（复习部分）专题01冠词代词易错点（10个）（原卷版）

专题01冠词、代词+易错点（10个）内容导航考点聚焦：核心考点+中考考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破冠词代词冠词考点一考点一不定冠词用法例词或例句用于第一次提到的人或事物前Isawaboysleepingoverthere.用来指一类人或事物中的任何一个IwanttobuyanEnglishbook.表示数量,相当于one或eachIhaveamouth,anoseandtwoeyes.指某人或某物,但不具体指明是哪个人或物Amaniswaitingforyouatthegate.表示类别,泛指某一类人或物Ahorseisbiggerthanarabbit.表示“每一”的意思,相当于everyonceaweek;200kilometresanhour用在such、quite、rather、half、what等词之后suchabusyday;halfanhour特别提醒a和an都用于可数名词单数前，但两者用法有区别：若随后的单词以辅音音素开头用a若随后的单词以元音音素开头用an*某些以元音字母开头的单词用a，因为其第一个音是/j/。如：auniversity，aEuropeanlanguage。*某些以字母h开头的单词用an，因为这些单词的＂h＂不发音。如：anhonestboy，anhourago。字母s，x，n，m，f等用an如：thereisan“s”intheword.*在序数词前表示“又一，再一”。如：I’vetriedthreetimes.Letmetryafourthtime.1．Look!There’s________baby.It’ssocute.A．an B．a C．the D．不填2．Myfatheris_____engineer.Healwayshelpsourneighboursfixdifferentmachines.A．a B．an C．the D．/思路点拨：1.考查冠词。此处泛指“一个婴儿”，baby以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故选B。2.考查冠词辨析。a一个，表泛指，用于辅音音素开头的词之前；an一个，表泛指，用于元音音素开头的词之前；the表特指；/不填。根据“Myfatheris…engineer”可知，此处表示泛指，engineer是元音音素开头，应该用冠词an。故选B。答案1.B2.B考点二考点二定冠词the定冠词the的基本用法用法示例表示双方都知道的人或事物Givemethebook,please.特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物Doyouknowthegirlinred?表示世界上独一无二的事物Themoonmovesaroundtheearth.用在序数词、形容词最高级前面以及对两个人或事物进行比较时的比较级前Thefirstlessonisveryeasy.Heistheyoungerofthetwoboys.用在姓氏复数前表示一家人或夫妻俩TheGreensarewatchingTVnow.用在单数可数名词前表一类人或事物Theorangeisorange.与某些形容词连用表一类人Weshouldhelptheold.用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前,或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前theGreatWall,theSummerPalace1．Didyoustarttoplay________violinat________ageofsix?A．the;the B．the;an C．不填;the D．不填;a2．SuqianisbeautifulcityinnorthofJiangsuProvince.A．a;/ B．a;the C．/;a D．the;a思路点拨：1.考查冠词的用法。不定冠词a/an表示泛指，具有“一”的概念，在以辅音音素开头的词前用a，在以元音音素开头的词前用an；the是定冠词，用于特指。第一次提到某人或某物时，用不定冠词；第二次再次提到该人或该物时，用定冠词the。拉小提琴用playtheviolin表示，因此可先排除C和D；“在多大年龄时”用attheageof表示。故选A。2.考查冠词辨析。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。根据“Suqianis...beautifulcity”可知，此处表泛指，beautiful是以辅音音素开头的单词，此处填冠词a；根据“in...northof”可知，此处方位词前需要加定冠词the。故选B。答案1.A2.B考点三考点三不用冠词（零冠词）不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时Animalscan’tlivewithoutwater.Horsesarehelpfulanimals.某些专有名词(如人名、地名、国家名等)、物质名词和抽象名词表示泛指时Chinaisagreatcountry.MarylivesinNewYork.Paperismadefromwood.名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词或名词所有格等修饰时EverystudentlikesEnglishinourclass.在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前ThisisProfessorLi.在三餐、球类运动及学科名词之前Iwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfastthismorning.Heoftenplaysfootballafterschool.由“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、山名等的词前NanjingRoadHainanIsland与by连用的交通工具名称前bycar,bytrain在节假日名称前NewYear’sDay,Women’sDay1．______word“unusual”beginswith______“u”.A．A;a B．A;an C．The;an D．The;a2．Ihave________pen.________penisapresentfromBen.A．a;A B．the;The C．a;The D．the;A3．Wearenowplanning_________onedaytriptothePalaceMuseumfortheingsummerholiday.A．a B．an C．the D．/4．Tobe________NBAplayer,StephenCurrystartedtopracticeatayoungage.A．a B．an C．the5．Jimtook_________onehourridearoundthelakeyesterday.What_________greatfunhehad!A．an,a B．an,/ C．a,a D．a,/6．Doyouknowthatpeter’smotheris________architect?A．a B．an C．the D．/真题感知1．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Iwanttobe_______scientistlikeQianXuesenwhenIgrowup.A．