小升初英语精美讲义练习第9讲名词阅读（牛津上海版试用本）（学生版）

授课主题第9讲名词&阅读教学目标掌握名词的分类；掌握可数名词变复数的规则教学重难点重点：名词变复数规则难点：不可数名词教学内容不可数名词液体类名词，肉类名词：pollution,bread，pizza,fruit,sugar,fat,salt,rice,food,life(生活),weather,fun,paper,information,advice,traffic，work,health,furniture,homework,housework单复数同形的名词：Chinese,Japanese,fish（条数）,sheep,deer集合名词：family、team、cattle、audience、goods、people、police、class、clothes、luggage等有些名词通常以复数形式出现clothestrouserspantsglasses(眼镜)scissorsshortsshoeschopsticks可数名词复数变化规则①规则变化A.大多数名词在词尾加s构成。所加s在清辅音后读/s/在浊辅音和元音后读/z/deskdeskspencilpencilsdaydaysB.以字母s\x\sh\ch结尾的名词，在词尾加es构成复数。所加es读/iz/class—classesboxboxesbenchbenchesdishdishes但stomachstomachsC.以f或fe结尾的词，把f或fe变成v再加es读/vz/halfhalveswifewivesmyself—ourselvesyourself—yourselvesitselfthemselves但个别以f或fe结尾的名词会有两种复数形式handkerchiefhandkerchiefs\handkerchievesD.以O结尾的名词加es或s构成复数读/z/有生命加es无生命加s1)加es：tomatotomatoespotatopotatoesheroheroesNegro—Negroes（初中只要求记忆这四个,巧记：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆）其他以o结尾的名词都加s：zoozoosradioradiosE.以y结尾的名词1)辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i再加es读/iz/city—citiesfamilyfamilies元音字母+y结尾,直接加s读/z/②不规则变化A.元音发生变化man—menwomanwomenfoot—feettooth—teethmouse—micegoosegeeseB.词尾发生变化:childchildrenC.合成词变复数a.如果有主体名词则将主体名词变成复数girlstudentsarmchairssoninlawsonsinlawlookersonb.man或woman构成复合名词时两者都要变化amandriverthreemendriversawomandoctor—twowomendoctors名词的数量表达①可数名词A.单数可数名词：名词前加a/an/one表示一…☆a\an的区别：a加在以辅音音素开头的名词前，eg:abook/apen/universityan加在以元音音素开头的名词前，anegg\orange\hour★常考冠词为an的名词:anhour/island/old…/unusual…/honest…/umbrella/unhealthy.../entrance/escalator/important.../interesting...B.复数可数名词：数词+名词复数many,few/afew,plentyof,alotof/lotsof,some,,either,neither,,those,these,both,several+名词复数②不可数名词A.用容器来表示不可数名词的量：acupofcoffeetwopiecesofwoodB.用much,alotof,lotsof,little\alittle,plentyof,some等表示数量的多少☆some,alotof,lotsof,plentyof既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词7.名词的所有格①概念：表示所有关系②构成：A.表示有生命的东西（人或动物）的名词所有格，一般在名词后加“’s”theboy’smotherMary’sbirthdaythedog’sfoodB.词尾是s或es结尾的复数名词直接加’theteachers’officethestudents’papershiswives’catsC.词尾没有s的复数名词则加“’s”Children’sDayWomen’sDaythepeople’sneedD.如果一样东西为两人共有，则在后一个词的词尾加“’s”，如果不是两人共有则两个名词后面都要加“’s”ThisisLilyandLucy’sbedroom.TheseareLily’sandLucy’sbedroom.E.名词前有冠词、数词、不定代词或指示代词时（a,two,any,some,this,etc.），常用短语加名词所有格来表示（即of短语结构）afriendofmineamapofChinaaphotoofme/mine一、选择最佳答案：1.Iwasten_________lateforschoolthismorningbecauseoftheheavyrain.A.minute B.minutes C.minutes' D.minute'2.Whatdoesyourfatherlike? A.Heistall. B.Heiskind. C.Football. D.Hismother.3.Howmany_________doweneedeveryday? A.icecream B.rice C.noodles D.egg4.Haveyougot________tobuyallthesethings? A.moneyenough B.enoughmoney C.toomoney D.moneytoo5.JaneandKittyaresisters,soKitty'sdaughterandJane'sson'sare________.A.cousins B.brothers C.nephews D.daughters6.Lookatthefood_________.Itshowshowmuchofeachkindoffoodweneedeveryday. A.list B.menu C.book D.pyramid7.Theparentsoftengetsomeinthefruitsection. A.cola B.bananas C.chickenwings D.bread8.Howmuch__________doweneedeverydayifwewanttobehealthy?A.vegetables B.dairyproducts C.milk