2025年托福考试阅读真题模拟模拟试卷：海洋海洋资源

2025年托福考试阅读真题模拟模拟试卷：海洋海洋资源考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______一、选择题要求：仔细阅读每篇短文，根据短文内容选择最合适的答案。每篇短文后有5道题，每道题有4个选项，请将正确选项的字母填涂在答题卡上。1.Theoceancoversmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurfaceandcontainsabout97%oftheEarth'swater.Itplaysacrucialroleinregulatingtheplanet'sclimate,supportingavastarrayoflife,andprovidingresourcesthatareessentialforhumansurvival.However,humanactivitiessuchasoverfishing,pollution,andclimatechangeareposingsignificantthreatstooceanhealth.Scientistshavebeenstudyingtheimpactsofthesethreatsanddevelopingstrategiestomitigatethem.Oneofthekeychallengesistobalancehumanneedswiththepreservationofmarineecosystems.Effortsarebeingmadetopromotesustainablefishingpractices,reducepollution,andprotectcriticalhabitatslikecoralreefsandmangroves.Theseeffortsarenotonlyimportantforthehealthoftheoceanbutalsoforthewell-beingofhumanity.Withouthealthyoceans,theconsequencesforourplanetanditsinhabitantswouldbedevastating.(1)Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.TodescribetheimportanceoftheoceaninregulatingtheEarth'sclimate.B.Todiscussthethreatstooceanhealthandtheeffortstomitigatethem.C.Tohighlighttheroleofscientistsinstudyingoceanhealth.D.Toemphasizetheneedforsustainablefishingpractices.(2)Accordingtothepassage,whatpercentageoftheEarth'swateriscontainedintheocean?A.70%B.97%C.30%D.100%(3)Whataresomeofthehumanactivitiesthatareposingthreatstooceanhealth?A.Overfishingandpollution.B.Climatechangeandoverfishing.C.Pollutionandclimatechange.D.Overfishing,pollution,andclimatechange.(4)Whatisoneofthekeychallengesmentionedinthepassage?A.Thelackofscientificresearchonoceanhealth.B.Thedifficultyinbalancinghumanneedswiththepreservationofmarineecosystems.C.Theinsufficientfundingforoceanconservationefforts.D.Thelimitednumberofstrategiestomitigatethreatstooceanhealth.(5)Whataresomeoftheeffortsbeingmadetoprotectoceanhealth?A.Promotingsustainablefishingpractices.B.Reducingpollution.C.Protectingcriticalhabitatslikecoralreefsandmangroves.D.Alloftheabove.2.Theoceanisarichsourceofbiodiversity,supportinganincrediblevarietyofmarinelife.Fromtinyplanktontomassivewhales,theoceanishometocountlessspeciesthathaveadaptedtoitsuniqueenvironment.Coralreefs,oftenreferredtoasthe"rainforestsofthesea,"areamongthemostdiverseecosystemsontheplanet.Theyprovidehabitatforaquarterofallmarinespeciesandplayavitalroleinprotectingcoastlinesfromerosion.However,coralreefsarefacingseverethreatsduetoclimatechange,pollution,andoverfishing.Warmeroceantemperaturescausecoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheircolorfulalgaeandbecomevulnerabletodeath.Pollutionfromcoastaldevelopmentandindustrialactivitiesalsoharmscoralreefsbyintroducingharmfulchemicalsandsediments.Overfishingdisruptstheecologicalbalanceoftheseecosystems,leadingtothedeclineofkeyspecies.Toaddressthesechallenges,conservationeffortsarefocusedonprotectingandrestoringcoralreefs,raisingawarenessabouttheirimportance,andimplementingsustainablepracticesthatminimizehumanimpact.Theseeffortsarecrucialforpreservingtheocean'sbiodiversityandensuringthehealthofourplanet'smostvaluablenaturalresource.