a B．an C．the D．/2．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）Iusuallyhave________lunchwithmyclassmatesatschool.A．/ B．a C．an D．the3．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）AsastudentinmodernChina,everybodyshouldworkhardtolive________meaningfullife.A．a B．an C．the D．不填4．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）ItissaidthatPandaYaYawilllive________restofherlifeinherhometown,China.A．a B．an C．the D．不填5．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）Chinais________countrywithahistoryofmorethan5,000years.A．the B．a C．an D．/6．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）Yangzhouis________cityfullof________history,cultureandmouthwateringfood.A．the;a B．a;a C．the;the D．a;/7．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Bettybegantoplay________violinattheageoffour.—Nowondersheplayssowell.A．a B．an C．the D．/代词考点一考点一人称代词、物主代词和反身代词1.人称代词、物主代词和反身代词构成如下：类别人称代词物主代词反身代词主格宾格形容词性名词性第一人称单数I________________________________复数we________________________________第二人称单数you________________________________复数you________________________________第三人称单数he________________________________she________________________________it________________________________复数they________________________________【拓展】带有反身代词的常用短语________oneself过得愉快 ________oneselfto随便吃……________oneself打扮自己 ________sb.byoneself把某人单独留下________...byoneself自学…… ________oneself苏醒________oneself亲自 ________oneself伤到某人自己；伤害自己1．—Jack,mygrandmotherlearnsthingsveryfast!________canmakeshortvideosonTikTok.—Soundsgreat!A．He B．She C．Him D．Her2．MissWangisagoodteacher.Sheteaches________howtotellChina’sstorieswellinEnglish.A．we B．us C．our D．ours3．Allthe________teachersenjoy________onMarch8th,becauseitistheirownholiday.A．woman;them B．woman;themselvesC．women:themselves D．women;them思路点拨：1.考查人称代词。He他，主格；She她，主格；Him他，宾格；Her她，宾格。根据“canmakeshortvideosonTikTok.”可知，此处要用人称代词主格，在句中作主语，结合“mygrandmotherlearnsthingsveryfast!”可知，应用she。故选B。2.考查代词辨析。we我们，主格；us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。此处作为动词teach的宾语，用宾格形式，故选B。3.考查名词复数及代词用法。woman妇女，名词单数；women妇女，名词复数；them他们，宾格；themselves他们自己。woman作定语修饰名词，变复数时前后两个名词都变成复数，故排除选项A和B；enjoyoneself表示“玩得开心”，固定搭配。故选C。答案1.B2.B3.C考点二考点二易混不定代词辨析序号不定代词用法例句1some用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中。Tomhassomestorybooks.Wouldyoulikesomemilk?any一般用于疑问句或否定句中。Arethereanyapplesonthetree?Therearen’tanybuses.2both表示“两者都”。Tom’sparentsarebothdoctors.all表示“三者或三者以上都”。Allofthebooksareveryinteresting.either表示“两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。Eitherofthebooksisinteresting.neither表示“两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数。Neitherofhisfriendshaseyet.3noone指人，不能接of短语。Noonewouldliketogowithher.none表示否定，可以指人或物，常接of短语。NoneofthemhasbeentoBeijing.4every表整体概念，只能作定语。不能与of短语连用。表示“每一”。EverytimeIgotoseehim,heisverybusy.each强调个体，可作主语、宾语和定语等，可以指人或物。可以与of短语连用。表示“每一个”。Eachofyoucantrytwice.5many修饰可数名词复数。Therearemanybooksonthedesk.much修饰不可数名词。Ihavemuchhomeworktodo.6few表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰可数名词。Hehasfewfriendshere.afew表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰可数名词。Thereareafewapplesinthebasket.little表“否定”，是“几乎没有”的意思，修饰不可数名词。Thereislittlewaterinthebottle.alittle表“肯定”，是“有一点”的意思，修饰不可数名词。Don’tworry.Thereisalittletimeleft.7other泛指其他的，修饰复数名词。Doyouhaveanyotherideas?theother指“两者中的另一个”。