D.snack9.Thestudentsarereading______abouttheOlympicGames. A.aninformation B.someinformations C.twopieceofinformation D.someinformation二、用所给动词的适当形式填空：1.Bequiet!The (babies)issleeping.2.Benwasheshisfaceandbrushhis (tooth)at6:30everymorning.3.Tastethese (sandwich).Theyareverynice.4.Howmany (leaf)hasthisplantgot?5.Wherearemy (glass)?Aretheyonthedesk?6.Therearesome (tomato)inherbasket.7.Howmany (child)arethereinyourschool?8.Isthis(women)anurse?9.These_________areverybrave.Theyhavesavedmanypeople.(fireman)10.Whereisthe________ofthesupermarket?(enter)11.YourourschoolOpenDayisgood.（suggest）12.Mostofmy_________haveQQspace.(classmate)13.Ilikeeating________verymuch.(cherry)14.Mymotherisagood__________.(cooking)15.Therearealotoftall_______(build)inShanghai.阅读拓展：1.Howmanytoesdidahorsehavemillionsofyearsago? A.14 B.12 C.16 D.132.Thetoescouldhelpthehorsesto_______. A.pickupsomethingtoeat B.runoverthesoft,wetground C.catchsomeinsectsontheground D.makemarksontheway3.Whatinformationcanyougetfromthepassage? A.Animalswerealwaysthesameastheyaretoday. B.Animalschangebecauseofthechangeoftheearth. C.Theweathertodayisthesameastheweathermillionsofyearsago. D.Alltheanimalslikedsoftwetground..4.What'stheChinesefortheword"hoof"?尾巴B.马鬃 C.腿 D.蹄子5.Themainideaofthestoryisthat_______. A.theweatherneverchanges B.catswereoncemuchbiggerthanhorse C.horseschangedverymuchovertheyear D.horseshadthreetoesoneachbackfoot(B)Choosethewordsorexpressionsandpletethepassage.InShanghai,traffic(交通)policeassistantsarebusyanytime,anywhere.Theytrytheirbesttomakethetraffic___1___."However,somepeople,eveninthebusiest___2___,don'twaitforthegreenlight___3___crossthestreetbetweencars,"Justatthismoment"Hey,you!"Lisaidtoamanwhoranagainstthetrafficintothestreet."Thetrafficlightwill___4___inaminute,trytowait,OK?"saidLi,anassistant.Sometimes,itisreally___5___togetpeopletoobeythetrafficrules."EverydayIgethomewithverysorelegs."Lisaid."InsummerIstand__6___thesun,andinwinterthewindblows,Ijusthopeeveryonewillobeythetrafficrules!"1.A.save B.safe C.safely D.safety2.A.parks B.stations C.villages D.streets3.A.but B.because C.or D.so4.A.turn B.e C.change D.go5.A.easy B.difficult C.dangerous D.famous6.A.on B.with C.under D.in(C)GeorgeStephensonwasaninventor(发明家).Hewasbornin1781.Hewas(1)f_______anEnglishworker'sfamily.Hisfatherwastoo(2)p_______tosendhimtoschool.HebeganlearninghisABCwhenhewasseventeen.Onhis18th(3)b_______,hecouldwritehisownname.Georgehadtoworkwhenhewas(4)o_______asmallchild.Heworkedtwelvehourseveryday.Butheworkedandstudiedvery(5)h_______Later.heinventedmanythings.Thelootive(火车头)wasthe(6)g_______oneofthem.(D)TheLondonZooliesinthemiddleofLondonwithmorethan6,000animalsinit.Thezooopenedin1928.Atfirst,therewereonly200animals.LondonerswantedtheirzootobeasgoodastheoneinParis.Sotheycollectedalotofmoneytobuildagardenandbuyallkindsofanimalsfromallovertheworld.TheZoo'snewbuildingsareverybeautiful.Itssnakehouseanditsaquarium(水族馆)arethefirstintheworld.Theelephants'newhousehashospitalrooms,andtwopools,oneoutsideandawarmoneinside.Everydayelephantscanhavetheirbathes.ThebirdshavetheZoo'smostbeautifulhome.Youcanwalkthroughtheirhighcageonabridge.140birdsofdifferentcolorsareflyinginthetreesallroundyou.Answerthequestions.1.WhereistheLondonZoolocated?Itlies_____________________________.2.Howmanyanimalswerethereinitwhenitfirstopened?Therewere_____________________________.3.WhydidtheLondonerscollectedalotofmoneytobuildthegardenandbuyatotofanimals?Becausetheywantedtheirzootobe_____________________________inParis.4.Whichpartofthezooisthebestintheworld?Thezoo'ssnakehouseand_____________________________arethebest.5.WhatdoyouthinkoftheLondonZoo?_____________________________.Whatdidyoulearntoday？Couldyoutellmesomethingaboutourlessons？PleaseletmeknowyouropinionsaboutitandIwilldomybesttoperfectit.Thanks!(A)Ritastudiesinabigcity.Sheknowsthatpollutionisabigproblem.Thebigcityisverycrowded.Thestreetsarefilledwithcars.Somepeopledon’tlikethis.Theysaythatourairistoodirtybecauseofsomanycars.Itisnotgoodtoliveinthecitywithit.Ritahasagoodidea.Shesays,“WhenIgrowup,Iwillbeabigbusdriver.Peopledon’tneedtodrivetheircarstowork.Theycantakemybigbustogotoworkandbackhomeagain.”Yes,that’sagoodidea.Ifpeopletakethegirl’sbus,theairwillbecleanerthannow.Readandchoose.(阅读并选择)5%()1.Ritastudiesin________.A.abigcity B.asmallvillage C.asmalltown D.abigtown()2.Ritaknows________isabigproblem.A.thebigcityB.water C.pollution D.work()3.Peoplethinktheairistoodirtybecause________.A.therearetoomanypeople B.therearetoomanycarsC.therearetoomanychildren D.therearetoomanybuses()4.WhenRitagrowsup,shewantstobe________.A.abusdriver B.atraindriver C.acardriver D.apoliceman()5.The“it”inthethirdlineindicates（指代）________.A.cars B.dirtyair C.people D.drivers(B)It’soverayearsinceKittycametoChina.SheisnowlivinginShanghaiandhasworkedinacarfactoryforsix___1_____.Thefactoryisinthenorthofthecityandherflatisinthesouth.Butsheis____2____lateforwork.Kittyispopularinthe___3_____.Sheis___4_____toeverybodyandgetsonwellwiththeChineseengineersandworkers.____5____work,theyvisiteachotherandtalkaboutalmosteverything.Kittyhasagoodtimeinthefactory,____6__shehasdecided(决定)toleavethefactory.Sheisgoingtofindajobinatravelagency(旅行社).“IfIworkinatravelagency,I’llbeabletomeetmorepeople.IcanlearnmoreaboutChina,”shetellsherfriends.()1.A.years B.months C.minutes D.seconds()2.A.never B.sometimes C.usually D.often()3.A.school B.factory C.hospital D.shop()4.A.angry B.naughty C.kind D.unhealthy()5.A.Before B.To C.At D.After()6.A.so B.but C.because D.if(C)Ⅲ.Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords.(在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给)6%Mostpeoplelikeeatingverymuch.Whatabouttheanimals?Ofcourse,animalslikeeatingfood,too.Catseatmanykindsoffood.Theylikes________,suchasprawns,fishandsoon.Theyd________water,buttheylikemilkbest.Sometimestheya________drinksoup.Oldpeopletellusnottoletcatseattoom________.Iftheyarefull,theywillnotlookformice.Butifwekeepcatshungryfortoolong,theywillleaveusforfood.Youknow,catsareveryclever.Nowmoreandmorecatsdon’teatfish,andtheycan’tcatchmiceq________becausemanypeoplekeepthemaspets.Theygivecatsalotofn_