物)，sotheycutupoldclothingandsewedthepiecestogether.Theydidn'tusedesignsseenintraditionalquilts.Theycuttheirfabricintolarge,oftenirregular(不规则的)shapes.”他们没有合适的布料，所以他们把旧衣服剪下来缝在一起。他们没有使用传统被子上的图案。他们把织物切成大的，通常是不规则的形状。可知，与传统的被子相比，Gee'sBend小镇上的人们做的被子样式独特。故选A。21．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“In1998,artcollectorWilliamArnettsawaphotoofaGee'sBendquilt.Hewassoimpressedthathevisitedthetownandboughtthequilt.Hereturnedagainandagain.In2002,Arnettshowedthesequiltsinmuseumsaroundthecountry.”1998年，艺术收藏家威廉·阿内特（WilliamArnett）看到了一张Gee'sBend被子的照片。他印象深刻，所以他参观了这个镇，买了被子。他一次又一次地回来。2002年，阿内特在全国各地的博物馆展示了这些被子；再结合他在博物馆展览被了的行为，可知，他认为这些被子是艺术品，故选A。22．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Leadersarepromoting(宣传)thetownasatouristtown.Thishasencouragedthenextgeneration(代)tocarryonthetradition.”领导们正在推动该镇成为旅游小镇。这鼓励了下一代继承传统；“Pettwaysayssomeofheryoungfamilymembershavetakenupquilting.”Pettway说，她的一些年轻家庭成员已经开始缝纫；以及“They'regettingprettygood”它们变得很好。可推断，Gee'sBend小镇上制作被子这一传统将会由年轻人们传承下去。故选D。【答案】23．D24．D25．B26．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，每年，许多鸟儿因撞击建筑物而死亡。一些国家通过改善建筑物的玻璃来防止鸟类撞击玻璃事故的发生。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。23．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Abirdhadflownintothewindowandfallenontothebalcony(阳台).”一只鸟飞进窗户，掉在阳台上；以及第二段中的“between365millionandabillionbirdsarekilledeachyearintheUnitedStatesbyflyingintoglass.”美国每年有3.65亿到10亿只鸟因飞入玻璃而死亡。可知，在美国，每年有几亿只鸟儿囚撞击玻璃而死亡。而这只鸟撞到攻璃掉到阳台上后又飞走了。因此，作者觉得它很幸运。故选D。24．考查细节理解。根据第三.段中的“Birds,ofcourse,don'tmeantoflyintobuildings.It'sthereflectivityofthewindowsthattricks(欺骗)them”当然，鸟并不是要飞进建筑物。是窗户的反射率欺骗了它们；以及“Whenbirdsseereflectionsoftrees——tothem,theyarejustmoretreesthattheycanflyinto.”当鸟儿看到树的倒影时——对它们来说，它们只是更多的树，它们可以飞进去。可知，ChristineSheppard认为鸟儿并不是有意撞击玻璃的，它们只是被建筑物上玻璃反射的倒影误导了。故选D。25．考查段落大意。根据第四段“Sheppardandothers,includingenvironmentalistsandbuildingdesigners,worktomakebuildingsbird-friendlytolowerthenumberofbirdcollisions.”Sheppard和其他人，包括环保主义者和建筑设计师，致力于使建筑对鸟类友好，以减少鸟类碰撞的次数；第五段中的“Onemethodistouselessglass.Anotheristocoveraglassbuildingwithsomekindofscreen.”一种方法是少用玻璃。另一种是用某种屏风覆盖玻璃建筑；以及“Athirdmethodistousespecialglass”第三种方法是使用特殊玻璃；和所列举的实例可知本段主要讲述一些国家如何改善建筑物的玻璃来防止鸟类撞击玻璃事故的发生。故选B。26．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段的描述和最后一段中的“Weendedupbringingdowncollisionsbymorethan90%”我们最终减少了90%以上的碰撞，可知，位于纽约JavitsCenter换用了鸟类可见的特殊玻璃后，每年囚撞击该建筑导致的鸟类死亡事件减少了90%，即JavitsCenter更换玻璃的项目很成功。故选A。【答案】27．B28．D29．A30．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了德语发展的历史。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。27．