Ihavetwobooks.OneisChinese,theotherisEnglish.another指“三者或以上中的另一个”。Wouldyoulikeanothercupoftea?others泛指其他的人或物。Somewenttothepark,othersvisitedthemuseum.theothers特指其余的所有人或物。FivestudentsinourclassareEnglish,theothersareChinese.1．―Iamsothirsty.CanIhave________drinks?—There________applejuiceinthefridge.Doyouwantit?A．some;isalittle B．any;aresome C．any;issome D．some;areafew2．—Whichblousedoyouwanttobuy?—I’llbuybothofthem.Oneisformymother,and________isformysister.A．other B．another C．theother D．theothers3．Somekidsareunhealthybecausetheyeat________vegetablesbutmuchmeat.A．afew B．few C．alittle D．little4．—________Tommyandhisparents________thefilmAlittleredflower?—Yes,________ofthemthinkit’sabeautifulstory.Does;enjoy;all B．Are;interestedin;all C．Do;enjoy;each D．Are;interestedin;both5．Jack,etomyoffice!Ihave__________totellyou.A．importantsomething B．nothingimportantC．somethingimportant D．importantanything思路点拨：1.考查be动词和代词辨析。some一些，用于期望得到肯定回答的疑问句中，修饰可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词；any任何，常用于疑问句和否定句中；is是，主语是单数；are是，主语是复数；alittle一点，用于修饰不可数名词；afew一点，用于修饰可数名词的复数形式。分析“CanIhave...drinks?”可知，该句是一个期望得到肯定回答的疑问句，所以第一空应用some，故排除选项B和C；第二空后的applejuice是不可数名词，结合剩余选项可知，第二空应用isalittle。故选A。2.考查代词用法。other其他的，其后跟名词复数；another指三者或以上中的另一个；theother指两者中的另一个；theothers等于“theother+复数名词”，指某一范围内的其他的(人或物)。根据“I’llbuybothofthem.Oneisformymother”可知，此处指的是两者中的另一件。故选C。3.考查代词辨析。afew一些，修饰可数名词复数；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；alittle一点，修饰不可数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据“Somekidsareunhealthybecausetheyeat...”可知他们不健康，因为他们几乎不吃蔬菜，修饰可数名词复数vegetables用few。故选B。4.考查主谓一致和不定代词。each（两个或两个以上的人或物中）各自；both两者都；all（三者或三者以上）都。问句的主语Tommyandhisparents为复数，因此排除A选项。根据“think”可知，第三空排除C选项；them指代Tommyandhisparents，三者，所以第三空又排除D选项。故选B。5.考查复合不定代词的用法。something一些事情(常用于肯定句)；anything任何事情(常用于疑问句和否定句)，且形容词作定语时，需要后置。根据“Ihave...totellyou.”可知此处是肯定句。故选C。答案1.A2.C3.B4.B5.C1．—Excuseme,isthisJack’spencilbox?—Yes,it’s.A．mine B．ours C．his D．theirs2．Amyhidunder________deskquicklywhentheearthquake(地震)happened.A．she B．her C．hers D．herself3．—Iwalkmydogseveryday.Howdoyoulookafter________?—Mymumjustasksmetokeepmineclean.A．hers B．them C．yours D．yourself4．—Wouldyoulike________morevegetablesormeat?—No,thanks.I’mfull.Idon’twant________food.A．some;any B．some;some C．any;any D．any;some5．Thereisonly________waterinthebottle,so________peoplecandrinkit.A．afew;few B．alittle;few C．little;afew D．alittle;alittle6．—It’sreallydifficulttoflythisbigkite.—Have________try!Don’tsaynobeforeyoutryhardenough.A．other B．others C．another D．theother7．—Listen!________issingingnextdoor.IsitSandy?—No,itcan’tbeher.ShewentbacktotheUSAforChristmasyesterday.A．Anybody B．Somebody C．Nobody D．Everybody8．—Excuseme,canIuseyourputer?________isbroken.—Certainly.Butdon’tforgettogive________backbeforelunch.A．My;one B．My;it C．Mine;one D．Mine;it真题感知1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Oh!Iforgottobring________ruler.—Don’tworry.Icanshareminewithyou.A．I B．me C．my D．mine2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Whowascallingyouonthephonejustnow?—________wasmycousin.A．He B．She C．It D．This3．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）LittleMarywasproudof______becauseshetaughtUncleLihowtoborrowbooksonline.A．herself B．hers C．she D．her4．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）We’relookingfor________whocandealwiththenewputervirus.A．someone B．everyone C．something D．everything5．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）“What’sthat?”is________ofthefirstthingsthatchildrensay.A．some B．each C．one D．that6．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）I’vevisitedNewYorkandLosAngeles,butIdon’tlike________ofthemverymuch.A．either B．any C．neither D．none7．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）ChemistryisasinterestingasPhysics.________ofthemhelpstudentsexplorethescienceworld.A．Neither B．Both C．All D．None易错点（10个）考点1辨析begoodat，begoodwith与begoodfor易混词组含义begoodat意为“擅长于”，相当于dowellin，at后常接名词、代词或动词­ing形式begoodwith意为“善于应付……的；对……有办法”，后常接表示人的名词或代词begoodfor意为“对……有好处”，其反义短语为bebadfor，意为“对……有害；对……有坏处”1．Eatingfreshfruitandvegetablesisgood________ourhealth.A．at B．withC．for D．to考点2enjoy的用法词汇用法例句enjoy意为“享受……的乐趣；欣赏；喜爱”，后常接名词、代词或动词­ing形式作宾语。AfterfinishingthehomeworkIenjoylisteningtosomemusic.做完作业后我喜欢听听音乐。enjoyoneself＝haveagoodtime＝havefun过得愉快；玩得高兴Heenjoyedhimself(＝hadagoodtime＝hadfun)atthepartylastnight.昨晚他在聚会上玩得很高兴。Theretiredcoupleenjoy____________(拍照)photos.Theyalwaysgooutwiththeircameras.考点3make的用法Thespeakershowedsomeproperexamplestomakethesciencereporteasytounderstand.演讲者举了几个恰当的例子来让这个科学报告容易理解。1.MissGaotriestomakeherstudents________(表达)theirideas.2.Hespokeloudertomakehimself________(被听见).考点4辨析achieve，etrue与realize易混词(组)含义及用法achieve及物动词，意为“达到；完成；成功”。主语为人，宾语为目标、胜利、成功、名誉和地位等。etrue不及物动词词组，意为“实现；成为现实”，主语为梦想、愿望、蓝图和计划等，后不接宾语。realize及物动词，意为“实现；了解，意识到”。主语可以是人，也可以是物。主语为物时通常用于被动语态。【一言辨异】Ihopeyourdreamwilletrue.＝Ihopeyoucanachieveyourdream.＝Ihopeyourdreamcanberealized.我希望你的梦想成真。1．Dreamsarebeautiful.However，to________themneedslotsoftimeandwork.A．discover B．findC．achieve D．etrue2．Inorderto________(实现)ourChinadream，weshouldmakeeffortstobuildbeautifulChina.考点5play的用法词性用法名词意为“剧本；戏剧”：writeaplay写剧本动词意为“演奏”：play＋the＋乐器：playthepiano意为“播放”：playmusic意为“玩”：playwithsb./sth.与某人一起玩/玩某物play＋球类名词：playbasketball/footballplay＋棋牌类/游戏类名词：playchess/cards/putergames意为“扮演”：playa(n)...role/partin...在……中扮演……角色；在……中发挥……作用【注意】play的名词形式为player，意为“参赛者；播放机”。1．Bobismybrother.Helikesplaying________chess，buthedoesn'tlikeplaying__________piano.A．a;the B．/;theC．the;/ D．an;the2．Studentsallshouldplayapartin________(保持)ourschoolclean.3．Forthosestudentswhoactinschool________(戏剧),theybuildupagreatpoweroflearningandadreamtobearealactor.考点6.建议句型1．—Whatabout________thisafternoon?—Soundsgreat.Let'sgo__________andbuysomewaterfirst.A．playingtennis；toshop B．playtennis；toshopC．playingtennis；shopping D．playtennis；shopping2．—Ioftenplayfootballwithmyfriendsafterschool.________？—Igodancingeveryday.A．Howareyou B．HowdoyoudoC．Whatareyou D．Whataboutyou3．Whydon'tyou________(做)moreexercisetokeepthininsteadofeatingnothing?4．Wouldyou________(介意)meturningontheradio?Iwanttolistentoit.考点7辨析see，look，watch与read易混词含义固定搭配see看见(强调结果)；观看seesb.dosth.看见某人做某事seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事look看(强调动作)；看起来lookat看……looklike看起来像……watch注视；观看(比赛、电视)watchTV看电视watchagame/match观看比赛read读；阅读readbooks/magazines看书/杂志readanewspaper看报纸【一言辨异】Lookatthevideo！LittleTomiswatchingacartoononTV,andhisfatherisreadingnewspapersonthesofa.Whereishismum?Ican'tseeherinthevideo.看这个视频！小汤姆在看电视上的动画片，他的爸爸在沙发上看报纸。他的妈妈在哪儿呢？我在视频中没有看见她。1．—Didyou________theinterviewofYuHua，averyfamouswriter?—Yes!HeissohumorousthatIcanhardlykeepmyselffromlaughing.A.see B．lookC．read