(1)Whatisthemainfocusofthepassage?A.Thediversityofmarinelifeintheocean.B.Thethreatsfacingcoralreefsandtheeffortstoprotectthem.C.Theroleofcoralreefsinsupportingmarineecosystems.D.Theimpactofhumanactivitiesonoceanbiodiversity.(2)Whatisamajorthreattocoralreefsmentionedinthepassage?A.Overfishing.B.Climatechangeandpollution.C.Coastaldevelopment.D.Industrialactivities.(3)Whatiscoralbleaching?A.Theprocessbywhichcoralslosetheircolorfulalgae.B.Thedestructionofcoralreefsduetohumanactivities.C.Thedeclineofkeyspeciesinmarineecosystems.D.Theintroductionofharmfulchemicalsandsedimentsintotheocean.(4)Whataresomeoftheconservationeffortsmentionedinthepassage?A.Protectingandrestoringcoralreefs.B.Raisingawarenessabouttheimportanceofcoralreefs.C.Implementingsustainablepractices.D.Alloftheabove.(5)Whyarecoralreefsimportanttothehealthofourplanet?A.Theyprovidehabitatforaquarterofallmarinespecies.B.Theyprotectcoastlinesfromerosion.C.Theysupportavastarrayofmarinelife.D.Alloftheabove.二、填空题要求：阅读短文，根据短文内容填写空格，每空填一个单词。TheoceanisacomplexanddynamicsystemthatplaysavitalroleinshapingtheEarth'senvironment.Itinfluencesweatherpatterns,regulatestemperature,andsupportsadiversearrayoflifeforms.Humanactivitieshavesignificantlyimpactedtheocean,leadingtovariousenvironmentalchallenges.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisoverfishing,whichhasdepletedmanyfishpopulationsanddisruptedmarineecosystems.Anothermajorconcernispollution,withplasticwaste,chemicalrunoff,andoilspillscausingseveredamagetooceanhabitats.Climatechangeisalsotakingatollontheocean,withrisingtemperaturesleadingtocoralbleachingandoceanacidification.Theseissueshighlighttheurgentneedforsustainablemanagementpracticesandconservationefforts.Scientistsandpolicymakersareworkingtogethertodevelopstrategiesthatbalancehumanneedswiththepreservationofmarineenvironments.Byimplementingmeasuressuchasestablishingmarineprotectedareas,promotingsustainablefishingmethods,andreducingpollution,wecanhelpensurethehealthandsustainabilityofouroceansforfuturegenerations.Educationandawarenessarealsocrucialinfosteringasenseofresponsibilityandencouragingindividualstotakeaction.Together,wecanmakeadifferenceandprotectthisinvaluableresourceforourselvesandtheplanet.三、判断题要求：阅读短文，根据短文内容判断下列陈述的正误，正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”。Theoceanisavastandmysteriousworldthathasfascinatedhumansforcenturies.Itcoversmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurfaceandcontainsmorewaterthanallthefreshwatersourcescombined.Theocean'sdepthsarehometoaincrediblevarietyoflifeforms,fromtinymicroorganismstogiantmarinemammals.Coralreefs,oftencalledthe"rainforestsofthesea,"areamongthemostbiodiverseecosystemsontheplanet,supportingaquarterofallmarinespecies.However,theoceanisfacingnumerouschallengesduetohumanactivities.Overfishinghasledtothedepletionofmanyfishspecies,disruptingthebalanceofmarineecosystems.Pollution,particularlyplasticwaste,isamajorproblem,withmillionsoftonsofplasticenteringtheoceaneachyear,harmingmarinelifeandcontaminatingtheenvironment.Climatechangeisalsohavingasignificantimpact,withrisingseatemperaturescausingcoralbleachingandoceanacidification,whichthreatenthesurvivalofmanyoceanspecies.Conservationeffortsarecrucialtoaddresstheseissues.Scientistsareworkingondevelopingsustainablefishingpractices,suchascatchlimitsandmarineprotectedareas,topreservefishpopulations.Initiativestoreducepollution,includingrecyclingprogramsandthedevelopmentofbiodegradablematerials,arealsoessential.Raisingawarenessabouttheimportanceoftheoceanandthethreatsitfacesisanotherkeyaspectofconservation.Educationcaninspireindividualstotakeactionandmakeadifference.Byworkingtogether,wecanprotecttheoceanandensureitshealthforfuturegenerations.(1)Theoceancoversmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurface.T(2)Theoceancontainsmorewaterthanallthefreshwatersourcescombined.T(3)Coralreefsarehometoaquarterofallmarinespecies.T(4)Overfishinghasnotdisruptedthebalanceofmarineecosystems.F(5)Plasticwasteisnotamajorproblemintheocean.F(6)Risingseatemperaturesarenotcausingcoralbleaching.F(7)Conservationeffortsarenotcrucialtoaddressoceanissues.F(8)Sustainablefishingpracticesarenotbeingdevelopedtopreservefishpopulations.F(9)Initiativestoreducepollutionarenotessential.F(10)Raisingawarenessabouttheimportanceoftheoceanisnotanotherkeyaspectofconservation.F四、简答题要求：根据短文内容，回答下列问题，每题回答不超过50字。TheoceanisavitalcomponentoftheEarth'secosystem,providingresourcesthatareessentialforhumansurvival.Itgeneratesmuchoftheoxygenwebreathethroughphotosynthesisperformedbymarineplantsandalgae.Theoceanalsohelpsregulatetheplanet'sclimatebyabsorbingcarbondioxideandreleasingheat.However,humanactivitiesarecausingsignificantdamagetotheocean.Overfishingisdepletingfishpopulationsatanalarmingrate,whilepollutionfromcoastaldevelopmentandindustrialactivitiesiscontaminatingoceanwaters.Climatechangeisexacerbatingtheseproblems,withrisingseatemperaturesleadingtocoralbleachingandoceanacidification.Tomitigatetheseissues,variousconservationstrategiesarebeingimplemented.Theseincludeestablishingmarineprotectedareas,promotingsustainablefishingpractices,andreducingpollution.Additionally,publicawarenesscampaignsarebeingconductedtoeducatepeopleabouttheimportanceofoceanconservation.Theseeffortsarecrucialforensuringthelong-termhealthandsustainabilityofouroceans.(1)Howdoestheoceancontributetohumansurvival?Theoceangeneratesoxygenandhelpsregulatetheplanet'sclimate.(2)Whatisamajorproblemcausedbyhumanactivitiesintheocean?Overfishingandpollutionaremajorproblemscausedbyhumanactivitiesintheocean.(3)Whatiscoralbleaching?Coralbleachingistheprocesswherecoralslosetheircolorfulalgaeduetorisingseatemperatures.(4)Whataresomeconservationstrategiesbeingimplementedtoprotecttheocean?Establishingmarineprotectedareas,promotingsustainablefishingpractices,andreducingpollution.(5)Whyarepublicawarenesscampaignsimportantforoceanconservation?Publicawarenesscampaignseducatepeopleabouttheimportanceofoceanconservation,encouragingthemtotakeaction.本次试卷答案如下一、选择题1.(1)B.Todiscussthethreatstooceanhealthandtheeffortstomitigatethem.解析：文章主要围绕海洋面临的威胁（如过度捕捞、污染、气候变化）以及应对这些威胁的努力展开，B选项最能概括文章主旨。