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ExpertsbelievethebasisoftheGermanlanguage,Proto-Germanic,begantodevelopabout2000BCE,aspeoplebegantoliveinwesternareasoftheBalticSea.”专家认为，随着人们开始生活在波罗的海西部地区，德语的基础——原日耳曼语，大约在公元前2000年开始发展。可知专家认为德语最先是由约公元前2000年的原始日耳曼语发展而来的，故选B。28．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Aswithmanylanguages,Germanhasdevelopedalongwithsocietyandsociopoliticalfactors(社会政治因素)havehelpedshapethelanguageintowhatitistoday.”与许多语言一样，德语是随着社会和社会政治因素的发展而发展起来的。这是本段的中心句，指出德语的发展受到了多种因素的影响，包括其他语言，移民，战争、贸易以及科技发展，之后作者用具体的事例对这一观点进行了解释说明，故选D。29．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“AmajorinfluenceonthestandardizationofGermanwasMartinLuther'sGermantranslationofaninfluentialbookin1522.That‘style'waslargelybasedonthelanguageusedattheSaxoncourt.ThisbecamethebasisofwhatweknowasGermantoday.”对德语标准化的一个主要影响是MartinLuther在1522年对一本有影响力的书的德语翻译。这种“风格”主要基于撒克逊宫廷使用的语言。这成为我们今天所知的德语的基础。可知MartinLuther翻译的著作为当代德语的发展奠定了基础，故选A。30．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了德语从原始日耳曼语发展为当代德语的过程，并指出了发展过程中的影响因素，可知“德语发展简史”适合作文章的标题，故选A。【答案】31．E；32．C；33．A；34．F；35．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何从事园艺工作。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇介绍类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。31．根据空前“Gardeningisnotanexactscience.Evenexpertgardenersmakemistakes.”园艺不是一门精确的科学。即使是园艺专家也会犯错。此处告诉人们不要担心犯错，与前句是因果关系，E.Soyoubeginnersshouldn'tfeelworriedaboutplantingyourowngarden.“所以你们这些初学者不应该为种植自己的花园感到担忧。”承接上文，符合语境，故选E。32．根据空前“Choosetherightplantsforyoursoil.”选择适合你土壤的植物；以及空后“Ifyou'renotsure,takealookatwhatplantsaregrowinginyourneighbour'sgarden.”如果你不确定，看看你邻居的花园里种了什么植物。可推知此处说明不同的植物适合的土质不同，C.Manyplantsgrowbetterinonetypethantheother.“许多植物在一种土壤中比另一种生长得更好。”承上启下，符合语境，故选C。33．根据空后“Don'tbetempted(诱惑)bythedisplaysatthegardencentreandbuytoomanyplantsforthesizeofyourbed.Ifyouplaceyoungplantstooclosetogether,notallwillsurviveor,iftheydo,theywillneedmorewatering.Plantlabels(标签)tellyouhowmuchroomtheyneed.”不要被花园中心的展示所诱惑，买太多适合你床大小的植物。如果你把年轻的植物放得太近，并不是所有的植物都能存活，或者，如果它们能存活，它们需要更多的浇水。植物标签告诉你它们需要多少空间。可知本段说明要给植物足够的空间，A.Giveplantsenoughspace.“给植物足够的空间。”能概括本段，故选A。34．根据空前“Planaheadwithyourdesign.”提前计划您的设计；以及空后“Placeallofyouryoungplantsonthesoilsurfacefirstandmovethemarounduntilyou'rehappywiththearrangement(布置).Thenplantthem.”首先把你所有的小植物放在土壤表面，然后四处移动，直到你对这种安排感到满意，然后再种植它们。可知此处说明提前规划花园的图纸，F.Beforeyoudoanydigging,haveathinkaboutthebigpictureofyourgarden.“在你进行任何挖掘之前，先想一想你的花园的大图。”承上启下，符合语境，故选F。35．根据空前“Plantsaredesignedtoliveoutsideandtodrawnaturalwaterfromtheearthwithouttheneedfordailyartificialirrigation(人工灌溉).Asagene