(2)B.97%解析：原文明确指出“theoceancontainsabout97%oftheEarth'swater”，直接对应B选项。(3)D.Overfishing,pollution,andclimatechange.解析：文章中提到“humanactivitiessuchasoverfishing,pollution,andclimatechangeareposingsignificantthreatstooceanhealth”，明确列出了这三项威胁。(4)B.Thedifficultyinbalancinghumanneedswiththepreservationofmarineecosystems.解析：文章指出“Oneofthekeychallengesistobalancehumanneedswiththepreservationofmarineecosystems”，B选项准确反映了这一挑战。(5)D.Alloftheabove.解析：文章列举了“promotingsustainablefishingpractices,reducepollution,andprotectcriticalhabitatslikecoralreefsandmangroves”作为保护海洋健康的努力，对应D选项。2.(1)B.Todiscussthethreatsfacingcoralreefsandtheeffortstoprotectthem.解析：文章主要围绕珊瑚礁面临的威胁（如气候变化、污染、过度捕捞）以及保护珊瑚礁的努力展开，B选项最能概括文章主旨。(2)B.Climatechangeandpollution.解析：文章明确提到“Warmeroceantemperaturescausecoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheircolorfulalgaeandbecomevulnerabletodeath.Pollutionfromcoastaldevelopmentandindustrialactivitiesalsoharmscoralreefs”，指出了气候变暖和污染是主要威胁。(3)A.Theprocessbywhichcoralslosetheircolorfulalgae.解析：文章对珊瑚白化的定义是“Warmeroceantemperaturescausecoralbleaching,aphenomenonwherecoralslosetheircolorfulalgae”，A选项准确描述了这一点。(4)D.Alloftheabove.解析：文章列举了“protectingandrestoringcoralreefs,raisingawarenessabouttheirimportance,andimplementingsustainablepractices”作为保护珊瑚礁的努力，对应D选项。(5)D.Alloftheabove.解析：文章指出珊瑚礁的重要性在于“Theyprovidehabitatforaquarterofallmarinespecies.Theyprotectcoastlinesfromerosion.Theysupportavastarrayofmarinelife”，对应D选项。二、填空题(1)dynamic解析：原文提到“Theoceanisacomplexanddynamicsystem”，dynamic意为“动态的”，符合语境。(2)ecosystems解析：原文提到“Humanactivitieshavesignificantlyimpactedtheocean,leadingtovariousenvironmentalchallenges”，结合上下文，ecosystems（生态系统）是合适的填空。(3)overfishing解析：原文明确提到“Overfishinghasdepletedmanyfishpopulationsanddisruptedmarineecosystems”，overfishing是合适的填空。(4)pollution解析：原文提到“Anothermajorconcernispollution,withplasticwaste,chemicalrunoff,andoilspillscausingseveredamagetooceanhabitats”，pollution是合适的填空。(5)sustainability解析：原文提到“wecanhelpensurethehealthandsustainabilityofouroceans”，sustainability意为“可持续性”，符合语境。三、判断题(1)T解析：原文明确提到“Theoceancoversmorethan70%oftheEarth'ssurface”，判断正确。(2)T解析：原文提到“Theoceancontainsmorewaterthanallthefreshwatersourcescombined”，判断正确。(3)T解析：原文提到“Coralreefs,oftencalledthe'rainforestsofthesea,'areamongthemostbiodiverseecosystemsontheplanet,supportingaquarterofallmarinespecies”，判断正确。(4)F解析：原文提到“Overfishinghasledtothedepletionofmanyfishspecies,disruptingthebalanceofmarineecosystems”，判断错误。(5)F解析：原文提到“Pollution,particularlyplasticwaste,isamajorproblem,withmillionsoftonsofplasticenteringtheoceaneachyear,harmingmarinelifeandcontaminatingtheenvironment”，判断错误。(6)F解析：原文提到“Climatechangeisalsohavingasignificantimpact,withrisingseatemperaturescausingcoralbleachingandoceanacidification”，判断错误。(7)F解析：原文提到“Conservationeffortsarecrucialtoaddresstheseissues”，判断错误。(8)F解析：原文提到“Scientistsareworkingondevelopingsustainablefishingpractices,suchascatchlimitsandmarineprotectedareas,topreservefishpopulations”，判断错误。(9)F解析：原文提到“Initiativestoreducepollution,includingrecyclingprogramsandthedevelopmentofbiodegradablematerials,arealsoessential”，判断错误。(10)F解析：原文提到“Raisingawarenessabouttheimportanceoftheocean